marionetten.

Brit.

/ˌmarɪəˈnɛt/, U.S.

/ˈˌmɛriəˈˌnɛt/

Forms: 1600s marionett, 1600s Marrioneté, 1700s– marionette, 1800s– Marrionette, 1900s– marionnette.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French marionnette.

Etymology: < Middle French marionnette (1556 in sense 1a, 1738 in sense 1b; compare earlier uses (in form maryonete ) denoting a type of dance (1517), and a type of musical instrument (1479)), probably < Old French mariole mariole n. + -ette -ette suffix, with dissimilation of -l- to -n- , perhaps influenced by the name Marion (see Marian n.²).The derivation of a word denoting a type of puppet from a word denoting an image of the Virgin Mary is surprising, but is paralleled by Middle French mariotte in the same sense (1567); compare also the even more startling (and perhaps related) development in sense apparently shown by Middle French marotte marotte n. (see discussion at that entry). With sense 3 compare French marionette from mid 18th cent. in various spec. (although not identical) applications in spinning and weaving.

a. A puppet with jointed limbs, usually operated by strings.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > other figures > [noun] > movable by string or wire

puppet1538

marionettea1645

pantine1748

supplejack1776

supple Tam1825

string-jack1863

jumping-jack1883

monkey on a stick1926

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppet

poppin1440

mammet1461

puppet1538

poppet1551

motion1602

puppy1640

neurospast1642

marionettea1645

poupée1785

fantoccini1791

scaramouch1815

shadow figure1851

Judy puppet1897

shadow puppet1923

rod puppet1930

string puppet1937

a1645 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals (1852) III. i. 27 A little spruce elfe then (just of the sett Of the French dancer or such marionett).

1664 G. Etherege Comical Revenge iii. iv. 38 Me did look to see De Marrioneté and de Jack-puddingé.

1739 Gentleman's Mag. May 251/2 The Master of the Marionettes had Reason to cure thy Dignity when..the Company all forsook Punch.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 115 One word of solid instruction to the ear conveys more knowledge to the mind at last than all these marionettes presented to the eye.

1839 H. W. Longfellow Hyperion II. iv. iii Quick, nervous, hinge-like motions, much resembling those of a marionette.

1890 O. Wilde Picture of Dorian Gray xvi. 276 They moved like monstrous marionettes and made gestures like live things.

1909 Daily Chron. 5 Feb. 4/6 Marionnettes in London..may remind us of Dickens's delight with the puppet-plays he saw in Italy.

1945 Fortune Mar. 46/1 (advt.) With scarcely more effort than is used in manipulating the strings of a marionette, the man in the cab of this great dredge guides the thick cables and heavy beams.

1988 G. Adair Holy Innocents 32 Pairs of legs dangled over the graded parapets of the esplanade with the slack-limbed inertia of marionettes during the interval of a Punch and Judy show.

b. figurative and in extended use: a person, institution, etc., who or which can be easily controlled or manipulated; a person with no self-will, individuality, etc.

ΚΠ

1863 ‘Ouida’ Held in Bondage I. 258 Men and women are marionettes.

1868 J. Hannay Stud. Thackeray (1869) 15 He did not invent a complicated intrigue and then a set of marionettes to carry it out.

1885 R. L. Stevenson & F. Stevenson Destroying Angel in More New Arabian Nights 20 He stood in the midst of these tottering and clay-faced marionnettes [sc. people].

1944 Polit. Sci. Q. 59 343 Such a policy would make the union leaders in the eyes of the Germans marionettes of the allies.

1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time i. ii. 28 A secret force behind the throne which degrades all visible governments into mere façade, or into marionettes whose strings are manipulated from behind the scenes.

2. U.S. regional. The bufflehead (duck), Bucephala albeola.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > genus Bucephala > bucephala albeola (bufflehead)

buffel duck1732

spirit duck1785

butterbox1806

butterballa1813

marionette1838

bufflehead1858

Scotchman1888

1838 J. J. Audubon Ornithol. Biogr. IV. 217 Buffel-headed Duck..being known in these different districts [of the U.S.] by the names of..Marrionette, Dipper, and Die-dipper.

