Matabelen.adj.

Brit.

/ˌmatəˈbiːli/, U.S.

/ˌmædəˈbili/

Inflections: Plural Matabeles, unchanged.

Forms: 1800s Matabeli, 1800s Matabelly, 1800s Matabili, 1800s Matebeley, 1800s Metabili, 1800s– Matebele.

Origin: A borrowing from Sotho. Etymon: Sotho Matabele.

Etymology: < Sotho Matabele (singular Letebele ) < ma- , plural prefix + -tebele , term applied by the Sotho and Tswana peoples to invading Zulu regiments, either < teba to sink down (with reference to the Zulu battle tactic of crouching behind their large shields), or < thebe shield. Compare Ndebele n.

Now chiefly historical (except in compounds).

A. n.

Originally: a member of an Nguni people who fled north of the Limpopo during the population movement known as the Mfecane in the early 19th cent., eventually settling in the Bulawayo region of Zimbabwe. Later: a member of the Ndebele people, esp. in Zimbabwe. Also in extended use (see quot. 1925).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of Southern Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples

Xhosa1801

amaXhosa1809

Matabele1823

Amapondo1824

amaZulu1829

Bapedi1835

Basotho1835

knobnose1848

Ovambo1853

Sotho1883

Tonga1891

Ronga1899

Venda1901

Pedi1912

Mopedi1928

Ndebele1930

Lobedu1933

Tsonga1937

Pondo1950

Nguni1957

1823 R. Moffat Jrnl. 27 May in I. Schapera Apprenticeship at Kuruman (1951) iv. 84 Several men from the Barolongs had just passed them on their way to Mahumapeloo to request their assistance..to endeavor to make the Matabeles retreat.

1835 A. Smith Diary 16 June (1940) II. 75 Most of the people appeared to be the original inhabitants of the country, having a different look to the Matabeli.

1839 W. C. Harris Wild Sports S. Afr. iv. 22 The country of Moselekatse, king of the Abaka Zooloos, or Matabili.

1849 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 284 The Matabele entered the town with the roar of the lion.

1894 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 23 83 As soon as a Matabele is dead his relations tie the corpse in a blanket.

1896 F. C. Selous Sunshine & Storm Rhodesia viii. 64 I should not be at all surprised to see it stated that the rebellion was caused by the inhuman behaviour of the white men in Rhodesia, who, it will be said, were in the habit of shooting down the poor, meek, inoffensive Matabele.

1925 A. Werner in J. A. MacCulloch Mythol. all Races VII. ii. vii. 246 There are various tribes of ogres having only one arm and one leg, while others..have not this peculiarity. The Basuto call the former class of beings ‘Matabele’—probably from having come to look on their dreaded enemies, the Zulu tribe of that name, as something scarcely human.

1936 Discovery June 172/1 The Xulu-Xosa (including the so-called ‘Kaffirs’, and the Matabele).

1989 W. Smith Time to Die 64 He was a Matabele when the power was in the hands of the Shona tribe.

1990 R. Stengel January Sun 34 Mzilikazi..led a fierce tribe in the Magaliesberg region of the western Transvaal. They were known as the Matabele.

B. adj. (attributive).

Of or belonging to the Ndebele people.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of Southern Africa > [adjective] > Bantu peoples

Xhosa1812

Morolong1822

amaXhosa1824

Zulu1824

Sotho1827

amaZulu1828

Amapondo1830

African1832

Matabele1835

knob-nosed1838

Manganja1859

Pondo1872

Bapedi1878

Ovambo1897

Tsonga1907

Venda1913

Pedi1922

Nguni1929

Lobedu1937

Mosotho1955

1835 A. Smith Diary 29 Aug. (1940) II. 186 They walked boldly in though they saw the Matabeli, saluted all the white people with ‘Moron’ and then went towards the Matabeli fire.

1846 Littell's Living Age 24 Oct. 155/2 Kiveit..was conversant with the Matabili language.

1849 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 282 At last, they came to the outposts of the Matabele tribe.

1854 R. Moffat Matabele Jrnls. (1945) I. 319 Scarcely a child is to be seen in a real Matabele town.

1871 J. Mackenzie Ten Years North of Orange River Intro. 2 They had indeed some misgivings about returning to a country which they had evacuated through fear of their sworn enemies the Matebele Zulus.

