obverseadj.n.

(in sense A.)Brit.

/ˈɒbvəːs/, U.S.

/əbˈvərs/,

/ɑbˈvərs/ (in sense B.)Brit.

/ˈɒbvəːs/, U.S.

/ˈɑbˌvərs/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obversus.

Etymology: < classical Latin obversus opposite, facing, on the opposite side of, use as adjective of past participle of obvertere obvert v. Compare French obvers turned towards (1732), the front of a coin (1808). N.E.D. (1902) notes that both the adjective and noun are rarely attested before the end of the 18th cent. N.E.D. (1902) gives the stress as ˈobverse, or secondarily obˈverse for the adjective, and as ˈobverse for the noun; all editions of D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. give only ˈobverse for both parts of speech. All editions of Webster give the main pronunciation showing stress on the second syllable for the adjective and on the first syllable for the noun.

A. adj.

a. Turned towards or against; located on the other or further side, opposite; contrary.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > opposite position > [adjective]

contraryc1384

oppositec1392

contrariousc1400

contradictorious?a1475

objecta1542

overthwart1555

oppositive1578

opposed1598

opposing1609

adverse1623

obversea1656

counter-placed1678

opponent1728

counter1842

subtending1860

abapical1866

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [adjective] > directly opposed

repugnantc1443

oppugnanta1513

contrariant1530

alienate1533

alien1563

incidenta1575

contradicting1610

pugnant1645

obverse1840

a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) 876 They fought..until Carrhenes having overcome his obverse wing, wheeled about with a circumference and came upon the back of his enemies.

1840 S. R. Tickell in Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 9 ii. 706 The Hos..as a guard against infection..leave their houses and flee to the jungles, living apart from each other. Singbhoom, on the contrary, from the obverse manners of the Oorias, is yearly scourged by cholera, fevers, and small-pox.

1918 H. Seymour Reprod. Sound 182 The obverse impressions of the original matrix are called ‘mothers’ in the trade, in view of their office in reproducing matrices from the ‘master’.

1988 M. Tucker Techniques in Sedimentology (BNC) 94 Glass slides are first marked with the specimen number of the sample..using a diamond scribe near one edge of the obverse glass face.

1991 New Art Examiner Apr. 36/3 Residing in a niche on the obverse side of the base [of the sculpture] is a copy of Botticelli's watery Birth of Venus.

b. Entomology. Viewed head-on; facing the observer. rare.

ΚΠ

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. 299 Obverse..When an object is viewed with its head towards you.

1937 J. R. de la Torre-Bueno Gloss. Entomol. 186 Obverse, head on; viewed head on.

c. Chiefly Numismatics. Of, designating, relating to, or stamped on the front or obverse of a coin, medal, etc.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1441/1 The ornaments in relief on the obverse and reverse sides of the coin.

1895 Proclam. Bronze Coinage 11 May Every Penny should have for the obverse impression Our Effigy with the Inscription ‘Victoria’ [etc.].

1941 C. H. V. Sutherland in Numismatic Chron. 6th Ser. 1 104 The small thunderbolt accompanying the obverse portrait on the ‘Seater Livia’ series is not found on any other group.

1980 Jrnl. Manx Mus. No. 89. 12/2 We may remark the decisive criteria, an initial cross and ‘X’ in the obverse legend..and an obverse epigraphy relying heavily..on a succession of vertical punches.

1991 A. Burnett Interpreting Past: Coins (BNC) 45 In this case we can calculate that the average output per obverse die must have been between 23,000 and 47,000 [coins].

2. Chiefly Botany. Narrower at the base or point of attachment than at the apex or top. Cf. ob- prefix 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > pointed, tapering, or elongated

ensiform?1541

acuminate1634

aculeated1657

lanceolated1752

sagittated1752

subacute1752

subulated1752

linear1753

subulate1757

spinous1758

lanceolate1760

sagittate1760

sublinear1761

obverse1776

lanced1787

long-acuminate1804

subuliform1804

lanceolar1810

acuminous1813

virgate1821

spiny1828

apiculate1830

ensate1830

aciculate1831

spiniform1833

fibriform1846

obcuneate1870

fusiform1887

society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [adjective] > having smaller end towards haft

obverse1875

1776 J. Lee Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) Explan. Terms 394 Turbinatum, top-shaped, like an obverse cone.