1917 T. G. Pearson Birds Amer. I. 140/1 Buffle-Head... [Also called] Conjuring Duck; Marionette.

1982 R. Elman Hunter's Field Guide (rev. ed.) 211 Bufflehead... Common and regional names: butterball,..dipper duck, marionette.

†3. Weaving. In a ribbon-loom: a mechanism at the end of the batten for actuating the racks of the shuttles. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Marionette,..a small complicated arrangement at the end of the batten in a ribbon-loom, for actuating the racks of the shuttles. It is curiously life-like in its motions, whence the name.

Compounds

General attributive, as marionette figure, marionette play, marionette show, etc.

ΚΠ

1837 C. MacFarlane Banditti & Robbers 211 The mover of the marionette bandits had meanwhile made good his escape.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics I. i. v. 50 The countless marionette figures in the brain of the theosophist.

1868 J. B. Lightfoot Epist. Philippians (1869) 268 In the marionette plays of his native Spain St. Seneca takes his place by the side of St. Peter and St. Paul.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 41 The marionette-players will please the children.

1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost ix. 152 No drama at all, but only a very cleverly managed marionette show.

1890 B. H. Chamberlain Things Japanese 342 The plays..originated..partly in marionette dances.

1917 N. Douglas South Wind xi. 459 When you watch some of these local marionette theatres the illusion is complete.

1920 B. Kure Hist. Devel. Marionette Theatre Japan 30 There are two schools in the marionette art: Yuki School..and Bunraku School.

1976 C. Holland Floating Worlds 527 Cam bent from the waist, a marionette bow.

Derivatives

marioˈnette-like adj.

ΚΠ

1907 Philos. Rev. 16 185 Plato was too great an artist to be restrained..by a desire for a marionette-like consistency with a pronouncement he had once made and might disregard when he chose.

