obviatev.

Brit.

/ˈɒbvɪeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈɑbviˌeɪt/

Forms: 1500s–1600s obuiate, 1600s obviat, 1600s– obviate; Scottish pre-1700 1700s obviat, pre-1700 1700s– obviate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin obviāt-, obviāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin obviāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix³) of obviāre to act contrary to, to go against (late 2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also to meet (Vulgate), to withstand, oppose, prevent (5th cent.) < ob- ob- prefix + via (see via n.). Compare Anglo-Norman obvier to avoid, Old French, Middle French, French obvier to resist (c1180), to answer an objection (1370), to prevent (1370), to meet (16th cent.).

a. transitive. To meet and dispose of; to circumvent, do away with, remove (a difficulty, need, etc.); to prevent or avoid by anticipatory measures.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > obviate

void1509

savea1522

obviate1567

avoid1608

1567 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 521 To bring thame to underly the lawis of this realme..and to obviat and resist to this maist wickit interpryise.

1598 B. Yong tr. A. Pérez 2nd Pt. Diana in tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 338 So did she obuiate this doubt with a sudden remedie.

1656 O. Cromwell Speech 17 Sept. in Writings & Speeches (1947) (modernized text) IV. 261 That I might..advise with you about the remedies and means to obviate these dangers.

1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 12 This is already obviat by the Lord's own determination.

1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. viii. 8 [This] will obviate and preclude the most considerable objections of our Adversaries.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 148. ⁋11 But how has he obviated the inconveniences of old age?

1790 A. Hamilton in Papers 14 Dec. (1963) VII. 310 Whence the transportation and retransportation of the metals are obviated.

1804 Ld. Ellenborough in East's Rep. V. 254 The defect..cannot..be obviated in the manner suggested.

1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. iv. 38 The risk of transporting money from one country to another has been obviated by the use of..Bills of Exchange.

1918 R. B. Armitage Private Sex Advice to Women xii. 159 Should not contraception be employed to obviate the crime of abortion?

1960 A. S. Neill Summerhill i. 19 The wear and tear of materials in Summerhill is a natural process. It could be obviated only by the introduction of fear.

1989 B. H. Kerblay Gorbachev's Russia ii. 31 This internal funding will obviate the need for subsidies.

†b. transitive. To anticipate, forestall. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > precede or come before [verb (transitive)] > anticipate or forestall

before-takea1382

preventc1425

devance1485

prevenea1500

lurch1530

to take before the bounda1556

to be aforehand with1570

to be beforehand with1574

to meet halfwaya1586

preoccupate1588

forestall1589

fore-run1591

surprise1591

antedate1595

foreprise1597

preoccupy1607

preoccupy1638

pre-act1655

anticipatea1682

obviate1712

to head off1841

beat1847

to beat out1893

pre-empt1957

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 367. ¶4 If I do not take care to obviate some of my witty Readers, they will be apt to tell me, that my Paper..is still beneficial [etc.].

†2. transitive. To meet, encounter; to withstand, oppose. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)]

withgo743

to go again ——OE

withsayc1175

again-goc1275

withsitc1300

thwarta1325

to go against ——a1382

counter1382

repugnc1384

adversea1393

craba1400

gainsaya1400

movec1400

overthwart?a1425

to put (also set) one's face againsta1425

traversea1425

contrairc1425

to take again ——c1425

contraryc1430

to take against ——a1450

opposec1485

again-seta1500

gain?a1500

oppone1500

transverse1532

to come up against1535

heave at1546

to be against1549

encounter1549

to set shoulder against1551

to fly in the face of1553

crossc1555

to cross with1590

countermand1592

forstand1599

opposit1600

thorter1608

obviate1609

disputea1616

obstrigillate1623

contradict1632

avert1635

to set one's hand against1635

top1641

militate1642

to come across ——1653

contrariate1656

to cross upon (or on)1661

shock1667

clash1685

rencounter1689

obtend1697

counteract1708

oppugnate1749

retroact?1761

controvert1782

react1795

to set against ——1859

appose-

1609 S. Rowlands Knave of Clubbes 37 As on the way I Itinerated, A Rurall person I Obuiated, Interogating times Transitation.

1654 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. Bentivoglio Compl. Hist. Warrs Flanders 326 [He] advanced suddenly with..300 Foot to obviat him.

1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. Ded. sig. Aiv You obviated their Folly..with a profound Wisdom.

1702 J. Logan in Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania (1870) IX. 84 To obviate those three unworthy charges..I have taken all proper courses.

a1709 J. Fraser Chrons. Frasers (1905) 134 Marching another way to obviat Lovatt.

†3. transitive. To lie in the way between. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition or fact of being interjacent > be or make interjacent [verb (transitive)] > be interjacent between

interpose1615

obviate1705

intercede1728

intervene1839

1705 E. Scarburgh tr. Proclus in Eng. Euclide 8 A Strait line is That, All whose intermedial Parts do obviate the Extreams [Gk. ἐπιπροσθεῖ].

Derivatives

ˈobviating n. rare avoidance, disposal of, prevention.

ΚΠ

1605 H. Wotton Let. in L. P. Smith Life & Lett. Sir H. Wotton (1907) I. 329 Whether I shall..do anything for the obviating of these reports, or let them vanish like other imaginary bodies of the Devil.

