marinern.

Brit.

/ˈmarᵻnə/, U.S.

/ˈmɛrənər/

Forms: Middle English marener, Middle English marenere, Middle English mareyner, Middle English marineer, Middle English marineere, Middle English maronner, Middle English marouner, Middle English marynare, Middle English maryneer, Middle English marynere, Middle English marynier, Middle English merener, Middle English (1700s– archaic) marinere, Middle English–1500s maroner, Middle English–1500s marynar, Middle English–1600s maryner, Middle English– mariner, 1500s marinour, 1500s marraner, 1500s marryner, 1500s maryoner, 1500s merriner, 1500s–1600s marriner, 1600s marrinour; Scottish pre-1700 mairener, pre-1700 mairiner, pre-1700 mairinor, pre-1700 mairyneir, pre-1700 marenar, pre-1700 mareneir, pre-1700 marienar, pre-1700 marinar, pre-1700 marineir, pre-1700 marinor, pre-1700 maronar, pre-1700 marrinar, pre-1700 marriner, pre-1700 marrynar, pre-1700 marryner, pre-1700 marynair, pre-1700 marynar, pre-1700 marynare, pre-1700 maryneir, pre-1700 maryner, pre-1700 marynere, pre-1700 mayriner, pre-1700 merinar, pre-1700 merrenar, pre-1700 1700s– mariner.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French mariner, marinier.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mariner, marinier, marenir seaman (c1140) and Old French marinier, maronier, mairenier, marenier, marounier, maronnier (1155; French marinier , in modern French only in restricted sense ‘bargeman’) < post-classical Latin marinarius sailor (mid 11th cent.; from 1188 in British sources, also in forms marenarius , marinerius ) < classical Latin marīnus marine adj. + -ārius -er suffix². Compare Spanish marinero (1220–50), Portuguese marinheiro (1248–79), Italian marinaio (c1308); also ( < French) Middle Dutch marinier seaman, pirate, Middle High German marnaere sailor.The word is attested as a surname from the late 12th cent. (in forms mairener, mariner, marinier, marner, marnir, maryner, and meriner), though it is uncertain whether these reflect the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word. In form marinere revived by Coleridge as an archaism in The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere (1798).

1. A person who navigates or assists in navigating a ship; a sailor. In Law, more generally: any person employed on a ship. Also in extended use.master mariner: see master n.¹ and adj. Compounds 6.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > [noun]

shipmanc900

seamanOE

buscarlOE

shipperc1100

ship-gumec1275

marinerc1300

skipper1390

marinela1400

waterman1421

maryneller1470

seafarer1513

sea-fardingera1550

navigator1574

marinec1575

sailer1585

Triton1589

Neptunist1593

canvas-climber1609

sea-crab1609

tar-lubber1610

Neptunian1620

salt-rover1620

sailora1642

tarpaulin1647

otter1650

water dog1652

tarpauliana1656

Jack1659

tar1676

sea-animal1707

Jack tar1709

sailor-man1761

tarry-breeks1786

hearty1790

ocean-farera1806

tarry-jacket1822

Jacky1826

nautical1831

salt water1839

matelotc1847

knight of the tar-brush1866

main-yard man1867

gobby1883

tarry-John1888

blue jersey1889

lobscouser1889

flat-foot1897

handyman1899

c1300 St. Clement (Laud) 220 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 329 (MED) Marineres us token into heore schipe.

c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2556 (MED) A dromond hii fonde þer stonde..Boute þai nadde no maroner.

c1390 (c1300) MS Vernon Homilies in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1877) 57 314 A pore schip broken marinere.

c1390 G. Chaucer Prioress's Tale 1627 Longe moote thow saille by the coost,..gentil maryner!

c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 815 A blynd maryneer that doth no sterre knowe.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. i. 63 Another sterre that ledeth the maronners by the see.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 379 (MED) Thei..entred in to the shippes..and hadde..goode maroners hem for to gide.

1517 R. Torkington Oldest Diarie Englysshe Trav. (1884) 60 The Maryoners made a grett Showte.

1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Dii These Freshwater Mariners their shipes were drowned in the playne of Salisbury. These kynde of Caterpillers counterfet great losses on the sea.

