Kurdn.adj.

Brit.

/kəːd/, U.S.

/kərd/

Forms: 1600s Coord, 1600s Kurt, 1600s–1800s Courd, 1700s–1800s Curd, 1700s– Koord (now rare), 1700s– Kourd (now rare), 1800s– Kurd, 1900s– Qurd (rare).

Origin: A borrowing from Kurdish. Probably also partly a borrowing from Persian. Probably also partly a borrowing from Arabic. Probably also partly a borrowing from Turkish. Etymons: Kurdish Kurd; Persian Kord; Arabic Kurd; Ottoman Turkish Kürd.

Etymology: Ultimately < Kurdish Kurd, self-designation (noun and adjective), probably partly via Persian Kord, Arabic Kurd, and Ottoman Turkish Kürd (Turkish Kürt ; < Arabic). Compare Hellenistic Greek Κύρτιοι and (apparently < Greek) classical Latin Cyrtii , the name of a nomadic people living in ancient Persia and Media. Compare French Kurde noun (1695 as Curdes , plural), and adjective (19th cent. or earlier). With use as adjective compare slightly earlier Kurdish adj.Quot. 1595 comes from a glossary listing the Italian form Curdi, plural (1587 in the source translated).

A. n.

A member of a mainly Islamic people living mostly in northern Iran and Iraq, Syria, eastern Turkey, and regions of Azerbaijan and Armenia (the area being collectively known as Kurdistan), and speaking Kurdish, a language of the Iranian group.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Turk > Iranian > [noun]

Kurd1609

Iranian1870

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Afghanistan and Turkestan > [noun] > person

Kurd1609

Afghan1625

Rohilla1767

Afridi1784

Mohmand1815

Kaffir1834

Powindah1851

Sart1871

Shinwari1875

Guran1882

Afghani1966

1595 A. Hartwell in tr. G. T. Minadoi Hist. Warres Turkes & Persians sig. HHh2^v Curdi, a people which many think to be the Parthians, A. But we cannot possiblie thinke them to be so. wherein we agree with Castaldo.]

1609 W. Biddulph Trauels Certaine Englishmen 41 In the Mountaines betwixt Scanderone and Aleppo, there are dwelling a certaine kind of people called at this day Coords, comming of the race of the ancient Parthians.

1616 T. Roe Let. 30 Oct. in Embassy to Great Mogul (1899) II. 310 The King..tooke occasion to take in by force a reuolted Nation to the East of Babilon. The People are Called Coords.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. iii. i. 197 A long and farre gathered Armie of..Saracens, Courds, Publicans and diuers other Nations.

1742 J. Fraser Hist. Nadir Shah 157 Nadir Shah..advanced towards that Quarter, and detached 1000 Courds, 1000 Kajirs, [etc.].

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xiii. 381 The arrows of the Carduchians... Their posterity, the Curds,..acknowledge the nominal sovereignty of the Turkish sultan.

1813 Q. Rev. Oct. 267 The Kurds speak a corrupt Persian.

1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks iv. iii. 265 Saladin was a Curd.

1875 Encycl. Brit. II. 712/1 Kurds..are found principally in the eastern and south-eastern districts [of Asia Minor].

1903 M.A.P. 17 Jan. 73/1 When we were in the north-west of Persia among the Kourds, we caused great astonishment by paying for fuel, eggs, milk, fowls, etc.

1965 B. Sweet-Escott Baker St. Irregular iii. 89 When the surrender had taken place..they had promptly sold their rifles to the neighbouring Lurs and Kurds.

2014 Times (Nexis) 25 June 32 The Kurds know they have little to lose and everything to gain by striking out on their own.

B. adj. (attributive).

Of or relating to the Kurds; designating a Kurd. Cf. Kurdish adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Afghanistan and Turkestan > [adjective]

Pathan1625

Afghan1742

Rohilla1768

Kurdish1806

Kurd1810

Hindki1815

Mohmand1815

Chorasmian1816

Hazara1826

Kaffir1834

Afghani1838

Zakka Khel1860

Pakhtun1867

Powindah1880

Thamudite1881

Sart1898

Thamudaean1909

Tajik1911

Thamudic1937

1810 C. Stewart tr. Trav. Mirza Abu Taleb Khan II. xxxi. 281 I accompanied the Cazy to the house of a Kurd carpenter, who gave us an excellent dinner, and comfortable beds.

1850 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. (ed. 3) 94 The Iranian stock of languages.—This contains the proper Persian languages of Persia (Iran)..the Kurd language, and all the languages of Asia..derived from the Zend or Sanskrit.

1882 E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 325 A Kurd encampment.

1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xx. 103 It was an ordinary bell tent, furnished with..a fairly good Kurd rug, a poor Shirazi, and the delightful old Baluch prayer-carpet on which he prayed.

