Medusa's headn.

Brit.

/mᵻˈdjuːzəs hɛd/,

/mᵻˈdjuːsəs hɛd/,

/mᵻˈdʒuːzəs hɛd/,

/mᵻˈdʒuːsəs hɛd/, U.S.

/məˈd(j)uzəs ˌ(h)ɛd/,

/məˈd(j)usəs ˌ(h)ɛd/

Forms: 1500s Medusas headde, 1600s Medusaes head, 1600s– Medusa's head; also (in attributive use) 1800s– Medusa-head.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Medusa n., head n.¹

Etymology: < the genitive of Medusa n. + head n.¹ In sense 1 after classical Latin Gorgoneum caput, Gorgonis caput, Gorgonis ora, lit. ‘the Gorgon's head’; compare Caput Medusae at caput n. 4 and gorgon's head n. at Gorgon n. Compounds 3. Senses 2 and 3 reflect earlier uses of scientific Latin medusae or caput medusae : in sense 2, (Asterias) Caput medusae (Linnaeus Systema Naturæ (ed. 10, 1758) I. 663, after earlier Caput Medusae : G. E. Rumpf (Rumphius) D'Amboinsche Rariteitkamer (1705) i. xxxv. 41); in sense 3a, (Euphorbia) Caput medusae (Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) I. 452); in sense 3b, (Clavaria) caput-medusae (P. Bulliard and E. P. Ventenat Histoire des champignons de la France (1809) I. i. 210); in sense 3c, (Cirrhopetalum) medusae (J. Lindley 1842, in Bot. Reg. t. 12).

1. Astronomy. A cluster of stars including the bright star Algol, in the constellation Perseus. Also: Algol itself. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Perseus > part of

Medusa's head1556

1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. iv. 264 Nexte vnto hir [sc. Cassiopeia] is Perseus, with Medusas headde, and it includeth 26 starres.

1677 J. Flamsteed Let. 18 Jan. (1995) I. 532 (table) Algol in Medusas head.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) at Algol Medusa's Head.

1819 J. Wilson Compl. Dict. Astrol. 287 Medusa's head, Caput Algol: a violent fixed star of the 2d magnitude..in the constellation of Perseus.

1869 E. Dunkin Midnight Sky 51 Algol, although the second star in the constellation Perseus, is strictly in Medusa's head.

1899 R. H. Allen Star-names 333 Hipparchos and Pliny made a separate constellation of the Gorgon stars as the Head of Medusa, this descending almost to our own day, although always connected with Perseus.]

2. Zoology. Any of various echinoderms with multiply-branched arms, esp. basket stars such as Gorgonocephalus; (formerly also) †the crinoid Cenocrinus asteria (formerly known as Pentacrinus caputmedusae) (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Ophiuroidea > order Euryalae > member of

net-fish1670

Medusa's head1754

sea-basket1865

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > division Pelmatozoa > class Crinoidea > fossil or encrinite > family Pentacrinidae > member of

Medusa's head1754

pentacrinite1816

sea-palm1896

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Ophiuroidea > order Euryalae > family Astrophytidae > member of genus Astrophyton

net-fish1670

basket-fish1753

Medusa's head1754

sea-basket1865

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2032/1 Medusa's head, in natural history, a name given by some to the star-fish.

1790 Coll. Voy. round World IV. ii. 1292 Upon the beach were found many pretty Medusa's-heads.

1848 S. Maunder Treasury Nat. Hist. 414/2 Medusa's Head, a name sometimes applied to those species of Star-fishes which have the rays very much branched.

1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 152 It came up loaded with Astrophyton Agassizii, or Medusa's Head, and other kinds of starfish.

1992 J. Hamilton-Paterson Seven-tenths v. i. 154 Sir John not only established this temperature at a depth of 1,050 fathoms but he also brought up a beautiful ‘Medusa's Head’ starfish (a basket star) from the same depth.

3. Botany.

a. A South African spurge, Euphorbia caput-medusae, with many long intertwining stems.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Euphorbiaceae (spurges and allies) > [noun]

catapucec1386

Euphorbiaa1398

spurgea1400

tithymala1400

faitour's grassc1440

cat's-grassc1450

nettlewort1523

essell1527

lint-spurge1548

sea wartwort1548

spurge thyme1548

line-spurge1562

myrtle spurge1562

sun spurge1562

wolf's-milk1575

cypress tithymal1578

devil's milk1578

mercury1578

sea-spurge1597

sun tithymal1597

welcome to our house1597

wood-spurge1597

Euphorbium1606

milk-reed1611

milkwort1640

sun-turning spurge1640

spurge-wort1647

caper-bush1673

Portland spurge1715

milkweed1736

Medusa's head1760

little-good1808

welcome-home-husband1828

three-seeded mercury1846

cat's-milk1861

turnsole1863–79

mole-tree1864

snow-on-the-mountain1873

seven sisters1879

caper-plant1882

asthma herb1887

mountain snow1889

crown of thorns1890

olifants melkbos1898

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 319 Medusa's Head, Euphorbia.

