† methen.

Forms: Old English–early Middle English mæþ, Old English–early Middle English mæð, early Middle English mæȝð (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English mæðe, early Middle English maðe, early Middle English meað, early Middle English mede, early Middle English með, early Middle English meðe, Middle English meeþ, Middle English meþ, Middle English meþe, Middle English meth, Middle English methe.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: < the Indo-European base of ancient Greek μῆτις counsel, classical Latin mētīrī to measure (see measure n.); apparently not attested in Germanic outside English. The Indo-European base is an extended form of a base with the sense ‘to measure’, which (with various extensions) has many reflexes (see meal n.²).In Middle English often used interchangeably (or in pairing) with met n.¹ in corresponding senses. The early Middle English form mede perhaps arose independently as a back-formation after compounds of methe where Old English -ðl- became -dl- (compare such forms as Old English mēdlic s.v. methely adj., early Middle English meadles , medles s.v. metheless adj.).

Obsolete.

a. Measure, proportion.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. xii. 34 Hie..for Godes lufan be ðæs gyltes mæþe forgifnesse doð.

OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Deut. (Claud.) xxii. 17 Gif se fæder hi him syllan nelle, gylde be ðære gyftan mæðe.

c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 1135 (MED) Hou fynliche..God loueþ þe Þat wolde deþ þolen þorw pyne wiþouten meþ, To saue þi soule.

b. Due measure, what is fitting or right; one's right or due.

ΚΠ

OE Laws of Æðelred II (Claud.) vi. xlix. 258 Manna gehwylc oþrum beode þæt riht, þæt he wille, þæt man him beode, be þam þe hit mæð sy.

OE Battle of Maldon (1942) 195 Manna ma þonne hit ænig mæð wære.

OE Wulfstan Outline of Hist. (Hatton) (1957) 153 And he þeah, swa hit mæð wæs, fægere forðwerd.

c1175 ( Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Bodl. 343) (1894) 28 Ane bene leof ic ȝyrnen wolde, ȝif hit min mæȝð wære þet ic hit ȝyrnan durste.

a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) lxxix. 6 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 214 (MED) Þou salt fede vs with brede of teres eth And gif vs drink in teres in meth [L. in mensura].

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 247 Al in mesure and meþe watz mad þe vengiaunce.

2. Ability, capability, capacity. mouth's methe: capacity for food and drink, appetite (cf. at one's mouth's met at met n.¹ Phrases 2).

ΚΠ

eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xlii. 147 Ðeah hit ure mæð ne sie þæt we witen hwylc he sie, we sculon þeah..fandian.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) ix. 252 Gif ðu oncnæwst þinne drihten mid þinum æhtum be þinre mæðe, hit fremað ðe sylfum to þam ecan life.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxx. 260 Man sceal læwedum mannum secgan be heora andgites mæðe.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 11 (MED) Þar man ne can his muðes meðe, ne cunnen nele, ne his wombe met.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 13 Temperancia..is riht medeme mel; þe man gemeð his muðes meðe and of his wombe mete.

?c1335 Erthe upon Erthe (Harl. 913) (1911) 4 (MED) He is king of blis and mon of moche mede [L. mensura], Þat deliþ þe dai fram niȝt and leniþ lif and dede [L. mortem].

a1450 (?c1350) Pride of Life l. 497 in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 105 (MED) Bot he ne hath miȝt ne meth Þe King of Lif to afere.

