mobilizev.¹

Brit.

/ˈməʊbᵻlʌɪz/,

/ˈməʊbl̩ʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈmoʊbəˌlaɪz/

Forms: 1800s– mobilise, 1800s– mobilize.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mobiliser.

Etymology: < French mobiliser (1765 in legal use in sense ‘to declare (something) movable property‘; 1797 or earlier in economic use in phrase dette publique mobilisée ; 1834 in sense ‘render a body of troops ready for war’; 1914 in medical use in sense ‘render a part of the body mobile’) < mobile (see mobile adj.¹) + -iser (see -ize suffix). Compare earlier mobilization n.In quot. 1838 at sense 1, apparently borrowed < French, though the French word is apparently not attested in this sense.

1. transitive. To render (an individual or group of individuals) active or capable of action; (Sociology and Politics) to enable or incite (a number or group of individuals) to take collective action in pursuit of a common goal, or to become active participants in society or politics. Also intransitive: to become socially or politically active. Cf. mobilization n. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] > make capable of movement

mobilize1838

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > [verb (transitive)] > cause change

mobilize1951

1838 Globe 15 Jan. 2/2 They have ‘the masses’, they say. We believe they have, so far as those inorganic masses as yet have been—to borrow a French term—mobilised.

1897 Catholic World Aug. 581 Consider how many boys make their First Communion each year, and how few can be mobilized a few years afterwards to form a young men's society!

1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time i. ii. 38 Antisemitic slogans were highly effective in mobilizing large strata of the population.

1968 A. Etzioni Active Society xv. 409 Two disparate organizations seem to mobilize a collectivity more effectively than one.

1972 J. S. Aird in D. J. Dwyer China Now (1974) ix. 186 In a rural area near Peking in 1971, the hsien revolutionary committee mobilized sanitation workers and ‘barefoot doctors’..to conduct birth control propaganda.

1993 This Mag. Aug. 35/2 Today in New York, Asian-Americans are mobilizing against the increase in anti-Asian xenophobia and violence.

a. transitive. To prepare (a military force, etc.) for war or active service; to summon for military service, esp. in time of war. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > levy or mobilize

make?a1160

host1297

arear1366

araisec1386

raisea1425

to call to account1434

rearc1450

levyc1500

riga1513

erect1520

leave1590

to call to arms1592

compound1614

re-embody1685

mobilize1853

remobilize1886

1853 C. L. Brace Home Life Germany 256 When ever the army is to be prepared for war or mobilised, the Reserve step into their respective regiments again.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 201/1 When therefore line fleet must be mobilized for war it will only be necessary to fill up the number of trained men by the less skilled hands from the naval barracks.

1930 Polit. Sci. Q. 45 38 It [sc. the Constitution of the United States]..makes me Commander-in-Chief, and I will not mobilize the army.

1976 Ld. Home Way Wind Blows iii. 43 In 1914 my father had been mobilized with the Lanarkshire Yeomanry which eventually found itself drafted to Gallipoli to fight the Turks.

b. intransitive. To prepare for war or active service; to undergo mobilization.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (intransitive)] > levy or mobilize > undergo mobilization

mobilize1873

1873 A. Borbstædt & F. Dwyer Franco-Ger. War viii. 170 It only requires a simple telegraphic order to mobilise..to set in perfectly harmonious movement the colossal machinery spread over the whole country.

1899 Daily News 18 Dec. 5/2 The Seventh Division is to mobilise at Aldershot.

1919 J. Reed Ten Days that shook World vii. 191 He showed me two proclamations..ordering the yunker schools, soldier convalescents in the hospitals, and the Knights of St. George to mobilise on a war footing.

1939 Fortune Nov. 138/1 Germany's only hope for a quick victory must lie with her air force. The time for..a surprise attack on the enemy before he can fully mobilize, is long since past.

1971 H. Macmillan Riding Storm iv. 150 On 27 October Israel mobilised and on the 29th invaded the Sinai peninsula.

1986 A. Massie Colette v. 88 France mobilized on 1 August. Sidi, with a million and a half Frenchmen, was recalled to the colours.

3. transitive. Economics and Finance. To realize or make available (assets, capital, etc.). Cf. mobilization n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > circulation of money > put into circulation [verb (transitive)]

utterc1483

to put forth1572

pass1579

to turn and wind1598

wind1598

vent1629

to put outa1719

expose1751

mobilize1864

monetarize1952

1864 Realm 27 Apr. 3 Mobilise the riches of Austria (and Free Trade is in fact only movement—circulation—life) and [etc.].

