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单词 longing
释义

longingn.1

Brit. /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlɔŋɪŋ/, /ˈlɑŋɪŋ/
Forms: see long v.1 and -ing suffix1; also Middle English longeyng, Middle English longgyng.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: long v.1, -ing suffix1.
Etymology: < long v.1 + -ing suffix1.
1. Lengthening of duration, prolonging; delay. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun]
longingeOE
bideOE
abodec1225
bodea1300
demura1300
dwella1300
litinga1300
delayc1300
delayingc1300
demurrancec1300
but honec1325
without ensoignec1325
abidec1330
dretchingc1330
dwellingc1330
essoinc1330
tarrying1340
litea1350
delaymenta1393
respitea1393
oversettinga1398
delayancea1400
delitea1400
lingeringa1400
stounding?a1400
sunyiea1400
targea1400
train?a1400
deferring14..
dilation14..
dayc1405
prolongingc1425
spacec1430
adjourningc1436
retardationc1437
prolongation?a1439
training1440
adjournment1445
sleuthingc1450
tarry1451
tarriance1460
prorogation1476
oversetc1485
tarriage1488
debaid1489
supersedement1492
superseding1494
off-putting1496
postponing1496
tract1503
dilating1509
sparinga1513
hafting1519
sufferance1523
tracking1524
sticking1525
stay1530
pause1532
protraction1535
tracting1535
protract of time1536
protracting1540
postposition1546
staying1546
procrastination1548
difference1559
surceasing1560
tardation1568
detract1570
detracting1572
tarryment1575
rejourning1578
detraction1579
longness1579
rejournment1579
holding1581
reprieving1583
cunctation1585
retarding1585
retardance1586
temporizing1587
by and by1591
suspensea1592
procrastinatinga1594
tardance1595
linger1597
forslacking1600
morrowing1602
recess1603
deferment1612
attendance1614
put-off1623
adjournal1627
fristing1637
hanging-up1638
retardment1640
dilatoriness1642
suspension1645
stickagea1647
tardidation1647
transtemporation1651
demurragea1656
prolatation1656
prolation1656
moration1658
perendination1658
offput1730
retardure1751
postponement1757
retard1781
traverse1799
tarrowing1832
mañana1845
temporization1888
procrastinativeness1893
deferral1895
traa dy liooar1897
stalling1927
heel-tapping1949
off-put1970
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) v. 41 Ðæt hi beoð on ælengum ðingum & ælcre longunge geðyldige.
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark xii. 40 Qui deuorant domos uiduarum sub obtentu prolixae orationis hi accipient prolixius iudicium : ða ðe offreattas huso widwuana under sceawung longunga uel longes gebeddes ðas onfoað uneðlic uel lengra dom.
2.
a. The condition or fact of feeling strong desire; yearning. Formerly also: †sorrow, distress, anxiety (obsolete). Frequently with for (also after, †to) or followed by to-infinitive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun]
ondeeOE
yearningeOE
longingOE
forlonginga1250
mourningc1300
yering13..
eye-seke?c1500
panting1580
greening1584
smackeringa1586
brame1590
languora1599
earning1603
lingering1608
yawning1635
tantalizing1640
slavering1642
longingness1651
tantalization1654
twittering1668
hankering1678
honing1725
lech1796
yearna1797
languishment1817
yearningness1839
hanker1881
tantalizingness1889
yen1906
OE Seafarer 47 A hafað longunge se þe on lagu fundað.
OE Blickling Homilies 131 Ne mæg þæt na beon þæt þa bearn þe unbliþran ne syn, & langunga nabban æfter þæm freondum.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 27 Þe godfrihte..habbeð longinge to heuene.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 869 (MED) Ne singe ih hom no foliot, For al me song is of longinge..Þat mon bi me hine biþenche Þat he groni for his unwrenche.
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 34 Wiþ longyng y am lad, on molde y waxe mad, a maide marreþ me.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1009 Youre oghne liege men..That live in longinge and desir Til ye be come ayein to Tyr.
a1450 in R. H. Robbins Secular Lyrics 14th & 15th Cent. (1952) 40 (MED) Sche bad me loue my lemman with-oute longgyng.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 119 I haue grete langyng to approche nygh the paynemys.
1598 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) f. 19 As if they were euer children and beginners, they are still in longing for things to come.