1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. N^v Obversum,..an obverse or vertical leaf..having the base narrower than the top, so that they seem to have changed places.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiv. 508 When there are three of these organs [stemmata] they are arranged in an obverse triangle in a space behind the antennæ.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 799/2 Obverse, the same as Ob. Obverse-lunate, inversely crescent-shaped.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1543/2 An obverse tool has the smaller end towards the haft or stock.

1946 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 73 303 Chrysophyllum marginatum var. tomentosum..; otherwise much like var. obversum, but the leaves less often obverse.

1960 Brittonia 12 19 Urban..described and illustrated the fruit and nut..of J[uglans]. jamaicensis as obverse-pyriform (subconical) with drawn-out apex.

3. Logic. Of a proposition: obtained from another proposition by the process of obversion.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [adjective] > obverse

obverse1870

obverted1870

1870 A. Bain Logic i. 110 To each of the four Propositional Forms..there is an obverse form.

1917 J. Welton Groundwork of Logic v. 79 In no case is there any loss in the range of application in the obverse proposition.

4. Corresponding to something else as its counterpart.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > correlation > [adjective]

redditivec1525

correlative1530

reciprocate?1532

responsive1604

reciprocal1617

collateral1659

equivalenta1661

responding1670

co-relative1761

relative1849

correlate1850

correlated1859

complementary1860

obverse1875

double of1876

complemental1882–3

dual1947

intercorrelational1970

1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) iv. 443 To every mode of obligation there is an obverse mode of liberation.

1881 A. Austin in Macmillan's Mag. 43 401 I felt sure I should come to the other side of the shield, the obverse hollows of all this embossed and..somewhat turgid appreciation.

1979 W. F. R. Stewart Sexual Aspects of Social Work (BNC) 84 I shall be in hot water with some gay acquaintances for even listing homosexuality among deviations. For them it is merely the obverse side of natural sexuality from the heterosexual one.

1985 H. Newby Green & Pleasant Land (BNC) 163 Of course, a farm worker could acknowledge that the obverse side of Squirearchal autocracy could be a benevolent concern for his own welfare.

B. n.

1. The side of a coin, medal, seal, etc., bearing the main design; (Numismatics) the front of a coin, bearing the head of the issuing ruler, emblem of the issuing authority, etc.; the side impressed by the lower die during striking; the head. Also: the design or inscription on this side. Opposed to reverse n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > obverse or reverse of coin

pilea1393

cross and pile1584

reverse1605

averse1655

ranverse1656

obverse1658

heads1675

tail1684

endorse1688

woman1785

mazard1802

man1828

mick1918

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surface > [noun] > front surface > specifically of a coin, medal, seal, die, etc.

face?1518

obverse1658

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall ii. 18 Silver peeces..with a rude head upon the obverse, and an ill formed horse on the reverse.

1797 Encycl. Brit. XI. 41/1 On the obverse of this piece there are portraits of Francis and Mary, face to face.

1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Reverse, the back side of a medal, as opposed to the obverse.

1837 Penny Cycl. VII. 330/2 The noble..The obverse represents the king standing in a vessel.

1863 C. Boutell Man. Heraldry xxiv. 322 The equestrian figures of the obverse of the Great Seals.

1914 Brit. Mus.: Return 115 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 186) LXXI. 193 A muled groat of Henry VIII combining an obverse of the third coinage with a reverse of the second.

1961 J. Dawson Ha-ha v. 94 Life is a coin that has two sides, a reverse and an obverse.

1988 M. Warner Lost Father viii. 71 A single coin..with Demeter's garlanded head on the obverse.

2. More generally: the facing side, front, or top of something; the side, etc., intended to be seen.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surface > [noun] > front surface

foresidec1400

frontc1540

confrontment1604

face1611

frontside1697

obverse1833

1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. x, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 679/1 In looking at the fair tapestry of human Life..he dwells not on the obverse alone, but here chiefly on the reverse.

1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 149 Nothing so thin, but has these two faces; and, when the observer has seen the obverse, he turns it over to see the reverse.