1872 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 35 181 Even these ordinarily high class securities were not convertible into money.., and it became indispensable that they should be ‘mobilised’,—to borrow the term authorised by the advocates of free banking.

1916 Amer. Econ. Rev. 6 782 The device to be employed in mobilizing land credit to better advantage is the farm loan bond.

1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 7 Sept. 184/3 America agrees to mobilise the German bonds now in possession of the Reparation Commission.

1945 Fortune Mar. 214/2 Ever since its accession to power the present French Government has been casting about as to how to mobilize French wealth abroad.

1989 Economist 25 Mar. (Survey) 17/1 A rising proportion of their assets is in early sellable securities which can be mobilised to supply customers with short-term funds or products such as interest-rate caps.

a. transitive. To make mobile; to render capable of motion or change of location.

ΚΠ

1868 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Sept. 4 Either the Governor-General must give up his tours, or must take his Council with him. The real question at issue seems therefore to be not as to the healthiness of Calcutta, but whether the Supreme Council should be mobilized.

1912 Econ. Jrnl. 22 153 They [sc. the railroads] would also modify working conditions, mobilising labour, allowing workmen to move about and respond to the demand for their services.

1932 Science 12 Aug. (Suppl.) 7/1 Why x-ray exposure causes goldfish to respond by mobilizing these dark, color-carrying cells in the skin, is not yet clear.

1971 M. G. Rutten Origin of Life xi. 177 All such mishaps expose the rocks to a temporarily elevated temperature and pressure. This has the effect of mobilizing the mineral constituents of the rocks, because under higher temperature and pressure the melting point of certain minerals is approached.

1999 Sci. Amer. June 8/3 The perfluorocarbon mobilized the charcoal into the patient's central airways.

b. intransitive. To become mobile or active.

ΚΠ

1904 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 196 38 The older hyphæ..are mobilising beneath the epidermis to form spore-layers.

1990 P. Kearey & F. J. Vine Global Tectonics xi. 274 Being of low density, they mobilize after burial and rise through the sedimentary layers.

5. transitive. To assemble, organize, and utilize (resources, etc.) for a particular purpose; to press into service; to adduce in support.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate

enter1563

inact1583

active1620

activate1624

yoke1630

animate1646

inactuate1651

to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799

to put onc1842

to bring on1860

mobilize1871

derepress1962

1871 L. W. M. Lockhart Fair to See III. xxxiii. 100 A hundred times he had paraded the line of arguments he meant to employ, and the reserve which, in case of their failure, he held in readiness, and, so to speak, mobilised.

1882 Princeton Rev. July–Dec. 320 Nothing is wanting or lost when the powers of the soul are mobilized for a great task.

1917 Science 23 Mar. 285/2 The institute should carry on, in its own field, the coordination of the most thorough bibliographical work, mobilizing the best critical talent available.

1951 D. B. Truman Governmental Process ix. 271 The political party in the United States most commonly is a device for mobilizing votes.

1968 A. Storr Human Aggression iii. 25 If the threat proves serious, they are joined by more and more of the older and stronger males, until the whole aggressive potential of the troop is mobilized.

1987 F. Mort Dangerous Sexualities (BNC) 181 The Great Scourge..mobilized the evidence of countless medics to insist that up to eighty per cent of the male population was infected with gonorrhoea.

1991 Screen (BNC) June 203 This reclaiming of Coward as relevant to gay culture is very different from the limiting ways in which some heterosexual critics have mobilized the fact of his sexuality.

6. transitive. Medicine. To restore mobility to (a bone, a joint); to free or detach (an organ) surgically so as to improve accessibility.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > apply type of treatment [verb (transitive)] > mobilize

mobilize1894

1894 O. Dodd tr. A. Politzer Text-bk. Dis. Ear 318 The stapes is mobilized by means of a single or double hook inserted between the crura.

1914 W. Rose & A. Carless Man. Surg. (ed. 9) xxxv. 1076 If a stone is lodged behind the second piece of the duodenum, it may be possible to manipulate it up, and make it accessible above the intestine; but otherwise the duodenum must be mobilized by dividing the peritoneum on its outer edge.

1953 N.Y. State Jrnl. Med. 53 2653/1 The stapes was mobilized, and the hearing improved on the operating table.

1967 G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. iv. 121/2 Next the temporal lobes [of the brain] should be mobilised from the floor of the middle cranial fossa.

