| 释义 |
junketn. Origin: Apparently partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymology: Partly (i) (in α. forms) apparently < an unattested Middle French derivative < jonc rush, reed (see junk n.2) + -et or -ette (see -et suffix1; perhaps as an alteration, with suffix substitution, of jonchée : see note), probably reflected by French regional (Normandy) jonquette kind of sweet made with boiled milk, and partly (ii) (in β. forms) < post-classical Latin juncata kind of soft cheese (10th cent.; from 1440 in British sources) < classical iuncus (see junk n.2) + -āta , feminine of -ātus -ate suffix2, probably after an early Romance word (compare Old French jonchee ). With sense 2a compare juncade n. With sense 2b compare earlier junkery n. 2. With sense 3 compare earlier junkery n. 1; with sense 3b compare also slightly earlier junketing adj. 2.Compare Middle French, French jonchée kind of fish-trap (1298 in Old French; 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman denoting rushes as covering for a floor or furniture), reed-basket for making cheese, kind of soft cheese (both second half of the 14th cent.), Old Occitan joncada (see juncade n.), Italian giuncata (14th cent.), both denoting a kind of soft cheese. Perhaps compare also Anglo-Norman jonques (plural) beehives, perhaps implying a singular *jonquet (in an isolated and insecurely dated attestation: 15th cent. or earlier). With sense 2a compare also Middle French, French †joncade (1546 in the passage translated in quot. 1693; rare). Semantic development. The semantic development from sense 1 to sense 2a (from a reed basket to a kind of soft cheese) appears to parallel that of Middle French jonchée outlined above; however, the absence of evidence in English for a use denoting a basket specifically for cheese-making, suggests that these senses may have entered English separately. Also, sense 2a apparently originally came into English from Latin (in β. forms) and was only assimilated to the French-based α. forms later. Sense 2b (denoting a confection, delicacy, etc.) may have developed from 2a within English, although there is earlier evidence for the α. forms in this sense. The origin of sense 3 is unclear; it is not paralleled in other languages. It is possible that this shows a semantic development from the senses relating to food, especially delicacies served at banquets (compare e.g. quot. 1592 at sense 2bα. ), although it predates sense 2b and does not share the same kind of form variation. Alternatively, it may represent an alteration of the related junkery n. (with substitution of the final element: see -et suffix1). the world > food and drink > food > container for food > [noun] > basket > for fish a1382 (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job 3rd Prol. 671 If forsothe a iunket with resshe I shulde make. a1425 (a1382) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) Exod. ii. 3 He tok a ionket [L. fiscellam] of resshen, and glewide it withe glewishe cley, and with picche. ?c1475 (BL Add. 15562) f. 68 A jonket for fische, nassa. 1565–73 T. Cooper Caudecæ, little coffers of wickers: iunkets wherein yeeles are taken. 1703 R. Thoresby Let. 27 Apr. in J. Ray (1848) 423 Junket, a wicker long wisket to catch fish. 1853 W. M. Thomas in 30 July 509/2 The price of a certain ‘junket o' carrots’. 1883 366 Junkets..hand Junkets. 1893 R. O. Heslop Junket, a basket for catching fish. 1924 G. E. Fuheken tr. E. Nordenskiöld v. 90 In the openings of the palisade were placed junkets... When the fish got into these they could not turn, stuck, and were thus caught. 2. the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > cream or cottage cheese the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > milk and cream dishes > [noun] > curd dishes β. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in (2002) i. 124 Milke, crayme, and cruddes, and eke the Ioncate, þey close a mannes stomak..þerfore ete hard chese aftir. 1508 (de Worde) sig. A.ii Beware of cowe creme and..Iouncat for these wyll make your souerayne seke but he ete harde chese. the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > delicacy or titbit α. 1538 T. Elyot Offarius, & offaria, a maker of suche iunckettes. 1566 W. Adlington tr. Apuleius xlv. f. 107 Bread pasties, tartes, custardes, & other delicate ionckettes dipped in honie. 1567 T. Palfreyman (new ed.) viii. vi. f. 191 To beeholde the furnished table..with varietie of the most dainty iunkettes, costli and delicate dishes. 1592 E. Smyth tr. J. de L'Espine v. f. 87v At their tables..they haue beside the abundance of meate, their junkets, banketting dishes, and other such like knackes. 1629 J. Parkinson xviii. 586 [Orange peel] Candied with Sugar to serve with other dryed Junquets. 1694 W. Westmacott 85 Fillberds..being an excellent Junket instead of Tobacco in their compotating humours. 1715 tr. G. Panciroli I. iv. x. 184 Junkets or Sweetmeats, were pompously brought in with the Solemnity of a Flute. 1890 J. D. Robertson Junket, a delicacy, whether meat, pudding, or drink. 1902 H. Kingsford in III. 392/2 [S. Worcs.] Tay is my only junket. 3. the world > food and drink > food > meal > feast > [noun] society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > outing or excursion > [noun] > type of a1500 in T. Wright (1847) 93 (MED) Sum brought flesh and sume fysh..How sey yow, gossips, is this wyne good? That it is..It cherisheth the hart, and comfort the blood; Such jonckettes among shal mak us lyv long. 1540 R. Morison tr. J. L. Vives (new ed.) C j b Spendynge his patrimonie vppon ionkettes [L. comessationes], mynstreles, and scoffers. a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher (1647) sig. Llllll3/2 Where are those gad-flies going? to some Junket now. 1656 R. Vines (1677) 30 With these junkets and feasts they joyned the celebration of the Lords Supper. 