1991 C. Jennings Now we are Thirty-something (BNC) 43 Postcards..Obverse: Great bulging granite formations topped with palms, azure sea melting over a coral reef... Reverse: Weather stunning, food great.

3. The counterpart of any action, fact, condition, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > the opposite of something

contraryc1386

reversec1405

the contraverse1480

nothing less?1520

contrariety1532

negative1532

oppositive1561

different1571

diameter1579

contrariwise1588

opposition1594

counterpoint1599

oppositea1616

other thing1628

antipodes1641

inverse1645

contra1648

contrast1754

converse1786

contrariant1848

antipole1856

obverse1862

antithetic1863

contradictory1874

antipathy-

1862 W. M. Rossetti in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 199 To say No, and stick to it, is a necessary obverse of the power of saying Yes to some purpose.

1862 W. W. Story Roba di Roma (1864) xv. 325 Here you have the two sides—the science of medicine, and its obverse, the practice of witchcraft.

1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist viii. 512 Sin cannot be explained away as a mistake, as an illusion, as the obverse of good.

1926 R. H. Tawney Relig. & Rise Capitalism iii. 151 The special economic malaise of an age is naturally the obverse of its special qualities.

1991 C. Victor Health & Health Care in Later Life (BNC) 25 Even among the very old, those aged 85 and over, 19 per cent live in institutions. However, we can look at the obverse of this and state that 81 per cent live independently in the community.

4. Logic. A proposition obtained as the result of obversion.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > logical inference > obversion > proposition in relation to

obverse1870

obvertend1886

1870 A. Bain Logic i. 110 No men are gods. The obverse is..all men are no-gods.

1896 J. Welton Man. Logic (ed. 2) I. iii. iii. 251 Obversion is a change in the quality of a predication made of any given subject, whilst the import of the judgment remains unchanged. The original proposition is called the Obvertend, and that which is inferred from it is termed the Obverse.