1603 J. Stow Suruay of London (new ed.) 233 Sir Francis Drake, that famous Mariner.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) v. i. 100 There shalt thou finde the Marriners asleepe Vnder the Hatches.

1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. ii. 75 An Ancient Marriner yet living in these parts, a person of good Credit.

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. i. ii. 18 The Sea [breeze]..serving to carry the Mariner in long Voyages from East to West.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 348 The mariner takes one part of the year to go from Java to the Moluccas [etc.].

1798 S. T. Coleridge (title) The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1144 No mariner shall fail in any action, &c. for the recovery of wages, for want of such agreement being produced.

1858 I. S. Homans & I. S. Homans Cycl. Commerce & Commerc. Navigation 1693/2 Mariners are bound to contribute out of their wages for embezzlements of the cargo, or injuries produced by the misconduct of any of the crew.

1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 10 Whole generations that might have produced their share of skilful and intrepid mariners.

1923 ‘R. Crompton’ William Again xiv. 233 He felt strongly that a mariner just about to be shipwrecked ought to bid a fond farewell to his family.

1992 Gold Coast Bull. (Southport, Austral.) 27 Nov. 49/1 Satellite and submarine electronics..have been hooked up at..TAFE'S Broadwater campus boosting the training of local mariners.

†2. spec. A fighting man on board ship; a marine. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > marine

marinera1450

marine1672

marine soldier1690

maltout1785

jolly1829

horse-marine1878

pongo1890

leatherneck1914

devil dog1918

jarhead1944

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 120 A double sparth..with whiche boþe mareneres and knyghtes [L. pugnandi peritissimi nautae vel milites] kepeþ here eche dayes outwacches.

a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) i. 214 500 Men at Sea, whereof 340 Mariners, 40 Gunners, 120 Sailors.

1699 (title) A Letter to a Member of Parliament concerning The four Regiments commonly called Mariners.

3. Australian regional (Tasmania). A herbivorous marine gastropod of the genus Phasianotrochus (family Trochidae), esp. P. irisodontes, found among algae and sea grass in shallow water; the shell of this. [Said to be < a form *merrina in an Australian Aboriginal language, but further information is lacking.]

ΚΠ

1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 287/2 The Mariner is called by the Tasmanian Fishery Commissioners the ‘Pearly Necklace Shell’... The shells are made into necklaces.

1966 S. J. Baker Austral. Eng. (ed. 2) xiv. 304 Here are some other vernacular terms in frequent use:..mariner, a bronze-coloured shell of any one of several marine snails belonging to the genus Cantharidus.

Compounds

mariner portage n. see portage n.¹ 1.

† mariner's card n. Obsolete rare a nautical chart. Cf. card n.² 4, sea-card n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > chart

shipman's card1530

carda1532

chard?a1560

sea-card?a1560

mariner's card1594

seaman card1636

chart1696

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > chart

shipman's card1530

carda1532

card of the sea1555

chard?a1560

sea-card?a1560

mariner's card1594

seaman card1636

sea-chart1669

chart1696

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises vii. xxvii. f. 324^v The Mariners Carde..is none other thing, but a description..of the places that be in the sea or on the land next adioyning to the sea, as points, Capes, Bayes.

mariner's compass n. (a) = compass n.¹ 12a; (b) (the English name of) the southern constellation Pyxis (originally Pyxis Nautica).

ΚΠ

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. xix. f. 153 How much any Mariners Compasse doth varie from the true North and South.

1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iii. x. 263 Among other rare Inventions, that of the Marriners compasse is most worthy of admiration.

1730 in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1911) 6 12 Mariners compass rectified by Mr. Wakely.

1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 177/2 Pyxis nautica (the Mariner's Compass), a southern constellation of Lacaille, placed in Argo.

1894 Outing July 250/1 Hanging upon the upright posts..was also a small mariner's compass.

1957 C. W. Mankowitz & R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Eng. Pottery & Porcelain 71/2 Jugs and other presentation wares decorated in sgraffiato style with mariner's compasses, Royal arms, country scenes, or birds and foliage are typical.

