naphthan.

Brit.

/ˈnafθə/,

/ˈnapθə/, U.S.

/ˈnæpθə/,

/ˈnæfθə/

Forms: 1500s napta, 1500s–1600s 1800s naphta, 1500s– naphtha, 1500s– naptha, 1600s nephta, 1600s neptha, 1800s nafta.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin naphtha.

Etymology: < classical Latin naphtha < Hellenistic Greek νάϕθα (also νάϕθας , νεϕθαρ , νεϕθαι ), probably of Middle Eastern origin (see note). Compare Old French napte (1213), Middle French naphte (1555), Italian napta (late 14th cent.), Portuguese nafta (1565–6; 1560 as natafe , 1563 as napta ), Spanish nafta (1624), and also German Naphta (late 16th cent.). Compare nefte n. and earlier naphthe n.With forms in -e- compare nefte n. Hellenistic Greek νάϕθα is almost certainly of Middle Eastern origin, probably < Aramaic napṭā (although this is not attested in early sources) < Akkadian napṭu(m) (attested in Old Babylonian cuneiform texts as early as the 18th cent. b.c.). The origin of the Akkadian form is unknown, but it may be Common Semitic: compare Syriac napṭā , Arabic nafṭ . In ancient Sumerian–Akkadian vocabularies, napṭu(m) is used as a gloss to various Sumerian expressions meaning ‘type of oil’ or ‘heavy, bitumen, pitch’; naphtha was set on fire and used as a military material in Assyrian history. Another, less likely, possibility is that the word is of Iranian origin: with Persian naft , nift naphtha compare Avestan napta- moist, Middle Persian naft wet, poured, perhaps < an unattested Old Persian past passive participle of a verb meaning ‘to moisten’ < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek νέϕος cloud, Sanskrit nabhas sky, cloud, etc. (see nephology n.). In sense 3 after naphthalene n.

1. Liquid petroleum, esp. of a thin, volatile kind. Also figurative. Now literary and poetic.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid

naphthec1384

naphtha1543

paraffin1851

kerosene1854

octylene1857

shale-oil1857

coal oil1859

gasoline1863

octane1867

octene1868

octyne1877

gas1878

liquid fuel1889

petrol1895

mazut1897

white fuel1901

diesel oil1905

autogas1908

juice1909

sauce1918

power kerosene1919

petroil1921

ethyl1923

lox1923

kero1930

isooctane1932

high-octane1933

hi-octane1933

Calor1936

pool petrol1939

super1939

pool1940

derv1948

platformate1949

mixture1952

diesel1953

Mapp gas1962

gasohol1971

super unleaded1975

synoil1976

synjet1979

biodiesel1986

Orimulsion1987

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > oil > naphtha

naphtha1543

neftec1575

oil of the rock1653

rock oil1668

Burmese naphtha1858

1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. &&.v/2 Petrolium is vsed for naphtha, which droppeth out, of a babilonyke lyme.

1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 298 One sort is natural or mineral and an other of the sea, that runneth out of Iles & rocks (called Naphtha).

1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde ii. f. 13 As plenty of Naphta gathered in the aforesayd place doth shewe.

1577 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Three Bookes ii. f. 84 Fountaines..of Petroleo, of Napta of Sulphur.

1606 S. Daniel Queenes Arcadia ii. iv. sig. E2^v Like Naptha, that takes fire by sight of fire?

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 729 Blazing Cressets fed With Naphtha and Asphaltus.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 333 From about Thirty Mountains near the same place..springs the famous Naphtha.

1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. lvii. 383 There is also a white naptha on the peninsula of Apcheron, of a much thinner consistency.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lii. 402 The principal ingredient of the Greek fire was the naptha, or liquid bitumen.

1807 R. Morris & J. Kendrick Edinb. Med. & Physical Dict. II. (at cited word) Like the other petrolea, naphtha is employed, externally, to relieve rheumatic pain.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 719 Persian naphtha, as it is collected on the spot, is very nearly, but not quite colourless.

