nitrometern.
/nʌɪˈtrɒmᵻtə/, U.S. /naɪˈtrɑmədər/ Chemistry.
An instrument designed for the determination of the amount of nitrogen in a compound; esp. †(a) (originally) an instrument devised by Andrew Ure (1778–1857) for the measurement of alkalis (including sodium and potassium nitrates) by neutralization with acid (obsolete); (b) (later) an apparatus of a type devised by Georg Lunge (1839–1923), incorporating a burette and a parallel glass tube, for the measurement of the nitric oxide evolved by reaction of nitrates with sulphuric acid in the presence of mercury (and also used to measure gases evolved in other reactions).
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the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > instruments
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nitrometer1821
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1821 A. Ure Dict. Chem. Introd. p. xiii The instrument is at once an alkalimeter, an acidimeter, a complete lactometer, a nitrometer for estimating the value of nitre, an indigometer for ascertaining the dyeing quality of indigo, and a blanchimeter for measuring the bleaching power of oxymuriate (chloride) of lime and potash.
1853 A. Ure Dict. Arts (ed. 4) I. 33 (note) My nitrometer enables a person not at all versant in chemistry to ascertain in a quarter of an hour, but by two distinct processes, the quantity of pure nitrate in either of these salts, to one part in 200.
1878 G. Lunge in Chem. News 12 July 19/2 I beg to hand you a sketch of the apparatus, which I have proposed to call ‘Nitrometer’.
1890 T. E. Thorpe Dict. Appl. Chem. I. 160 The nitrometer, originally devised by Lunge for the estimation of nitrogen oxides in oil of vitriol, is capable of being applied to gas analysis and a large number of other determinations.
1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxvi. 417 Oxidized nitrogen is usually estimated by reduction to nitric oxide, e.g., in a Lunge nitrometer.
1957 Encycl. Brit. V. 403/1 When no insoluble gas collects in the charged nitrometer, the current of carbon dioxide is stopped.
1992 Trees 6 7/1 The sap was analyzed for 14 elements using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and a nitrometer.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1821