lathern.

Brit.

/ˈlɑːðə/,

/ˈlaðə/, U.S.

/ˈlæðər/

Forms: Also Old English léaðor, 1600s ladder, lavour.

Etymology: Old English léaðor strong neuter = Old Norse lauðr washing soda, foam (Swedish lodder soap) < Old Germanic type *lauþro^m < pre-Germanic *loutrom (= Greek λοετρόν, λουτρόν bath, Irish loathar washing vessel), < root *lou- to wash (= Latin lavāre) + -tro- instrumental suffix.

†a. (Old English only.) Washing soda.

b. A froth or foam made by the agitation of a mixture of soap and water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [noun] > water or solutions > types of solution > soap and water

graith1513

suds1581

lather1583

soap-suds1611

bumble broth1624

soap-sud1699

sapples1821

soap and water1837

suds1884

c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 2 Lege on clað gnid in wæter gnid swiðe þæt heo sy eall geleðred þweah mid þy leaðre þæt heafod gelome.

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 455/8 Nitria, þæt is of leaðre.

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 456/14 Nitrum, leaðor.

1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. G8^v Then shall your mouth be bossed with the lather..(for they haue their sweete balles wherewith all they vse to washe).

1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 335 I ordered the maid to put some of the usual soap thereto..and it made a very good lather (as they call it).

1677 Compl. Servant-maid 64 Wash them very well in three Ladders.

1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (ed. 2) App. p. xi Take scalding hot water, and..with Newcastle soap, beat and work it up to a clear lather.

1816 W. Scott Let. Jan. (1933) IV. 158 It lookd like a shaving brush & the goblet might be intended to make the lather.

1873 E. Smith Foods 279 Hard water..prevents the formation of a lather, until a large quantity of soap has been added.

1926 H. W. Fowler Dict. Mod. Eng. Usage 315/2 Though lah′dher is often heard, lather apparently does not belong to the class of words in which ah & ă are merely southern & northern variants (pass &c.).

1968 New Society 22 Aug. 266/1 Lather: non-U to rhyme with ‘father’ (invariable in television advertisements)/U to rhyme with ‘gather’.

figurative.1725 N. Bailey tr. Erasmus All Familiar Colloquies 570 Such as by the Lather of Tears, and Soap of Repentance..have washed away their Pollutions.1940 L. MacNeice Last Ditch 10 The sky is a lather of stars.

c. transferred. Violent perspiration, esp. the frothy sweat of a horse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > substance or secretion and excretion > [noun] > perspiration

foam1612

lather1660

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > perspirations > [noun] > sweat

swotec897

need-sweat?c1225

sweata1400

dead-sweat1609

muck sweat1627

strigment1646

mador1650

breathing sweat1657

lather1660

dew1674

cold sweat1707

death sweat1725

perspiration1725

toil-drop1802

persp.1923

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > sweat

lather1660

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 143 I could not possibly bring forth a word..being all in a lavour with agony and distresse.

1828 in N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang.

1837 M. M. Sherwood Henry Milner iii. v Miss Bell had already exercised her [a mare] so well, that, to use a jockey term, she was all in a lather.

1883 E. Pennell-Elmhirst Cream Leics. 238 The mare..was covered with lather.

d. transferred. A state of agitation, anxiety, irritation, or the like, such as induces sweat. (Cf. quot. 1660 at sense 1c.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [noun] > state of fearful agitation inducing sweat

lather1839

1839 F. Trollope Domest. Manners Amer. (ed. 5) xxix. 271 Don't be in a lather, father, before you are shaved. I'll do your job, I expect, if you won't be in such a tarnation fuss.

1892 R. Kipling Lett. of Trav. (1920) 99 Forced inaction frets the man to a lather.

1931 V. Woolf Waves 273 I arrived all in a lather at her house..but did not marry her, being..unripe for that intensity.

1945 E. S. Gardner Case of Gold-digger's Purse (1949) v. 44 You're standing there in a lather of indecision.1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair xvi. 181 I suppose Christina is in the usual lather of sentiment?1970 Daily Tel. 24 Sept. 4/8 I can't work myself up into a middle aged lather over long hair.