1953 I. M. Copi Introd. to Logic v. 140 Thus the A proposition: All residents are voters. has as its obverse the E proposition: No residents are non-voters.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obverse
释义	obverseadj.n. (in sense A.)Brit. /ˈɒbvəːs/, U.S. /əbˈvərs/, /ɑbˈvərs/ (in sense B.)Brit. /ˈɒbvəːs/, U.S. /ˈɑbˌvərs/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obversus. Etymology: < classical Latin obversus opposite, facing, on the opposite side of, use as adjective of past participle of obvertere obvert v. Compare French obvers turned towards (1732), the front of a coin (1808). N.E.D. (1902) notes that both the adjective and noun are rarely attested before the end of the 18th cent. N.E.D. (1902) gives the stress as ˈobverse, or secondarily obˈverse for the adjective, and as ˈobverse for the noun; all editions of D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. give only ˈobverse for both parts of speech. All editions of Webster give the main pronunciation showing stress on the second syllable for the adjective and on the first syllable for the noun. A. adj. 1. a. Turned towards or against; located on the other or further side, opposite; contrary. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > opposite position > [adjective] contraryc1384 oppositec1392 contrariousc1400 contradictorious?a1475 objecta1542 overthwart1555 oppositive1578 opposed1598 opposing1609 adverse1623 obversea1656 counter-placed1678 opponent1728 counter1842 subtending1860 abapical1866 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [adjective] > directly opposed repugnantc1443 oppugnanta1513 contrariant1530 alienate1533 alien1563 incidenta1575 contradicting1610 pugnant1645 obverse1840 a1656 J. Ussher Ann. World (1658) 876 They fought..until Carrhenes having overcome his obverse wing, wheeled about with a circumference and came upon the back of his enemies. 1840 S. R. Tickell in Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 9 ii. 706 The Hos..as a guard against infection..leave their houses and flee to the jungles, living apart from each other. Singbhoom, on the contrary, from the obverse manners of the Oorias, is yearly scourged by cholera, fevers, and small-pox. 1918 H. Seymour Reprod. Sound 182 The obverse impressions of the original matrix are called ‘mothers’ in the trade, in view of their office in reproducing matrices from the ‘master’. 1988 M. Tucker Techniques in Sedimentology (BNC) 94 Glass slides are first marked with the specimen number of the sample..using a diamond scribe near one edge of the obverse glass face. 1991 New Art Examiner Apr. 36/3 Residing in a niche on the obverse side of the base [of the sculpture] is a copy of Botticelli's watery Birth of Venus. b. Entomology. Viewed head-on; facing the observer. rare. ΚΠ 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. 299 Obverse..When an object is viewed with its head towards you. 1937 J. R. de la Torre-Bueno Gloss. Entomol. 186 Obverse, head on; viewed head on. c. Chiefly Numismatics. Of, designating, relating to, or stamped on the front or obverse of a coin, medal, etc. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1441/1 The ornaments in relief on the obverse and reverse sides of the coin. 1895 Proclam. Bronze Coinage 11 May Every Penny should have for the obverse impression Our Effigy with the Inscription ‘Victoria’ [etc.]. 1941 C. H. V. Sutherland in Numismatic Chron. 6th Ser. 1 104 The small thunderbolt accompanying the obverse portrait on the ‘Seater Livia’ series is not found on any other group. 1980 Jrnl. Manx Mus. No. 89. 12/2 We may remark the decisive criteria, an initial cross and ‘X’ in the obverse legend..and an obverse epigraphy relying heavily..on a succession of vertical punches. 1991 A. Burnett Interpreting Past: Coins (BNC) 45 In this case we can calculate that the average output per obverse die must have been between 23,000 and 47,000 [coins]. 2. Chiefly Botany. Narrower at the base or point of attachment than at the apex or top. Cf. ob- prefix 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > pointed, tapering, or elongated ensiform?1541 acuminate1634 aculeated1657 lanceolated1752 sagittated1752 subacute1752 subulated1752 linear1753 subulate1757 spinous1758 lanceolate1760 sagittate1760 sublinear1761 obverse1776 lanced1787 long-acuminate1804 subuliform1804 lanceolar1810 acuminous1813 virgate1821 spiny1828 apiculate1830 ensate1830 aciculate1831 spiniform1833 fibriform1846 obcuneate1870 fusiform1887 society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [adjective] > having smaller end towards haft obverse1875 1776 J. Lee Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) Explan. Terms 394 Turbinatum, top-shaped, like an obverse cone. 1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. N^v Obversum,..an obverse or vertical leaf..having the base narrower than the top, so that they seem to have changed places. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiv. 508 When there are three of these organs [stemmata] they are arranged in an obverse triangle in a space behind the antennæ. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 799/2 Obverse, the same as Ob. Obverse-lunate, inversely crescent-shaped. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1543/2 An obverse tool has the smaller end towards the haft or stock. 1946 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 73 303 Chrysophyllum marginatum var. tomentosum..; otherwise much like var. obversum, but the leaves less often obverse. 1960 Brittonia 12 19 Urban..described and illustrated the fruit and nut..of J[uglans]. jamaicensis as obverse-pyriform (subconical) with drawn-out apex. 3. Logic. Of a proposition: obtained from another proposition by the process of obversion. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [adjective] > obverse obverse1870 obverted1870 1870 A. Bain Logic i. 110 To each of the four Propositional Forms..there is an obverse form. 1917 J. Welton Groundwork of Logic v. 79 In no case is there any loss in the range of application in the obverse proposition. 