knoppern.
/ˈnɒpə/ A kind of oak-gall caused by an insect of the genus Cynips, formerly used in tanning and dyeing.
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the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth > on particular plants
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > trees or shrubs yielding dyes > [noun] > dyer's oak > nut-gall
oak galla1774
knopper1879
1879 Encycl. Brit. X. 44/1 The ‘knoppern’ galls of Cynips polycera, Gir., are cones having the broad, slightly convex, upper surface surrounded with a toothed ridge.
1903 H. R. Procter Princ. Leather Manuf. xviii. 262 Knoppern are galls produced on the immature acorns of various species of oaks, principally Q[uercus] Cerris in Hungary... They..have been largely replaced by valonia.
1908 E. T. Connold Brit. Oak Galls 143 Cynips calicis... ‘The Knopper Gall’... It occurs principally on Quercus pedunculata, but also on Q. sessiliflora.
1953 F. N. Howes Vegetable Tanning Materials xxxvii. 260 The best known European galls are those obtained from eastern Europe (the Balkans and adjoining regions), which are commonly known as ‘knoppers’ or ‘knoppern’ or ‘acorn galls’... There are various kinds of knoppern recognized, such as those formerly obtained from Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia and Serbia.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
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n.1879