monotypen.adj.

Brit.

/ˈmɒnə(ʊ)tʌɪp/, U.S.

/ˈmɑnəˌtaɪp/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mono- comb. form, -type suffix.

Etymology: < mono- comb. form + -type suffix. With use as adjective compare French monotype of one type (1800).In sense A. 2 after French monotype (A. P. de Candolle Collection de mém. hist. règne végétal (1829) V. 21); compare earlier monotypic adj., monotypical adj. French monotype is used earlier by C. F. Brisseau de Mirbel ( Elémens de physiologie végétale (1815) II. 482) to denote a taxon whose subordinate taxa closely resemble one another: compare monotypous adj. and quot. 1857 at that entry. The Monotype machine of sense A. 4 was patented by T. Lanston in 1887; the Lanston Monotype Machine Company was founded in the same year.

A. n.

†1. A person who or thing which is unique, not following a pattern or type. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1850 Littell's Living Age 9 Mar. 457/2 Mr. Emerson..is the most unapproachably original and distinct monotype of our day.

1857 Putnam's Monthly Mag. Sept. 421 With all my travellings and listenings he remains still a monotype to me.

2. Taxonomy.

a. A genus or other taxon based on a single species or specimen.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > [noun] > only or sole type

monotype1881

the world > life > biology > taxonomy > [noun] > archetype, syntype, etc.

species1644

type1840

type-genus1840

type-species1840

archetype1849

type-specimen1875

monotype1881

necrotype1883

cotype1893

paratype1893

topotype1893

homotype1896

genotype1897

holotype1897

homoeotype1905

lectotype1905

neotype1905

syntype1909

allotype1910

haplotype1914

1881 G. Bentham in Jrnl. Linn. Soc. 18 345 Macodes, Blume, and Hyophila, Lindley, are both monotypes from the Malayan Archipelago.

1911 Amer. Midland Naturalist 2 48 The ancient genus Taxus..having been known for ages as a monotype, needed no specific name.

1945 Brittonia 5 469 I..overlooked the recently published South American monotype Diomma Engl. ex Harms... The..description and illustration leave no doubt that it is a valid genus.

1983 Systematic Bot. 8 1 Galax, a monotype endemic to the southern Appalachian Mountains and outlying areas, has been reported to comprise both a diploid and tetraploid cytotype.

1995 Nova Hedwigia 61 391 Platycaulis Schust. (with only P. renifolius Schust.), a monotype known only from montane rain forests in the Andes of Venezuela.

b. The sole species of a genus or other taxon.

ΚΠ

1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Suppl. Monotype, the only or sole type; especially, a sole species which constitutes a genus, family, or the like.

1889 Bot. Gaz. 14 29 The generic character drawn strictly from the sub-capitate umbelliform inflorescence of the monotype, T. mexicana Benth., needs enlargement to include this second species.

1894 Bot. Gaz. 19 1 P[eltostigma] pteloides Walp...has been the monotype of the genus.

1942 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69 456 Tetracoccus ilicifolius is reminiscent of Toxicodendron globosum (Gaertn.) Pax & Hoffm., a monotype of South Africa.

1978 Internat. Jrnl. Systematic Bacteriol. 28 401 The type species (monotype) of this genus is K. aurantiaca sp. nov., so named because of its orange color.

1996 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123 261 Saruma henryi Oliv., a Chinese monotype of the Aristolochiaceae, is described.

c. Virology. A strain within a single serotype of a rotavirus, distinguished by monoclonal antibody neutralization.

ΚΠ

1987 B. S. Coulson in Virology 159 213/1 The term ‘monotype’ is proposed here to describe the differences in epitopes of neutralization detected with monoclonal antibodies, between rotaviruses of the same serotype.

1991 Jrnl. Virol. 65 1658 Five groups of monotype specificities of the VP4 protein were identified by the eight anti-VP4 MAbs among 11 porcine strains that share the same VP4 serotype.

