madamen.

Brit.

/məˈdɑːm/,

/məˈdam/,

/maˈdam/,

/ˈmadəm/, U.S.

/məˈdɑm/,

/ˈmædəm/

Forms: 1500s– madam, 1500s– madame. Also with capital initial. See also madam n. and mesdames n.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French madame.

Etymology: < Middle French, French madame (see madam n.).The uses in which the word represents a (genuine or imitated) foreign title are treated in this entry, although in examples dating from before c1700 the spelling is often madam . Recognition of madame as a distinct word, in which the second syllable carries the stress and has the vowel /ɑː/, is scarce before the Imperial Dict. Suppl. (1855); but identity of pronunciation with madam n. has probably also been common in all periods. Madame is also frequent (mainly before c1600) as a variant spelling of madam n. In senses 3b and, although within a very different social milieu, 4 the spelling madame is probably intended primarily to convey connotations of social sophistication arising from the high prestige of French culture.

†1. The title given to female members of the French royal family; a French princess; spec. the eldest daughter of the French king or of the dauphin; (in the reign of Louis XIV) the wife of monsieur n., the king's only brother. Cf. mademoiselle n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > woman

Frenchwoman?a1400

madame1598

grisette1735

mademoiselle1765

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > of France > female members of royal family

madame1598

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a woman > for married woman > in languages other than English

madame1598

signora1602

Mme1786

Mdme.1859

1598 J. Chamberlain Let. 20 Oct. (1939) I. 49 Somebody must be sent extraordinarie to the marriage of Madame the Kings sister.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 193 When Madame Louise the Regent had declared [etc.].

1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa i. i. 14 In the presence of Madam Royall in Turin.

1679 Exact Rel. Marriage Charles II 7 Next to her followed Madam.

1701 London Gaz. No. 3714/3 Madame does not yet give Audience.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 302 The King of France had courted Madame Soissons, and made a shew of courting Madame [sc. the Duchess of Orleans].

1766 Ann. Reg. 1765 ii. 112/1 Don Philip, duke of Parma,..has left issue, by the late madame of France, a prince and a princess.

1767 Ann. Reg. 1766 ii. 4/2 The Madames of France were much devoted to reading in their private apartments.

1798 R. C. Dallas tr. M. Cléry Jrnl. Occur. Temple 40 A small antichamber almost without light, was occupied by Madame Royale and Madame Elizabeth.

†2. A French or French-speaking married woman; a Frenchman's wife. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married woman > [noun] > French

madamea1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. v. 28 Dol. By Faith and Honor, Our Madames mock at vs.

1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) iv. i, in Wks. I. 219 I would tell you, which Madame lou'd a Monsieur, which a player, which a page.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 23 The Madams too, Not vs'd to toyle, did almost sweat to beare The Pride vpon them.

1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 30 In which [sc. a Chariot] they meane to Paris him to bring, To make sport to their Madames and their Boyes.

1765 I. Bickerstaff Maid of Mill i. vi. 11 When I was on my travels, among the madames, and signoras, we never saluted more than the tip of the ear.

a. The title prefixed to the surname of a French married woman or (more widely) to that of a married woman of any non-English-speaking nationality (corresponding to English ‘Mrs’, ‘Lady’, etc.); also used in literal renderings of French speech. Usually abbreviated in writing as Mme. and (less frequently) Mdme.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for woman of rank > prefixed to name

dam1297

damec1305

madama1375

madame1617

the1730

La1869

1617 in Lett. George Lord Carew 18 Jan. (1860) 111 Madame de Ancre hathe received her triall, and is sentenced to be gvilltie of Sorcerie, Judaisme, and Peculate, which is stealinge or pourloyninge the Kinges money, and was adiudged to be hanged and burnt.

1674 A. Marvell Let. 5 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 332 E of Pembroke marryed to Madame Querrouals sister.

1699 J. Petiver Musei Petiveriani iv-v. 46 Madam Margaretha Hendrina van Otteren, Widow to..Dr. Oldenland.

1706 N. Luttrell Diary 11 May in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 46 Mrs. Skelton, daughter to Madam Orfeur.

1766 H. Walpole Let. 3 Jan. in Corr. (1961) XXX. 214 Madame de Guerchy has received the coal-boxes.

1871 E. C. G. Murray Member for Paris I. 258 One of Madame Roderheim's plushed footmen.

1877 J. Grant Six Years Ago II. 188 Madame von Hohenthal.

1920 E. Wharton Age of Innocence xxii. 227 Archer found the strength to break in: ‘But Madame Olenska—has she gone to Newport too?’.

1992 M. Almond Rise & Fall N. & E. Ceausescu 115 It was not true to say the Society had honoured Madame Ceaušescu.

b. The title frequently assumed (instead of ‘Mrs’) by a schoolmistress, esp. a teacher of French, dressmaker, fortune-teller (and formerly by a professional singer or musician), etc., esp. to imply skill and sophistication, or foreign origin.