1885 H. R. Haggard King Solomon's Mines iv. 50 Inyati, the outlying trading station in the Matabele country, of which Lobengula..is king.

1919 H. H. Johnston Compar. Study Bantu & Semi-Bantu Lang. I. v. 798 Tebele (Sindebele). This dialect of the Matabele (Amandebele) Zulus [etc.].

1967 T. O. Ranger Revolt in S. Rhodesia i. 38 The Company made use of the missionaries for its own ends, employing them to obtain a favourable press for the Matabele war.

1990 Oxf. Illustr. Hist. Christianity (1993) xiii. 482 The London Missionary Society's agents have been accused of persuading the Matabele king Lobengula to grant Rhodes's British South Africa Company the necessary concession to mine for gold.

Compounds

Matabele ant n. a large black stinging ant, Megaponera foetens, found in Zimbabwe.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > member of genus Megaponera (Matabele ant)

Matabele ant1924

1924 E. Step Go to Ant xiii. 193 One of these [stink ants] is the Stink Ant proper (Paltothyreus tarsatus) and the other is the Matabele Ant (Megaponera foetens).

1932 Discovery July 225/2 The big black Matabele ant, Megaponera foetens, often marched through our camp in military formation.

1990 Ethol., Ecol. & Evol. 2 398 The worker caste of the Matabele ant, Megaponera foetens, shows marked bimodal polyphenism.., a trait almost unique amongst the ponerine ants.

Matabele flower n. South African a semi-parasitic weed of maize crops, Striga lutea ( S. asiatica) (also called witchweed).

ΚΠ

1913 C. Pettman Africanderisms 312 Matabele flower, Species of Striga is so called.

1917 R. Marloth Flora S. Afr.: Dict. Common Names 90 Witchweed,..A parasitical herb of mealie-fields, also called Rooiblom or Isona or Matabele flower.