1857 F. L. Olmstead Journey through Texas vi. 376 Pools in which rises a dense brown, transparent liquid, described as having the properties of the Persian and Italian naphthas.

1895 A. H. Sayce Patriarchal Palestine iv. 178 Here were the ‘slime-pits’ from which the naphtha was extracted.

1975 E. Dorn Gunslinger (1989) iv. 151 Gums & resins, brimstone naphtha and the other bitumens and uh more salt petre.

1988 J. Matthews & B. Stewart Warriors of Christendom (BNC) 113 In addition to stones, they fired pitch, naphtha, Greek fire,..and barrels of putrid, rotting matter.

2. A volatile, flammable liquid obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum or the destructive distillation of coal tar, shale, lignite, etc., and composed of a mixture of hydrocarbons; spec. such a distillate as used for making petrol, kerosene, and solvents, with a boiling point below about 200°C. Also: a solvent, etc., made from this.coal, shale-, wood naphtha: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > hydrocarbon mixtures

idryl1845

naphtha1846

tetrahydronaphthalene1887

Tetralin1920

synthol1924

1835 R. D. Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. 155/2 Naphtha, a native combustible liquid..procured also by distillation from petroleum.]

1846 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 6) 505/1 When coal-tar is subjected to distillation, naphthaline passes over after coal naphtha.

1850 J. B. Boussingault Rural Econ. ii. 143 It is a solution of Indian rubber in rectified coal-tar oil or naphtha, which is now used extensively for making stuffs water-proof.

1859 C. Mackay Life & Liberty Amer. xvii. 140 The conflagration was..at a manufactory of naphtha and other distilled spirits.

1868 B. Silliman in Chem. News 10 Apr. 171/1 By the process called ‘cracking’, heavy oils unfit for illumination are broken up into bodies of less density, from light naphtha to the heavier illuminating and lubricating oils.

1891 Daily News 1 Dec. 7/4 Two tin gallon cans..full of naphtha.

1938 Amer. Home Oct. 100/4 Into an earthenware bowl I pour about half a pint of naphtha, work a brush in it until I've dissolved much of its paint.

1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xvi. 225 The fraction boiling above 142° C. constitutes an important industrial solvent, known as solvent naphtha.

1975 R. P. Jhabvala Heat & Dust (1983) 4 Each stall and barrow is lit up with a flare of naphtha.

1993 Guardian 29 Sept. 10/8 A crowded Moroccan passenger train burst into flames..when it was rammed by a tanker train loaded with naphtha.

3. Naphthalene, esp. as used in mothballs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antiseptic > [noun] > specific

naphthalene1821

carbolic acid1835

creosote1835

Sanitas1878

chlorocresol1886

salol1887

Listerine1889

salufer1894

Airol1895

fluorol1895

thymoform1899

xeroform1901

triformol1907

thymoloform1911

hexamine1914

Eusol1915

flavine1917

proflavine1917

Dakin1920

naphtha1920

methenamine1926

T.C.P.1934

Zephiran1935

leptazol1946

cetrimide1948

nalidixic acid1962

clioquinol1967

crystal violet1996

1920 C. Carswell Open Door! i. i. 6 His Aunt's coachman whose fur cape smelt of naphtha.

1992 Spectator 19 Dec. 58/3 They fly in thinking there's a Miss Moth in there and then, bang, they get hit with a whiff of naphtha.

2000 Hindu 28 Dec. (Metroplus) p. i/2 This is the time when woollen wear with the accumulated aura of naphtha surfaces here and there after a long hibernation in cupboards and boxes.

Compounds

C1.

naphtha fire n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [noun] > mercurial spirits

mercuriality1653

mercury1653

mercurialness1817

naphtha fire1834

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. v, in Fraser's Mag. Mar. 303/2 Women, in whose placid veins circulates too little naphtha-fire.