1981 I. Ridpath Young Astron. Handbk. 143/1 An unimportant constellation..representing the compass of the ship Argo Navis. Lacaille described the constellation under the name Pyxis Nautica, the mariner's compass, which has since been shortened.

† mariner's needle n. Obsolete (the needle of) a sailor's compass.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > bit of magnetized steel as direction indicator

needlea1393

mariner's needle1600

directory needle1613

inclinatory needle1613

dipping-needle1667

dip-needle1881

1600 R. Cawdrey Treasurie Similies 114 The Saylers Gnomon, or rule, which is commonly called the Marriners Needle.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Mm3^v Like as the West Indies had neuer been discouered, if the vse of the Mariners Needle, had not been first discouered.

1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 249 The Mariners Needle espousing the North point rather than any other.

† mariner's ring n. Obsolete rare an astrolabe adapted for use at sea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > cosmology > science of observation > astronomical instruments > [noun] > astrolabe > astronomer's ring

ring1551

mariner's ring1574

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > marine forms of astrolabe

mariner's ring1574

plough1690

1574 W. Bourne Regim. for Sea (1577) vi. 26 b The Mariners Ring, called by them the Astralaby.

Derivatives

† mariner-like adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1548–67 W. Thomas Ital. Gram. & Dict. Marinaresco, marinerlike.

† marinership n. Obsolete the art or skill of a mariner; seamanship.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > [noun] > art or science of

