mercifuladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈməːsᵻf(ᵿ)l/, U.S.

/ˈmərsəf(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English mercifulle, Middle English merciuol, Middle English merciuolle, Middle English mercyfulle, Middle English mersiful, Middle English–1500s marcyfull, Middle English–1600s mercifull, Middle English–1600s mercyfull, Middle English–1700s mercyful, Middle English– merciful; U.S. regional 1800s– marcyful, 1800s– massiful, 1900s– mussiful; Scottish pre-1700 marcieful, pre-1700 marciefull, pre-1700 marciful, pre-1700 marcifull, pre-1700 marcyful, pre-1700 marcyfull, pre-1700 mercieful, pre-1700 merciefull, pre-1700 mercifull, pre-1700 mercyfow, pre-1700 mercyfull, pre-1700 1700s– merciful, 1800s mercifu, 1800s– mercifil (Shetland).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mercy n., -ful suffix.

Etymology: < mercy n. + -ful suffix.

A. adj.

1. Having or exercising mercy; characterized by mercy; compassionate.Also frequently in exclamatory phrases invoking God, heaven, etc., as merciful God!, merciful heavens!, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > compassion > [adjective] > merciful

mild-hearteOE

orefulOE

mild-hearteda1200

merciablec1225

milcefulc1225

mildfulc1225

mildheartfulc1225

milthc1300

merciful1340

milfulc1425

sparingc1480

clement1483

misericordious1483

misericordc1485

undispiteous1598

misericorsa1600

remissful1603

clementious1632

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 188 (MED) By merciuol and reuþeuol to þe uaderlyese.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. v. 7 Blessid be mercyful men, for thei shuln gete mercye.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 18359 (MED) Þi wille is merciful wiþynne, So þou dost awey oure synne.

a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) cxliv. 8 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 270 (MED) Mercifulle and mildeherted in lande, Lauerd..And his rewþes ouer alle werkes hisse.

c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 173 The moost mercyfull and allmighty Creatore.

1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Aiii Mercyfull also & pyteous she was vnto suche as was greuyd & wrongfully troubled.

1531 W. Tyndale Expos. Fyrste Epist. St. Jhon sig. A.ii Understandynge them [sc. the promises of mercie]..after the mercifullest facion.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Prol. f. 2^v How gratious and mercifull he is to al trew penitent and faithful persones.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) v. i. 181 Though the Seas threaten they are mercifull, I haue curs'd them without cause.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. vi. §11 The mercifull nature of God.

1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 21 But God is Merciful too Child.

1798 S. T. Coleridge Dungeon in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 139 Is this the only cure? Merciful God!

1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 566 It was merciful not to add a thousand [facts] whilst he was about it.

1851 W. H. Dixon W. Penn ix. 304 She had obeyed the merciful promptings of her heart in sheltering a fellow-creature.

1862 W. M. Thackeray Notch on Axe ii, in Early & Late Papers (1867) 377 Merciful powers! I remember.

1886 C. F. Woolson East Angels xxxvii. 577 Merciful Heaven!..do you care for him?—is that it?

1904 G. K. Chesterton Napoleon of Notting Hill i. i. 16 The world was growing more merciful, and therefore no one would ever desire to kill.

1988 J. Hersey God's Typhoon in Fling (1990) 16 This God whom I welcomed at last was both merciful and angry, for He had forgiven me my trespasses and punished Dr. Wyman for his.

2. That comes as a mercy; affording relief from misery or suffering, or (in weakened sense) from something unpleasant or awkward. Hence: fortunate, welcome. Cf. mercy n. 5.

ΚΠ

1836 Wilson's Hist. Tales Borders III. 66 Its merciful he couldna tak awa my reputation along wi my leather.

1877 M. T. P. Mann Guide to Kindergarten 54 The forbidden fruit is that which will hurt the child; i.e., give it the disease which by and by may make death a merciful release from pains intolerable to bear.