1835 H. Alford School of Heart II. i. 13 Some naphtha-fire up-flaring from behind Marshal's strange shadows on the rifted vault.

1992 Chem. in Brit. (BNC) 28 340 He would have heard of poor Mansfield's terrible death following a naphtha fire in a derelict building.

naphtha fuel n.

ΚΠ

1895 Daily News 25 Apr. 7/2 The annual consumption of naphtha fuel in Russia.

1997 Re: Help, re: Campstove Fuel Availability in soc.culture.new-zealand (Usenet newsgroup) 25 Oct. Most NZ retail suppliers will know that you want a Class 3A naphtha fuel if you use that term.

naphtha gas n.

ΚΠ

1867 Sci. Amer. 9 Nov. 293/1 The naphtha gas was introduced on Friday last.

1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham xxvii. 513 He said that as soon as the company got to paying dividends again,..he should put in steam heat and naphtha-gas.

1998 Re: Great Fuel Debate in rec.backcountry (Usenet newsgroup) 20 Dec. White gas or naphtha gas does not have the same toxic constituents as pump gas, nor does it have ‘burn enhancers’, lead replacement additives.

naphtha-light n.

ΚΠ

1832 T. Carlyle Misc. Ess. (1847) III. 35 A little row of Naphtha-lamps, with its line of Naphtha-light.

1888 W. E. Henley Bk. of Verses 158 The night Is full of stinks and cries; a naphtha-light Flares from a barrow.

† naphtha ship n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1888 Daily News 28 Nov. 3/6 The Destruction of a Naphtha Ship.

naphtha spring n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > oil > naphtha > naphtha spring

naphtha spring1753

1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. lvii. 382 Near this place..naptha-springs are found.

1828 E. Atherstone Fall of Nineveh I. i. 27 The Arabian monarch, like a naphtha spring, Will of himself blaze out.

1886 Harper's Mag. Jan. 257/2 Near Baku, in Russia, the naphtha springs have been discharging for twenty-five hundred years.

naphtha torch n.

ΚΠ

1942 D. Gascoyne in Poets of Tomorrow 37 The tensely sensational glare of the naphtha torch left burning there.

1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill vii. 228 The bright light of sizzling naphtha torches.

† naphtha vapour n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1825 T. Thomson Attempt to Establish First Princ. Chem. I. 153 To take care that the whole of it is consumed, and that none escapes under the form of naphtha vapour.

1849 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 139 383 A considerable quantity of naphtha vapour was taken up by the coal-gas.

naphtha-bearing adj.

ΚΠ

1874 Academy 7 Nov. 515/1 Trautschold could find in the naphtha-bearing beds no trace of vegetable structures which might have yielded the organic materials.

1886 Science 12 Feb. 149/2 The naphtha-bearing strata, three of which are so far known, belong to the lower miocene formation.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 2 Dec. 9/2 The leasing of certain areas of naphtha-bearing land contrary to existing regulations.

C2.

† naphtha-brown n. Obsolete a brown substance obtained as a residue from the manufacture of the dye magenta.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs

staneraw1777

walnut-peel1815

naphtha-brown1874

chromogen1892

1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 208 The so-called naphtha-brown is merely the crude melt from the manufacture of magenta.

naphtha engine n. now rare an internal combustion engine that uses naphtha as fuel.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > other specific engines

ballast engine?1748

reciprocator1769

bellows-engine1834

jack engine1847

power producer1859

trunk-engine1864

naphtha engine1876

jinny1877

barring engine1885

shifter1904

yarder1911

mill1918

rocket1919

booster1944

monobloc1944

1876 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 27/3 Naphtha engines should not be lubricated with oil; the naphtha needs perhaps no lubrication, being a kind of lubricant itself.