ship-craft1398

shipman-craft1418

marinage1511

marinership1542

navigation1559

watercraft1566

shipmastery1593

marinary1684

sea-craft1727

seamanship1766

nautics1793

boatmanship1812

sailorship1820

watermanship1830

shipmanship1838

seamancraft1871

wayfinding1871

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 6 To sitte and holde the stierne in a shyppe, hauyng none experience in ye feats of marinershyp.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 90 The Phœnicians, famous for Merchandise and Marrinership.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mariner
释义	marinern. Brit. /ˈmarᵻnə/, U.S. /ˈmɛrənər/ Forms: Middle English marener, Middle English marenere, Middle English mareyner, Middle English marineer, Middle English marineere, Middle English maronner, Middle English marouner, Middle English marynare, Middle English maryneer, Middle English marynere, Middle English marynier, Middle English merener, Middle English (1700s– archaic) marinere, Middle English–1500s maroner, Middle English–1500s marynar, Middle English–1600s maryner, Middle English– mariner, 1500s marinour, 1500s marraner, 1500s marryner, 1500s maryoner, 1500s merriner, 1500s–1600s marriner, 1600s marrinour; Scottish pre-1700 mairener, pre-1700 mairiner, pre-1700 mairinor, pre-1700 mairyneir, pre-1700 marenar, pre-1700 mareneir, pre-1700 marienar, pre-1700 marinar, pre-1700 marineir, pre-1700 marinor, pre-1700 maronar, pre-1700 marrinar, pre-1700 marriner, pre-1700 marrynar, pre-1700 marryner, pre-1700 marynair, pre-1700 marynar, pre-1700 marynare, pre-1700 maryneir, pre-1700 maryner, pre-1700 marynere, pre-1700 mayriner, pre-1700 merinar, pre-1700 merrenar, pre-1700 1700s– mariner. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French mariner, marinier. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mariner, marinier, marenir seaman (c1140) and Old French marinier, maronier, mairenier, marenier, marounier, maronnier (1155; French marinier , in modern French only in restricted sense ‘bargeman’) < post-classical Latin marinarius sailor (mid 11th cent.; from 1188 in British sources, also in forms marenarius , marinerius ) < classical Latin marīnus marine adj. + -ārius -er suffix². Compare Spanish marinero (1220–50), Portuguese marinheiro (1248–79), Italian marinaio (c1308); also ( < French) Middle Dutch marinier seaman, pirate, Middle High German marnaere sailor.The word is attested as a surname from the late 12th cent. (in forms mairener, mariner, marinier, marner, marnir, maryner, and meriner), though it is uncertain whether these reflect the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word. In form marinere revived by Coleridge as an archaism in The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere (1798). 1. A person who navigates or assists in navigating a ship; a sailor. In Law, more generally: any person employed on a ship. Also in extended use.master mariner: see master n.¹ and adj. Compounds 6. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > [noun] shipmanc900 seamanOE buscarlOE shipperc1100 ship-gumec1275 marinerc1300 skipper1390 marinela1400 waterman1421 maryneller1470 seafarer1513 sea-fardingera1550 navigator1574 marinec1575 sailer1585 Triton1589 Neptunist1593 canvas-climber1609 sea-crab1609 tar-lubber1610 Neptunian1620 salt-rover1620 sailora1642 tarpaulin1647 otter1650 water dog1652 tarpauliana1656 Jack1659 tar1676 sea-animal1707 Jack tar1709 sailor-man1761 tarry-breeks1786 hearty1790 ocean-farera1806 tarry-jacket1822 Jacky1826 nautical1831 salt water1839 matelotc1847 knight of the tar-brush1866 main-yard man1867 gobby1883 tarry-John1888 blue jersey1889 lobscouser1889 flat-foot1897 handyman1899 c1300 St. Clement (Laud) 220 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 329 (MED) Marineres us token into heore schipe. c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 2556 (MED) A dromond hii fonde þer stonde..Boute þai nadde no maroner. c1390 (c1300) MS Vernon Homilies in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1877) 57 314 A pore schip broken marinere. c1390 G. Chaucer Prioress's Tale 1627 Longe moote thow saille by the coost,..gentil maryner! c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 815 A blynd maryneer that doth no sterre knowe. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. i. 63 Another sterre that ledeth the maronners by the see. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 379 (MED) Thei..entred in to the shippes..and hadde..goode maroners hem for to gide. 1517 R. Torkington Oldest Diarie Englysshe Trav. (1884) 60 The Maryoners made a grett Showte. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Dii These Freshwater Mariners their shipes were drowned in the playne of Salisbury. These kynde of Caterpillers counterfet great losses on the sea. 1603 J. Stow Suruay of London (new ed.) 233 Sir Francis Drake, that famous Mariner. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) v. i. 100 There shalt thou finde the Marriners asleepe Vnder the Hatches. View more context for this quotation 1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. ii. 75 An Ancient Marriner yet living in these parts, a person of good Credit. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. i. ii. 18 The Sea [breeze]..serving to carry the Mariner in long Voyages from East to West. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 348 The mariner takes one part of the year to go from Java to the Moluccas [etc.]. 1798 S. T. Coleridge (title) The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1144 No mariner shall fail in any action, &c. for the recovery of wages, for want of such agreement being produced. 1858 I. S. Homans & I. S. Homans Cycl. Commerce & Commerc. Navigation 1693/2 Mariners are bound to contribute out of their wages for embezzlements of the cargo, or injuries produced by the misconduct of any of the crew. 1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 10 Whole generations that might have produced their share of skilful and intrepid mariners. 