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单词 augustinian
释义

Augustiniann.2adj.2

Brit. /ˌɔːɡəˈstɪnɪən/, U.S. /ˌɔɡəˈstɪniən/, /ˌɑɡəˈstɪniən/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustiniani.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin Augustiniani, plural (1544 or earlier) < Augustinus , the name in Latin of Augustine , an unidentified person (see note at definition) + classical Latin -iāni , plural of -iānus -ian suffix.Compare French Augustinien (1610 or earlier; now historical; 1601 as †Augustinian). Compare the following quotation for Augustine used in the same sense, after German Augustiner (1560 in H. Bullinger Der Widertöufferen Ursprung, Fürgang, Secten, Wäsen ii. vi. f. 49, which is referenced in this work):1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 76 (heading) Of the sect of the Augustines, of Augustine a Bohemian.
rare (now historical).
A. n.2
A member of a supposed radical group of the early Reformation.The group allegedly believed that humans would not enter heaven until the Day of Judgement, which entails a version of the doctrine of soul sleep (soul sleep n. at soul n. Compounds 4).The identity of the ‘Augustine’ who supposedly led or inspired the group (referred to in German as Augustin in the 1560 source mentioned in the etymology) is unclear.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Augustinian > [noun]
Augustinian1601
1601 R. Broughton Apologicall Epist. 7 Such be the Lutherans, Antinomians,..Adamites, Hutites, Augustinians, [etc.]..amounting to the number of two hundred and three score knowne Sects.
1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. 33 Augustinians..affirm the entrance into Paradice to have beene shut up untill Augustine the Bohemian opened it for..those that were of his Sect.
1653 A. Ross Πανσεβεια xii. 402 Augustinians, from one Augustine a Bohemian, who bragged he was the first that opened Paradise for himselfe and followers.
1707 Glossographia Anglicana Nova (at cited word) Augustinians, Hereticks, called also Sacramentarians, holding that the Gates of Heaven are shut till the Resurrection.
1735 R. Challoner Short Hist. Protestant Relig. ii. 17 A great many different Sects, as..the Beucheldians, the Augustinians, the Denkians, and many others.
1962 G. H. Williams Radical Reformation xxvi. 675 Augustinians (who were psychopannychists).
B. adj.2
Designating the members of this group.
ΚΠ
1885 N.E.D. Augustinian,..adhering to..Augustine the Bohemian.
1972 C.-P. Clasen Anabaptism 455 According to Bullinger, this Augustin, the founder of the Augustinian Brethren, believed in visions and dreams.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

Augustinianadj.1n.1

Brit. /ˌɔːɡəˈstɪnɪən/, U.S. /ˌɔɡəˈstɪniən/, /ˌɑɡəˈstɪniən/
Forms:

α. 1500s Augustynyan, 1500s Augustynyen, 1500s– Augustinian.