1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cxix. 20 My soule breaketh for the longing: that it hath vnto thy iudgements at all times. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 511 Fierce desire,..Still unfulfill'd with pain of longing pines. View more context for this quotation
1713 J. Addison Cato v. i Whence this pleasing hope, this fond desire, This longing after immortality?
1770 J. Banks Jrnl. 3 Sept. (1962) II. 145 The longing for home which the Physicians have gone so far as to esteem a disease under the name of Nostalgia.
1811 C. Lamb Theatralia in Reflector 2 308 The painful anxiety about the act, the natural longing to prevent it while it yet seems unperpetrated.
1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. i. 43 The return was still looked for with longing.
1928 H. H. Symonds & C. H. C. Osborne Lane's Talks to Parents & Teachers 28 The old longing to see what the fire really was..returned to him.
1986 H. Jacobson Redback x. 98 They were having a furious argument, full of suppressed longing and rage.
2009 E. Wyld After Fire, Still Small Voice (2010) ii. 37 The letters arrived, two a month, cheery, upbeat, full of longing for treacle tart.
b. As a count noun: an instance of this. Frequently in plural.
ΚΠ
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1180 (MED) A longeyng heuy me strok in swone, And rewfully þenne I con to reme.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 140v A fell arow..of loue..Made hym langwys in Loue & Longynges grete.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) v. ii. 276 Giue me my Robe, put on my Crowne, I haue Immortall longings in me. View more context for this quotation
1698 G. Stanhope tr. Thomas à Kempis Christian's Pattern iii. xxiii. 177 To indulge those Longings and Pleasures, which refined and unbodied Spirits feel.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xiii. 278 Our native country, for which many of us by this time began to have great longings.
1758 E. Kimber Life Capt. Neville Frowde ii. 59 A Longing to view distant Climes so predominantly reigned in my Thoughts.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxii. 160 Sometimes..when a guide was in front of me, I have felt an extreme longing to have a second one behind me.
1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 436 They will have a fierce secret longing after gold and silver.
1905 The Word Mar. 259 The body and its passionate longings, and nothing else besides, cause wars, factions and quarrels.
1960 R. D. Laing Divided Self (1965) v. 91 A desperate longing and yearning for what others have and he lacks.
2011 J. S. Carroll Landscape in Children's Lit. i. 23 Mole expresses a deep longing to return to his own home.
3. Strong desire or craving for something, esp. a particular or unusual food, occurring in a pregnant woman; an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > irrational loves and desires > fanciful cravings of pregnant women
longing1528
1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. xxxiv What with his awne lustes, which are as ye longinge of a woman with childe.
1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 157 The longings and imaginations of women with childe.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iii. iii. 230 I haue a womans longing, An appetite that I am sick with-all. View more context for this quotation
1784 M. Underwood Treat. Dis. Children 197 There is nothing that we know of in a fright or longing, that can produce such a change in organized matter.
1812 Sporting Mag. 39 7 He had..a pregnant wife, to satisfy whose longings, and to prevent any deformity of the child, he had ventured to trespass by shooting a hare.
1906 H. Ellis Stud. Psychol. Sex V. 216 Apples were far away at the head, occurring in 34 cases out of the 99 who had longings.
1985 M. F. Myles Textbk. Midwives (ed. 10) v. 71 Longings for certain sour or tart articles of food may be due to nausea rather than to nervous instability.
2003 H. Tucker Pregnant Fictions v. 105 By name and by body, Persinette bears traces of her mother's longings during pregnancy.

