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单词 liquorice
释义

liquoricelicoricen.

Brit. /ˈlɪk(ə)rɪʃ/, /ˈlɪkərɪs/, U.S. /ˈlɪk(ə)rᵻʃ/, /ˈlɪk(ə)rᵻs/
Forms: Middle English licoriz, Middle English licorys, lycorys, Middle English lycorice, lycoryce, Middle English lycuryce, Middle English–1500s li-, lycores(se, Middle English–1600s li-, lycoris(e, (1500s lycoryse, lycoryze, lycorisse), 1500s likorice, lykorise, lickorise, licquoris, liquerise, lyqueryce, lyqueresse, li-, lycouresse, lycuresse, lykeres, liquoras, 1500s–1600s licoras, lycoras, liquoris, 1600s lichoras, licorish, liquirice, liqueres, lykyrrhize, licourice, 1600s–1700s liquorish, 1800s dialect lickerish, 1500s– licorice, 1600s– liquorice.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman lycorys, Old French *licorice, early modern French liquerice (Cotgrave), < late Latin liquiritia (whence Italian liquirizia, legorizia, Middle High German lakeritze, modern German lakritze, Dutch lakk(e)ris, Danish, Swedish lakrits), corruptly < Greek γλυκύρριζα (latinized glycyrrhiza by Pliny), < γλυκύς sweet + ῥίζα root. The Romance languages in general have metathetic forms of the late Latin word: Old French recolisse, regolisse, etc. (modern French réglisse), Provençal regalicia, Spanish regaliz(a, Portuguese regaliz, regalice, Italian regolizia.
1. The rhizome (also called liquorice-root) of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra. Also, a preparation (used medicinally and as a sweetmeat) made from the evaporated juice of this rhizome, and commonly sold in black cylindrical sticks; also called extract of liquorice, stick or Spanish liquorice, Spanish juice. Italian liquorice: a similar product obtained from Glycyrrhiza echinata.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > general plant-derived medicines
savineOE
liquoricec1275
verjuice1302
sandragon1334
sugar roset1363
acaciaa1398
agnus castusa1398
sebestenc1400
socotrine aloesa1425
tapsimelc1425
valencec1425
aconitum?a1450
hypericum1471
cassia1543
guaiacum1553
guaiac1558
butcher's broom1578
solanum1578
liquorice-stick1580
symphonia1597
tabasheer1598
diascord1605
orange-bead1626
oxymel of squills1654
Japonic earth1673
terebinthina1693
terebinthinate1696
pareira brava1698
rhabarbarate1716
Japan earth1718
buglossate1725
squill1725
phytolacca1730
nettle juice1747
xanthoxyloïn1767
mustard whey1769
Jesuits' drops1783
digitalis1785
arnica1788
mel-rose1790
gallic acid1791
valerian1794
sacred elixir1797
drosera1801
Spanish juice1803
mudar1819
sabadilla1821
parillin1825
mudarin1829
salicin1830
sang1843
peppermint camphor1854
pareira1855
savanilla1856
euonymin1862
menthol1862
phytolaccin1864
alstonia1868
agoniadin1870
guimauve1870
gelsemium1875
iridin1879
hazeline1880
tub-camphor1880
echinacea1887
jacaranda1887
hamamelin1890
quillain1890
vieirin1893
thiolin1894
mentha camphor1902
hamamelis1910
phytohaemagglutinin1949
adaptogen1966
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > plant used medicinally or as sweetmeat > [noun] > liquorice plant > liquorice root
liquoricec1275
gliciridec1420
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > liquorice
liquoricec1275
liquorice-stick1580
rigolice1580
glycyrize1599
Spanish liquorice1753
Pomfret?1780
Spanish juice1803
sugarallie1812
allsorts1851
sugarallie button1887
liquorice all-sorts1928
nigger baby1934
bootlace1935
liquorice bootlace1952
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > root > specific roots
zedoaryOE
madderOE
setwall?c1225
liquoricec1275
rhubarba1400
ireosc1400
liquorice-racec1400
sage root14..
maple root1523
liquorice-root1530
rhabarbarum1533
orris1545
turmeric1545
cypressc1550
pyrethrum1562
china1582
China root1588
orris root1598
red squill1629
ginseng1654
ague root1676
poke root1687
cassumunar1693
nettle root1707
valerian root1747
belly-ache-root1775
Indian root1775
Turkey rhubarb1789
sumbul1791
serpentaria1803
Honduras sarsaparilla1818
serpentary1837
sang1843
savanilla1856
manaca1866
gelsemium1875
sanguinaria1875
Indian turmeric1890
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8856 & gingiuere & licoriz he hom lefliche ȝef.