4. Corresponding to something else as its counterpart. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > correlation > [adjective] redditivec1525 correlative1530 reciprocate?1532 responsive1604 reciprocal1617 collateral1659 equivalenta1661 responding1670 co-relative1761 relative1849 correlate1850 correlated1859 complementary1860 obverse1875 double of1876 complemental1882–3 dual1947 intercorrelational1970 1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) iv. 443 To every mode of obligation there is an obverse mode of liberation. 1881 A. Austin in Macmillan's Mag. 43 401 I felt sure I should come to the other side of the shield, the obverse hollows of all this embossed and..somewhat turgid appreciation. 1979 W. F. R. Stewart Sexual Aspects of Social Work (BNC) 84 I shall be in hot water with some gay acquaintances for even listing homosexuality among deviations. For them it is merely the obverse side of natural sexuality from the heterosexual one. 1985 H. Newby Green & Pleasant Land (BNC) 163 Of course, a farm worker could acknowledge that the obverse side of Squirearchal autocracy could be a benevolent concern for his own welfare. B. n. 1. The side of a coin, medal, seal, etc., bearing the main design; (Numismatics) the front of a coin, bearing the head of the issuing ruler, emblem of the issuing authority, etc.; the side impressed by the lower die during striking; the head. Also: the design or inscription on this side. Opposed to reverse n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > obverse or reverse of coin pilea1393 cross and pile1584 reverse1605 averse1655 ranverse1656 obverse1658 heads1675 tail1684 endorse1688 woman1785 mazard1802 man1828 mick1918 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surface > [noun] > front surface > specifically of a coin, medal, seal, die, etc. face?1518 obverse1658 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall ii. 18 Silver peeces..with a rude head upon the obverse, and an ill formed horse on the reverse. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XI. 41/1 On the obverse of this piece there are portraits of Francis and Mary, face to face. 1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Reverse, the back side of a medal, as opposed to the obverse. 1837 Penny Cycl. VII. 330/2 The noble..The obverse represents the king standing in a vessel. 1863 C. Boutell Man. Heraldry xxiv. 322 The equestrian figures of the obverse of the Great Seals. 1914 Brit. Mus.: Return 115 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 186) LXXI. 193 A muled groat of Henry VIII combining an obverse of the third coinage with a reverse of the second. 1961 J. Dawson Ha-ha v. 94 Life is a coin that has two sides, a reverse and an obverse. 1988 M. Warner Lost Father viii. 71 A single coin..with Demeter's garlanded head on the obverse. 2. More generally: the facing side, front, or top of something; the side, etc., intended to be seen. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surface > [noun] > front surface foresidec1400 frontc1540 confrontment1604 face1611 frontside1697 obverse1833 1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. x, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 679/1 In looking at the fair tapestry of human Life..he dwells not on the obverse alone, but here chiefly on the reverse. 1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 149 Nothing so thin, but has these two faces; and, when the observer has seen the obverse, he turns it over to see the reverse. 1991 C. Jennings Now we are Thirty-something (BNC) 43 Postcards..Obverse: Great bulging granite formations topped with palms, azure sea melting over a coral reef... Reverse: Weather stunning, food great. 3. The counterpart of any action, fact, condition, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > the opposite of something contraryc1386 reversec1405 the contraverse1480 nothing less?1520 contrariety1532 negative1532 oppositive1561 different1571 diameter1579 contrariwise1588 opposition1594 counterpoint1599 oppositea1616 other thing1628 antipodes1641 inverse1645 contra1648 contrast1754 converse1786 contrariant1848 antipole1856 obverse1862 antithetic1863 contradictory1874 antipathy- 1862 W. M. Rossetti in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 199 To say No, and stick to it, is a necessary obverse of the power of saying Yes to some purpose. 1862 W. W. Story Roba di Roma (1864) xv. 325 Here you have the two sides—the science of medicine, and its obverse, the practice of witchcraft. 1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist viii. 512 Sin cannot be explained away as a mistake, as an illusion, as the obverse of good. 1926 R. H. Tawney Relig. & Rise Capitalism iii. 151 The special economic malaise of an age is naturally the obverse of its special qualities. 1991 C. Victor Health & Health Care in Later Life (BNC) 25 Even among the very old, those aged 85 and over, 19 per cent live in institutions. However, we can look at the obverse of this and state that 81 per cent live independently in the community. 4. Logic. A proposition obtained as the result of obversion. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > logical inference > obversion > proposition in relation to obverse1870 obvertend1886 1870 A. Bain Logic i. 110 No men are gods. The obverse is..all men are no-gods. 1896 J. Welton Man. Logic (ed. 2) I. iii. iii. 251 Obversion is a change in the quality of a predication made of any given subject, whilst the import of the judgment remains unchanged. The original proposition is called the Obvertend, and that which is inferred from it is termed the Obverse. 1953 I. M. Copi Introd. to Logic v. 140 Thus the A proposition: All residents are voters. has as its obverse the E proposition: No residents are non-voters. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.a1656
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