Compounds

longing mark n. Obsolete a birthmark. [So called on account of the popular supposition that birthmarks were the impressed image of some object longed for by the mother. Compare French envie (1611 in Cotgrave in this sense), specific use of envie envy n. (compare envy n. 5).]
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > spot or mark > birth-mark
birthmark1579
longing mark1644
native note1658
signature1659
naevus1684
mother spot1690
naevus maternus1726
mother's mark1797
mother mark1822
strawberry-mark1847
birth stain1850
port wine mark1853
spider cancer1898
spider-naevus1898
spider1942
spider angioma1956
1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. xxxviii. 335 The longing markes which are often times seene in children, and do remaine with them all their life.
1756 J. Elphinston Anal. French & Eng. Langs. II. (Idiomaire) 105 Une envie, a longing [-mark].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

longingn.2

Forms: see long v.3 and -ing suffix1.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: long v.3, -ing suffix1.
Etymology: < long v.3 + -ing suffix1. Compare belonging n.
Obsolete.
Something which belongs or relates to something; a belonging, an appurtenance.In quot. c1475 perhaps an error for louggynges, plural of a variant of lodging n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > appurtenance(s)
appurtenance1377
propertyc1390
depending1436
longingc1449
appurtenant1483
appertaininga1597
assign1604
appertainmenta1616
concerns1818
pertaining1869
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 15 And so forth of manie purtenauncis and longingis to matrimonye.
c1475 Gregory's Chron. in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) 196 They dyspoylyd the placys and longgynges of many dyvers lordys.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

longingadj.1

Brit. /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlɔŋɪŋ/, /ˈlɑŋɪŋ/
Forms: see long v.1 and -ing suffix2.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: long v.1, -ing suffix2.
Etymology: < long v.1 + -ing suffix2.
1. That grows longer in duration. Obsolete. rare.Only in Old English.
ΚΠ
OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) (2009) iv. 84 Eft on langiendum dagum he [sc. the moon] ofergæð ðone suðran sunstede.
2. That longs for something or someone; characterized by strong desire or yearning.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [adjective]
oflongedOE
alonged?a1300
longinga1425
with child1548
yearning1596
wishfula1616
greening1637
tantalized1660
with twins1768
a1425 (?a1400) Cloud of Unknowing (Harl. 674) (1944) 26 Smyte apon þat þicke cloude of vnknowying wiþ a scharp darte of longing loue.
a1450 tr. Aelred of Rievaulx De Institutione Inclusarum (Bodl.) (1984) 1 Thei mighten..syghe and snobbe after the loue of Iesu with longyng desire.
1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Biiiv A grete comforte then it is vnto the soule yt hath so longynge desyre vnto the body to here yt the body shal ryse agayne.
1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 219 Gif..we..leif this art of langing lust.
1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cvii. 9. For he satisfieth the longing soul, and filleth the hungry soul with goodness. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 743 That Fruit, which with desire,..Sollicited her longing eye. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 109 Of Love defrauded in their longing Hour. View more context for this quotation
1751 T. Gray Elegy 9 Nor cast one longing ling'ring Look behind!
1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer I. iii. 122 All the ragged sons of Greece May to their longing wives get soon, And take a second honey-moon.
1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 87 Wolsey had longing visions of the great work that might be effected if he could become pope.
1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues II. 47 He felt a longing desire to see them.
1922 N. Buckley Wings of Youth 34 Nor life nor death can keep away My longing heart from you.
2011 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 12 Nov. 27 The great possibilities of China..have long excited the longing eyes and feasted the eager imaginations of European merchants.

Derivatives

ˈlongingness n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun]
ondeeOE
yearningeOE
longingOE
forlonginga1250
mourningc1300
yering13..
eye-seke?c1500
panting1580
greening1584
smackeringa1586
brame1590
languora1599
earning1603
lingering1608
yawning1635
tantalizing1640
slavering1642
longingness1651
tantalization1654
twittering1668
hankering1678
honing1725
lech1796
yearna1797
languishment1817
yearningness1839
hanker1881
tantalizingness1889
yen1906
1651 W. Davenant Gondibert iii. vi. lxxi And now his Eyes even ake with longingness.
1858 Millennial Harbinger Feb. 114 With some memories we linger there..with a fond longingness.
1918 W. de la Mare Motley 13 Nor earth, nor air..could lull poor mortal longingness asleep.
1995 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman (Nexis) 13 Aug. g1 There's great longingness in goodbyes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

longingadj.2

Forms: Middle English longande.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: long v.3, -ing suffix2.
Etymology: < long v.3 + -ing suffix2. Compare belonging adj.
Obsolete.
That belongs to or forms a part of something.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > owning > [adjective] > belonging
longingc1400
appropriate1605
pertaining1868
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 462 So is vcha krysten sawle, A longande lym to þe mayster of myste.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.1eOEn.2c1449adj.1OEadj.2c1400
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