13.. K. Alis. 428 His love is al so swete, y-wis, So ever is mylk or licoris!
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 32 Such licoris mai leche from Lyne to Lone; Such sucre mon secheþ þat saneþ men sone.
1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 160 Commodytés..commynge out of Spayne,..Bene fygues And lycorys, Syvyle oyle, and grayne.
1519 W. Horman Vulgaria iv. f. 39v Lycuresse is good for the voyce.
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth xxii. sig. L.i Lyqueryce..doth loose fleume.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 356 Cheese made of Mares or Asses milk, and Licorice.
1613 F. Beaumont Knight of Burning Pestle i. sig. B3v Carry him this sticke of Licoras, tell him his Mistresse sent it him, and bid him bite a peece, 'twill open his pipes the better, say.
1613 in Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs (1870) II. 396 Ilk gritt ball of brissell annetseides and liqueres.
1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician xiv. 487 A Lambitive that consists of the Syrups of Lykyrrhize, violets [etc.].
1685 London Gaz. No. 2000/4 The Juyce of Liquorice of Blois..is sold at the two Pestles and Mortars in St. Martins Lane near Charing-Cross.
1753 Philos. Trans. 1751–2 (Royal Soc.) 47 77 Their poison..has a great deal of resemblance with Spanish liquorice.
1761 J. Wesley Primitive Physick (ed. 9) 35 Use Water wherein sliced Liquorice is steeped.
1840 F. Marryat Poor Jack viii. 42 Don't eat the stick liquorice.
1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. vi. 60 I cough sometimes in the winter-weather, and father gives me lickerish.
1875 Ld. Tennyson Queen Mary iii. i. 109 He hath a yellow beard... Like a carrot's,..and English carrot's better than Spanish licorice.
figurative.1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 164 O the sugarcandy of the delicate bagpipe there: and ô the licorise of the diuine dulcimers there.
2. The leguminous plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, the dried rhizome of which is the liquorice of commerce. Applied also to other species, esp. G. echinata.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > plant used medicinally or as sweetmeat > [noun] > liquorice plant
liquorice1548
1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. D.iiij Glycyrrhiza called in latin Radix dulcis is named in english Lycores, in duch Sueszholtz, or Lycoris or Clarish.
1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 50 Of Licorise. Lycorise is so saide, especially through the Greeke word, for that it hath a sweete roote.
1576 Surv. in Antiq. Rep. (1809) IV. 424 Gardinges and Orchettes wharin growes..Cherries, Wallnutes & also Licores.
1588 R. Greene Pandosto Ep. Ded. sig. A2 Vnicornes being glutted with brousing on roots of Licquoris.
1654 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 316 All marsh ground till we came to Brigg, famous for the plantations of licorice.
1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 31 You may, if a deep mould, plant them [certain lands] with liquorish.
1811 D. Lysons Environs of London Suppl. 448 About ten acres of licorice have lately been planted in the parishes of Barnes and Mortlake.
1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 91 The roots of the liquorice contain an abundance of a sweet subacrid mucilaginous juice.
1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 243 Liquorice is a native of Italy, Spain, Sicily, and the southern parts of Europe.
3. Applied, with qualifying epithet, to various plants, the roots of which resemble or are used as substitutes for the true liquorice, as English liquorice, Indian liquorice, mountain liquorice, wild liquorice (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > plant used medicinally or as sweetmeat > [noun] > liquorice plant > plants resembling
liquorice1548
1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. H.iiij Regalicum..maye be called in englishe mocke Licores, because the leaues are lyke Licores.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique 6 E ij/1 Put to it as much of the fine Powder of Bole Armoniack and English Liquorish..as will make it up into a stiff Paste.