1993 Guardian 3 Sept. ii. 8/5 Zappa's tunes were uncategorisable, a mixture of fairground-organ churnings, marionette-like Kurt Weillian whirlings, bits of jazz and modern classical music, bursts of rhythm and blues.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	marionette
释义	marionetten. Brit. /ˌmarɪəˈnɛt/, U.S. /ˈˌmɛriəˈˌnɛt/ Forms: 1600s marionett, 1600s Marrioneté, 1700s– marionette, 1800s– Marrionette, 1900s– marionnette. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French marionnette. Etymology: < Middle French marionnette (1556 in sense 1a, 1738 in sense 1b; compare earlier uses (in form maryonete ) denoting a type of dance (1517), and a type of musical instrument (1479)), probably < Old French mariole mariole n. + -ette -ette suffix, with dissimilation of -l- to -n- , perhaps influenced by the name Marion (see Marian n.²).The derivation of a word denoting a type of puppet from a word denoting an image of the Virgin Mary is surprising, but is paralleled by Middle French mariotte in the same sense (1567); compare also the even more startling (and perhaps related) development in sense apparently shown by Middle French marotte marotte n. (see discussion at that entry). With sense 3 compare French marionette from mid 18th cent. in various spec. (although not identical) applications in spinning and weaving. 1. a. A puppet with jointed limbs, usually operated by strings. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > other figures > [noun] > movable by string or wire puppet1538 marionettea1645 pantine1748 supplejack1776 supple Tam1825 string-jack1863 jumping-jack1883 monkey on a stick1926 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > puppetry > [noun] > puppet poppin1440 mammet1461 puppet1538 poppet1551 motion1602 puppy1640 neurospast1642 marionettea1645 poupée1785 fantoccini1791 scaramouch1815 shadow figure1851 Judy puppet1897 shadow puppet1923 rod puppet1930 string puppet1937 a1645 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals (1852) III. i. 27 A little spruce elfe then (just of the sett Of the French dancer or such marionett). 1664 G. Etherege Comical Revenge iii. iv. 38 Me did look to see De Marrioneté and de Jack-puddingé. 1739 Gentleman's Mag. May 251/2 The Master of the Marionettes had Reason to cure thy Dignity when..the Company all forsook Punch. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 115 One word of solid instruction to the ear conveys more knowledge to the mind at last than all these marionettes presented to the eye. 1839 H. W. Longfellow Hyperion II. iv. iii Quick, nervous, hinge-like motions, much resembling those of a marionette. 1890 O. Wilde Picture of Dorian Gray xvi. 276 They moved like monstrous marionettes and made gestures like live things. 1909 Daily Chron. 5 Feb. 4/6 Marionnettes in London..may remind us of Dickens's delight with the puppet-plays he saw in Italy. 1945 Fortune Mar. 46/1 (advt.) With scarcely more effort than is used in manipulating the strings of a marionette, the man in the cab of this great dredge guides the thick cables and heavy beams. 1988 G. Adair Holy Innocents 32 Pairs of legs dangled over the graded parapets of the esplanade with the slack-limbed inertia of marionettes during the interval of a Punch and Judy show. b. figurative and in extended use: a person, institution, etc., who or which can be easily controlled or manipulated; a person with no self-will, individuality, etc. ΚΠ 1863 ‘Ouida’ Held in Bondage I. 258 Men and women are marionettes. 1868 J. Hannay Stud. Thackeray (1869) 15 He did not invent a complicated intrigue and then a set of marionettes to carry it out. 1885 R. L. Stevenson & F. Stevenson Destroying Angel in More New Arabian Nights 20 He stood in the midst of these tottering and clay-faced marionnettes [sc. people]. 1944 Polit. Sci. Q. 59 343 Such a policy would make the union leaders in the eyes of the Germans marionettes of the allies. 1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time i. ii. 28 A secret force behind the throne which degrades all visible governments into mere façade, or into marionettes whose strings are manipulated from behind the scenes. 2. U.S. regional. The bufflehead (duck), Bucephala albeola. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > genus Bucephala > bucephala albeola (bufflehead) buffel duck1732 spirit duck1785 butterbox1806 butterballa1813 marionette1838 bufflehead1858 Scotchman1888 1838 J. J. Audubon Ornithol. Biogr. IV. 217 Buffel-headed Duck..being known in these different districts [of the U.S.] by the names of..Marrionette, Dipper, and Die-dipper. 1917 T. G. Pearson Birds Amer. I. 140/1 Buffle-Head... [Also called] Conjuring Duck; Marionette. 1982 R. Elman Hunter's Field Guide (rev. ed.) 211 Bufflehead... Common and regional names: butterball,..dipper duck, marionette. †3. Weaving. In a ribbon-loom: a mechanism at the end of the batten for actuating the racks of the shuttles. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Marionette,..a small complicated arrangement at the end of the batten in a ribbon-loom, for actuating the racks of the shuttles. It is curiously life-like in its motions, whence the name. Compounds General attributive, as marionette figure, marionette play, marionette show, etc. ΚΠ 1837 C. MacFarlane Banditti & Robbers 211 The mover of the marionette bandits had meanwhile made good his escape. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics I. i. v. 50 The countless marionette figures in the brain of the theosophist. 1868 J. B. Lightfoot Epist. Philippians (1869) 268 In the marionette plays of his native Spain St. Seneca takes his place by the side of St. Peter and St. Paul. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 41 The marionette-players will please the children. 1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost ix. 152 No drama at all, but only a very cleverly managed marionette show. 1890 B. H. Chamberlain Things Japanese 342 The plays..originated..partly in marionette dances. 1917 N. Douglas South Wind xi. 459 When you watch some of these local marionette theatres the illusion is complete. 1920 B. Kure Hist. Devel. Marionette Theatre Japan 30 There are two schools in the marionette art: Yuki School..and Bunraku School. 1976 C. Holland Floating Worlds 527 Cam bent from the waist, a marionette bow. Derivatives marioˈnette-like adj. ΚΠ 1907 Philos. Rev. 16 185 Plato was too great an artist to be restrained..by a desire for a marionette-like consistency with a pronouncement he had once made and might disregard when he chose. 1993 Guardian 3 Sept. ii. 8/5 Zappa's tunes were uncategorisable, a mixture of fairground-organ churnings, marionette-like Kurt Weillian whirlings, bits of jazz and modern classical music, bursts of rhythm and blues. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2000; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1645
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