1996 Arch. Virol. 159 213/1 VP7 specific monoclonal antibodies raised against serotype G5 porcine rotavirus strains isolated in Venezuela showed either a serotype G5- or monotype-specific pattern of reactivity by neutralization against a panel of 53 group A rotavirus isolates representative of all established G serotypes.

3. Art. A print taken from oil colour or printer's ink painted on a sheet of glass or metal. Also: the process by which such prints are produced.The process is so called because, strictly speaking, only one print can be taken from each plate. Though the artist may choose to take subsequent prints, often by adding pigment between printings, this produces changes in texture, colour, and effect. The process therefore always yields unique, unrepeatable prints.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > surface and planographic printing > printing from metal or plastic plates > [noun] > print

monotype1882

monoprint1919

1882 Artist 1 Feb. 60/1 A very interesting collection of monotypes executed by Mr. Charles A. Walker of Boston. Though Mr. Walker did not invent the monotype still to him is due the credit of developing this process.

1900 Catholic World Jan. 519 They would amuse themselves by doing monotypes, a kind of crude etching, of us.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXII. 18/1 The monotype is not a new, but a revival of a somewhat old, method of reproducing on paper a painting by an artist.

1926 L. Binyon Engraved Designs of W. Blake ii. 13 Out of such experiments may have come the idea of the ‘monotype’ which Blake was to use to such good purpose.

1955 P. Heron Changing Forms Art xi. 174 No English artist living excels him in this medium, especially where it involves the process known as ‘monotype’.

1970 Oxf. Compan. Art 736/1 G. B. Castiglione made monotypes on etching plates in the 17th c., William Blake's monotypes were apparently done on pieces of card.

1992 Stars Mag. 8 Nov. 11/2 The imagery—poolside scenes, stairways, palm trees—is distilled down to its essential form in these rich, vibrant monoprints and monotypes.

4. Printing. Usually in form Monotype. A proprietary name for: a composing machine comprising a keyboard which produces perforated tape and a caster which is controlled by the tape to produce type in individual characters. Frequently attributive, esp. in Monotype machine. Now chiefly historical.Caster units for Monotype machines have a matrix case which hold matrices for several different fonts or character sets. Each set of perforations in the tape supplies a location code to the caster, enabling it to position the right matrix over the mould and cast the individual character.The Monotype system contrasts with the Linotype system, which casts entire lines of type at a time.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > composing equipment > [noun] > type-setting machines > other proprietary composing machines

monotype1893

Varityper1928

1893 Official Directory World's Columbian Exposition (Chicago) 459/1 Lanston Monotype Machine Co., Washington, D.C. Monotype Machine.

1895 Cycl. Rev. Current Hist. (U.S.) 5 961 The Lanston Monotype..invented by Tolbert Lanston, of Washington, D.C. marks an important advance in the development of typographical art..both a type-setting and a type-casting machine.

1897 Daily News 15 Oct. 6/2 The monotype machine.

1906 Daily Chron. 15 Sept. 6/5 The machinery..included a couple of Monotypes.

1931 D. L. Sayers Five Red Herrings xxviii. 343 ‘I only want five letters..and a complete set of figures.’ ‘Will monotype castings do ye?’ ‘I'd rather have foundry-metal if you have it.’

1965 J. Moran Composition of Reading Matter vi. 65 The Monotype machine consists of two units—the keyboard and the caster. By operation of the keyboard a paper ribbon is perforated by means of compressed air. The ribbon is fed into a caster which carries a matrix-case.

1973 S. Jennett Making of Bks. (ed. 5) iv. 79 The type produced by the Monotype is of excellent quality, and in use is indistinguishable from founders' type.

1992 M. Margetts Classic Crafts 92/3 The Linotype and Monotype machines, invented towards the end of the [19th] century, brought almost total mechanization.

B. adj.

†1. = monotypic adj. 1. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > taxonomy > [adjective] > archetype, syntype, etc.

perfect1684

typical1847

monotypous1857

monotypical1873

monotypic1874

monotype1885

monotypal1888

topotypical1900

allotypic1912

haplotypic1914

1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. V. i Monotype, consisting of a single type or representative.