1794 T. Martyn tr. J. J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. (ed. 4) xx. 282 Medusa's head is of the second section. The stalks are closely covered with tubercles,..and from the sides of these spring many branches, which are frequently so entwined as to give the idea of a parcel of serpents.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 728/1 Medusa's Head. Euphorbia Caput Medusæ.

1980 Wild Flowers S. Afr. (National Botanic Gardens S. Afr., Kirstenbosch) (1992) 24 (caption) Euphorbia caput-medusae, Medusa's head, Vingerpol.

b. An agaric (toadstool), Psathyrella caput-medusae, with a pale cap bearing a pattern of brownish hairy scales.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > agaricus fungi

champignon1578

mousserona1655

fairy mushroom1784

fly-agaric1788

Medusa's head1822

Armillaria1829

Clitocybe1836

fly-bane1863

fairies' table1878

muscat1887

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 207 The plants that..have been most frequently gathered are, the bulbous agaric, the Medusa's head [etc.].

1871 M. C. Cooke Handbk. Fungi 297 Hydnum caput-medusæ Bull. Medusa-head Hydnum.

1887 W. D. Hay Elem. Text-bk. Brit. Fungi 119 Hydnum Caput-Medusæ; the Medusa's Head.

c. More fully Medusa's head orchid. Any of various chiefly Malaysian epiphytic orchids constituting the genus Bulbophyllum, characterized by very long threadlike lateral sepals, esp. B. medusae.

ΚΠ

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 728/1 Medusa's Head..; also Cirrhopetalum Medusæ.