1892 P. Benjamin Mod. Mech. 270 Naphtha-engines, which utilize naphtha both as the fuel under the boiler and as the fluid to be vaporized in the boiler and used in the engine, have recently come into somewhat extensive employment as motors for light launches.

1908 Science 24 Apr. 670/2 Within the past five years the naphtha engine has been so far perfected to marine use.

naphtha lamp n. an oil lamp that burns naphtha.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > [noun] > spirit or paraffin lamp

spirit lamp1803

naphtha lamp1832

paraffin lamp1865

kerosene lamp1869

Aladdin1909

1832 T. Carlyle Misc. Ess. (1847) III. 35 A little row of Naphtha-lamps, with its line of Naphtha-light.

1899 A. Quiller-Couch Ship of Stars ii Even the boy grew tired of the naphtha-lamps.

1912 S. Leacock in R. Brown & D. Bennett Anthol. Canad. Lit. in Eng. (1982) I. 225 The Salvation Army around a naphtha lamp lift up the confession of their sins.

1987 M. Ondaatje In Skin of Lion (1988) 14 In the house Hazen Lewis lights the naphtha lamp and builds a fire.

naphtha launch n. a motor launch that uses naphtha as fuel.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > mechanically propelled vessels > [noun] > motor vessel > using specific fuel

naphtha launch1887

oil burner1902

gas boat1903

oiler1911

1887 Forest & Stream 8 Dec. 395/3 The success which the naphtha launch has attained in a very short time must be taken as very strong proof of the inherent excellence of the machine itself.

1903 Mobile (Alabama) Advertiser 2 Jan. 6/3 The big naphtha launch Stella arrived from up the Alabama river yesterday afternoon.