1934 F. M. Ford It was Nightingale ii. ii I sinned against my gods to the extent of saying that I was going..to write a work that should have for its purpose the obviating of all future wars.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obviate
释义	obviatev. Brit. /ˈɒbvɪeɪt/, U.S. /ˈɑbviˌeɪt/ Forms: 1500s–1600s obuiate, 1600s obviat, 1600s– obviate; Scottish pre-1700 1700s obviat, pre-1700 1700s– obviate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin obviāt-, obviāre. Etymology: < classical Latin obviāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix³) of obviāre to act contrary to, to go against (late 2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also to meet (Vulgate), to withstand, oppose, prevent (5th cent.) < ob- ob- prefix + via (see via n.). Compare Anglo-Norman obvier to avoid, Old French, Middle French, French obvier to resist (c1180), to answer an objection (1370), to prevent (1370), to meet (16th cent.). 1. a. transitive. To meet and dispose of; to circumvent, do away with, remove (a difficulty, need, etc.); to prevent or avoid by anticipatory measures. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > obviate void1509 savea1522 obviate1567 avoid1608 1567 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 521 To bring thame to underly the lawis of this realme..and to obviat and resist to this maist wickit interpryise. 1598 B. Yong tr. A. Pérez 2nd Pt. Diana in tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 338 So did she obuiate this doubt with a sudden remedie. 1656 O. Cromwell Speech 17 Sept. in Writings & Speeches (1947) (modernized text) IV. 261 That I might..advise with you about the remedies and means to obviate these dangers. 1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 12 This is already obviat by the Lord's own determination. 1693 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. viii. 8 [This] will obviate and preclude the most considerable objections of our Adversaries. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 148. ⁋11 But how has he obviated the inconveniences of old age? 1790 A. Hamilton in Papers 14 Dec. (1963) VII. 310 Whence the transportation and retransportation of the metals are obviated. 1804 Ld. Ellenborough in East's Rep. V. 254 The defect..cannot..be obviated in the manner suggested. 1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. iv. 38 The risk of transporting money from one country to another has been obviated by the use of..Bills of Exchange. 1918 R. B. Armitage Private Sex Advice to Women xii. 159 Should not contraception be employed to obviate the crime of abortion? 1960 A. S. Neill Summerhill i. 19 The wear and tear of materials in Summerhill is a natural process. It could be obviated only by the introduction of fear. 1989 B. H. Kerblay Gorbachev's Russia ii. 31 This internal funding will obviate the need for subsidies. †b. transitive. To anticipate, forestall. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > precede or come before [verb (transitive)] > anticipate or forestall before-takea1382 preventc1425 devance1485 prevenea1500 lurch1530 to take before the bounda1556 to be aforehand with1570 to be beforehand with1574 to meet halfwaya1586 preoccupate1588 forestall1589 fore-run1591 surprise1591 antedate1595 foreprise1597 preoccupy1607 preoccupy1638 pre-act1655 anticipatea1682 obviate1712 to head off1841 beat1847 to beat out1893 pre-empt1957 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 367. ¶4 If I do not take care to obviate some of my witty Readers, they will be apt to tell me, that my Paper..is still beneficial [etc.]. †2. transitive. To meet, encounter; to withstand, oppose. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] withgo743 to go again ——OE withsayc1175 again-goc1275 withsitc1300 thwarta1325 to go against ——a1382 counter1382 repugnc1384 adversea1393 craba1400 gainsaya1400 movec1400 overthwart?a1425 to put (also set) one's face againsta1425 traversea1425 contrairc1425 to take again ——c1425 contraryc1430 to take against ——a1450 opposec1485 again-seta1500 gain?a1500 oppone1500 transverse1532 to come up against1535 heave at1546 to be against1549 encounter1549 to set shoulder against1551 to fly in the face of1553 crossc1555 to cross with1590 countermand1592 forstand1599 opposit1600 thorter1608 obviate1609 disputea1616 obstrigillate1623 contradict1632 avert1635 to set one's hand against1635 top1641 militate1642 to come across ——1653 contrariate1656 to cross upon (or on)1661 shock1667 clash1685 rencounter1689 obtend1697 counteract1708 oppugnate1749 retroact?1761 controvert1782 react1795 to set against ——1859 appose- 1609 S. Rowlands Knave of Clubbes 37 As on the way I Itinerated, A Rurall person I Obuiated, Interogating times Transitation. 1654 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. Bentivoglio Compl. Hist. Warrs Flanders 326 [He] advanced suddenly with..300 Foot to obviat him. 1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. Ded. sig. Aiv You obviated their Folly..with a profound Wisdom. 1702 J. Logan in Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania (1870) IX. 84 To obviate those three unworthy charges..I have taken all proper courses. a1709 J. Fraser Chrons. Frasers (1905) 134 Marching another way to obviat Lovatt. †3. transitive. To lie in the way between. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition or fact of being interjacent > be or make interjacent [verb (transitive)] > be interjacent between interpose1615 obviate1705 intercede1728 intervene1839 1705 E. Scarburgh tr. Proclus in Eng. Euclide 8 A Strait line is That, All whose intermedial Parts do obviate the Extreams [Gk. ἐπιπροσθεῖ]. Derivatives ˈobviating n. rare avoidance, disposal of, prevention. ΚΠ 1605 H. Wotton Let. in L. P. Smith Life & Lett. Sir H. Wotton (1907) I. 329 Whether I shall..do anything for the obviating of these reports, or let them vanish like other imaginary bodies of the Devil. 1934 F. M. Ford It was Nightingale ii. ii I sinned against my gods to the extent of saying that I was going..to write a work that should have for its purpose the obviating of all future wars. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1567
随便看	θ24561 θ24562 θ24563 θ24564 θ24565 θ24566 θ24567 θ24568 θ24569 θ2457 θ24570 θ24571 θ24572 θ24573 θ24574 θ24575 θ24576 θ24577 θ24578 θ24579 θ2458 θ24580 θ24581 θ24582 θ24583