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Liquorice, Wild, Astragalus; Caperaria; Glycine.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 687/2 Wild liquorice, Abrus; also an American name for Galium circæzans.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
liquorice all-sorts n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > liquorice
liquoricec1275
liquorice-stick1580
rigolice1580
glycyrize1599
Spanish liquorice1753
Pomfret?1780
Spanish juice1803
sugarallie1812
allsorts1851
sugarallie button1887
liquorice all-sorts1928
nigger baby1934
bootlace1935
liquorice bootlace1952
1928 Sweet Shop Nov. p. ii (advt.) Original Liquorice All Sorts.
1931 W. Holtby Poor Caroline iii. 76 Pink sugared hazel nuts, and Liquorice All Sorts.
1946 R.A.F. Jrnl. May 162 His C.O...with the broad ring and a row of gongs that reminded Joe of liquorice all-sorts.
liquorice drop n.
ΚΠ
1906 ‘O. Henry’ Four Million (1916) 173 Liquorice drops—the kind that make your cheek look like the toothache.
1967 R. Mackay House & Day 74 Have you licorice drops?
liquorice jujube n.
ΚΠ
1891 Confectioners' Union 4 530 (advt.) Goods packed in 4 lb. boxes..Bright liquorice jujubes.
liquorice lozenge n.
ΚΠ
1857 J. A. Symonds Let. 25 Jan. (1967) I. 86 Will you send me also another box of Liquorice Lozenges.
1893 Official Catal. Internat. Manufacturing Confectioners Exhib. 60 (advt.) Linseed Liquorice and Chlorodyne Lozenges.
liquorice lump n.
ΚΠ
1926 ‘R. Crompton’ William—the Conqueror iii. 54 Large paper bags of bullseyes, liquorice lumps, barley sugar and chocolate cigars.
liquorice-planter n.
ΚΠ
1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 lx. 256 Liquorice-planters in Yorkshire and Surry.
† liquorice-race n. Obsolete
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > root > specific roots
zedoaryOE
madderOE
setwall?c1225
liquoricec1275
rhubarba1400
ireosc1400
liquorice-racec1400
sage root14..
maple root1523
liquorice-root1530
rhabarbarum1533
orris1545
turmeric1545
cypressc1550
pyrethrum1562
china1582
China root1588
orris root1598
red squill1629
ginseng1654
ague root1676
poke root1687
cassumunar1693
nettle root1707
valerian root1747
belly-ache-root1775
Indian root1775
Turkey rhubarb1789
sumbul1791
serpentaria1803
Honduras sarsaparilla1818
serpentary1837
sang1843
savanilla1856
manaca1866
gelsemium1875
sanguinaria1875
Indian turmeric1890
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 183 Liquericie rase g iij.
liquorice-root n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > plant used in medicine > root > specific roots
zedoaryOE
madderOE
setwall?c1225
liquoricec1275
rhubarba1400
ireosc1400
liquorice-racec1400
sage root14..
maple root1523
liquorice-root1530
rhabarbarum1533
orris1545
turmeric1545
cypressc1550
pyrethrum1562
china1582
China root1588
orris root1598
red squill1629
ginseng1654
ague root1676
poke root1687
cassumunar1693
nettle root1707
valerian root1747
belly-ache-root1775
Indian root1775
Turkey rhubarb1789
sumbul1791
serpentaria1803
Honduras sarsaparilla1818
serpentary1837
sang1843
savanilla1856
manaca1866
gelsemium1875
sanguinaria1875
Indian turmeric1890
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 239/1 Lycorice rote, reclice.
1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. ii. 480 Sliced liquorice root.
liquorice-runner n.
ΚΠ
1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 lx. 253 Some liquorice runners, or sets are to be procured.
liquorice-set n.