β. 1600s Augustinean.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Augustinianus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin Augustinianus (noun) member of an Augustinian religious order (13th cent. in a British source; also in continental sources), (adjective) belonging to an Augustinian religious order (14th cent. in a British source), of or relating to St Augustine, Augustinian (both a1536) < post-classical Latin Augustinus (see Augustine adj. and n.) + classical Latin -iānus -ian suffix. Compare earlier Augustine n., Austin n., and Austener n. With use as adjective compare earlier Augustine adj. and Austin adj.With use as adjective compare French augustinien of or relating to St Augustine or his doctrines (1664; rare before the 18th cent.). With β. forms compare -ean suffix.
A. adj.1
1. Designating any of various religious orders deriving their rule from the writings of St Augustine of Hippo; of, relating to, or belonging to any of these orders. Esp. in Augustinian canon and Augustinian friar (also Augustinian Hermit); see note.Used to denote religious orders deriving their rule from the writings of (and often claiming foundation by) Augustine of Hippo, and of two different types, canons and friars. The Augustinian canons (more formally Canons Regular of St Augustine: see canon n.2 1) became firmly established as a religious order in the late 11th cent. The Augustinian friars (more formally the Order of Hermits of St Augustine or Order of St Augustine) were established in 1256 by an amalgamation of various earlier smaller groupings of friars.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > Order of St. Augustine > [adjective]
Austina1400
Augustine1443
Augustinian1489
1489 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1869) IV. 14 To the Frere Augustinens of York vj s. viij d.
1574 J. Studley tr. J. Bale Pageant of Popes f. 108v He maintayned the white fryers and Augustinian fryers [L. Augustinianos], that they should vphould transubstantiation against the Valdenses.
1583 A. Marten in tr. P. M. Vermigli Common Places sig. Ppvv They cast in prison..a certaine Heremit, a confessor of the Augustinian familie, and framed an accusation against him for violating of Religion.
1611 T. Coryate Crudities 113 In this city [sc. Cremona]..the Augustinian Monkes haue the stateliest Library for workemanship..that is in all Italy.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) 220 He took his Progress into the South, and fixing himself at Stamford, became an Augustinian Eremite.
1742 L. Brown tr. J. B. Bossuet Hist. Variations Protestant Churches I. i. 8 Luther, an Augustinian Doctor,..first attack'd the abuses many made of Indulgences.
1775 N. W. Wraxall Cursory Remarks Tour N. Europe 375 My carriage was stopped by..the host..held up by an Augustinian friar.
1875 T. Lindsay in Sunday Mag. June 589 The Augustinian monks in Brussels.
1882 Athenæum 3 June 692/3 A house of Augustinian canons.
1907 Notes & Queries 11 May 378/1 The Augustinian nuns or White Ladies of Gracedieu.
1980 Antiquaries Jrnl. 60 207 In the twelfth century St. Oswald's became an Augustinian priory, while still retaining its royal privileges.
2000 T. Kircher in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Comp. Christian Thought 613/1 At the inception of the crisis an Augustinian friar, Simone da Cascia, asserted that, ‘nothing..can put to shame the empire of God’.
2. Of or relating to St Augustine of Hippo, his writings, or his doctrines; accordant with or favouring these doctrines.Among the most historically influential aspects of Augustine's theology are his writings, largely in response to Pelagian views (see Pelagian n.1 and adj.1), on the relation between divine grace and human freedom, particularly his elaboration of the doctrines of original sin, the necessity and efficacy of grace, and predestination.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > grace > doctrine concerning grace > [adjective] > Augustinianism
Augustinian1655
Augustine1742
1655 D. Cawdrey in W. Barlee Prædestination (1657) sig. d4 To my apprehension, you have done your selfe, and the Truth it selfe, much right,..In your solid rescuing the Augustinian and English Church, from his interpolations.
1673 H. Hickman Hist. Quinq-articularis 34 But what was..become of the Augustinian spirit?
1777 J. Fletcher Doctr. Grace & Justice ii. 22 When streams of self-justifying, rigid, Pelagian free-will, have met with streams of self-electing, lawless, Augustinian free-grace; the strife has been loud and terrible.
a1786 S. Disney Disc. Var. Subj. (1788) xi. 205 They..varied their phrase to the confusion of the reader, rather than contradict the Augustinian system which they had embraced.
1851 J. Torrey tr. A. Neander Gen. Hist. Christian Relig. & Church (new ed.) IV. 379 The Augustinian doctrine of election.
1889 F. J. A. Hort in Academy 19 Jan. 42/1 Ceolfrid's Bible was to be Vulgate, Hieronymic in text, Augustinian in canon.
1910 J. Bailey Let. 1 Jan. (1935) 118 No one has ever got into poetry more of the Augustinian sense of the urgency of God claiming the human soul.
1963 Christian Cent. 9 Jan. 49/1 The Augustinian, and biblical, position addresses man the other way around: Find God and you will find yourself.
2007 MLN 122 836 Against Hugo's optimistic vision of things, Flaubert sticks to an Augustinian vision of this world as the embodiment of the civitas terrena.
B. n.1
1. A member of an Augustinian religious order (see sense A. 1); esp. an Augustinian friar or canon.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > Order of St. Augustine > [noun] > member of
Austina1325
Augustinec1450
Austener1466
Augustinian1534
Black Monka1640
1534 tr. Erasmus Dyaloge Funus sig. B.iiv The francyscan & the domynycan contended, that neyther the augustynyans [L. Augustinenses] nor the carmelytes were proprely called beggers, but rather mungrelles, & chaungelynges.
a1586 (a1500) Freiris Berwik l. 25 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS (1919) I. 133 The carmelitis augustinianis and als the minouris eik.
1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 75 Dominicans, Augustinians, and other poore religious Friers.
1676 W. Geaves Status Ecclesiæ Gallicanæ viii. 41 John Melrose became Abbot of the Augustinians at Ticino.
1704 tr. G. F. Gemelli Careri Voy. round World iii. i. in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. IV. 196/1 Being therefore lodg'd in the Monastery of the Augustinians in Damam..I applied my self to landing of my Equipage.
1756 Bp. Challoner Let. Sept. in E. H. Burton Life (1909) II. xxix. 126 Not long ago an Irish Augustinian took out faculties here to go and settle in Newfoundland.
1841 J. M'Encroe Wanderings Human Mind xxxiii. 74 Peter Martyr, an Augustinian, who ran from Italy with Ochin..to dogmatise in Switzerland and England.
1896 ‘Q’ et al. Story of Sea II. xx. 387 The religioners who embarked for the service of the fleet..were 180, consisting of Augustinians, Franciscans, Dominicans, and Jesuits.
1970 N.Y. Times 26 Jan. 47/5 The Roman Catholic Order of Augustinians of the Assumption.
2004 Church Times 6 Aug. 18/4 The proliferation of new orders emerging at the turn of the 12th century: Cistercians, Augustinians, Canons, knightly orders, Premonstratensians, and Franciscans.
2. An adherent or advocate of the doctrines of St Augustine of Hippo.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > grace > doctrine concerning grace > [noun] > Augustinianism > person holding
Augustinian1755
1755 J. Jortin 6 Diss. ii. 96 The Jesuits..have, generally speaking, been Semipelagians, and no friends to Aˈugustin... Bellarmin was an Augustinian.
1847 Standard 21 Apr. The great variety of opinions that had sprung up, from the time of the Arians, the Augustinians, and Pelagians, down to the later time of the Roman Catholics and Protestants, Jesuits and Jansenists, [etc.].
1860 J. Gardner Faiths World 263 This notion of human freedom was denied by the Augustinians.
1950 A. Huxley Themes & Variations i. 74 The issue between Soviet geneticists and the geneticists of the West is similar in essence to that which divided the Pelagians from the Augustinians.
2003 Internat. Jrnl. Philos. Relig. 53 127 I take it that traditional Augustinians align themselves with the doctrines of election and theological determinism.

