单词 | lithe |
释义 | † lithen.1 Obsolete. A calm, lull; figurative respite. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > temporary cessation of activity or operation > [noun] > (a) respite spalea1250 lithec1300 respitec1330 sabbath1398 vacationc1425 respetta1450 respectc1450 repose?1549 intermission1576 bait1580 sob1593 respiration1611 vacation1614 suspension1645 relaxation1728 relax1733 the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > [noun] > consolation or relief lightingOE leathc1175 comfort?c1225 solacec1290 solacec1290 lithec1300 comfortingc1320 allegeancec1325 swaging1340 froa1350 releasec1350 consolationc1374 legeancec1390 reliefa1393 comfortationa1400 leathinga1400 swagea1400 allegementa1425 alleviation?a1425 recreation?a1425 refrigery?a1425 lighteningc1425 recomfortc1425 mitigation?1435 recomforting1487 recreancea1500 allevation1502 easement1533 solacy1534 ease1542 cheer1549 assuagement1561 refreshing1561 easing1580 recomfortation1585 recomforture1595 assuage1596 allevement1599 mitification1607 allayment1609 solagement1609 levation1656 solacement1721 solation1757 soulagement1777 consolement1797 de-tension1949 de-tensioning1952 tea and sympathy1953 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun] > short spell of > in a storm lithec1300 lucid interval1656 lull1815 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 147 Ne he ne mouchte no lyþe gete. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 310/1 Lyye, or lythe, and calme wedyr, malacia. DerivativesΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > gentleness or mildness > [adjective] > of actions or language mildOE lithefullc1275 mildlyc1275 faira1300 unmalicious1605 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 633 He þonkede hire ȝeorne mid liðfulle worden. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2021). lithen.2 Obsolete exc. dialect. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > oatmeal oatmeal1381 havermealc1440 lithe1688 round meal1792 Quaker Oats1889 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 83/1 Lyth, or Lything, is Oatmeal or bruised Groats that thickens Broth. 1899 Cumbld. Gloss. Lythe, oatmeal and water mixed smooth and added to broth to thicken it. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online December 2020). lithen.3 Scottish. Warm shelter. ΚΠ 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess 54 She frae onie bield was far awa', Except stane sides, an' they had little lythe. 1868 G. MacDonald Robert Falconer II. 195 Come into the lythe o' the bank here. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). litheadj.ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > calmness > meekness or mildness > [adjective] stillc825 tamec888 mildeOE lithea1000 daftc1000 meekc1325 lambishc1374 meeklyc1375 benign1377 temperatec1380 quieta1382 gall-lessa1398 mansuetea1425 meeta1425 unwrathful1542 rageless1578 lamb-like?1592 mildya1603 milky1602 pigeon-livered1604 placid1614 spleenless?1615 passive1616 unprovokable1646 milken1648 uncaptious1661 stomachless1727 unindignant1789 pianoa1817 ireless1829 unquarrelsome1830 quiet-goinga1835 uncholeric1834 unoffendable1839 baby-milda1845 quiet-tempered1846 turtlish1855 pathic1857 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > gentleness or mildness > [adjective] stillc825 tamec888 nesheOE mildeOE softOE lithea1000 daftc1000 methefulOE sefteOE meekc1175 benign1377 pleasablea1382 mytha1400 tendera1400 unfelona1400 mansuetea1425 meeta1425 gentlec1450 moy1487 placablea1522 facile1539 effeminate1594 silver1596 mildya1603 unmalicious1605 uncruel1611 maliceless1614 tender-hefteda1616 unpersecutive1664 baby-milda1845 rose water1855 turtlish1855 unvindictive1857 soft-boiled1859 tenderful1901 soft-lining1967 OE Beowulf 3182 Manna mildust..leodum liðost. a1000 Apollonius of Tyre (1834) 2/25 Ða cliopode heo hi hire to mid liðere spræce. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) v. 5 Eadige synt þa liðan. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7754 Forr lamb iss soffte & stille deor. & liþe & mec & milde. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 315 Swich ach wummone lare to beon. luuelich & liðe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2455 Þu eært me swiðe iliðe [c1300 Otho liþe]. & ich þe leouie swiðe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2 He wes Leouenaðes sone liðe [c1300 Otho lef] him beo Drihten. a1325 Prose Psalter cxliv. [cxlv.] 9 Our Lord is liþe to alle. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9706 The first of þo fre, þat to þe freike said, Was Vlyxes, the lord, with his lythe wordes. 2. a. Of things, chiefly material things: Mild, soft; also, agreeable, mellow, pleasant. Of a medicine: Gentle in operation. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > [adjective] lithec888 merroweOE neshOE tender?c1225 softa1250 unharda1300 supplec1325 melchc1350 unsad1398 slobbery?a1425 lushc1440 mulch?1440 gentle1555 mellow1577 softly1589 tenerous1598 siddow1601 maumy1728 frush1848 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > [adjective] > pleasing to the senses lithec888 fairOE softOE lickerousc1275 deliciousa1325 kindlya1382 favourablea1398 kinda1398 sugared1426 feelsomea1450 agreeablec1450 comfortablec1460 favourousc1485 grateful1553 sugar candy1575 lickerish1595 savouring1595 maumy1728 tasty1796 lekker1900 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [adjective] > relating to powers or effects of drugs > mild lithec1400 gentle1534 benign1638 mild1652 unirritant1822 bland1835 soft1959 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xl. §3 Hwæðer him cume þe reðu w[y]rd þe liðu. OE Genesis 211 Fægere leohte þæt liðe land lago yrnende. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 129 Ðet weter of egipte wes liðe and swete. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 707 Water þai asked swiþe... Wit mete and drink liþe. c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame i. 118 To make lythe of that was harde. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 87 If þe quytture be þicke & towȝ, þanne is þe medicyn to liþe. c1400 Rom. Rose 3762 The savour soft and lythe Strook to myn herte withoute more. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 172 How lythe and cheerfull would the soule be in going to Zoar out of Sodome. 1664 H. Spelman Glossarium (at cited word) Ledo, lenis (nobis hodie, Lithe). 1844 W. Thom Rhymes & Recoll. 72 They miss the lythe licht o' their May. 1878 R. W. Thom Jock o' Knowe 56 (E.D.D.) Lithe Time stole away. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [adjective] > calm (of weather, climate, or the elements) smoltc950 lithec1275 still1390 smoothc1402 peaceablec1425 calmc1440 serenousc1440 lownc1485 stormlessc1500 serene1508 calm-winded1577 unwindy1580 calmy1587 sleek1603 halcedonian1611 pacific1633 settled1717 unstormy1823 untempested1846 placable1858 untempestuous1864 unrestless1919 the world > matter > liquid > water > [adjective] > properties or characteristics of water > still, calm, smooth, or without current stillOE deada1000 lithec1275 smoothc1374 unruffled1710 unrippled1775 streamless1863 streamline1907 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12075 Þa..þat gras was riue and þat water wes liðe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3611 Þat weder wes swiðe liðe. a1300 E.E. Psalter cvi. 29 His stremes leften lithe. a1400 Coer de L. 4859 The wynd gan wexe lythe. a1440 Sir Eglam. 1056 To the see they went fulle yare And passyd the watur lythe. c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 348 The wedur was lythe of le. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 297/1 in Chron. I It proued so lythe a day, without appearance of any tempest to ensue. c. Comfortable, genial, sheltered, warm. Scottish. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > physical comfort > [adjective] > snug or comfortable (of places) lithe1488 lowna1522 bein1533 close1571 snod1695 snugging1701 snugc1718 tosie1720 canny1737 cosy1786 fiel1792 snuggish1818 familyish1824 nest-like1864 hygge1963 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 276 Syn in a bed thai brocht him fair and lyth. a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 417 Sche toke vp hur sone to hur And lapped hyt full lythe. a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 139 Like thee they scoug frae street or field, An' hap them in a lyther bield. 1867 G. W. Donald Poems 218 Licht an' lythe wes Peggie's bosom. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xi. 82 They're fine lythe parks, an' ear tee; beasts mith live o' them throu the winter naar. 1884 D. Grant Lays & Legends of North 274 Winter drives them o'er the sea To seek the lyther land. 3. Easily bent; flexible, limber, pliant, supple. (The current sense, the only one in Johnson.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > pliableness > [adjective] tougha700 lithyc1000 softc1330 weak?a1366 plianta1382 persha1398 plyinga1398 lithec1400 supplec1400 plicable?a1425 curvable?1440 lethec1440 scretec1440 pliablec1475 bowable1483 bowing1483 waldinc1485 supple1513 flexible1548 limber1565 lither1565 bending1567 osier1577 wiry1588 buxom1590 withy1598 suppliable1599 renderingc1600 fluxible1607 winding1609 bendable1611 flippant1622 flexive1629 flexile1633 maniable1633 compliant1667 flectible1705 limp1706 yieldy1757 complying1774 limberly1782 willowy1791 switchy1810 wandy1825 twistable1853 bendsome1861 whippy1867 swack1868 bendy1873 c1400 St. Alexius (Laud 622) 6 Of bodies stronge & liȝth. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Feb. 74 His dewelap as lythe, as lasse of Kent. 1599 Withals' Dict. 109 b The bills of birds we see full oft, Whiles they bee yong are lith and soft. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 347 Th' unwieldy Elephant..wreathd His Lithe Proboscis. View more context for this quotation 1667 R. Norwood in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 567 To the Harping-Iron is made fast a strong lythe rope. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxvi. 85 Like the leaf, That bows its lithe top till the blast is blown. 1833 Ld. Tennyson Poems 36 As lithe eels over meadows gray Oft shift their glimmering pool by night. 1853 W. C. Bryant Poems (new ed.) 65 The perjurer, Whose tongue was lithe, e'en now, and voluble Against his neighbour's life. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxi. 106 He more lithe than a vine amid Trees. 4. Of broth, soup, etc.: Smooth, thick. dialect. ΚΠ a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 259 Stir it up quick with your hands, like a lith pudding. 1805 J. Stagg Misc. Poems (ed. 2) 146 Bit swoaps o' drink an guod lythe keale. Compounds In combinations. ΚΠ 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xv. 839 Or swans lithe-necked grazing the river's verge. 1897 Daily News 26 May 9 There are sixteen of them..tall, lithe-looking sun-burnt figures. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † lithev.1 Obsolete. intransitive. To go, pass; in Old English esp. to go by sea, to sail. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] nimeOE becomec885 teec888 goeOE i-goc900 lithec900 wendeOE i-farec950 yongc950 to wend one's streetOE fare971 i-wende971 shakeOE winda1000 meteOE wendOE strikec1175 seekc1200 wevec1200 drawa1225 stira1225 glidea1275 kenc1275 movec1275 teemc1275 tightc1275 till1297 chevec1300 strake13.. travelc1300 choosec1320 to choose one's gatea1325 journeyc1330 reachc1330 repairc1330 wisec1330 cairc1340 covera1375 dressa1375 passa1375 tenda1375 puta1382 proceedc1392 doa1400 fanda1400 haunta1400 snya1400 take?a1400 thrilla1400 trace?a1400 trinea1400 fangc1400 to make (also have) resortc1425 to make one's repair (to)c1425 resort1429 ayrec1440 havea1450 speer?c1450 rokec1475 wina1500 hent1508 persevere?1521 pursuec1540 rechec1540 yede1563 bing1567 march1568 to go one's ways1581 groyl1582 yode1587 sally1590 track1590 way1596 frame1609 trickle1629 recur1654 wag1684 fadge1694 haul1802 hike1809 to get around1849 riddle1856 bat1867 biff1923 truck1925 the world > movement > progressive motion > move along [verb (intransitive)] goeOE lithec900 nimOE fare971 shakeOE strikea1000 gangOE gengOE seekc1000 glidea1275 wevec1300 hove1390 drevea1400 sway?a1400 wainc1540 discoursea1547 yede1563 trot1612 to get along1683 locomove1792 locomote1831 society > travel > travel by water > [verb (intransitive)] sailc893 lithec900 fleetc1275 ship13.. assailc1450 waft?a1562 sneir1568 sulk1579 single1587 navigate1588 waff1611 passage1791 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iii. xiv. [xix.] 218 Þa forlet he þa mægðe & ofer sæ lað in Gallia rice. OE Beowulf 221 Ða liðende land gesawon. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8434 Inn till whillc ende off all þatt land He badd himm þanne liþenn. c1205–75 Laȝamon Brut. [passim: see Glossary ]. DerivativesΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > action or motion of vessel > [adjective] > making progress lithingc1275 nosing1864 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 474 Alle þa liðinde scipen þe on his londe beoð. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † lithev.2 Obsolete. 1. transitive. To render ‘lithe’, i.e. gentle or mild; to influence (a person) gently; to relax (fetters); to assuage, mitigate (grief, pain); to relieve, soothe; to render (a limb) supple; to bend, subdue (persons, their passions). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > mitigate or alleviate lithec897 lighteOE lissea1000 stillc1000 alightOE alithe?a1200 softc1225 swagec1330 abate?c1335 easea1374 accoya1375 allegea1375 stintc1374 slakea1387 assuage1393 planea1400 slecka1400 plasterc1400 soften?c1415 lighten?a1425 mitigate?a1425 relievec1425 asoftc1430 alleviate?a1475 allevya1500 sletcha1500 alleve1544 allevate1570 salve?1577 sweetena1586 smooth1589 disembitter1622 deleniate1623 slaken1629 tranquillitate1657 soothe1711 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > loosening or unfastening > loosen, unfasten, or untie [verb (transitive)] > unbind or unclasp lithec897 unclasp1603 the world > life > the body > loose or stiff condition > [verb (transitive)] leesea1325 lithe1362 unloosec1390 relax?a1425 supple1526 supply1534 nimble1581 relaxate1598 lax1661 limber1748 unstiffen1855 untense1970 the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > assuage or calm laya1300 disarm?c1400 lithec1430 mitigatea1513 charmc1540 hush1632 assopiatea1649 society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)] pindeOE