ΚΠ

c1835 in A. Adburgham Shops & Shopping (1964) iii. 27 Madame L. begs also to recommend her highly approved elastic Parisian corsets.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby x. 91 ‘The lady's name’, said Ralph,..‘is Mantalini—Madame Mantalini.’

1884 List of Subscribers (London & Globe Telephone Co.) Elsie, Madame..Dressmaker.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 240 The window of Madame Doyle, court dress milliner, stopped him.

1954 M. Sharp Gipsy in Parlour iv. 48 If I walk up the aisle with tackings in, Madame Rose will still have worked wonders.

1982 A. Brookner Providence vi. 71 Madame Eva..bent once more over the crystal ball.

1987 M. McCarthy How I Grew ii. 33 At the convent..a few [teachers] (Madame Bartlett..Miss Hayward) were the objects, almost, of a cult.

4. Used as a form of address or mode of reference with omission of the name, or in substitution for it.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > woman > vocatively

madame1843

1843 Ainsworth's Mag. 5 42 We observed to ‘Madame’ [sc. a dressmaker]..that the work-room..seemed ill-ventilated...‘Madame’ shrugged and remonstrated a little.

1853 C. Brontë Villette I. xiv. 245 As soon as Georgette was well, madame sent her away into the country.

1894 S. J. Weyman Man in Black 198 Presently madame followed her example.

1969 V. Nabokov Ada i. xli. 292 She had made up her mind a couple of days ago to leave Ardis Hall. She had just slipped her demission..under the door of Madame.

1991 J. Tanner Folly's Child 108 Unlike some couturiers Madame did not mind if her model girls did not have the same colour hair.

5. = madam n. 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > brothel-keeper

bawd1362

bordellera1393

mother1596

brothel1604

brothel master1608

factoress1611

cock bawd1632

brothel keeper1710

padrona1744

case keeper1757

madame1871

madam1879

whore-mistress?1885

whorehouse madam1916

1871 N.Y. Herald 29 July 6/2 The Madame..sent her to an infamous den in Forsyth Street kept by a Mrs. Hines.

1922 V. Woolf Jacob's Room ix. 171 Only Madame herself..had about her that leer, that lewdness.

1934 A. Woollcott While Rome Burns 157 Visiting the local Maison Tellier..and taking the madame and all her girls out duck-shooting.

1969 G. Greene Trav. with my Aunt i. viii. 83 There was a discipline in the old-time brothels. The madame..played a rôle similar to that of the headmistress of Roedean.