1712 R. Steele No. 298. ⁋5 At a late Junket which he was invited to. 1751 S. Johnson No. 142. ⁋6 She taught him..to catch the servants at a junket. 1798 S. Napier Let. 26 Aug. in T. Moore (1831) II. App. 231 The very people who passed the week in plunging daggers in Louisa's heart hallow the seventh day, by a junket to her house! 1814 F. Burney III. 73 I come..to ask the favor of your company..to a little junket at our farm. 1847 W. M. Thackeray (1848) xxviii. 243 A new jaunt or junket every night. 1886 13 Feb. 201/1 There are old fogeys, I suppose, who object to banquets and junkets. 1896 14 Nov. 3/6 To go by boat or train to a summer camp and enjoy a jolly junket or picnic for a few weeks. 1914 2 May 9/6 Cattle are the excuse for Seville's Feria as horses are for Dublin's Show, but in reality it is a great junket for a whole countryside. 1953 S. Bellow v. 74 He sent her to visit her cousin on the South Side, an all-day junket on the streetcars. 1995 31 Dec. (Heartland Mag.) 5/3 That one will have to wait until I pay off the bills from this last little junket to exotic ports. society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > excursion > for pleasure > at public expense 1878 30 Apr. Mr. Hayes and his domestic and official staff left today for..Philadelphia... What the precise purpose of this junket is I do not see stated. 1886 14 May 4/2 The congressmen who enjoy it will not pay for the junket. 1929 Jan. 99/1 The expensive junkets in which the high-powered friends of Mexican progress have toured the republic de luxe for weeks at a time. 1959 9 Sept. 1/2 A junket to surpass all junkets—a free trip to Hawaii for the whole Senate—is getting enthusiastic consideration from some senators. 1986 466 7232 The Minister of Overseas Trade and Marketing is demonstrably a failure at anything other than leading a junket around the world. 2004 J. Fellowes (2005) vi. 82 The Prince of Wales..was on a goodwill junket somewhere in the South Seas. 1890 H. T. L. Wolcott in ii. 309 The expense would not have justified any one in calling it a junket of the Window Gardening Committee. 1914 14 Oct. 6/1 A similar junket for the benefit of American journalists recently took place in Belgium. 1946 10 July 14/1 Sam Goldwyn's junket for the press and aerial premiere of ‘The Kid from Brooklyn’ offered further evidence that the town is rocking back to pre-war levels. 1973 18 Aug. 14/1 The only way I could get to see the countries..was to get myself attached to groups of travel writers on facility trips, or what the Americans call junkets. 2007 13 Oct. (Mag.) 33/2 Being new to the business, she's refreshingly unjaded about doing publicity junkets. Compounds 1825 W. Hone (1826) I. 439 Well-stored junket-baskets. Derivatives 1760 H. Walpole Let. 28 June in (1974) XXXVIII. 59 You are as junkettaceous as my lady Northumberland. 1830 Countess Granville (1894) II. 66 She rather likes the thought, having a more junketous soul than me. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). junketv. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: junket n. Etymology: < junket n. Compare earlier junketing n. With sense 2b compare also slightly earlier junketing adj. 2. †1. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > outing or excursion > make outing or excursion [verb (intransitive)] society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > make merry [verb (intransitive)] the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > feasting > feast [verb (intransitive)] 1607 R. Wilkinson 39 While men are feasting and iunketting and banquetting. 1638 T. Herbert (rev. ed.) 350 A creature..rather made to wonder at, than to juncket on. 1657 T. Reeve 86 A sad thing it is, that..when some are fasting, others should be juncating. 1715 tr. G. Panciroli I. ii. vi. 80 The Fire was in the middle of the Room, about which the Family did make Merry and Junket. 1745 J. Swift 7 Whatever good Bits you can pilfer in the Day, save them to junket with your Fellow-servants at Night. 1821 W. Scott III. vii. 151 We have junketed till provisions are low with us. the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > feed or nourish [verb (transitive)] > entertain with food 1642 J. Jackson 61 A true reall feast, a feast properly so called, junketting both the minde and the body. 1745 H. Walpole (1846) II. 64 The good woman..was in such a hurry to junket her neighbours. 1913 58/1 The various groups of delegates had on their way been received and feasted and junketted by Mayors and Chambers of Commerce and Governors of States. 2. 1821 Countess Granville (1894) I. 205 The same party junket on Friday to Chiswick. 1882 H. James 17 Oct. (1920) I. 95 We made some excursions together—that is, minus Mrs. K...who was too infirm to junket about. 1941 June 60/1 Speedboat fans who junketed to San Diego in healthy numbers..were treated to a thrilling show. 1985 R. Rendell xvii. 201 There had been no phone call from Kevin who extended this courtesy to his mother only when he was at college and not while junketing around holiday resorts. 2008 (Nexis) 11 Aug. e6 He spent the next eight years junketing around the minor leagues in the Atlanta Braves' organization. 1885 12 Nov. A set of political Commissioners have drawn comfortable salaries for several years and junketed sumptuously at Government expense during that time. 1922 99 29/2 The Monetary Commission had junketed, experted and ruminated. 1960 6 June 43/4 Business men and Congressmen are not entitled to junket at the expense of other taxpayers. 2018 (Scotl. ed.) (Nexis) 23 June 20 I was a part of that press rat pack that junketed to the USA prior to France '98. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.a1382 v.1607 |