1923 ‘R. Crompton’ William Again xiv. 233 He felt strongly that a mariner just about to be shipwrecked ought to bid a fond farewell to his family. 1992 Gold Coast Bull. (Southport, Austral.) 27 Nov. 49/1 Satellite and submarine electronics..have been hooked up at..TAFE'S Broadwater campus boosting the training of local mariners. †2. spec. A fighting man on board ship; a marine. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > marine marinera1450 marine1672 marine soldier1690 maltout1785 jolly1829 horse-marine1878 pongo1890 leatherneck1914 devil dog1918 jarhead1944 a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 120 A double sparth..with whiche boþe mareneres and knyghtes [L. pugnandi peritissimi nautae vel milites] kepeþ here eche dayes outwacches. a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) i. 214 500 Men at Sea, whereof 340 Mariners, 40 Gunners, 120 Sailors. 1699 (title) A Letter to a Member of Parliament concerning The four Regiments commonly called Mariners. 3. Australian regional (Tasmania). A herbivorous marine gastropod of the genus Phasianotrochus (family Trochidae), esp. P. irisodontes, found among algae and sea grass in shallow water; the shell of this. [Said to be < a form merrina in an Australian Aboriginal language, but further information is lacking.] ΚΠ 1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng.* 287/2 The Mariner is called by the Tasmanian Fishery Commissioners the ‘Pearly Necklace Shell’... The shells are made into necklaces. 1966 S. J. Baker Austral. Eng. (ed. 2) xiv. 304 Here are some other vernacular terms in frequent use:..mariner, a bronze-coloured shell of any one of several marine snails belonging to the genus Cantharidus. Compounds mariner portage n. see portage n.¹ 1. † mariner's card n. Obsolete rare a nautical chart. Cf. card n.² 4, sea-card n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > chart shipman's card1530 carda1532 chard?a1560 sea-card?a1560 mariner's card1594 seaman card1636 chart1696 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > chart shipman's card1530 carda1532 card of the sea1555 chard?a1560 sea-card?a1560 mariner's card1594 seaman card1636 sea-chart1669 chart1696 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises vii. xxvii. f. 324^v The Mariners Carde..is none other thing, but a description..of the places that be in the sea or on the land next adioyning to the sea, as points, Capes, Bayes. mariner's compass n. (a) = compass n.¹ 12a; (b) (the English name of) the southern constellation Pyxis (originally Pyxis Nautica). ΚΠ 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. xix. f. 153 How much any Mariners Compasse doth varie from the true North and South. 1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iii. x. 263 Among other rare Inventions, that of the Marriners compasse is most worthy of admiration. 1730 in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1911) 6 12 Mariners compass rectified by Mr. Wakely. 1841 Penny Cycl. XIX. 177/2 Pyxis nautica (the Mariner's Compass), a southern constellation of Lacaille, placed in Argo. 1894 Outing July 250/1 Hanging upon the upright posts..was also a small mariner's compass. 1957 C. W. Mankowitz & R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Eng. Pottery & Porcelain 71/2 Jugs and other presentation wares decorated in sgraffiato style with mariner's compasses, Royal arms, country scenes, or birds and foliage are typical. 1981 I. Ridpath Young Astron. Handbk. 143/1 An unimportant constellation..representing the compass of the ship Argo Navis. Lacaille described the constellation under the name Pyxis Nautica, the mariner's compass, which has since been shortened. † mariner's needle n. Obsolete (the needle of) a sailor's compass. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > bit of magnetized steel as direction indicator needlea1393 mariner's needle1600 directory needle1613 inclinatory needle1613 dipping-needle1667 dip-needle1881 1600 R. Cawdrey Treasurie Similies 114 The Saylers Gnomon, or rule, which is commonly called the Marriners Needle. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Mm3^v Like as the West Indies had neuer been discouered, if the vse of the Mariners Needle, had not been first discouered. View more context for this quotation 1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 249 The Mariners Needle espousing the North point rather than any other. † mariner's ring n. Obsolete rare an astrolabe adapted for use at sea. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > cosmology > science of observation > astronomical instruments > [noun] > astrolabe > astronomer's ring ring1551 mariner's ring1574 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > marine forms of astrolabe mariner's ring1574 plough1690 1574 W. Bourne Regim. for Sea (1577) vi. 26 b The Mariners Ring, called by them the Astralaby. Derivatives † mariner-like adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1548–67 W. Thomas Ital. Gram. & Dict. Marinaresco, marinerlike. † marinership n. Obsolete the art or skill of a mariner; seamanship. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > [noun] > art or science of ship-craft1398 shipman-craft1418 marinage1511 marinership1542 navigation1559 watercraft1566 shipmastery1593 marinary1684 sea-craft1727 seamanship1766 nautics1793 boatmanship1812 sailorship1820 watermanship1830 shipmanship1838 seamancraft1871 wayfinding1871 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 6 To sitte and holde the stierne in a shyppe, hauyng none experience in ye feats of marinershyp. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 90 The Phœnicians, famous for Merchandise and Marrinership. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300
随便看	hoistrope hoists hoistway hoistways hoit hoiting hoity-toity hoity-toityism hoity-toityness hoitytoity hoitytoityism hoitytoityness hok hoka hokan hokan-siouan hokanist hokans hokansiouan hokas hoke hoked hokeday hokee-pokee hokeepokee