2. The action of lathering or applying lather to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > [noun] > washing with soapy water

soaping1556

lathering1598

lathera1627

sappling1836

sudsing1844

sudding1909

a1627 T. Middleton Women beware Women ii. ii, in 2 New Playes (1657) 117 She'ld..spunge up her self, And give her neck three lathers.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

lather-bowl n.

ΚΠ

1856 R. W. Procter Barber's Shop (1883) xxi. 216 A lather bowl.

lather-dried adj.

ΚΠ

1850 R. S. Surtees Soapey Sponge's Sporting Tour liv, in New Monthly Mag. Oct. 207 Reining in the now lather-dried brown.

lather-making adj.

ΚΠ

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xi. 370 His lather-making jaws.

C2.

lather-boy n. a boy employed in a barber's shop to lather the chins of customers.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > barbers and hairdressers > [noun] > who lathers

lather-boy1898

latherer1899

1898 Daily News 9 Dec. 5/7 They were ‘lather boys to a barber’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

latherv.

Brit.

/ˈlɑːðə/,

/ˈlaðə/, U.S.

/ˈlæðər/

Forms: Old English ( ge)léðran, líðrian, Middle English leþere, liðere, Middle English lathere, 1500s– lather, 1600s ladder, laver (in lavering participial adjective).

Etymology: Old English *líeðran , léðran , corresponds to Old Norse løyðra < Old Germanic *lauþrjan , < *lauþro^m : see lather n. From the 16th cent. the word has been assimilated in form to the noun; compare Icelandic lauðra.

a. transitive. To cover with or as with a lather; to wash in or with a lather. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] > wash in soapy water

latherc950

soap1585

suds1834

yellow-soap1836

soap-and-water1847

sapple1897

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > with or as with specific other things

clodc1420

pavea1425

foamc1540

overstain1559

thatch1589

sinew1592

to ice over1602

curd1654

overfleece1717

fleece1730

stucco1774

oversmoke1855

bepaper1861

beboulder1862

overflower1876

sack1880

overglass1883

to board over1885

pad1885

lather1917

cobweb1928

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xi. 2 Maria uutudlice wæs ðio geðuog vel smiride vel leðrede ðone drihten mið smirinise.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 124 Lyþre mid sapan.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 2 Lege on clað gnid in wæter gnid swiðe þæt heo sy eall geleðred þweah mid þy leaðre þæt heafod gelome.

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot ii. i. 33 Their Horses..by excessive heats, continuall evaporations, and sweats..were laundred and ladder'd.

1713 J. Addison in Guardian 2 June 1/2 He would rubb and lather a Man's Head, till he had got out every thing that was in it.

1715 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Memorable Things Lost I. i. iv. 12 Cleaner and brighter, than if it had been..lather'd with a Wash-ball.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. viii. 49 He lathered my face.

1851 D. Jerrold St. Giles & St. James (new ed.) xxiii, in Writings I. 235 The self-same brush that had lathered the beard of that very vulgar man.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xvi. 273 Nello skipped round him, lathered him, seized him by the nose, and scraped him.

1917 P. Gibbs Battles of Somme 171 The enemy was ‘lathering’ the field of observation with every kind of ‘crump’ and shell.

Proverb.1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. II. vii. 117 'Twas waste of soap to lather an ass.

†b. absol. or intransitive. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. lii. 32 And for that j kan so wel wasshe, so wel lathere..hath god maad me his chambrere.

1630 J. Taylor Praise Cleane Linnen in Wks. ii. 169/1 For Laundresses are testy..When they are lathering in their bumble broth.

†c. intransitive in quasi-passive sense.