2. Designating any of a number of typefaces available on the Monotype machine (sense A. 4), or fonts based on such typefaces.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [adjective] > others

modern1764

script1782

Caxtonian1811

Porsonian1813

antique type?1817

Aldine1837

Scotch1847

old-face1859

Times1860

old-faced1863

Fell type1883

Fournier1902

monotype1910

Goudy1933

monoline1962

slab serif1970

monospaced1972

1910 (title) Specimens of monotype book faces.

1924 Typefaces showing Var. Alphabets (Henry O. Shepard Co.) 62 (heading) Monotype Antique No. 25.

1929 F. Meynell Typogr. Newspaper Advertisments 28 Plantin (particularly the Monotype face) declares in its strength and straightness that it stands for the machine-seller.

1973 S. Jennett Making of Bks. (ed. 5) xv. 273 Linotype Baskerville is very different from Monotype Baskerville, and Intertype Baskerville is different again; but all three are descendants of Baskerville's type, and their common parentage is plainly seen.

1995 Macworld (Electronic ed.) May 108 Monotype Bulmer is based on the foundry's 1930 hot-metal version of Bulmer.

3. Art. Produced or executed in monotype (sense A. 3), or by the monotype process.

ΚΠ

1973 R. S. Field Paul Gauguin: Monotypes 13 The easy fleshing out of relatively simple drawings or watercolours by the monotype process accounts for its popularity among lesser masters.

1987 J. Saltman Mod. Canad. Children's Bks. 43 Sophisticated monotype glass paintings, numerous pen-and-ink sketches, and dancing, childlike scrawls overflow the margins.