1974 M. Hoyt Thirty Miles iii. 20 What few motorboats there were, were called ‘naphtha launches’.

1991 Adirondack June 6/1 A naphtha launch, a hydroplane, [etc.]..are now housed in the redesigned Callahan Memorial Boat Building.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	naphtha
释义	naphthan. Brit. /ˈnafθə/, /ˈnapθə/, U.S. /ˈnæpθə/, /ˈnæfθə/ Forms: 1500s napta, 1500s–1600s 1800s naphta, 1500s– naphtha, 1500s– naptha, 1600s nephta, 1600s neptha, 1800s nafta. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin naphtha. Etymology: < classical Latin naphtha < Hellenistic Greek νάϕθα (also νάϕθας , νεϕθαρ , νεϕθαι ), probably of Middle Eastern origin (see note). Compare Old French napte (1213), Middle French naphte (1555), Italian napta (late 14th cent.), Portuguese nafta (1565–6; 1560 as natafe , 1563 as napta ), Spanish nafta (1624), and also German Naphta (late 16th cent.). Compare nefte n. and earlier naphthe n.With forms in -e- compare nefte n. Hellenistic Greek νάϕθα is almost certainly of Middle Eastern origin, probably < Aramaic napṭā (although this is not attested in early sources) < Akkadian napṭu(m) (attested in Old Babylonian cuneiform texts as early as the 18th cent. b.c.). The origin of the Akkadian form is unknown, but it may be Common Semitic: compare Syriac napṭā , Arabic nafṭ . In ancient Sumerian–Akkadian vocabularies, napṭu(m) is used as a gloss to various Sumerian expressions meaning ‘type of oil’ or ‘heavy, bitumen, pitch’; naphtha was set on fire and used as a military material in Assyrian history. Another, less likely, possibility is that the word is of Iranian origin: with Persian naft , nift naphtha compare Avestan napta- moist, Middle Persian naft wet, poured, perhaps < an unattested Old Persian past passive participle of a verb meaning ‘to moisten’ < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek νέϕος cloud, Sanskrit nabhas sky, cloud, etc. (see nephology n.). In sense 3 after naphthalene n. 1. Liquid petroleum, esp. of a thin, volatile kind. Also figurative. Now literary and poetic. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid naphthec1384 naphtha1543 paraffin1851 kerosene1854 octylene1857 shale-oil1857 coal oil1859 gasoline1863 octane1867 octene1868 octyne1877 gas1878 liquid fuel1889 petrol1895 mazut1897 white fuel1901 diesel oil1905 autogas1908 juice1909 sauce1918 power kerosene1919 petroil1921 ethyl1923 lox1923 kero1930 isooctane1932 high-octane1933 hi-octane1933 Calor1936 pool petrol1939 super1939 pool1940 derv1948 platformate1949 mixture1952 diesel1953 Mapp gas1962 gasohol1971 super unleaded1975 synoil1976 synjet1979 biodiesel1986 Orimulsion1987 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > oil > naphtha naphtha1543 neftec1575 oil of the rock1653 rock oil1668 Burmese naphtha1858 1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. &&.v/2 Petrolium is vsed for naphtha, which droppeth out, of a babilonyke lyme. 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 298 One sort is natural or mineral and an other of the sea, that runneth out of Iles & rocks (called Naphtha). 1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde ii. f. 13 As plenty of Naphta gathered in the aforesayd place doth shewe. 1577 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Three Bookes ii. f. 84 Fountaines..of Petroleo, of Napta of Sulphur. 1606 S. Daniel Queenes Arcadia ii. iv. sig. E2^v Like Naptha, that takes fire by sight of fire? 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 729 Blazing Cressets fed With Naphtha and Asphaltus. View more context for this quotation 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 333 From about Thirty Mountains near the same place..springs the famous Naphtha. 1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. lvii. 383 There is also a white naptha on the peninsula of Apcheron, of a much thinner consistency. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lii. 402 The principal ingredient of the Greek fire was the naptha, or liquid bitumen. 1807 R. Morris & J. Kendrick Edinb. Med. & Physical Dict. II. (at cited word) Like the other petrolea, naphtha is employed, externally, to relieve rheumatic pain. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 719 Persian naphtha, as it is collected on the spot, is very nearly, but not quite colourless. 1857 F. L. Olmstead Journey through Texas vi. 376 Pools in which rises a dense brown, transparent liquid, described as having the properties of the Persian and Italian naphthas. 1895 A. H. Sayce Patriarchal Palestine iv. 178 Here were the ‘slime-pits’ from which the naphtha was extracted. 1975 E. Dorn Gunslinger (1989) iv. 151 Gums & resins, brimstone naphtha and the other bitumens and uh more salt petre. 