liquorice-soup n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > other soups
breec1000
mortressc1387
cretone?a1400
mortrelc1400
primrosea1450
water-kale?a1500
white broth?1537
plum broth1614
mutton broth1615
veal brotha1625
nettle-kale?c1625
China-broth1628
bisque1647
beer-broth1648
dilligrout1662
nativity broth1674
sowdyc1700
mandarin broth1701
white soup1708
soup-vermicell1724
soup-meagre1733
burgoo1743
sago-gruel1743
soup maigre1754
vermicelli soup1769
vermicelli1771
noodle soup1779
mock turtle soup1783
pepper-water1783
mulligatawny1784
powsowdie1787
macaroni soup1789
bird's nest soup1806
smiggins1825
garbure1829
pish-pash1834
laksa1846
sancocho1851
ajiaco1856
pepper soup1860
liquorice-soup1864
mock turtle1876
borsch1884
petite marmite1890
whey-brose1894
rassolnik1899
lokshen soup1900
menudo1904
hoosh1905
sinigang1912
waterzooi1915
Cullen Skink1916
swallow's nest soup1920
mizutaki1933
rasam1933
pasta fazool1935
pho1935
pasta fagioli1951
stracciatella1954
solyanka1958
tom yam1960
mannish water1968
pasta e fagioli1968
ribollita1968
tom yam kung1969
1864 Daily Tel. 10 Mar. The liquorice soup and fat pork which constitute the usual diet at the hotel.
liquorice toffee n.
ΚΠ
1930 Confectioners' Union Directory Trade Marks & Trade Names 18/2 (advt.) Buttered Liquorice Toffee in Dainty Pieces.
liquorice treasure n.
ΚΠ
1924 ‘R. Crompton’ William—the Fourth viii. 125 ‘Have a liquorice treasure?’ she said.
liquorice-tree n.
ΚΠ
1882 A. J. C. Hare in Good Words Mar. 186 The rich plain sprinkled with liquorice-trees.
liquorice-water n.
ΚΠ
1860 C. Dickens Great Expectations ii, in All Year Round 1 Dec. 174/1 That intoxicating fluid, Spanish-liquorice-water.
1865 Athenæum No. 1984. 614/2 A glass of liquorice-water.
1913 C. Mackenzie Sinister St. I. iv. 59 They used to go calling up and down, ‘Fine liquorice-water!.. Bring out your pins and have a bottle of liquorice-water.’
1960 Guardian 6 Dec. 7/2 The bottles of liquorice-water which provided grog for his young games of pirates.
liquorice-wood n.
ΚΠ
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Ligorítia, the Lycorice-wood.
C2.
liquorice bootlace n. = bootlace n. c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > liquorice
liquoricec1275
liquorice-stick1580
rigolice1580
glycyrize1599
Spanish liquorice1753
Pomfret?1780
Spanish juice1803
sugarallie1812
allsorts1851
sugarallie button1887
liquorice all-sorts1928
nigger baby1934
bootlace1935
liquorice bootlace1952
1952 Blackwood's Mag. July 30/2 Lollipops, pincushions, liquorice boot-laces, bottles of home-made wine.
1956 ‘R. Crompton’ William & Space Animal v. 135 Doughnuts an' trifle an' liqu'rice boot laces.
liquorice juice n. the juice extracted from liquorice root, esp. as dried and prepared for use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > plant juices
honey1558
liquorice juice1657
cassareep1807
Solazzi juice1861
chicle1915
1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Bbb4v* Of Liquorice Juyce.
1838 Penny Cycl. XI. 279/1 Good liquorice juice is black, dry, easily broken.., with a shining fracture.
liquorice mass n.
liquorice paste n. ‘crude liquorice’ ( Cent. Dict.).
liquorice powder n. ground liquorice root, used as an aperient.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > plant-derived
scammonyc1000
lign-aloesc1374
hiera picra1379
rhubarbc1390
aloea1398
cassia fistulaa1398
coloquintidaa1398
senec1400
turpethc1400
coloquintc1420
diagrydium1436
lignum aloes1525
rhabarbarum1533
xylaloes1540
manna1541
scilla1548
hyera?1550
emblic1555
diasenna1562
colocynth1565
tragonce1575
pinyon1577
mechoacan1587
lignum aquilae1600
gamboge1615
dragon-root1621
helleborism1621
diaprune1625
alhandal1630
makinboy1652
luskard1653
diagrydiate1657
physic nut1657
aloetic1661
scammoniate1665
jalap1675
aloedary1683
coloquinto1683
Briançon manna1688
liquorice powder1712
coloquintid1732
castor oil1746
senna-tea1752
higry pigry1773
Turkey rhubarb1789
argel1803
hickery-pickery1816
cathartin1823
aloin1828
croton oil1829
jalapin1832
syrmaea1833
bryonin1836
gambogic acid1837
Podophyllum1844
podophyllin1851
geropiga1852
hicra picra1857
Montpellier turpeth1860
picra1860
tallicoona oil1866
scammonin1868
pharbitisin1873
cascara sagrada1879
senna-draught1879
tambor-oil1890
syrup of figs1897
pharbitin1899
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 328. ⁋3 When I had occasion to buy Treacle or Liquorish Power [sic] at the apothecary's shop.