Derivatives

ˌAugustiniaˈness n. now rare an Augustinian nun.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > Order of St. Augustine > [noun] > member of > female
Augustinianess1847
1847 tr. G. Ricci Lives Compan. S. Philip Neri 4 B. Catherine Thomasia, Augustinianess, 1574.
1853 F. W. Faber All for Jesus 140 Veronica the Augustinianess.
1920 J. H. Pollen Eng. Catholics in Reign Queen Elizabeth vii. 248 The considerable body of English sisters..who entered among the Flemish Augustinianesses at St. Ursula's, Louvain, survive still.
ˌAuguˈstinianism n. [compare French augustinianisme (1788)] the doctrines of St Augustine or his followers; adherence to or advocacy of these doctrines.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > grace > doctrine concerning grace > [noun] > Augustinianism
Augustinianism1813
Augustinism1819
1813 Methodist Mag. Feb. 114 We have no desire to send our readers to Augustine's books of Questions, in order to learn what Augustinianism was.
1830 J. Mackintosh Diss. Progress Ethical Philos. 194 The Calvinism, or rather Augustinianism, of Aquinas.
1927 Mind 36 246 Bacon's Augustinianism shows itself from time to time by such signs as the ascription of a ‘matter’ to ‘separated’ intelligences.
2006 R. Viladesau Beauty of Cross ii. 55 Western theology moved from the common Patristic paradigm into a specifically Western form of Augustinianism adapted to the newly converted Celtic and Germanic peoples.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.2adj.21601adj.1n.11489
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