1988 J. Matthews & B. Stewart Warriors of Christendom (BNC) 113 In addition to stones, they fired pitch, naphtha, Greek fire,..and barrels of putrid, rotting matter. 2. A volatile, flammable liquid obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum or the destructive distillation of coal tar, shale, lignite, etc., and composed of a mixture of hydrocarbons; spec. such a distillate as used for making petrol, kerosene, and solvents, with a boiling point below about 200°C. Also: a solvent, etc., made from this.coal, shale-, wood naphtha: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > hydrocarbon mixtures idryl1845 naphtha1846 tetrahydronaphthalene1887 Tetralin1920 synthol1924 1835 R. D. Hoblyn Dict. Terms Med. & Collateral Sci. 155/2 Naphtha, a native combustible liquid..procured also by distillation from petroleum.] 1846 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 6) 505/1 When coal-tar is subjected to distillation, naphthaline passes over after coal naphtha. 1850 J. B. Boussingault Rural Econ. ii. 143 It is a solution of Indian rubber in rectified coal-tar oil or naphtha, which is now used extensively for making stuffs water-proof. 1859 C. Mackay Life & Liberty Amer. xvii. 140 The conflagration was..at a manufactory of naphtha and other distilled spirits. 1868 B. Silliman in Chem. News 10 Apr. 171/1 By the process called ‘cracking’, heavy oils unfit for illumination are broken up into bodies of less density, from light naphtha to the heavier illuminating and lubricating oils. 1891 Daily News 1 Dec. 7/4 Two tin gallon cans..full of naphtha. 1938 Amer. Home Oct. 100/4 Into an earthenware bowl I pour about half a pint of naphtha, work a brush in it until I've dissolved much of its paint. 1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xvi. 225 The fraction boiling above 142° C. constitutes an important industrial solvent, known as solvent naphtha. 1975 R. P. Jhabvala Heat & Dust (1983) 4 Each stall and barrow is lit up with a flare of naphtha. 1993 Guardian 29 Sept. 10/8 A crowded Moroccan passenger train burst into flames..when it was rammed by a tanker train loaded with naphtha. 3. Naphthalene, esp. as used in mothballs. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antiseptic > [noun] > specific naphthalene1821 carbolic acid1835 creosote1835 Sanitas1878 chlorocresol1886 salol1887 Listerine1889 salufer1894 Airol1895 fluorol1895 thymoform1899 xeroform1901 triformol1907 thymoloform1911 hexamine1914 Eusol1915 flavine1917 proflavine1917 Dakin1920 naphtha1920 methenamine1926 T.C.P.1934 Zephiran1935 leptazol1946 cetrimide1948 nalidixic acid1962 clioquinol1967 crystal violet1996 1920 C. Carswell Open Door! i. i. 6 His Aunt's coachman whose fur cape smelt of naphtha. 1992 Spectator 19 Dec. 58/3 They fly in thinking there's a Miss Moth in there and then, bang, they get hit with a whiff of naphtha. 2000 Hindu 28 Dec. (Metroplus) p. i/2 This is the time when woollen wear with the accumulated aura of naphtha surfaces here and there after a long hibernation in cupboards and boxes. Compounds C1. a. naphtha fire n. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [noun] > mercurial spirits mercuriality1653 mercury1653 mercurialness1817 naphtha fire1834 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. v, in Fraser's Mag. Mar. 303/2 Women, in whose placid veins circulates too little naphtha-fire. 1835 H. Alford School of Heart II. i. 13 Some naphtha-fire up-flaring from behind Marshal's strange shadows on the rifted vault. 1992 Chem. in Brit. (BNC) 28 340 He would have heard of poor Mansfield's terrible death following a naphtha fire in a derelict building. naphtha fuel n. ΚΠ 1895 Daily News 25 Apr. 7/2 The annual consumption of naphtha fuel in Russia. 1997 Re: Help, re: Campstove Fuel Availability in soc.culture.new-zealand (Usenet newsgroup) 25 Oct. Most NZ retail suppliers will know that you want a Class 3A naphtha fuel if you use that term. naphtha gas n. ΚΠ 1867 Sci. Amer. 9 Nov. 293/1 The naphtha gas was introduced on Friday last. 1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham xxvii. 513 He said that as soon as the company got to paying dividends again,..he should put in steam heat and naphtha-gas. 1998 Re: Great Fuel Debate in rec.backcountry (Usenet newsgroup) 20 Dec. White gas or naphtha gas does not have the same toxic constituents as pump gas, nor does it have ‘burn enhancers’, lead replacement additives. naphtha-light n. ΚΠ 1832 T. Carlyle Misc. Ess. (1847) III. 35 A little row of Naphtha-lamps, with its line of Naphtha-light. 