1993 Brit. Jrnl. Surg. 80 121/1 The rectum was mobilized by close perimuscular dissection as far as the upper anal canal.

7. transitive. Biology and Physiology. To release or make available (a substance, cells, etc.).

ΚΠ

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 259 Oil once deposited may be again mobilized and transferred to other capillaries.

1928 Science 14 Sept. 256/2 Cod liver oil..might be of value in mobilizing calcium in obstructive jaundice and consequently in reducing the coagulation time.

1949 Adv. in Agronomy 1 257 He assumed that plant roots are able to mobilize some phosphorus independently of microbial activity.

1993 Ontario Dairy Farmer Sept. 85/1 Because the calcium is also a cation, the dairy cow will mobilize extra calcium from the bone and increase the calcium absorption from the gut.

8. transitive. Microbiology and Molecular Biology. To prepare (bacterial DNA) for transfer by a conjugative plasmid. Cf. mobilization n. 6.

ΚΠ

1965 Nature 27 Nov. 848/1 The demonstration of a transferable factor..which would mobilize non-transferring R-determinants..required explanation.

1979 Molecular & Gen. Genetics 172 211/2 We have isolated hydroxylamine generated mutants of pML2..that were selected for their failure to be transferred (mobilized) during conjugation by an Hfr donor.

1987 Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy 31 1266 The two genes were adjacent and constituted a single transcriptional unit. In addition, these genes were simultaneously mobilized through the action of an insertion sequence.