ΚΠ

1691 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 16 532 [They] put them over a Fire till they are more than Blood-warm; which will make them [skins] ladder and scour perfectly clean.

2. intransitive. To become covered with foam; now chiefly of a horse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > effervesce [verb (intransitive)] > foam or froth > become covered with foam

lathera1225

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [verb (intransitive)] > sweat

foam1430

lather1884

a1225 Juliana 16 And beten hire swa luðere þat hire leofliche lich liðeri al oblode. [Similarly a1225 Leg. Kath. 1554.]

a1225 St. Marher. 5 Hit brek oueral ant litherde o blode.

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 3733 He swang in þan fihte þat he leþerede [c1275 Calig. lauede] a swote.

1884 St. James's Gaz. 1 May 7/1 Harvester..lathered a good deal before being saddled.

3. To produce and form a lather or froth. Said esp. of water when mixed with soap; also of soap.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [verb (intransitive)] > produce lather

lather1600

suds1893

1600 R. Armin Foole vpon Foole sig. C1^v The trotting of his Mule made the mingled confection lather.

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 36 Water..such as..would lather well.

1715 J. Gay Epist. Earl Burlington 106 Our shirts her busy fingers rub, While the sope lathers oer the foaming tub.

1789 G. White Nat. Hist. Selborne 3 A fine limpid water..but which does not lather well with soap.

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 189 It [indurated lithomarga] does not lather, yet is detersive.

4. transitive. To spread on like lather.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > colour [verb (transitive)] > lay on a colour > thickly

load1859

lather1885

1885 Manch. Examiner 10 Feb. 5/3 In other pictures coarse yellow paint appears to have been lathered on with a trowel.

5. To beat, thrash. Also intransitive with into. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > beat or flog [verb (intransitive)]

lash1398

lather1797

vapulate1818

lam1875

larrup1939

society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat

threshOE

beatc1000

to lay on?c1225

chastise1362

rapa1400

dressc1405

lack?c1475

paya1500

currya1529

coil1530

cuff1530

baste1533

thwack1533

lick1535

firka1566

trounce1568

fight1570

course1585

bumfeage1589

feague1589

lamback1589

lambskin1589

tickle1592

thrash1593

lam1595

bumfeagle1598

comb1600

fer1600

linge1600

taw1600

tew1600

thrum1604

feeze1612

verberate1614

fly-flap1620

tabor1624

lambaste1637

feak1652

flog1676

to tan (a person's) hide1679

slipper1682

liquora1689

curry-comb1708

whack1721

rump1735

screenge1787

whale1790

lather1797

tat1819

tease1819

larrup1823

warm1824

haze1825

to put (a person) through a course of sprouts1839

flake1841

swish1856

hide1875

triangle1879

to give (a person or thing) gyp1887

soak1892

to loosen (a person's) hide1902

1797 Sporting Mag. 10 320 He was so well lathered that he was near his end.

1850 P. Crook War of Hats 54 The uxorious cleric too was..lathered with a cane.

1886 ‘M. Gray’ Silence of Dean Maitland I. v. 129 He was a latherin' into Hotspur [a horse] like mad.

Derivatives

ˈlathered adj.

ΚΠ

1814 R. Southey Carmina Aulica in Poet. Wks. III. 315 When at the looking-glass with lather'd chin..I sit.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xvi. 287 The doctor had his lathered face turned towards the group.

ˈlathering adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [adjective] > full of or covered with foam or froth

foamyOE

foaminga1400

spumingc1400

frothy?1531

spurging1566

fretting1567

fuming1598

white-mouthed1598

frory1600

yeastya1616

frothed1616

frothing1628

lathering1630

mantling1633

sudding1633

spumeous1635

spewy1743

spooming1818

despumatious1819

yeastinga1821

creaming1825

spumous1854

frothsome1880

lathery1880

bubblesome1946

1630 J. Taylor Praise Cleane Linnen Ded., in Wks. ii. 164 Not doubting but the lathering suds of your lennitie will wash away all such faults.