1888 W. E. Henley Bk. of Verses 158 The night Is full of stinks and cries; a naphtha-light Flares from a barrow. † naphtha ship n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1888 Daily News 28 Nov. 3/6 The Destruction of a Naphtha Ship. naphtha spring n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > oil > naphtha > naphtha spring naphtha spring1753 1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. lvii. 382 Near this place..naptha-springs are found. 1828 E. Atherstone Fall of Nineveh I. i. 27 The Arabian monarch, like a naphtha spring, Will of himself blaze out. 1886 Harper's Mag. Jan. 257/2 Near Baku, in Russia, the naphtha springs have been discharging for twenty-five hundred years. naphtha torch n. ΚΠ 1942 D. Gascoyne in Poets of Tomorrow 37 The tensely sensational glare of the naphtha torch left burning there. 1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill vii. 228 The bright light of sizzling naphtha torches. † naphtha vapour n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1825 T. Thomson Attempt to Establish First Princ. Chem. I. 153 To take care that the whole of it is consumed, and that none escapes under the form of naphtha vapour. 1849 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 139 383 A considerable quantity of naphtha vapour was taken up by the coal-gas. b. naphtha-bearing adj. ΚΠ 1874 Academy 7 Nov. 515/1 Trautschold could find in the naphtha-bearing beds no trace of vegetable structures which might have yielded the organic materials. 1886 Science 12 Feb. 149/2 The naphtha-bearing strata, three of which are so far known, belong to the lower miocene formation. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 2 Dec. 9/2 The leasing of certain areas of naphtha-bearing land contrary to existing regulations. C2. † naphtha-brown n. Obsolete a brown substance obtained as a residue from the manufacture of the dye magenta. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > colouring matter > [noun] > dyes and dyestuffs staneraw1777 walnut-peel1815 naphtha-brown1874 chromogen1892 1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing 208 The so-called naphtha-brown is merely the crude melt from the manufacture of magenta. naphtha engine n. now rare an internal combustion engine that uses naphtha as fuel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > other types of engine > [noun] > other specific engines ballast engine?1748 reciprocator1769 bellows-engine1834 jack engine1847 power producer1859 trunk-engine1864 naphtha engine1876 jinny1877 barring engine1885 shifter1904 yarder1911 mill1918 rocket1919 booster1944 monobloc1944 1876 Manufacturer & Builder Feb. 27/3 Naphtha engines should not be lubricated with oil; the naphtha needs perhaps no lubrication, being a kind of lubricant itself. 1892 P. Benjamin Mod. Mech. 270 Naphtha-engines, which utilize naphtha both as the fuel under the boiler and as the fluid to be vaporized in the boiler and used in the engine, have recently come into somewhat extensive employment as motors for light launches. 1908 Science 24 Apr. 670/2 Within the past five years the naphtha engine has been so far perfected to marine use. naphtha lamp n. an oil lamp that burns naphtha. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > [noun] > spirit or paraffin lamp spirit lamp1803 naphtha lamp1832 paraffin lamp1865 kerosene lamp1869 Aladdin1909 1832 T. Carlyle Misc. Ess. (1847) III. 35 A little row of Naphtha-lamps, with its line of Naphtha-light. 1899 A. Quiller-Couch Ship of Stars ii Even the boy grew tired of the naphtha-lamps. 1912 S. Leacock in R. Brown & D. Bennett Anthol. Canad. Lit. in Eng. (1982) I. 225 The Salvation Army around a naphtha lamp lift up the confession of their sins. 1987 M. Ondaatje In Skin of Lion (1988) 14 In the house Hazen Lewis lights the naphtha lamp and builds a fire. naphtha launch n. a motor launch that uses naphtha as fuel. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > mechanically propelled vessels > [noun] > motor vessel > using specific fuel naphtha launch1887 oil burner1902 gas boat1903 oiler1911 1887 Forest & Stream 8 Dec. 395/3 The success which the naphtha launch has attained in a very short time must be taken as very strong proof of the inherent excellence of the machine itself. 1903 Mobile (Alabama) Advertiser 2 Jan. 6/3 The big naphtha launch Stella arrived from up the Alabama river yesterday afternoon. 1974 M. Hoyt Thirty Miles iii. 20 What few motorboats there were, were called ‘naphtha launches’. 1991 Adirondack June 6/1 A naphtha launch, a hydroplane, [etc.]..are now housed in the redesigned Callahan Memorial Boat Building. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1543
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