1902 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 5) 67 Cirrhopetalum (Medusa's Head Orchid)... Stove epiphytal evergreen orchids. Nat. Java, Phillipine Islands, Singapore.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	medusas head
释义	Medusa's headn. Brit. /mᵻˈdjuːzəs hɛd/, /mᵻˈdjuːsəs hɛd/, /mᵻˈdʒuːzəs hɛd/, /mᵻˈdʒuːsəs hɛd/, U.S. /məˈd(j)uzəs ˌ(h)ɛd/, /məˈd(j)usəs ˌ(h)ɛd/ Forms: 1500s Medusas headde, 1600s Medusaes head, 1600s– Medusa's head; also (in attributive use) 1800s– Medusa-head. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Medusa n., head n.¹ Etymology: < the genitive of Medusa n. + head n.¹ In sense 1 after classical Latin Gorgoneum caput, Gorgonis caput, Gorgonis ora, lit. ‘the Gorgon's head’; compare Caput Medusae at caput n. 4 and gorgon's head n. at Gorgon n. Compounds 3. Senses 2 and 3 reflect earlier uses of scientific Latin medusae or caput medusae : in sense 2, (Asterias) Caput medusae (Linnaeus Systema Naturæ (ed. 10, 1758) I. 663, after earlier Caput Medusae : G. E. Rumpf (Rumphius) D'Amboinsche Rariteitkamer (1705) i. xxxv. 41); in sense 3a, (Euphorbia) Caput medusae (Linnaeus Species Plantarum (1753) I. 452); in sense 3b, (Clavaria) caput-medusae (P. Bulliard and E. P. Ventenat Histoire des champignons de la France (1809) I. i. 210); in sense 3c, (Cirrhopetalum) medusae (J. Lindley 1842, in Bot. Reg. t. 12). 1. Astronomy. A cluster of stars including the bright star Algol, in the constellation Perseus. Also: Algol itself. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Perseus > part of Medusa's head1556 1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. iv. 264 Nexte vnto hir [sc. Cassiopeia] is Perseus, with Medusas headde, and it includeth 26 starres. 1677 J. Flamsteed Let. 18 Jan. (1995) I. 532 (table) Algol in Medusas head. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) at Algol Medusa's Head. 1819 J. Wilson Compl. Dict. Astrol. 287 Medusa's head, Caput Algol: a violent fixed star of the 2d magnitude..in the constellation of Perseus. 1869 E. Dunkin Midnight Sky 51 Algol, although the second star in the constellation Perseus, is strictly in Medusa's head. 1899 R. H. Allen Star-names 333 Hipparchos and Pliny made a separate constellation of the Gorgon stars as the Head of Medusa, this descending almost to our own day, although always connected with Perseus.] 2. Zoology. Any of various echinoderms with multiply-branched arms, esp. basket stars such as Gorgonocephalus; (formerly also) †the crinoid Cenocrinus asteria (formerly known as Pentacrinus caputmedusae) (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Ophiuroidea > order Euryalae > member of net-fish1670 Medusa's head1754 sea-basket1865 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > division Pelmatozoa > class Crinoidea > fossil or encrinite > family Pentacrinidae > member of Medusa's head1754 pentacrinite1816 sea-palm1896 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Ophiuroidea > order Euryalae > family Astrophytidae > member of genus Astrophyton net-fish1670 basket-fish1753 Medusa's head1754 sea-basket1865 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2032/1 Medusa's head, in natural history, a name given by some to the star-fish. 1790 Coll. Voy. round World IV. ii. 1292 Upon the beach were found many pretty Medusa's-heads. 1848 S. Maunder Treasury Nat. Hist. 414/2 Medusa's Head, a name sometimes applied to those species of Star-fishes which have the rays very much branched. 1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 152 It came up loaded with Astrophyton Agassizii, or Medusa's Head, and other kinds of starfish. 1992 J. Hamilton-Paterson Seven-tenths v. i. 154 Sir John not only established this temperature at a depth of 1,050 fathoms but he also brought up a beautiful ‘Medusa's Head’ starfish (a basket star) from the same depth. 3. Botany. a. A South African spurge, Euphorbia caput-medusae, with many long intertwining stems. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Euphorbiaceae (spurges and allies) > [noun] catapucec1386 Euphorbiaa1398 spurgea1400 tithymala1400 faitour's grassc1440 cat's-grassc1450 nettlewort1523 essell1527 lint-spurge1548 sea wartwort1548 spurge thyme1548 line-spurge1562 myrtle spurge1562 sun spurge1562 wolf's-milk1575 cypress tithymal1578 devil's milk1578 mercury1578 sea-spurge1597 sun tithymal1597 welcome to our house1597 wood-spurge1597 Euphorbium1606 milk-reed1611 milkwort1640 sun-turning spurge1640 spurge-wort1647 caper-bush1673 Portland spurge1715 milkweed1736 Medusa's head1760 little-good1808 welcome-home-husband1828 three-seeded mercury1846 cat's-milk1861 turnsole1863–79 mole-tree1864 snow-on-the-mountain1873 seven sisters1879 caper-plant1882 asthma herb1887 mountain snow1889 crown of thorns1890 olifants melkbos1898 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 319 Medusa's Head, Euphorbia. 1794 T. Martyn tr. J. J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. (ed. 4) xx. 282 Medusa's head is of the second section. The stalks are closely covered with tubercles,..and from the sides of these spring many branches, which are frequently so entwined as to give the idea of a parcel of serpents. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 728/1 Medusa's Head. Euphorbia Caput Medusæ. 1980 Wild Flowers S. Afr. (National Botanic Gardens S. Afr., Kirstenbosch) (1992) 24 (caption) Euphorbia caput-medusae, Medusa's head, Vingerpol. b. An agaric (toadstool), Psathyrella caput-medusae, with a pale cap bearing a pattern of brownish hairy scales. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > agaricus fungi champignon1578 mousserona1655 fairy mushroom1784 fly-agaric1788 Medusa's head1822 Armillaria1829 Clitocybe1836 fly-bane1863 fairies' table1878 muscat1887 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 207 The plants that..have been most frequently gathered are, the bulbous agaric, the Medusa's head [etc.]. 1871 M. C. Cooke Handbk. Fungi 297 Hydnum caput-medusæ Bull. Medusa-head Hydnum. 1887 W. D. Hay Elem. Text-bk. Brit. Fungi 119 Hydnum Caput-Medusæ; the Medusa's Head. c. More fully Medusa's head orchid. Any of various chiefly Malaysian epiphytic orchids constituting the genus Bulbophyllum, characterized by very long threadlike lateral sepals, esp. B. medusae. ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 728/1 Medusa's Head..; also Cirrhopetalum Medusæ. 1902 T. W. Sanders Encycl. Gardening (ed. 5) 67 Cirrhopetalum (Medusa's Head Orchid)... Stove epiphytal evergreen orchids. Nat. Java, Phillipine Islands, Singapore. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1556
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