nor-prefix

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element.

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: normal adj. and n.

Etymology: < nor- (in normal adj. and n.).The use arose from the designation of the compound C₈H₆O₅ as ‘normal opianic acid’, of which opianic acid was supposed to be a dimethyl derivative:1867 A. Matthiessen & G. C. Foster in Proc. Royal Soc. 16 39 We propose to call this acid methyl nor-opianic acid, as it stands intermediate between opianic acid and the normal opianic acid. Compare ( < English) French nor-, German nor-, formations in both of which are found from the early 20th cent. A false etymology is sometimes suggested as an acronym < the initial letters of German Nitrogen ohne Radikal.

Chemistry.

a. Prefixed to the names of organic compounds to denote the replacement of one or (esp. in terpenes) all the (methyl) side chains by hydrogen atoms.

norbornadiene n.

Brit.

/nɔːˌbɔːnəˈdʌɪiːn/

U.S.

/nɔrˌbɔrnəˈdaɪˌin/

an unsaturated bicyclic hydrocarbon, C₇H₈, structurally related to norbornane but with two CC bonds; bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept-2,5-diene.

ΚΠ

1955 Adv. in Chem. Series 14 57 Name the bornane-type bicyclic terpene hydrocarbons..as norbornanes, norbornenes, and norbornadienes.

1985 A. Streitweiser & C. H. Heathcock Introd. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) xxxiv. 1108 Norbornadiene is transparent to light of 313 nm wavelength.

norbornane n.

Brit.

/nɔːˈbɔːneɪn/

U.S.

/nɔrˈbɔrˌneɪn/

a crystalline bicyclic hydrocarbon, C₇H₁₂, which is structurally similar to bornane but lacks any methyl substituents and is the parent compound of a number of terpenes; bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > cyclic hydrocarbons > others

heveëne1838

menthene1838

carotene1861

stilbene1868

mesityl1879

naphthene1884

tetramethylene1885

hexamethylene1887

pentamethylene1887

irene1894

pregnane1932

adamantane1933

aldrin1949

sterane1951

norbornane1952

1952 Chem. & Engin. News 3 Mar. 930/3 Corresponding to these six types [of bicyclic compounds] are the four-parent ring systems northujane.., norcarane.., norpinane..and norbornane.

1996 Science 2 Aug. 628/1 One example is the complexation of norbornane and hemicarcerand 5.

norbornene n.

Brit.

/nɔːˈbɔːniːn/

U.S.

/nɔrˈbɔrˌnin/

an unsaturated bicyclic hydrocarbon, C₇H₁₀, structurally related to norbornane but with one CC bond; bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene.

ΚΠ

1956 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 78 593/2 Exo-cis-2,3-dihydroxynorbornane..was prepared from treatment of norbornene..with cold dilute permanganate solution.

1991 D. T. Sawyer Oxygen Chem. iv. 99 Anhydrous Fe^IIICl₃ catalyzes the stereospecific epoxidation of norbornene.

nordihydroguaiaretic acid n.

Brit.

/nɔːˌdʌɪhʌɪdrə(ʊ)ɡwʌɪərɛtɪk ˈasɪd/

U.S.

/ˌnɔrˌdaɪˌhaɪdroʊˌɡwaɪəˌrɛdɪk ˈæsəd/

[ < nor- prefix + dihydro- comb. form + guaiaretic adj. + acid n.] a crystalline phenol, C₁₈H₁₈(OH)₄, which is used as an antioxidant for oils and fats.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > benzene derivatives > phenols > others

phenetidine1851

nitrophenol1852

carvacrol1854

guaiacol1864

hydroquinone1865

iodophenol1868

pentachlorophenol1869

trichlorophenol1871

purpurogallin1872

xylenol1872

kosin1875

phloroglucinol1879

cerulignol1883

cannabinol1896

gossypol1899

thiophenol1899

phenol resin1911

oxine1927

nordihydroguaiaretic acid1944

1919 Chem. Abstr. 13 991 Schiff's norguaiaretic acid is shown to be norhydroguaiaretic acid.]

1944 Oil & Soap 21 33/1 An investigation was made of the antioxydant properties of nordihydroguaiaretic acid.

1998 Biochem. & Biophysical Res. Communications 253 869 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), an inhibitor of lipoxygenase, has recently been demonstrated to block protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex.

norephedrine n.

Brit.

/nɔː(r)ˈɛfᵻdriːn/

/nɔː(r)ˈɛfᵻdrɪn/

/ˌnɔːrɪˈfɛdrɪn/

U.S.