liquorice-stick n. (a) = stick liquorice at sense 1; (b) Jazz slang a clarinet.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > general plant-derived medicines
savineOE
liquoricec1275
verjuice1302
sandragon1334
sugar roset1363
acaciaa1398
agnus castusa1398
sebestenc1400
socotrine aloesa1425
tapsimelc1425
valencec1425
aconitum?a1450
hypericum1471
cassia1543
guaiacum1553
guaiac1558
butcher's broom1578
solanum1578
liquorice-stick1580
symphonia1597
tabasheer1598
diascord1605
orange-bead1626
oxymel of squills1654
Japonic earth1673
terebinthina1693
terebinthinate1696
pareira brava1698
rhabarbarate1716
Japan earth1718
buglossate1725
squill1725
phytolacca1730
nettle juice1747
xanthoxyloïn1767
mustard whey1769
Jesuits' drops1783
digitalis1785
arnica1788
mel-rose1790
gallic acid1791
valerian1794
sacred elixir1797
drosera1801
Spanish juice1803
mudar1819
sabadilla1821
parillin1825
mudarin1829
salicin1830
sang1843
peppermint camphor1854
pareira1855
savanilla1856
euonymin1862
menthol1862
phytolaccin1864
alstonia1868
agoniadin1870
guimauve1870
gelsemium1875
iridin1879
hazeline1880
tub-camphor1880
echinacea1887
jacaranda1887
hamamelin1890
quillain1890
vieirin1893
thiolin1894
mentha camphor1902
hamamelis1910
phytohaemagglutinin1949
adaptogen1966
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > liquorice
liquoricec1275
liquorice-stick1580
rigolice1580
glycyrize1599
Spanish liquorice1753
Pomfret?1780
Spanish juice1803
sugarallie1812
allsorts1851
sugarallie button1887
liquorice all-sorts1928
nigger baby1934
bootlace1935
liquorice bootlace1952
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > woodwind instruments > [noun] > reed instrument > clarinet
clarionet1785
clarinet1796
gob stick1914
liquorice-stick1935
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Vn friquet,..also a lickorous sticke.
1782 J. Mill Diary (1889) 67 A decoction of 2 oz. lint-seed, 2 do. of Liquorish-stick bruised and boiled.
1879 B. F. Taylor Summer-savory xvii. 138 And you find it, the variety store of a hundred years ago, where needles and crowbars, goose yokes and finger-rings, liquorice-stick and leather are to be had for cash or ‘dicker’.
1935 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Nov. 71/3 Agony pipe, wop stick, and licorice stick for clarinet.
1958 N. D. Hinton in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xxx. 39 I have found a common belief that jazzmen refer to a clarinet as a ‘licorice stick’... Jazz musicians do in fact use these terms..in a very peculiar way.
1967 C. Drummond Death at Furlong Post iv. 39 Bee dispensed liquorice sticks..and fizzy drinks.
liquorice vetch n. Astragalus glycyphyllus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > milk-vetch
astragalus1548
sea trefoil1548
sea trifoly1548
milk-vetch1597
liquorice vetch1640
prairie pea1848
sweet milk-vetch1860
buffalo-bean1906
1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 1098 The most common Licoris Vetch.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I Astragalus, Wild Liquorice, or Liquorice Vetch.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I Apios, the knobbed rooted Virginian Liquorice-Vetch.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Liquorice-Vetch, the English name of a genus of plants, known among botanists by that of glycine.
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Liquorice Vetch, Astragalus.
1882 Garden 24 June 439/1 In the hedges you may very occasionally meet with a rare plant..known by the not inappropriate name of Liquorice Vetch.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
liquorice weed n. a tropical plant, Scoparia dulcis ( Cent. Dict.)
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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