3. Respect, consideration; kindness, compassion; mercy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > [noun] > relative quantity or amount

i-metOE

metheOE

measure1552

proportion1603

scale1607

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [noun]

manshipOE

metheOE

courtesy?c1225

debonairty?c1225

gentrice?c1225

debonairshipa1240

hendlaika1250

fairnessc1275

hendiness?a1300

hendshipc1300

meeknessc1300

bonairty1303

bonairnessc1375

debonairness1382

humanityc1384

menskinga1400

hendnessc1400

comity1542

civilness1556

civility1561

courtshipa1640

discretion1752

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [adjective]

metheOE

hendc1225

debonairc1230

hendya1250

courteousc1275

hendlyc1275

bonairc1300

quaintc1300

sweetc1330

graciousa1375

meetha1400

debonary1402

debonariousc1485

humanec1500

civil1565

genty1660

discreet1739

polite1751

politeful1832

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > considerateness

metheOE

consideration1415

officiosity1565

officiousness1596

considerateness1748

thoughtfulness1813

accommodativeness1834

OE Wulfstan Institutes of Polity (Junius) 140 Ælc cristen man ah mycle þearfe, þæt he on þam griðe mycle mæþe wite.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 977 Ȝif we sceoteð to heora mæðe [c1300 Otho meþe], þat bið ure imone deað.

?a1300 Sayings St. Bernard (Digby) 759 (MED) If ich þe bere to muchel meþ, Þou wilt me bringen helle deþ.

c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 318 (MED) Heo him duden in prisun of deþ And pyneden him sore wiþouten meþ.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 816 (MED) All at left was o lyfe..in his mercy & meth mekely þaim put.

4. Moderation, temperance, restraint.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > restrained or moderate behaviour > [noun]

i-metOE

hovec1175

metc1175

methec1175

measurec1225

measure?c1225

temperancea1340

methefulnessc1350

temperurec1380

mannera1382

mannernessa1382

sobernessc1384

attemperancec1386

measurablenessa1400

amesingc1400

meanheada1425

mediocrity?a1425

moderation?a1425

moderancea1460

temperancy1526

mean1531

modesty1531

temperature1536

measure-keeping1556

moderateness1571

moderature1574

sobriety1582

mediety1583

moderacy1601

temperateness1609

reserve1660

medium1693

soft pedal1899

met1932

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2573 Ȝho wass full of mett. & mæþ..Swa þatt nan þing att oferrdon. Ne keppte ȝho to follȝhenn.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 29 Cune sume meðe, þenne þu almesse makest.

c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 22 Mi þridde suster meað spekeð of þe middel sti bituhhe riht.

J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) 86 The seuent vertu and the laste is methe or methefulnesse,—Temperancia.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 1716 (MED) Etheldrede oȝte not to be kynge..for he was so ȝonge a thyng & couȝthe nowthre mesure ny methe.

a1525 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Trin. Dublin) (1896) 98 (MED) Reymond was a man..of moche methe [v.r. mette] & of grete purueyaunce..heet & cool, al I-lyche, wel he myght suffre.

5. Modesty, gentleness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > modesty > [noun]

simplesse1340

methec1390

simplenessc1400

demurity1483

demureness?1518

modestness1546

modesty1553

unaspiringness1681

unpretendingness1701

unassumingness1768

unostentatiousness1807

unpresumingness1837

unpretentiousness1855

unassertiveness1934

the mind > emotion > humility > modesty > [adjective]

simplec1300

measurablec1330

methec1390

murec1390

smallc1405

soleinc1450

timorous1474

modest1561

unbragging1570

unboldened1591

unpresuming1607

bragless1609

unambitious1621

boastless1632

unpompous1656

verecundous1656

sober1659

tender-foreheaded1659

unpragmatical1673

unpretending1681

unpresumptuous1704

unimportant1727

unaspiringa1729

inambitious1729

unassuming1730

unostentatiousa1739

unboastful1744

pretensionless1748

unarrogating1748

uncontending1748

unopinionated1775

unboasting1802

underbearing1802

mousy1812

un-ultra1817

unarrogant1831

low-flying1835

unconceited1838

unpretentious1838

uninflated1861

unvain1863

unbumptious1865

c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 140 Wiþ þi Maystrie medel þi meþ, For vche mon ouȝte him-self to knowe.

c1390 (c1300) MS Vernon Homilies in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1877) 57 269 (MED) Heo hedde Meth, as worschipful wyf, ffor heo nas nout to hastyf.

a1400 (c1300) Northern Homily: Serm. on Gospels (Coll. Phys.) in Middle Eng. Dict. at Meth(e And mari ledd hir lif wit methe In a toun that hiht nazarothe.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 7858 (MED) Of him come Iesse meke of meth.