1647 H. More Insomn. Philos. i. 178 Her curbed steeds foaming out lavering tarre.

ˈlatherer n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > barbers and hairdressers > [noun] > who lathers

lather-boy1898

latherer1899

1899 Westm. Gaz. 18 May 2/3 Boys employed as latherers in barbers' shops.

Draft additions June 2018

lathered adj. Very sweaty from exertion or heat; spec. (of a horse) covered in white, frothy sweat (cf. lather n. 1c). Now chiefly of horses; of a person colloquial in later use and chiefly English regional (northern).

ΚΠ

1782 Philos. Quixote II. xviii. 62 Thomas [sc. the porter] followed as fast as his legs could carry him; and you will easily conceive the lathered and breathless condition in which he arrived.

1796 ‘Juvenis’ Village Muse 41 The lather'd steed, forgetful of his toil, Stops the keen plough-share in the sluggish soil.

1852 New Monthly Mag. May 103 They turned their pumped and lathered horses to the grateful influence of the westerly breeze.

1877 London Society July 77/1 ‘Had a stiff run, sir?’ said he, as he stood at her [sc. a horse] head and glanced at her lathered shoulders.

1947 J. B. Yeats Careless Flower i. 27 I'll walk up and down it, cool down... I'm lathered right down into my boots.

1989 Washington Post 19 Feb. c16/3 If it's an Indian summer day, watch that the horse doesn't get too lathered.

2017 Lancs. Evening Post (Nexis) 5 Apr. I am lathered! The heat..is unbelievable.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	lather
释义	lathern. Brit. /ˈlɑːðə/, /ˈlaðə/, U.S. /ˈlæðər/ Forms: Also Old English léaðor, 1600s ladder, lavour. Etymology: Old English léaðor strong neuter = Old Norse lauðr washing soda, foam (Swedish lodder soap) < Old Germanic type lauþro^m < pre-Germanic loutrom (= Greek λοετρόν, λουτρόν bath, Irish loathar washing vessel), < root lou- to wash (= Latin lavāre) + -tro-* instrumental suffix. 1. †a. (Old English only.) Washing soda. b. A froth or foam made by the agitation of a mixture of soap and water. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [noun] > water or solutions > types of solution > soap and water graith1513 suds1581 lather1583 soap-suds1611 bumble broth1624 soap-sud1699 sapples1821 soap and water1837 suds1884 c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 2 Lege on clað gnid in wæter gnid swiðe þæt heo sy eall geleðred þweah mid þy leaðre þæt heafod gelome. c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 455/8 Nitria, þæt is of leaðre. c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 456/14 Nitrum, leaðor. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. G8^v Then shall your mouth be bossed with the lather..(for they haue their sweete balles wherewith all they vse to washe). 1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 335 I ordered the maid to put some of the usual soap thereto..and it made a very good lather (as they call it). 1677 Compl. Servant-maid 64 Wash them very well in three Ladders. 1740 G. Smith tr. Laboratory (ed. 2) App. p. xi Take scalding hot water, and..with Newcastle soap, beat and work it up to a clear lather. 1816 W. Scott Let. Jan. (1933) IV. 158 It lookd like a shaving brush & the goblet might be intended to make the lather. 1873 E. Smith Foods 279 Hard water..prevents the formation of a lather, until a large quantity of soap has been added. 1926 H. W. Fowler Dict. Mod. Eng. Usage 315/2 Though lah′dher is often heard, lather apparently does not belong to the class of words in which ah & ă are merely southern & northern variants (pass &c.). 1968 New Society 22 Aug. 266/1 Lather: non-U to rhyme with ‘father’ (invariable in television advertisements)/U to rhyme with ‘gather’. figurative.1725 N. Bailey tr. Erasmus All Familiar Colloquies 570 Such as by the Lather of Tears, and Soap of Repentance..have washed away their Pollutions.1940 L. MacNeice Last Ditch 10 The sky is a lather of stars. c. transferred. Violent perspiration, esp. the frothy sweat of a horse. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > substance or secretion and excretion > [noun] > perspiration foam1612 lather1660 the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > perspirations > [noun] > sweat swotec897 need-sweat?c1225 sweata1400 dead-sweat1609 muck sweat1627 strigment1646 mador1650 breathing sweat1657 lather1660 dew1674 cold sweat1707 death sweat1725 perspiration1725 toil-drop1802 persp.1923 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > sweat lather1660 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 143 I could not possibly bring forth a word..being all in a lavour with agony and distresse. 1828 in N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1837 M. M. Sherwood Henry Milner iii. v Miss Bell had already exercised her [a mare] so well, that, to use a jockey term, she was all in a lather. 1883 E. Pennell-Elmhirst Cream Leics. 238 The mare..was covered with lather. d. transferred. A state of agitation, anxiety, irritation, or the like, such as induces sweat. (Cf. quot. 1660 at sense 1c.) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [noun] > state of fearful agitation inducing sweat lather1839 1839 F. Trollope Domest. Manners Amer. (ed. 5) xxix. 271 Don't be in a lather, father, before you are shaved. I'll do your job, I expect, if you won't be in such a tarnation fuss. 1892 R. Kipling Lett. of Trav. (1920) 99 Forced inaction frets the man to a lather. 1931 V. Woolf Waves 273 I arrived all in a lather at her house..but did not marry her, being..unripe for that intensity. 1945 E. S. Gardner Case of Gold-digger's Purse (1949) v. 44 You're standing there in a lather of indecision.1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair xvi. 181 I suppose Christina is in the usual lather of sentiment?1970 Daily Tel. 24 Sept. 4/8 I can't work myself up into a middle aged lather over long hair. 2. The action of lathering or applying lather to. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > [noun] > washing with soapy water soaping1556 lathering1598 lathera1627 sappling1836 sudsing1844 sudding1909 a1627 T. Middleton Women beware Women ii. ii, in 2 New Playes (1657) 117 She'ld..spunge up her self, And give her neck three lathers. Compounds C1. General attributive. lather-bowl n. ΚΠ 1856 R. W. Procter Barber's Shop (1883) xxi. 216 A lather bowl. lather-dried adj. ΚΠ 1850 R. S. Surtees Soapey Sponge's Sporting Tour liv, in New Monthly Mag. Oct. 207 Reining in the now lather-dried brown. lather-making adj. ΚΠ ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xi. 370 His lather-making jaws. C2. lather-boy n. a boy employed in a barber's shop to lather the chins of customers. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > barbers and hairdressers > [noun] > who lathers lather-boy1898 latherer1899 1898 Daily News 9 Dec. 5/7 They were ‘lather boys to a barber’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022). latherv. Brit. /ˈlɑːðə/, /ˈlaðə/, U.S. /ˈlæðər/ Forms: Old English ( ge)léðran, líðrian, Middle English leþere, liðere, Middle English lathere, 1500s– lather, 1600s ladder, laver (in lavering participial adjective). Etymology: Old English líeðran , léðran* , corresponds to Old Norse løyðra < Old Germanic lauþrjan , < lauþro^m : see lather n. From the 16th cent. the word has been assimilated in form to the noun; compare Icelandic lauðra. 1. a. transitive. To cover with or as with a lather; to wash in or with a lather. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > wash [verb (transitive)] > wash in soapy water latherc950 soap1585 suds1834 yellow-soap1836 soap-and-water1847 sapple1897 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > with or as with specific other things clodc1420 pavea1425 foamc1540 overstain1559 thatch1589 sinew1592 to ice over1602 curd1654 overfleece1717 fleece1730 stucco1774 oversmoke1855 bepaper1861 beboulder1862 overflower1876 sack1880 overglass1883 to board over1885 pad1885 lather1917 cobweb1928 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xi. 2 Maria uutudlice wæs ðio geðuog vel smiride vel leðrede ðone drihten mið smirinise. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 124 Lyþre mid sapan. c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 2 Lege on clað gnid in wæter gnid swiðe þæt heo sy eall geleðred þweah mid þy leaðre þæt heafod gelome. 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot ii. i. 33 Their Horses..by excessive heats, continuall evaporations, and sweats..were laundred and ladder'd. 1713 J. Addison in Guardian 2 June 1/2 He would rubb and lather a Man's Head, till he had got out every thing that was in it. 1715 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Memorable Things Lost I. i. iv. 12 Cleaner and brighter, than if it had been..lather'd with a Wash-ball. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. viii. 49 He lathered my face. 1851 D. Jerrold St. Giles & St. James (new ed.) xxiii, in Writings I. 235 The self-same brush that had lathered the beard of that very vulgar man. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xvi. 273 Nello skipped round him, lathered him, seized him by the nose, and scraped him. 1917 P. Gibbs Battles of Somme 171 The enemy was ‘lathering’ the field of observation with every kind of ‘crump’ and shell. Proverb.1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. II. vii. 117 'Twas waste of soap to lather an ass. †b. absol. or intransitive. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. lii. 32 And for that j kan so wel wasshe, so wel lathere..hath god maad me his chambrere. 1630 J. Taylor Praise Cleane Linnen in Wks. ii. 169/1 For Laundresses are testy..When they are lathering in their bumble broth. †c. intransitive in quasi-passive sense. ΚΠ 1691 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 16 532 [They] put them over a Fire till they are more than Blood-warm; which will make them [skins] ladder and scour perfectly clean. 2. intransitive. To become covered with foam; now chiefly of a horse. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > effervesce [verb (intransitive)] > foam or froth > become covered with foam lathera1225 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [verb (intransitive)] > sweat foam1430 lather1884 a1225 Juliana 16 And beten hire swa luðere þat hire leofliche lich liðeri al oblode. [Similarly a1225 Leg. Kath. 1554.] a1225 St. Marher. 5 Hit brek oueral ant litherde o blode. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 3733 He swang in þan fihte þat he leþerede [c1275 Calig. lauede] a swote. 1884 St. James's Gaz. 1 May 7/1 Harvester..lathered a good deal before being saddled. 3. To produce and form a lather or froth. Said esp. of water when mixed with soap; also of soap. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing agents > [verb (intransitive)] > produce lather lather1600 suds1893 1600 R. Armin Foole vpon Foole sig. C1^v The trotting of his Mule made the mingled confection lather. 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 36 Water..such as..would lather well. 1715 J. Gay Epist. Earl Burlington 106 Our shirts her busy fingers rub, While the sope lathers oer the foaming tub. 1789 G. White Nat. Hist. Selborne 3 A fine limpid water..but which does not lather well with soap. 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 189 It [indurated lithomarga] does not lather, yet is detersive. 4. transitive. To spread on like lather. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > colour [verb (transitive)] > lay on a colour > thickly load1859 lather1885 1885 Manch. Examiner 10 Feb. 5/3 In other pictures coarse yellow paint appears to have been lathered on with a trowel. 5. To beat, thrash. Also intransitive with into. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > beat or flog [verb (intransitive)] lash1398 lather1797 vapulate1818 lam1875 larrup1939 society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat threshOE beatc1000 to lay on?c1225 chastise1362 rapa1400 dressc1405 lack?c1475 paya1500 currya1529 coil1530 cuff1530 baste1533 thwack1533 lick1535 firka1566 trounce1568 fight1570 course1585 bumfeage1589 feague1589 lamback1589 lambskin1589 tickle1592 thrash1593 lam1595 bumfeagle1598 comb1600 fer1600 linge1600 taw1600 tew1600 thrum1604 feeze1612 verberate1614 fly-flap1620 tabor1624 lambaste1637 feak1652 flog1676 to tan (a person's) hide1679 slipper1682 liquora1689 curry-comb1708 whack1721 rump1735 screenge1787 whale1790 lather1797 tat1819 tease1819 larrup1823 warm1824 haze1825 to put (a person) through a course of sprouts1839 flake1841 swish1856 hide1875 triangle1879 to give (a person or thing) gyp1887 soak1892 to loosen (a person's) hide1902 1797 Sporting Mag. 10 320 He was so well lathered that he was near his end. 1850 P. Crook War of Hats 54 The uxorious cleric too was..lathered with a cane. 1886 ‘M. Gray’ Silence of Dean Maitland I. v. 129 He was a latherin' into Hotspur [a horse] like mad. Derivatives ˈlathered adj. ΚΠ 1814 R. Southey Carmina Aulica in Poet. Wks. III. 315 When at the looking-glass with lather'd chin..I sit. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xvi. 287 The doctor had his lathered face turned towards the group. ˈlathering adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [adjective] > full of or covered with foam or froth foamyOE foaminga1400 spumingc1400 frothy?1531 spurging1566 fretting1567 fuming1598 white-mouthed1598 frory1600 yeastya1616 frothed1616 frothing1628 lathering1630 mantling1633 sudding1633 spumeous1635 spewy1743 spooming1818 despumatious1819 yeastinga1821 creaming1825 spumous1854 frothsome1880 lathery1880 bubblesome1946 1630 J. Taylor Praise Cleane Linnen Ded., in Wks. ii. 164 Not doubting but the lathering suds of your lennitie will wash away all such faults. 1647 H. More Insomn. Philos. i. 178 Her curbed steeds foaming out lavering tarre. ˈlatherer n. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > barbers and hairdressers > [noun] > who lathers lather-boy1898 latherer1899 1899 Westm. Gaz. 18 May 2/3 Boys employed as latherers in barbers' shops. Draft additions June 2018 lathered adj. Very sweaty from exertion or heat; spec. (of a horse) covered in white, frothy sweat (cf. lather n. 1c). Now chiefly of horses; of a person colloquial in later use and chiefly English regional (northern). ΚΠ 1782 Philos. Quixote II. xviii. 62 Thomas [sc. the porter] followed as fast as his legs could carry him; and you will easily conceive the lathered and breathless condition in which he arrived. 1796 ‘Juvenis’ Village Muse 41 The lather'd steed, forgetful of his toil, Stops the keen plough-share in the sluggish soil. 1852 New Monthly Mag. May 103 They turned their pumped and lathered horses to the grateful influence of the westerly breeze. 1877 London Society July 77/1 ‘Had a stiff run, sir?’ said he, as he stood at her [sc. a horse] head and glanced at her lathered shoulders. 1947 J. B. Yeats Careless Flower i. 27 I'll walk up and down it, cool down... I'm lathered right down into my boots. 1989 Washington Post 19 Feb. c16/3 If it's an Indian summer day, watch that the horse doesn't get too lathered. 2017 Lancs. Evening Post (Nexis) 5 Apr. I am lathered! The heat..is unbelievable. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022). > as lemmas ˈlather ˈlather n. one who fixes laths or makes lath-work. ΚΠ 1897 Daily News 8 Dec. 4/4 By employing lathers to do the lathing work instead of plasterers. extracted from lathv. lather † lather n. Obsolete one who invites or summons. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > one who summons lathera1175 citer1591 summonser1785 summoner1799 a1175 Cott. Hom. 235 An þesser laȝe of þe witȝin wer laðieres moche. a1175 Cott. Hom. 237 An þisser beoð bedeles and laðieres. [Cf. laver, lavier (Pembrokesh.): see E.D.D.] extracted from lathev. < n.c1000v.c950 as lemmas
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lathern.

Compounds

latherv.

Derivatives

Draft additions June 2018

> as lemmas