1990 Brit. Museum Mag. Sept. 11/1 One of the most unusual features of the 1940s was the wave of interest in monotype printing, whose scope for improvisation was ideal at the time when artists were forced to rely upon very meagre resources.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	monotype
释义	monotypen.adj. Brit. /ˈmɒnə(ʊ)tʌɪp/, U.S. /ˈmɑnəˌtaɪp/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: mono- comb. form, -type suffix. Etymology: < mono- comb. form + -type suffix. With use as adjective compare French monotype of one type (1800).In sense A. 2 after French monotype (A. P. de Candolle Collection de mém. hist. règne végétal (1829) V. 21); compare earlier monotypic adj., monotypical adj. French monotype is used earlier by C. F. Brisseau de Mirbel ( Elémens de physiologie végétale (1815) II. 482) to denote a taxon whose subordinate taxa closely resemble one another: compare monotypous adj. and quot. 1857 at that entry. The Monotype machine of sense A. 4 was patented by T. Lanston in 1887; the Lanston Monotype Machine Company was founded in the same year. A. n. †1. A person who or thing which is unique, not following a pattern or type. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1850 Littell's Living Age 9 Mar. 457/2 Mr. Emerson..is the most unapproachably original and distinct monotype of our day. 1857 Putnam's Monthly Mag. Sept. 421 With all my travellings and listenings he remains still a monotype to me. 2. Taxonomy. a. A genus or other taxon based on a single species or specimen. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > [noun] > only or sole type monotype1881 the world > life > biology > taxonomy > [noun] > archetype, syntype, etc. species1644 type1840 type-genus1840 type-species1840 archetype1849 type-specimen1875 monotype1881 necrotype1883 cotype1893 paratype1893 topotype1893 homotype1896 genotype1897 holotype1897 homoeotype1905 lectotype1905 neotype1905 syntype1909 allotype1910 haplotype1914 1881 G. Bentham in Jrnl. Linn. Soc. 18 345 Macodes, Blume, and Hyophila, Lindley, are both monotypes from the Malayan Archipelago. 1911 Amer. Midland Naturalist 2 48 The ancient genus Taxus..having been known for ages as a monotype, needed no specific name. 1945 Brittonia 5 469 I..overlooked the recently published South American monotype Diomma Engl. ex Harms... The..description and illustration leave no doubt that it is a valid genus. 1983 Systematic Bot. 8 1 Galax, a monotype endemic to the southern Appalachian Mountains and outlying areas, has been reported to comprise both a diploid and tetraploid cytotype. 1995 Nova Hedwigia 61 391 Platycaulis Schust. (with only P. renifolius Schust.), a monotype known only from montane rain forests in the Andes of Venezuela. b. The sole species of a genus or other taxon. ΚΠ 1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Suppl. Monotype, the only or sole type; especially, a sole species which constitutes a genus, family, or the like. 1889 Bot. Gaz. 14 29 The generic character drawn strictly from the sub-capitate umbelliform inflorescence of the monotype, T. mexicana Benth., needs enlargement to include this second species. 1894 Bot. Gaz. 19 1 P[eltostigma] pteloides Walp...has been the monotype of the genus. 1942 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69 456 Tetracoccus ilicifolius is reminiscent of Toxicodendron globosum (Gaertn.) Pax & Hoffm., a monotype of South Africa. 1978 Internat. Jrnl. Systematic Bacteriol. 28 401 The type species (monotype) of this genus is K. aurantiaca sp. nov., so named because of its orange color. 1996 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123 261 Saruma henryi Oliv., a Chinese monotype of the Aristolochiaceae, is described. c. Virology. A strain within a single serotype of a rotavirus, distinguished by monoclonal antibody neutralization. ΚΠ 1987 B. S. Coulson in Virology 159 213/1 The term ‘monotype’ is proposed here to describe the differences in epitopes of neutralization detected with monoclonal antibodies, between rotaviruses of the same serotype. 1991 Jrnl. Virol. 65 1658 Five groups of monotype specificities of the VP4 protein were identified by the eight anti-VP4 MAbs among 11 porcine strains that share the same VP4 serotype. 1996 Arch. Virol. 159 213/1 VP7 specific monoclonal antibodies raised against serotype G5 porcine rotavirus strains isolated in Venezuela showed either a serotype G5- or monotype-specific pattern of reactivity by neutralization against a panel of 53 group A rotavirus isolates representative of all established G serotypes. 3. Art. A print taken from oil colour or printer's ink painted on a sheet of glass or metal. Also: the process by which such prints are produced.The process is so called because, strictly speaking, only one print can be taken from each plate. Though the artist may choose to take subsequent prints, often by adding pigment between printings, this produces changes in texture, colour, and effect. The process therefore always yields unique, unrepeatable prints. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > surface and planographic printing > printing from metal or plastic plates > [noun] > print monotype1882 monoprint1919 1882 Artist 1 Feb. 60/1 A very interesting collection of monotypes executed by Mr. Charles A. Walker of Boston. Though Mr. Walker did not invent the monotype still to him is due the credit of developing this process. 1900 Catholic World Jan. 519 They would amuse themselves by doing monotypes, a kind of crude etching, of us. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXII. 18/1 The monotype is not a new, but a revival of a somewhat old, method of reproducing on paper a painting by an artist. 