1966 C. A. Smith Common Names S. Afr. Plants 333 Matabele flower, Striga asiatica... The vernacular name is said to be an allusion to the havoc created by this parasite in mealie (maize) lands, suggestive of the destruction wrought by the Matabele impis of the [18]70's but also said to refer to the appearance of the species in northern Bechuanaland after a Matabele raid during the same period.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	matabele
释义	Matabelen.adj. Brit. /ˌmatəˈbiːli/, U.S. /ˌmædəˈbili/ Inflections: Plural Matabeles, unchanged. Forms: 1800s Matabeli, 1800s Matabelly, 1800s Matabili, 1800s Matebeley, 1800s Metabili, 1800s– Matebele. Origin: A borrowing from Sotho. Etymon: Sotho Matabele. Etymology: < Sotho Matabele (singular Letebele ) < ma- , plural prefix + -tebele , term applied by the Sotho and Tswana peoples to invading Zulu regiments, either < teba to sink down (with reference to the Zulu battle tactic of crouching behind their large shields), or < thebe shield. Compare Ndebele n. Now chiefly historical (except in compounds). A. n. Originally: a member of an Nguni people who fled north of the Limpopo during the population movement known as the Mfecane in the early 19th cent., eventually settling in the Bulawayo region of Zimbabwe. Later: a member of the Ndebele people, esp. in Zimbabwe. Also in extended use (see quot. 1925). ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of Southern Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples Xhosa1801 amaXhosa1809 Matabele1823 Amapondo1824 amaZulu1829 Bapedi1835 Basotho1835 knobnose1848 Ovambo1853 Sotho1883 Tonga1891 Ronga1899 Venda1901 Pedi1912 Mopedi1928 Ndebele1930 Lobedu1933 Tsonga1937 Pondo1950 Nguni1957 1823 R. Moffat Jrnl. 27 May in I. Schapera Apprenticeship at Kuruman (1951) iv. 84 Several men from the Barolongs had just passed them on their way to Mahumapeloo to request their assistance..to endeavor to make the Matabeles retreat. 1835 A. Smith Diary 16 June (1940) II. 75 Most of the people appeared to be the original inhabitants of the country, having a different look to the Matabeli. 1839 W. C. Harris Wild Sports S. Afr. iv. 22 The country of Moselekatse, king of the Abaka Zooloos, or Matabili. 1849 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 284 The Matabele entered the town with the roar of the lion. 1894 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 23 83 As soon as a Matabele is dead his relations tie the corpse in a blanket. 1896 F. C. Selous Sunshine & Storm Rhodesia viii. 64 I should not be at all surprised to see it stated that the rebellion was caused by the inhuman behaviour of the white men in Rhodesia, who, it will be said, were in the habit of shooting down the poor, meek, inoffensive Matabele. 1925 A. Werner in J. A. MacCulloch Mythol. all Races VII. ii. vii. 246 There are various tribes of ogres having only one arm and one leg, while others..have not this peculiarity. The Basuto call the former class of beings ‘Matabele’—probably from having come to look on their dreaded enemies, the Zulu tribe of that name, as something scarcely human. 1936 Discovery June 172/1 The Xulu-Xosa (including the so-called ‘Kaffirs’, and the Matabele). 1989 W. Smith Time to Die 64 He was a Matabele when the power was in the hands of the Shona tribe. 1990 R. Stengel January Sun 34 Mzilikazi..led a fierce tribe in the Magaliesberg region of the western Transvaal. They were known as the Matabele. B. adj. (attributive). Of or belonging to the Ndebele people. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of Southern Africa > [adjective] > Bantu peoples Xhosa1812 Morolong1822 amaXhosa1824 Zulu1824 Sotho1827 amaZulu1828 Amapondo1830 African1832 Matabele1835 knob-nosed1838 Manganja1859 Pondo1872 Bapedi1878 Ovambo1897 Tsonga1907 Venda1913 Pedi1922 Nguni1929 Lobedu1937 Mosotho1955 1835 A. Smith Diary 29 Aug. (1940) II. 186 They walked boldly in though they saw the Matabeli, saluted all the white people with ‘Moron’ and then went towards the Matabeli fire. 1846 Littell's Living Age 24 Oct. 155/2 Kiveit..was conversant with the Matabili language. 1849 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 282 At last, they came to the outposts of the Matabele tribe. 1854 R. Moffat Matabele Jrnls. (1945) I. 319 Scarcely a child is to be seen in a real Matabele town. 1871 J. Mackenzie Ten Years North of Orange River Intro. 2 They had indeed some misgivings about returning to a country which they had evacuated through fear of their sworn enemies the Matebele Zulus. 1885 H. R. Haggard King Solomon's Mines iv. 50 Inyati, the outlying trading station in the Matabele country, of which Lobengula..is king. 1919 H. H. Johnston Compar. Study Bantu & Semi-Bantu Lang. I. v. 798 Tebele (Sindebele). This dialect of the Matabele (Amandebele) Zulus [etc.]. 1967 T. O. Ranger Revolt in S. Rhodesia i. 38 The Company made use of the missionaries for its own ends, employing them to obtain a favourable press for the Matabele war. 1990 Oxf. Illustr. Hist. Christianity (1993) xiii. 482 The London Missionary Society's agents have been accused of persuading the Matabele king Lobengula to grant Rhodes's British South Africa Company the necessary concession to mine for gold. Compounds Matabele ant n. a large black stinging ant, Megaponera foetens, found in Zimbabwe. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > member of genus Megaponera (Matabele ant) Matabele ant1924 1924 E. Step Go to Ant xiii. 193 One of these [stink ants] is the Stink Ant proper (Paltothyreus tarsatus) and the other is the Matabele Ant (Megaponera foetens). 1932 Discovery July 225/2 The big black Matabele ant, Megaponera foetens, often marched through our camp in military formation. 1990 Ethol., Ecol. & Evol. 2 398 The worker caste of the Matabele ant, Megaponera foetens, shows marked bimodal polyphenism.., a trait almost unique amongst the ponerine ants. Matabele flower n. South African a semi-parasitic weed of maize crops, Striga lutea ( S. asiatica) (also called witchweed). ΚΠ 1913 C. Pettman Africanderisms 312 Matabele flower, Species of Striga is so called. 1917 R. Marloth Flora S. Afr.: Dict. Common Names 90 Witchweed,..A parasitical herb of mealie-fields, also called Rooiblom or Isona or Matabele flower. 1966 C. A. Smith Common Names S. Afr. Plants 333 Matabele flower, Striga asiatica... The vernacular name is said to be an allusion to the havoc created by this parasite in mealie (maize) lands, suggestive of the destruction wrought by the Matabele impis of the [18]70's but also said to refer to the appearance of the species in northern Bechuanaland after a Matabele raid during the same period. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1823
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