1990 N.Y. Amsterdam News 24 Mar. 19/3 A madame with a half-dozen bawdy houses and 20 ladies in her employ.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	madame
释义	madamen. Brit. /məˈdɑːm/, /məˈdam/, /maˈdam/, /ˈmadəm/, U.S. /məˈdɑm/, /ˈmædəm/ Forms: 1500s– madam, 1500s– madame. Also with capital initial. See also madam n. and mesdames n. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French madame. Etymology: < Middle French, French madame (see madam n.).The uses in which the word represents a (genuine or imitated) foreign title are treated in this entry, although in examples dating from before c1700 the spelling is often madam . Recognition of madame as a distinct word, in which the second syllable carries the stress and has the vowel /ɑː/, is scarce before the Imperial Dict. Suppl. (1855); but identity of pronunciation with madam n. has probably also been common in all periods. Madame is also frequent (mainly before c1600) as a variant spelling of madam n. In senses 3b and, although within a very different social milieu, 4 the spelling madame is probably intended primarily to convey connotations of social sophistication arising from the high prestige of French culture. †1. The title given to female members of the French royal family; a French princess; spec. the eldest daughter of the French king or of the dauphin; (in the reign of Louis XIV) the wife of monsieur n., the king's only brother. Cf. mademoiselle n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > woman Frenchwoman?a1400 madame1598 grisette1735 mademoiselle1765 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > royalty > [noun] > royal person(s) > of France > female members of royal family madame1598 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a woman > for married woman > in languages other than English madame1598 signora1602 Mme1786 Mdme.1859 1598 J. Chamberlain Let. 20 Oct. (1939) I. 49 Somebody must be sent extraordinarie to the marriage of Madame the Kings sister. a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 193 When Madame Louise the Regent had declared [etc.]. 1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa i. i. 14 In the presence of Madam Royall in Turin. 1679 Exact Rel. Marriage Charles II 7 Next to her followed Madam. 1701 London Gaz. No. 3714/3 Madame does not yet give Audience. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 302 The King of France had courted Madame Soissons, and made a shew of courting Madame [sc. the Duchess of Orleans]. 1766 Ann. Reg. 1765 ii. 112/1 Don Philip, duke of Parma,..has left issue, by the late madame of France, a prince and a princess. 1767 Ann. Reg. 1766 ii. 4/2 The Madames of France were much devoted to reading in their private apartments. 1798 R. C. Dallas tr. M. Cléry Jrnl. Occur. Temple 40 A small antichamber almost without light, was occupied by Madame Royale and Madame Elizabeth. †2. A French or French-speaking married woman; a Frenchman's wife. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married woman > [noun] > French madamea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. v. 28 Dol. By Faith and Honor, Our Madames mock at vs. View more context for this quotation 1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) iv. i, in Wks. I. 219 I would tell you, which Madame lou'd a Monsieur, which a player, which a page. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 23 The Madams too, Not vs'd to toyle, did almost sweat to beare The Pride vpon them. View more context for this quotation 1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 30 In which [sc. a Chariot] they meane to Paris him to bring, To make sport to their Madames and their Boyes. 1765 I. Bickerstaff Maid of Mill i. vi. 11 When I was on my travels, among the madames, and signoras, we never saluted more than the tip of the ear. 3. a. The title prefixed to the surname of a French married woman or (more widely) to that of a married woman of any non-English-speaking nationality (corresponding to English ‘Mrs’, ‘Lady’, etc.); also used in literal renderings of French speech. Usually abbreviated in writing as Mme. and (less frequently) Mdme. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for woman of rank > prefixed to name dam1297 damec1305 madama1375 madame1617 the1730 La1869 1617 in Lett. George Lord Carew 18 Jan. (1860) 111 Madame de Ancre hathe received her triall, and is sentenced to be gvilltie of Sorcerie, Judaisme, and Peculate, which is stealinge or pourloyninge the Kinges money, and was adiudged to be hanged and burnt. 1674 A. Marvell Let. 5 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 332 E of Pembroke marryed to Madame Querrouals sister. 1699 J. Petiver Musei Petiveriani iv-v. 46 Madam Margaretha Hendrina van Otteren, Widow to..Dr. Oldenland. 1706 N. Luttrell Diary 11 May in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 46 Mrs. Skelton, daughter to Madam Orfeur. 1766 H. Walpole Let. 3 Jan. in Corr. (1961) XXX. 214 Madame de Guerchy has received the coal-boxes. 1871 E. C. G. Murray Member for Paris I. 258 One of Madame Roderheim's plushed footmen. 1877 J. Grant Six Years Ago II. 188 Madame von Hohenthal. 1920 E. Wharton Age of Innocence xxii. 227 Archer found the strength to break in: ‘But Madame Olenska—has she gone to Newport too?’. 1992 M. Almond Rise & Fall N. & E. Ceausescu 115 It was not true to say the Society had honoured Madame Ceaušescu. b. The title frequently assumed (instead of ‘Mrs’) by a schoolmistress, esp. a teacher of French, dressmaker, fortune-teller (and formerly by a professional singer or musician), etc., esp. to imply skill and sophistication, or foreign origin. ΚΠ c1835 in A. Adburgham Shops & Shopping (1964) iii. 27 Madame L. begs also to recommend her highly approved elastic Parisian corsets. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby x. 91 ‘The lady's name’, said Ralph,..‘is Mantalini—Madame Mantalini.’ 1884 List of Subscribers (London & Globe Telephone Co.) Elsie, Madame..Dressmaker. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 240 The window of Madame Doyle, court dress milliner, stopped him. 1954 M. Sharp Gipsy in Parlour iv. 48 If I walk up the aisle with tackings in, Madame Rose will still have worked wonders. 1982 A. Brookner Providence vi. 71 Madame Eva..bent once more over the crystal ball. 1987 M. McCarthy How I Grew ii. 33 At the convent..a few [teachers] (Madame Bartlett..Miss Hayward) were the objects, almost, of a cult. 4. Used as a form of address or mode of reference with omission of the name, or in substitution for it. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > woman > vocatively madame1843 1843 Ainsworth's Mag. 5 42 We observed to ‘Madame’ [sc. a dressmaker]..that the work-room..seemed ill-ventilated...‘Madame’ shrugged and remonstrated a little. 1853 C. Brontë Villette I. xiv. 245 As soon as Georgette was well, madame sent her away into the country. 1894 S. J. Weyman Man in Black 198 Presently madame followed her example. 1969 V. Nabokov Ada i. xli. 292 She had made up her mind a couple of days ago to leave Ardis Hall. She had just slipped her demission..under the door of Madame. 1991 J. Tanner Folly's Child 108 Unlike some couturiers Madame did not mind if her model girls did not have the same colour hair. 5. = madam n. 5. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > brothel-keeper bawd1362 bordellera1393 mother1596 brothel1604 brothel master1608 factoress1611 cock bawd1632 brothel keeper1710 padrona1744 case keeper1757 madame1871 madam1879 whore-mistress?1885 whorehouse madam1916 1871 N.Y. Herald 29 July 6/2 The Madame..sent her to an infamous den in Forsyth Street kept by a Mrs. Hines. 1922 V. Woolf Jacob's Room ix. 171 Only Madame herself..had about her that leer, that lewdness. 1934 A. Woollcott While Rome Burns 157 Visiting the local Maison Tellier..and taking the madame and all her girls out duck-shooting. 1969 G. Greene Trav. with my Aunt i. viii. 83 There was a discipline in the old-time brothels. The madame..played a rôle similar to that of the headmistress of Roedean. 1990 N.Y. Amsterdam News 24 Mar. 19/3 A madame with a half-dozen bawdy houses and 20 ladies in her employ. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1598
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