1926 L. Binyon Engraved Designs of W. Blake ii. 13 Out of such experiments may have come the idea of the ‘monotype’ which Blake was to use to such good purpose. 1955 P. Heron Changing Forms Art xi. 174 No English artist living excels him in this medium, especially where it involves the process known as ‘monotype’. 1970 Oxf. Compan. Art 736/1 G. B. Castiglione made monotypes on etching plates in the 17th c., William Blake's monotypes were apparently done on pieces of card. 1992 Stars Mag. 8 Nov. 11/2 The imagery—poolside scenes, stairways, palm trees—is distilled down to its essential form in these rich, vibrant monoprints and monotypes. 4. Printing. Usually in form Monotype. A proprietary name for: a composing machine comprising a keyboard which produces perforated tape and a caster which is controlled by the tape to produce type in individual characters. Frequently attributive, esp. in Monotype machine. Now chiefly historical.Caster units for Monotype machines have a matrix case which hold matrices for several different fonts or character sets. Each set of perforations in the tape supplies a location code to the caster, enabling it to position the right matrix over the mould and cast the individual character.The Monotype system contrasts with the Linotype system, which casts entire lines of type at a time. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > composing equipment > [noun] > type-setting machines > other proprietary composing machines monotype1893 Varityper1928 1893 Official Directory World's Columbian Exposition (Chicago) 459/1 Lanston Monotype Machine Co., Washington, D.C. Monotype Machine. 1895 Cycl. Rev. Current Hist. (U.S.) 5 961 The Lanston Monotype..invented by Tolbert Lanston, of Washington, D.C. marks an important advance in the development of typographical art..both a type-setting and a type-casting machine. 1897 Daily News 15 Oct. 6/2 The monotype machine. 1906 Daily Chron. 15 Sept. 6/5 The machinery..included a couple of Monotypes. 1931 D. L. Sayers Five Red Herrings xxviii. 343 ‘I only want five letters..and a complete set of figures.’ ‘Will monotype castings do ye?’ ‘I'd rather have foundry-metal if you have it.’ 1965 J. Moran Composition of Reading Matter vi. 65 The Monotype machine consists of two units—the keyboard and the caster. By operation of the keyboard a paper ribbon is perforated by means of compressed air. The ribbon is fed into a caster which carries a matrix-case. 1973 S. Jennett Making of Bks. (ed. 5) iv. 79 The type produced by the Monotype is of excellent quality, and in use is indistinguishable from founders' type. 1992 M. Margetts Classic Crafts 92/3 The Linotype and Monotype machines, invented towards the end of the [19th] century, brought almost total mechanization. B. adj. †1. = monotypic adj. 1. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > taxonomy > [adjective] > archetype, syntype, etc. perfect1684 typical1847 monotypous1857 monotypical1873 monotypic1874 monotype1885 monotypal1888 topotypical1900 allotypic1912 haplotypic1914 1885 Cassell's Encycl. Dict. V. i Monotype, consisting of a single type or representative. 2. Designating any of a number of typefaces available on the Monotype machine (sense A. 4), or fonts based on such typefaces. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [adjective] > others modern1764 script1782 Caxtonian1811 Porsonian1813 antique type?1817 Aldine1837 Scotch1847 old-face1859 Times1860 old-faced1863 Fell type1883 Fournier1902 monotype1910 Goudy1933 monoline1962 slab serif1970 monospaced1972 1910 (title) Specimens of monotype book faces. 1924 Typefaces showing Var. Alphabets (Henry O. Shepard Co.) 62 (heading) Monotype Antique No. 25. 1929 F. Meynell Typogr. Newspaper Advertisments 28 Plantin (particularly the Monotype face) declares in its strength and straightness that it stands for the machine-seller. 1973 S. Jennett Making of Bks. (ed. 5) xv. 273 Linotype Baskerville is very different from Monotype Baskerville, and Intertype Baskerville is different again; but all three are descendants of Baskerville's type, and their common parentage is plainly seen. 1995 Macworld (Electronic ed.) May 108 Monotype Bulmer is based on the foundry's 1930 hot-metal version of Bulmer. 3. Art. Produced or executed in monotype (sense A. 3), or by the monotype process. ΚΠ 1973 R. S. Field Paul Gauguin: Monotypes 13 The easy fleshing out of relatively simple drawings or watercolours by the monotype process accounts for its popularity among lesser masters. 1987 J. Saltman Mod. Canad. Children's Bks. 43 Sophisticated monotype glass paintings, numerous pen-and-ink sketches, and dancing, childlike scrawls overflow the margins. 1990 Brit. Museum Mag. Sept. 11/1 One of the most unusual features of the 1940s was the wave of interest in monotype printing, whose scope for improvisation was ideal at the time when artists were forced to rely upon very meagre resources. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1850
随便看	to bring in, into, out of, to a good frame to bring in, into, out of, to frame to bring into a line to bring into contempt to bring into derision to bring into favour to bring into line to bring into play to bring into question to bring into relief to bring into repair to bring into the open to bring into the world to bring into use to bring into vogue to bring low to bring meat in one's mouth to bring meat in one'the mouth to bring of days to bring of life-day to bring of lifeday to bring of one's life-day to bring of one's lifeday to bring of, to bring out of, life or life's day to bring off