?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 147 (MED) Amos spak with mylde meth.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† methev.

Forms: early Middle English meaði, early Middle English meðe, Middle English meþe.

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English gemǣðian.

Etymology: Probably aphetic < Old English gemǣðian (see note below) < methe n. Compare earlier methie v.Old English gemǣðian is attested only from a reading in MS. Hatton 115 (second half of the 11th cent.) of Ælfric's De Septiformi Spiritu at a point where other manuscripts have forms of methie v. (compare quot. OE at sense 1 at that entry).

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To moderate, regulate, temper. Cf. methie v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > restrained or moderate behaviour > make moderate (behaviour) [verb (transitive)]

tempera1050

methea1200

measure1340

refrainc1384

attemperc1386

obtempera1492

temperatea1568

obtemperate1575

soberize1707

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 13 Ðet foremeste is riht medeme mel; þe man þe hit meðeð riht þe suneð aleð gestninge [etc.].

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 139 He..meðede þo his liflode swo þat he was bicumelich to swiche wike.

a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 13615 Ȝyf þey hem self couþe haue meþed & als þer strokes couþe haue leþed.

2. transitive. To honour; to treat with restraint, have mercy upon, spare. Cf. methie v. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > have mercy upon

sparec825

milceeOE

arec1000

i-milcec1000

to have (also take) mercy on (also upon, of)a1225

to show (also do) mercy (to)a1225

methec1225

savea1382

miltha1400

tender1442

to take to (also into) mercy1523

mercify1596

bemercy1660

to give (or cut) (a person) some slack1968

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 151 He bihet to meaðin [c1225 Royal medin, a1250 Titus meden] ham wið swiðe heh mede.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1046 Quad god, ‘findic ðor ten or mo, Ic sal meðen ðe stede for ðo.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	methe
释义	† methen. Forms: Old English–early Middle English mæþ, Old English–early Middle English mæð, early Middle English mæȝð (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English mæðe, early Middle English maðe, early Middle English meað, early Middle English mede, early Middle English með, early Middle English meðe, Middle English meeþ, Middle English meþ, Middle English meþe, Middle English meth, Middle English methe. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: < the Indo-European base of ancient Greek μῆτις counsel, classical Latin mētīrī to measure (see measure n.); apparently not attested in Germanic outside English. The Indo-European base is an extended form of a base with the sense ‘to measure’, which (with various extensions) has many reflexes (see meal n.²).In Middle English often used interchangeably (or in pairing) with met n.¹ in corresponding senses. The early Middle English form mede perhaps arose independently as a back-formation after compounds of methe where Old English -ðl- became -dl- (compare such forms as Old English mēdlic s.v. methely adj., early Middle English meadles , medles s.v. metheless adj.). Obsolete. 1. a. Measure, proportion. ΚΠ eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. xii. 34 Hie..for Godes lufan be ðæs gyltes mæþe forgifnesse doð. OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Deut. (Claud.) xxii. 17 Gif se fæder hi him syllan nelle, gylde be ðære gyftan mæðe. c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 1135 (MED) Hou fynliche..God loueþ þe Þat wolde deþ þolen þorw pyne wiþouten meþ, To saue þi soule. b. Due measure, what is fitting or right; one's right or due. ΚΠ OE Laws of Æðelred II (Claud.) vi. xlix. 258 Manna gehwylc oþrum beode þæt riht, þæt he wille, þæt man him beode, be þam þe hit mæð sy. OE Battle of Maldon (1942) 195 Manna ma þonne hit ænig mæð wære. OE Wulfstan Outline of Hist. (Hatton) (1957) 153 And he þeah, swa hit mæð wæs, fægere forðwerd. c1175 ( Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Bodl. 343) (1894) 28 Ane bene leof ic ȝyrnen wolde, ȝif hit min mæȝð wære þet ic hit ȝyrnan durste. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) lxxix. 6 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 214 (MED) Þou salt fede vs with brede of teres eth And gif vs drink in teres in meth [L. in mensura]. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 247 Al in mesure and meþe watz mad þe vengiaunce. 2. Ability, capability, capacity. mouth's methe: capacity for food and drink, appetite (cf. at one's mouth's met at met n.¹ Phrases 2). ΚΠ eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xlii. 147 Ðeah hit ure mæð ne sie þæt we witen hwylc he sie, we sculon þeah..fandian. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) ix. 252 Gif ðu oncnæwst þinne drihten mid þinum æhtum be þinre mæðe, hit fremað ðe sylfum to þam ecan life. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxx. 260 Man sceal læwedum mannum secgan be heora andgites mæðe. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 11 (MED) Þar man ne can his muðes meðe, ne cunnen nele, ne his wombe met. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 13 Temperancia..is riht medeme mel; þe man gemeð his muðes meðe and of his wombe mete. ?c1335 Erthe upon Erthe (Harl. 913) (1911) 4 (MED) He is king of blis and mon of moche mede [L. mensura], Þat deliþ þe dai fram niȝt and leniþ lif and dede [L. mortem]. a1450 (?c1350) Pride of Life l. 497 in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 105 (MED) Bot he ne hath miȝt ne meth Þe King of Lif to afere. 3. Respect, consideration; kindness, compassion; mercy. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > [noun] > relative quantity or amount i-metOE metheOE measure1552 proportion1603 scale1607 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [noun] manshipOE metheOE courtesy?c1225 debonairty?c1225 gentrice?c1225 debonairshipa1240 hendlaika1250 fairnessc1275 hendiness?a1300 hendshipc1300 meeknessc1300 bonairty1303 bonairnessc1375 debonairness1382 humanityc1384 menskinga1400 hendnessc1400 comity1542 civilness1556 civility1561 courtshipa1640 discretion1752 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [adjective] metheOE hendc1225 debonairc1230 hendya1250 courteousc1275 hendlyc1275 bonairc1300 quaintc1300 sweetc1330 graciousa1375 meetha1400 debonary1402 debonariousc1485 humanec1500 civil1565 genty1660 discreet1739 polite1751 politeful1832 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > considerateness metheOE consideration1415 officiosity1565 officiousness1596 considerateness1748 thoughtfulness1813 accommodativeness1834 OE Wulfstan Institutes of Polity (Junius) 140 Ælc cristen man ah mycle þearfe, þæt he on þam griðe mycle mæþe wite. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 977 Ȝif we sceoteð to heora mæðe [c1300 Otho meþe], þat bið ure imone deað. ?a1300 Sayings St. Bernard (Digby) 759 (MED) If ich þe bere to muchel meþ, Þou wilt me bringen helle deþ. c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) 318 (MED) Heo him duden in prisun of deþ And pyneden him sore wiþouten meþ. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 816 (MED) All at left was o lyfe..in his mercy & meth mekely þaim put. 4. Moderation, temperance, restraint. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > restrained or moderate behaviour > [noun] i-metOE hovec1175 metc1175 methec1175 measurec1225 measure?c1225 temperancea1340 methefulnessc1350 temperurec1380 mannera1382 mannernessa1382 sobernessc1384 attemperancec1386 measurablenessa1400 amesingc1400 meanheada1425 mediocrity?a1425 moderation?a1425 moderancea1460 temperancy1526 mean1531 modesty1531 temperature1536 measure-keeping1556 moderateness1571 moderature1574 sobriety1582 mediety1583 moderacy1601 temperateness1609 reserve1660 medium1693 soft pedal1899 met1932 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2573 Ȝho wass full of mett. & mæþ..Swa þatt nan þing att oferrdon. Ne keppte ȝho to follȝhenn. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 29 Cune sume meðe, þenne þu almesse makest. c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 22 Mi þridde suster meað spekeð of þe middel sti bituhhe riht. J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) 86 The seuent vertu and the laste is methe or methefulnesse,—Temperancia. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 1716 (MED) Etheldrede oȝte not to be kynge..for he was so ȝonge a thyng & couȝthe nowthre mesure ny methe. a1525 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Trin. Dublin) (1896) 98 (MED) Reymond was a man..of moche methe [v.r. mette] & of grete purueyaunce..heet & cool, al I-lyche, wel he myght suffre. 5. Modesty, gentleness. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > modesty > [noun] simplesse1340 methec1390 simplenessc1400 demurity1483 demureness?1518 modestness1546 modesty1553 unaspiringness1681 unpretendingness1701 unassumingness1768 unostentatiousness1807 unpresumingness1837 unpretentiousness1855 unassertiveness1934 the mind > emotion > humility > modesty > [adjective] simplec1300 measurablec1330 methec1390 murec1390 smallc1405 soleinc1450 timorous1474 modest1561 unbragging1570 unboldened1591 unpresuming1607 bragless1609 unambitious1621 boastless1632 unpompous1656 verecundous1656 sober1659 tender-foreheaded1659 unpragmatical1673 unpretending1681 unpresumptuous1704 unimportant1727 unaspiringa1729 inambitious1729 unassuming1730 unostentatiousa1739 unboastful1744 pretensionless1748 unarrogating1748 uncontending1748 unopinionated1775 unboasting1802 underbearing1802 mousy1812 un-ultra1817 unarrogant1831 low-flying1835 unconceited1838 unpretentious1838 uninflated1861 unvain1863 unbumptious1865 c1390 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 140 Wiþ þi Maystrie medel þi meþ, For vche mon ouȝte him-self to knowe. c1390 (c1300) MS Vernon Homilies in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1877) 57 269 (MED) Heo hedde Meth, as worschipful wyf, ffor heo nas nout to hastyf. a1400 (c1300) Northern Homily: Serm. on Gospels (Coll. Phys.) in Middle Eng. Dict. at Meth(e And mari ledd hir lif wit methe In a toun that hiht nazarothe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 7858 (MED) Of him come Iesse meke of meth. ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 147 (MED) Amos spak with mylde meth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † methev. Forms: early Middle English meaði, early Middle English meðe, Middle English meþe. Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English gemǣðian. Etymology: Probably aphetic < Old English gemǣðian (see note below) < methe n. Compare earlier methie v.Old English gemǣðian is attested only from a reading in MS. Hatton 115 (second half of the 11th cent.) of Ælfric's De Septiformi Spiritu at a point where other manuscripts have forms of methie v. (compare quot. OE at sense 1 at that entry). Obsolete. 1. transitive. To moderate, regulate, temper. Cf. methie v. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > restrained or moderate behaviour > make moderate (behaviour) [verb (transitive)] tempera1050 methea1200 measure1340 refrainc1384 attemperc1386 obtempera1492 temperatea1568 obtemperate1575 soberize1707 a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 13 Ðet foremeste is riht medeme mel; þe man þe hit meðeð riht þe suneð aleð gestninge [etc.]. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 139 He..meðede þo his liflode swo þat he was bicumelich to swiche wike. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 13615 Ȝyf þey hem self couþe haue meþed & als þer strokes couþe haue leþed. 2. transitive. To honour; to treat with restraint, have mercy upon, spare. Cf. methie v. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > have mercy upon sparec825 milceeOE arec1000 i-milcec1000 to have (also take) mercy on (also upon, of)a1225 to show (also do) mercy (to)a1225 methec1225 savea1382 miltha1400 tender1442 to take to (also into) mercy1523 mercify1596 bemercy1660 to give (or cut) (a person) some slack1968 c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 151 He bihet to meaðin [c1225 Royal medin, a1250 Titus meden] ham wið swiðe heh mede. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1046 Quad god, ‘findic ðor ten or mo, Ic sal meðen ðe stede for ðo.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2001; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.eOEv.a1200
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