steerc950 hold971 forbidc1000 withstewc1175 withholdc1200 stewa1225 crempa1250 bistintc1300 i-stillc1315 withdraw1340 entemperc1380 rebukec1380 forfenda1382 refraina1382 refrainc1390 restraina1393 restayc1400 retainc1415 to hold abackc1440 overholda1450 reclaim?c1450 revokec1450 bedwynge1480 sniba1500 repressa1525 rein1531 inhibit1535 to keep back1535 cohibit1544 reprimec1550 lithe1552 to rein up1574 check1581 embridle1583 to rein in1593 retrench1594 refrenate1599 to hold back1600 snip1601 becheck1605 sneap1611 trasha1616 supersede1645 reprimand1689 snape1691 to clap a guy on1814 to pull up1861 to pull in1893 withstrain1904 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xvii. 124 Ðis is ðearf ðæt se se þe wunde lacnian wille geote win on..& eft ele, ðæt se hie liðe & hæle. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 95 Shereðures~daies absolucion liðe þe sinne bendes. 13.. K. Alis. 2797 The saut com so thikke and swithe, That no weryng ne myghte heom lithe. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vii. 183 Lome mennes limes weore lyþet þat tyme. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 726 (754) He þat wont here wo was for to lyþe, She mot for-gon. a1400–50 Alexander 3754 To lithe vs all if þou limpes na louyng þou gettis. c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 7721 Hir angre she gan ther to lithe. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. ii. xii. f. 117 Ye haly spreit..be his grace lythis & turnis our hart to God. 1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket vi. 291 England..hath now suppled, lythed, and stretched their throates. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 313 Giue me also faith, Lord,..to lythe, to forme, and to accommodate my spirit and members. 2. To render ‘lithe’ or thick; to thicken (broth, etc.). Also transferred. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > thicken lye?c1390 lirec1560 lithe1674 1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 30 Lithe the pot, i.e. put Oatmeal into it. 1711 W. Storr Bk. Rem. in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. 7 58 Lithe it with bean meal as hot as can be bidden. 1808 R. Bald Gen. View Coal Trade Scotl. i. 13 The coalmasters frequently inquired if the sinkers were lything the water, that is, making it of a thick and muddy colour by their operations. 1867 B. Brierley Marlocks of Merriton iii. 69 The old woman was engaged in ‘lithing’ the broth. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2021). lithev.3 Obsolete exc. archaic and dialect. intransitive. To hearken, listen. Const. dative, or to, unto (at, till). Also, to hear of (a thing). Occasionally quasi-transitive with object a thing. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (intransitive)] > listen listenc950 hearkena1000 listc1000 lithea1225 yliþea1300 intendc1380 hear1382 to have or give a lista1400 to give audience (to)c1405 a1225 Juliana 73 Lvsteð me leoue men & liðeð ane hwile. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1400 Liþes nou alle to me, Louerdinges. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2077 Quað ðis bred-wrigte, ‘liðeð nu me’. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 67 How þe gamen ȝede lithe I salle ȝow seie. c1330 Amis & Amil. 429 Hir name was cleped Belisaunt, As ye may lithe at me. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xi. 65 To lithen here laies and here loueliche notes. a1400–50 Alexander 5023 Þan list him lithe of his lyfe & of his last ende. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1810 Theis newe made knyghttez Lythes vn-to the crye. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1719 Thenne watȝ hit list vpon lif to lyþen þe houndeȝ. c1400 Tale of Gamelyn 1 Litheth and lesteneth and herkeneth aright. ?c1450 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. ix. 228 Lythe and I shall tell them the. ?a1500 Ballad, Adam Bell, etc. i. 17 Now lithe and listen, gentlemen That of mirth loueth to heare! 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. dv Lufly ledis in land lythis me til. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 133 Now lythis off ane gentill knycht, Schir Thomas Norny. 1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 132 Thou mun not take petition (lithen me) Nor entertaine him, till thou take thy fee. 1683 G. Meriton York-shire Dialogue in Pure Nat. Dial. 4 Lythe yee, Lythe yee! How fondley you tawke. 1807 J. Stagg Misc. Poems (new ed.) 20 Monny a sleepless night she past,..As she lythe'd the lengthnin' blast. 1840 R. H. Barham Witches' Frolic in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 162 One tale I remember of mickle dread—Now lithe and listen, my little boy Ned. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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