1901 M. Beerbohm Around Theatres (1924) I. 270 A little bore, whose oxymoronically belated-premature death we hail..as a merciful release.

1926 Amer. Mercury Mar. 373/1 Just how the merciful removal from the theatre of such fathomless mushheads..may be regarded as a damage to the theatre is surely a problem for a professor of the higher logic.

1976 G. Gordon 100 Scenes from Married Life 60 At first Edward had invented elaborate excuses for not going; occasionally they were genuine: a previous engagement (merciful release), a grandparent coming to stay, Ann or a child ill.

1985 J. Mortimer Paradise Postponed xvi. 187 There was a merciful gap in Leslie's speech, into which the Chairman hurried to pour oil.

B. n.

With plural agreement. With the. Merciful people as a class. Also (in quot. c1475 at sense A. 1) as a count noun: a person who shows or exercises mercy.In many cases an echo or translation of Matthew 5:7, rendered in the King James Bible (1611) as ‘Blessed are the mercifull: for they shall obtaine mercie.’

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun] > mercy > one who

merciful1340

milcera1400

merciera1416

sparer1572

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 96/3 (MED) Yblissed byeþ þe merciuolle, uor hi ssolle uynde merci.

?c1430 (?1383) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 328 Blissed be þe mercyful.

c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) 1132 (MED) Ye be reformyde in felynge..Be wyche ye haue lyknes of Gode mest Ande of þat mercyfull very congnycyon.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. xxii. 26 With the merciful thou wilt shew thyselfe mercifull.

1795 J. Belknap Sacred Poetry: Hymns 130 They, who forgive, shall find Remission, in that day, When all the merciful and kind Thy pity shall repay.

1810 L. Aikin Epist. Women 138 Calmly trust The Wise, the Merciful, the Just.

1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch IV. lxxi. 170 He sat an object of compassion for the merciful.

