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单词 mutator
释义

mutatorn.

Brit. /mjuːˈteɪtə/, U.S. /ˈmjuˌteɪdər/
Origin: Partly a borrowing from Latin. Probably partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin mūtātor ; mutate v., -or suffix.
Etymology: In quot. 1632 at sense 1 < classical Latin mūtātor a person who changes < mūtāt- , past participial stem of mūtāre to change (see mutate v.) + -or -or suffix. In later use probably independently < mutate v. + -or suffix.
1. A person who changes; something which effects a change. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > [noun] > one who or that which causes change
changera1398
mutator1632
innovator1638
alterator1662
turnabouta1670
alterant1750
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 438 Can you draw from them [sc. the French]..a greater draught, then they draw from the Italian, for first they be Imitators; next, Mutators; thirdly, Temptators; and lastly, your Plantators, in all the varieties of vanity.
1937 New Phytologist 36 49 Schulze calls his substance..a mutator and ascribes to it the role of a regulator of protein metabolism.
2. Biology. An organism, gene, etc., which is liable to mutate, or which undergoes mutation frequently (in some cases, because of the presence of a mutator gene: see sense 3).
ΚΠ
1942 Amer. Naturalist 76 202 The cultivated Rosaceae, Compositae and Citrus are notorious bud mutators, while Asparagus, Convallaria and Vinca stick to the ancestral traditions.
1963 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 50 1048 Abnormally high rates of spontaneous mutation have been recorded several times in certain strains of E coli and S. typhimurium. These unstable ‘mutator’ strains often generate auxotrophic mutants.
1994 R. Preston Hot Zone 288 The AIDS virus is a fast mutator; it changes constantly. It is a hypermutant.
1995 L. Garrett Coming Plague (new ed.) 664 The segment of the influenza virus responsible for its ability to infect human cells was an even more rapid mutator [than the cow virus responsible for foot-and-mouth disease].
3. Biology. In full mutator gene. A gene which increases the mutation rate of other genes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene
sex determinant1902
sex determiner1909
inhibitor1911
multiple factor1912
modifier1915
autosomal dominant1919
autosomal recessive1919
scute1923
gene1925
suppressor1928
rate gene1932
dominigene1938
buffer1939
polygene1941
switch gene1942
mutator1943
oligogene1943
sickle cell gene1946
supergene1949
ob1950
obese1950
regulator1960
regulator gene1960
regulatory gene1960
enhancer1967
oncogene1969
virogene1969
hedgehog1980
1943 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 29 138 In determining the abnormal mutation rate we shall consider only those cultures which have given at least one sex-linked recessive, since this is the only indication of the presence of the ‘Mutator’ gene in the mother.
1945 Genetics 30 496 Recently, high mutation frequency in a strain of D. pseudoobscura, race B, was found to be due to a dominant mutator.
1969 Science 16 May 790/2 The presence of the Treffers mutator (mut T) gene produced a trend towards DNA of a guanine-cytosine content higher than that in the original stock.
1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) v. 233 One mutator gene encodes a defective form of the 3′-to-5′ proofreading exonuclease.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1632
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