1967 Berkeley Jrnl. Sociol. 12 47 One striking example..is the Kurd revolt in 1961 demanding autonomy.

2007 Church Times 5 Oct. 26/4 We..witnessed the anger of Sadrist partisans in the south; and heard more hopeful Kurd voices from the north.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kurd
释义	Kurdn.adj. Brit. /kəːd/, U.S. /kərd/ Forms: 1600s Coord, 1600s Kurt, 1600s–1800s Courd, 1700s–1800s Curd, 1700s– Koord (now rare), 1700s– Kourd (now rare), 1800s– Kurd, 1900s– Qurd (rare). Origin: A borrowing from Kurdish. Probably also partly a borrowing from Persian. Probably also partly a borrowing from Arabic. Probably also partly a borrowing from Turkish. Etymons: Kurdish Kurd; Persian Kord; Arabic Kurd; Ottoman Turkish Kürd. Etymology: Ultimately < Kurdish Kurd, self-designation (noun and adjective), probably partly via Persian Kord, Arabic Kurd, and Ottoman Turkish Kürd (Turkish Kürt ; < Arabic). Compare Hellenistic Greek Κύρτιοι and (apparently < Greek) classical Latin Cyrtii , the name of a nomadic people living in ancient Persia and Media. Compare French Kurde noun (1695 as Curdes , plural), and adjective (19th cent. or earlier). With use as adjective compare slightly earlier Kurdish adj.Quot. 1595 comes from a glossary listing the Italian form Curdi, plural (1587 in the source translated). A. n. A member of a mainly Islamic people living mostly in northern Iran and Iraq, Syria, eastern Turkey, and regions of Azerbaijan and Armenia (the area being collectively known as Kurdistan), and speaking Kurdish, a language of the Iranian group. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Turk > Iranian > [noun] Kurd1609 Iranian1870 the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Afghanistan and Turkestan > [noun] > person Kurd1609 Afghan1625 Rohilla1767 Afridi1784 Mohmand1815 Kaffir1834 Powindah1851 Sart1871 Shinwari1875 Guran1882 Afghani1966 1595 A. Hartwell in tr. G. T. Minadoi Hist. Warres Turkes & Persians sig. HHh2^v Curdi, a people which many think to be the Parthians, A. But we cannot possiblie thinke them to be so. wherein we agree with Castaldo.] 1609 W. Biddulph Trauels Certaine Englishmen 41 In the Mountaines betwixt Scanderone and Aleppo, there are dwelling a certaine kind of people called at this day Coords, comming of the race of the ancient Parthians. 1616 T. Roe Let. 30 Oct. in Embassy to Great Mogul (1899) II. 310 The King..tooke occasion to take in by force a reuolted Nation to the East of Babilon. The People are Called Coords. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. iii. i. 197 A long and farre gathered Armie of..Saracens, Courds, Publicans and diuers other Nations. 1742 J. Fraser Hist. Nadir Shah 157 Nadir Shah..advanced towards that Quarter, and detached 1000 Courds, 1000 Kajirs, [etc.]. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xiii. 381 The arrows of the Carduchians... Their posterity, the Curds,..acknowledge the nominal sovereignty of the Turkish sultan. 1813 Q. Rev. Oct. 267 The Kurds speak a corrupt Persian. 1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks iv. iii. 265 Saladin was a Curd. 1875 Encycl. Brit. II. 712/1 Kurds..are found principally in the eastern and south-eastern districts [of Asia Minor]. 1903 M.A.P. 17 Jan. 73/1 When we were in the north-west of Persia among the Kourds, we caused great astonishment by paying for fuel, eggs, milk, fowls, etc. 1965 B. Sweet-Escott Baker St. Irregular iii. 89 When the surrender had taken place..they had promptly sold their rifles to the neighbouring Lurs and Kurds. 2014 Times (Nexis) 25 June 32 The Kurds know they have little to lose and everything to gain by striking out on their own. B. adj. (attributive). Of or relating to the Kurds; designating a Kurd. Cf. Kurdish adj. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Afghanistan and Turkestan > [adjective] Pathan1625 Afghan1742 Rohilla1768 Kurdish1806 Kurd1810 Hindki1815 Mohmand1815 Chorasmian1816 Hazara1826 Kaffir1834 Afghani1838 Zakka Khel1860 Pakhtun1867 Powindah1880 Thamudite1881 Sart1898 Thamudaean1909 Tajik1911 Thamudic1937 1810 C. Stewart tr. Trav. Mirza Abu Taleb Khan II. xxxi. 281 I accompanied the Cazy to the house of a Kurd carpenter, who gave us an excellent dinner, and comfortable beds. 1850 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. (ed. 3) 94 The Iranian stock of languages.—This contains the proper Persian languages of Persia (Iran)..the Kurd language, and all the languages of Asia..derived from the Zend or Sanskrit. 1882 E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 325 A Kurd encampment. 1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xx. 103 It was an ordinary bell tent, furnished with..a fairly good Kurd rug, a poor Shirazi, and the delightful old Baluch prayer-carpet on which he prayed. 1967 Berkeley Jrnl. Sociol. 12 47 One striking example..is the Kurd revolt in 1961 demanding autonomy. 2007 Church Times 5 Oct. 26/4 We..witnessed the anger of Sadrist partisans in the south; and heard more hopeful Kurd voices from the north. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1609
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