1909 Chatterbox 286/2 He whom his courtiers style the wise, the just, the merciful, is about to ride over and crush us.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	merciful
释义	mercifuladj.n. Brit. /ˈməːsᵻf(ᵿ)l/, U.S. /ˈmərsəf(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English mercifulle, Middle English merciuol, Middle English merciuolle, Middle English mercyfulle, Middle English mersiful, Middle English–1500s marcyfull, Middle English–1600s mercifull, Middle English–1600s mercyfull, Middle English–1700s mercyful, Middle English– merciful; U.S. regional 1800s– marcyful, 1800s– massiful, 1900s– mussiful; Scottish pre-1700 marcieful, pre-1700 marciefull, pre-1700 marciful, pre-1700 marcifull, pre-1700 marcyful, pre-1700 marcyfull, pre-1700 mercieful, pre-1700 merciefull, pre-1700 mercifull, pre-1700 mercyfow, pre-1700 mercyfull, pre-1700 1700s– merciful, 1800s mercifu, 1800s– mercifil (Shetland). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mercy n., -ful suffix. Etymology: < mercy n. + -ful suffix. A. adj. 1. Having or exercising mercy; characterized by mercy; compassionate.Also frequently in exclamatory phrases invoking God, heaven, etc., as merciful God!, merciful heavens!, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > [adjective] > merciful mild-hearteOE orefulOE mild-hearteda1200 merciablec1225 milcefulc1225 mildfulc1225 mildheartfulc1225 milthc1300 merciful1340 milfulc1425 sparingc1480 clement1483 misericordious1483 misericordc1485 undispiteous1598 misericorsa1600 remissful1603 clementious1632 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 188 (MED) By merciuol and reuþeuol to þe uaderlyese. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. v. 7 Blessid be mercyful men, for thei shuln gete mercye. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 18359 (MED) Þi wille is merciful wiþynne, So þou dost awey oure synne. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) cxliv. 8 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 270 (MED) Mercifulle and mildeherted in lande, Lauerd..And his rewþes ouer alle werkes hisse. c1475 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Univ. Coll. Oxf.) (1974) 173 The moost mercyfull and allmighty Creatore. 1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Aiii Mercyfull also & pyteous she was vnto suche as was greuyd & wrongfully troubled. 1531 W. Tyndale Expos. Fyrste Epist. St. Jhon sig. A.ii Understandynge them [sc. the promises of mercie]..after the mercifullest facion. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Prol. f. 2^v How gratious and mercifull he is to al trew penitent and faithful persones. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) v. i. 181 Though the Seas threaten they are mercifull, I haue curs'd them without cause. View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. vi. §11 The mercifull nature of God. 1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 21 But God is Merciful too Child. 1798 S. T. Coleridge Dungeon in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 139 Is this the only cure? Merciful God! 1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 566 It was merciful not to add a thousand [facts] whilst he was about it. 1851 W. H. Dixon W. Penn ix. 304 She had obeyed the merciful promptings of her heart in sheltering a fellow-creature. 1862 W. M. Thackeray Notch on Axe ii, in Early & Late Papers (1867) 377 Merciful powers! I remember. 1886 C. F. Woolson East Angels xxxvii. 577 Merciful Heaven!..do you care for him?—is that it? 1904 G. K. Chesterton Napoleon of Notting Hill i. i. 16 The world was growing more merciful, and therefore no one would ever desire to kill. 1988 J. Hersey God's Typhoon in Fling (1990) 16 This God whom I welcomed at last was both merciful and angry, for He had forgiven me my trespasses and punished Dr. Wyman for his. 2. That comes as a mercy; affording relief from misery or suffering, or (in weakened sense) from something unpleasant or awkward. Hence: fortunate, welcome. Cf. mercy n. 5. ΚΠ 1836 Wilson's Hist. Tales Borders III. 66 Its merciful he couldna tak awa my reputation along wi my leather. 1877 M. T. P. Mann Guide to Kindergarten 54 The forbidden fruit is that which will hurt the child; i.e., give it the disease which by and by may make death a merciful release from pains intolerable to bear. 1901 M. Beerbohm Around Theatres (1924) I. 270 A little bore, whose oxymoronically belated-premature death we hail..as a merciful release. 1926 Amer. Mercury Mar. 373/1 Just how the merciful removal from the theatre of such fathomless mushheads..may be regarded as a damage to the theatre is surely a problem for a professor of the higher logic. 1976 G. Gordon 100 Scenes from Married Life 60 At first Edward had invented elaborate excuses for not going; occasionally they were genuine: a previous engagement (merciful release), a grandparent coming to stay, Ann or a child ill. 1985 J. Mortimer Paradise Postponed xvi. 187 There was a merciful gap in Leslie's speech, into which the Chairman hurried to pour oil. B. n. With plural agreement. With the. Merciful people as a class. Also (in quot. c1475 at sense A. 1) as a count noun: a person who shows or exercises mercy.In many cases an echo or translation of Matthew 5:7, rendered in the King James Bible (1611) as ‘Blessed are the mercifull: for they shall obtaine mercie.’ ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun] > mercy > one who merciful1340 milcera1400 merciera1416 sparer1572 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 96/3 (MED) Yblissed byeþ þe merciuolle, uor hi ssolle uynde merci. ?c1430 (?1383) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 328 Blissed be þe mercyful. c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) 1132 (MED) Ye be reformyde in felynge..Be wyche ye haue lyknes of Gode mest Ande of þat mercyfull very congnycyon. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Sam. xxii. 26 With the merciful thou wilt shew thyselfe mercifull. View more context for this quotation 1795 J. Belknap Sacred Poetry: Hymns 130 They, who forgive, shall find Remission, in that day, When all the merciful and kind Thy pity shall repay. 1810 L. Aikin Epist. Women 138 Calmly trust The Wise, the Merciful, the Just. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch IV. lxxi. 170 He sat an object of compassion for the merciful. 1909 Chatterbox 286/2 He whom his courtiers style the wise, the just, the merciful, is about to ride over and crush us. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1340
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