2000 Immunol. Rev. 177 68 Leukocyte granule-derived proteins..can mobilize cells that mediate innate host defense and adaptive immunity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mobilize
释义	mobilizev.¹ Brit. /ˈməʊbᵻlʌɪz/, /ˈməʊbl̩ʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈmoʊbəˌlaɪz/ Forms: 1800s– mobilise, 1800s– mobilize. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French mobiliser. Etymology: < French mobiliser (1765 in legal use in sense ‘to declare (something) movable property‘; 1797 or earlier in economic use in phrase dette publique mobilisée ; 1834 in sense ‘render a body of troops ready for war’; 1914 in medical use in sense ‘render a part of the body mobile’) < mobile (see mobile adj.¹) + -iser (see -ize suffix). Compare earlier mobilization n.In quot. 1838 at sense 1, apparently borrowed < French, though the French word is apparently not attested in this sense. 1. transitive. To render (an individual or group of individuals) active or capable of action; (Sociology and Politics) to enable or incite (a number or group of individuals) to take collective action in pursuit of a common goal, or to become active participants in society or politics. Also intransitive: to become socially or politically active. Cf. mobilization n. 2c. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] > make capable of movement mobilize1838 society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > [verb (transitive)] > cause change mobilize1951 1838 Globe 15 Jan. 2/2 They have ‘the masses’, they say. We believe they have, so far as those inorganic masses as yet have been—to borrow a French term—mobilised. 1897 Catholic World Aug. 581 Consider how many boys make their First Communion each year, and how few can be mobilized a few years afterwards to form a young men's society! 1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time i. ii. 38 Antisemitic slogans were highly effective in mobilizing large strata of the population. 1968 A. Etzioni Active Society xv. 409 Two disparate organizations seem to mobilize a collectivity more effectively than one. 1972 J. S. Aird in D. J. Dwyer China Now (1974) ix. 186 In a rural area near Peking in 1971, the hsien revolutionary committee mobilized sanitation workers and ‘barefoot doctors’..to conduct birth control propaganda. 1993 This Mag. Aug. 35/2 Today in New York, Asian-Americans are mobilizing against the increase in anti-Asian xenophobia and violence. 2. a. transitive. To prepare (a military force, etc.) for war or active service; to summon for military service, esp. in time of war. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > levy or mobilize make?a1160 host1297 arear1366 araisec1386 raisea1425 to call to account1434 rearc1450 levyc1500 riga1513 erect1520 leave1590 to call to arms1592 compound1614 re-embody1685 mobilize1853 remobilize1886 1853 C. L. Brace Home Life Germany 256 When ever the army is to be prepared for war or mobilised, the Reserve step into their respective regiments again. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 201/1 When therefore line fleet must be mobilized for war it will only be necessary to fill up the number of trained men by the less skilled hands from the naval barracks. 1930 Polit. Sci. Q. 45 38 It [sc. the Constitution of the United States]..makes me Commander-in-Chief, and I will not mobilize the army. 1976 Ld. Home Way Wind Blows iii. 43 In 1914 my father had been mobilized with the Lanarkshire Yeomanry which eventually found itself drafted to Gallipoli to fight the Turks. b. intransitive. To prepare for war or active service; to undergo mobilization. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (intransitive)] > levy or mobilize > undergo mobilization mobilize1873 1873 A. Borbstædt & F. Dwyer Franco-Ger. War viii. 170 It only requires a simple telegraphic order to mobilise..to set in perfectly harmonious movement the colossal machinery spread over the whole country. 1899 Daily News 18 Dec. 5/2 The Seventh Division is to mobilise at Aldershot. 1919 J. Reed Ten Days that shook World vii. 191 He showed me two proclamations..ordering the yunker schools, soldier convalescents in the hospitals, and the Knights of St. George to mobilise on a war footing. 1939 Fortune Nov. 138/1 Germany's only hope for a quick victory must lie with her air force. The time for..a surprise attack on the enemy before he can fully mobilize, is long since past. 1971 H. Macmillan Riding Storm iv. 150 On 27 October Israel mobilised and on the 29th invaded the Sinai peninsula. 1986 A. Massie Colette v. 88 France mobilized on 1 August. Sidi, with a million and a half Frenchmen, was recalled to the colours. 3. transitive. Economics and Finance. To realize or make available (assets, capital, etc.). Cf. mobilization n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > circulation of money > put into circulation [verb (transitive)] utterc1483 to put forth1572 pass1579 to turn and wind1598 wind1598 vent1629 to put outa1719 expose1751 mobilize1864 monetarize1952 1864 Realm 27 Apr. 3 Mobilise the riches of Austria (and Free Trade is in fact only movement—circulation—life) and [etc.]. 1872 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 35 181 Even these ordinarily high class securities were not convertible into money.., and it became indispensable that they should be ‘mobilised’,—to borrow the term authorised by the advocates of free banking. 1916 Amer. Econ. Rev. 6 782 The device to be employed in mobilizing land credit to better advantage is the farm loan bond. 1928 Manch. Guardian Weekly 7 Sept. 184/3 America agrees to mobilise the German bonds now in possession of the Reparation Commission. 1945 Fortune Mar. 214/2 Ever since its accession to power the present French Government has been casting about as to how to mobilize French wealth abroad. 1989 Economist 25 Mar. (Survey) 17/1 A rising proportion of their assets is in early sellable securities which can be mobilised to supply customers with short-term funds or products such as interest-rate caps. 4. a. transitive. To make mobile; to render capable of motion or change of location. ΚΠ 1868 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Sept. 4 Either the Governor-General must give up his tours, or must take his Council with him. The real question at issue seems therefore to be not as to the healthiness of Calcutta, but whether the Supreme Council should be mobilized. 1912 Econ. Jrnl. 22 153 They [sc. the railroads] would also modify working conditions, mobilising labour, allowing workmen to move about and respond to the demand for their services. 1932 Science 12 Aug. (Suppl.) 7/1 Why x-ray exposure causes goldfish to respond by mobilizing these dark, color-carrying cells in the skin, is not yet clear. 1971 M. G. Rutten Origin of Life xi. 177 All such mishaps expose the rocks to a temporarily elevated temperature and pressure. This has the effect of mobilizing the mineral constituents of the rocks, because under higher temperature and pressure the melting point of certain minerals is approached. 1999 Sci. Amer. June 8/3 The perfluorocarbon mobilized the charcoal into the patient's central airways. b. intransitive. To become mobile or active. ΚΠ 1904 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 196 38 The older hyphæ..are mobilising beneath the epidermis to form spore-layers. 1990 P. Kearey & F. J. Vine Global Tectonics xi. 274 Being of low density, they mobilize after burial and rise through the sedimentary layers. 5. transitive. To assemble, organize, and utilize (resources, etc.) for a particular purpose; to press into service; to adduce in support. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate enter1563 inact1583 active1620 activate1624 yoke1630 animate1646 inactuate1651 to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799 to put onc1842 to bring on1860 mobilize1871 derepress1962 1871 L. W. M. Lockhart Fair to See III. xxxiii. 100 A hundred times he had paraded the line of arguments he meant to employ, and the reserve which, in case of their failure, he held in readiness, and, so to speak, mobilised. 1882 Princeton Rev. July–Dec. 320 Nothing is wanting or lost when the powers of the soul are mobilized for a great task. 1917 Science 23 Mar. 285/2 The institute should carry on, in its own field, the coordination of the most thorough bibliographical work, mobilizing the best critical talent available. 1951 D. B. Truman Governmental Process ix. 271 The political party in the United States most commonly is a device for mobilizing votes. 1968 A. Storr Human Aggression iii. 25 If the threat proves serious, they are joined by more and more of the older and stronger males, until the whole aggressive potential of the troop is mobilized. 1987 F. Mort Dangerous Sexualities (BNC) 181 The Great Scourge..mobilized the evidence of countless medics to insist that up to eighty per cent of the male population was infected with gonorrhoea. 1991 Screen (BNC) June 203 This reclaiming of Coward as relevant to gay culture is very different from the limiting ways in which some heterosexual critics have mobilized the fact of his sexuality. 6. transitive. Medicine. To restore mobility to (a bone, a joint); to free or detach (an organ) surgically so as to improve accessibility. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > apply type of treatment [verb (transitive)] > mobilize mobilize1894 1894 O. Dodd tr. A. Politzer Text-bk. Dis. Ear 318 The stapes is mobilized by means of a single or double hook inserted between the crura. 1914 W. Rose & A. Carless Man. Surg. (ed. 9) xxxv. 1076 If a stone is lodged behind the second piece of the duodenum, it may be possible to manipulate it up, and make it accessible above the intestine; but otherwise the duodenum must be mobilized by dividing the peritoneum on its outer edge. 1953 N.Y. State Jrnl. Med. 53 2653/1 The stapes was mobilized, and the hearing improved on the operating table. 1967 G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. iv. 121/2 Next the temporal lobes [of the brain] should be mobilised from the floor of the middle cranial fossa. 1993 Brit. Jrnl. Surg. 80 121/1 The rectum was mobilized by close perimuscular dissection as far as the upper anal canal. 7. transitive. Biology and Physiology. To release or make available (a substance, cells, etc.). ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 259 Oil once deposited may be again mobilized and transferred to other capillaries. 1928 Science 14 Sept. 256/2 Cod liver oil..might be of value in mobilizing calcium in obstructive jaundice and consequently in reducing the coagulation time. 1949 Adv. in Agronomy 1 257 He assumed that plant roots are able to mobilize some phosphorus independently of microbial activity. 1993 Ontario Dairy Farmer Sept. 85/1 Because the calcium is also a cation, the dairy cow will mobilize extra calcium from the bone and increase the calcium absorption from the gut. 8. transitive. Microbiology and Molecular Biology. To prepare (bacterial DNA) for transfer by a conjugative plasmid. Cf. mobilization n. 6. ΚΠ 1965 Nature 27 Nov. 848/1 The demonstration of a transferable factor..which would mobilize non-transferring R-determinants..required explanation. 1979 Molecular & Gen. Genetics 172 211/2 We have isolated hydroxylamine generated mutants of pML2..that were selected for their failure to be transferred (mobilized) during conjugation by an Hfr donor. 1987 Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy 31 1266 The two genes were adjacent and constituted a single transcriptional unit. In addition, these genes were simultaneously mobilized through the action of an insertion sequence. 2000 Immunol. Rev. 177 68 Leukocyte granule-derived proteins..can mobilize cells that mediate innate host defense and adaptive immunity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mobilizev.² Brit. /ˈməʊbᵻlʌɪz/, /ˈməʊbl̩ʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈmoʊbəˌlaɪz/ Forms: 1900s– mobilize, 1900s– mopilize. Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from Yiddish, combined with an English element. Etymons: Yiddish mapel , -ize suffix. Etymology: Perhaps < Yiddish mapel (in mapel zayn to abort) + -ize suffix, perhaps after mobilize v.¹ U.S. slang. transitive. Esp. in Jewish usage: to administer a severe beating to (a person). ΚΠ 1923 S. Ornitz Haunch, Paunch & Jowl 27 The Jewish boys cried, ‘Mopilize the Micks!’ 1956 G. Green Last Angry Man 150 My old man'll kill ya... My brother'll mobilize ya. 1977 B. Appel Hell's Kitchen iv. 30 Bastids! We'll mobilize yuh! This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.¹1838v.²1923
随便看	moistnatured moistness moistnesses moistnosed moistskinned moiststriking moisttinged moisture moisture away moisture barrier moisture content moisture cream moisture lotion moisture meter moisture movement moisture regain moisture seal moisture stress moisture supply moisture-bearing moisture-charged moisture-holding moisture-laden moisture-loving moisture-proof

mobilizev.1

mobilizev.2

mobilizev.¹

mobilizev.²