/ˌnɔrəˈfɛdrən/

/nɔrˈɛfədrən/

/nɔrˈɛfəˌdrin/

a crystalline compound, C₉H₁₃NO, which is obtained by replacing the methylamino group of ephedrine by an amino group and has actions and uses resembling those of ephedrine.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alkaloids > [noun] > miscellaneous other

daturia1820

piperine1820

opiane1824

daturine1825

aconitine1826

serpentaria1829

solania1830

fagine1833

aconitia1834

buxine1836

porphyroxine1838

surinamine1838

staphisaïne1842

lobeline1844

passiflorine1846

aricine1847

arnicine1847

harmaline1847

papaverine1848

pelosine1851

colchicine1853

helleborin1853

parvoline1855

punicin1855

aconella1864

fluavil1864

physostigmine1864

herapathite1865

ratanhine1868

sipeerine1868

staphisagrine1868

codamine1870

rhoeagenine1870

aconelline1871

helleborein1871

helleboresin1871

helleboretin1871

meconidine1871

napelline1871

hyoscine1872

porphyrine1872

septicine1872

paytine1873

reducine1875

hydrastine1876

pelosia1876

veratralbia1876

aconine1878

piturine1878

paytamine1879

skatol1879

tropidine1879

pelletierine1881

thalictrine1881

tetano-cannabine1883

cupreine1884

scopoleine1885

trigonelline1886

hydrastinine1887

jaborine1887

scopoline1887

apomorphine1888

imperialine1888

tetanine1888

tongine1890

guvacine1891

veratralbine1891

veratroidine1891

scopolamine1892

corybulbine1893

corycavine1893

corytuberine1893

septentrionaline1894

theophylline1894

pellotine1895

yohimbenine1897

ibogaine1902

scopine1923

nornicotine1927

norephedrine1929

pyrrolizidine alkaloid1951

psilocin1958

psilocybin1958

sodide1977

1929 Chem. Abstr. 23 2431 Reduction of PhCH(OH)CH(NO₂)Me with Zn dust and dil. H₂SO₄ gave norephedrine..and nor-ψ-ephedrine.

1973 Biochem. Jrnl. 136 769/1 Norephedrine is extensively metabolized in the rabbit but not in man.

1994 Washington Post 24 Aug. c7/3 A test..produced the same five substances—ephedrine, methylephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine and norpseudoephedrine—described..as a ‘cocktail of drugs.’

nornicotine n.

Brit.

/nɔːˈnɪkətiːn/

U.S.

/nɔrˈnɪkəˌtin/

[ < French nornicotine (M. & M. Polonovski 1927, in Comptes Rendus de l'Aacad. des Sciences 184 1333) < nor- nor- prefix + nicotine nicotine n.] a liquid alkaloid, C₉H₁₂N₂, found with and resembling nicotine.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alkaloids > [noun] > miscellaneous other

daturia1820

piperine1820

opiane1824

daturine1825

aconitine1826

serpentaria1829

solania1830

fagine1833

aconitia1834

buxine1836

porphyroxine1838

surinamine1838

staphisaïne1842

lobeline1844

passiflorine1846

aricine1847

arnicine1847

harmaline1847

papaverine1848

pelosine1851

colchicine1853

helleborin1853

parvoline1855

punicin1855

aconella1864

fluavil1864

physostigmine1864

herapathite1865

ratanhine1868

sipeerine1868

staphisagrine1868

codamine1870

rhoeagenine1870

aconelline1871

helleborein1871

helleboresin1871

helleboretin1871

meconidine1871

napelline1871

hyoscine1872

porphyrine1872

septicine1872

paytine1873

reducine1875

hydrastine1876

pelosia1876

veratralbia1876

aconine1878

piturine1878

paytamine1879

skatol1879

tropidine1879

pelletierine1881

thalictrine1881

tetano-cannabine1883

cupreine1884

scopoleine1885

trigonelline1886

hydrastinine1887

jaborine1887

scopoline1887

apomorphine1888

imperialine1888

tetanine1888

tongine1890

guvacine1891

veratralbine1891

veratroidine1891

scopolamine1892

corybulbine1893

corycavine1893

corytuberine1893

septentrionaline1894

theophylline1894

pellotine1895

yohimbenine1897

ibogaine1902

scopine1923

nornicotine1927

norephedrine1929

pyrrolizidine alkaloid1951

psilocin1958

psilocybin1958

sodide1977

1927 Chem. Abstr. 21 3905 (heading) β-Pyridyl-α-pyrrolidine (nornicotine).

1965 Austral. Encycl. VII. 127 Early workers established the nicotine-like nature of the plant's alkaloid, at first known as piturine, but which in 1935 was shown to be nor-nicotine, previously found in tobacco.

1997 Jrnl. Chromatogr. A. 775 101 A new approach for the determination of selected alkaloids (nicotine and nornicotine) and sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, xylose and maltose) in tobacco is described.

norsynephrine n.

Brit.

/ˌnɔːsɪˈnɛfrɪn/

/ˌnɔːsɪˈnɛfriːn/

U.S.

/ˌnɔrsiˈnɛfrən/

/ˌnɔrsəˈnɛfrən/

[ < nor- prefix + synephrine (in Neo-Synephrine n.)] now rare = octopamine n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > amines > [noun] > named

ethylamine1849

amylamine1850

ethylia1850

petinine1850

triethylamine1850

polyamine1861

nonylamine1866

octylamine1866

carbylamine1868

tetrylamine1868

hydroxylamine1871

hydramine1877

nitrosamine1878

guanamine1881

hexamethylenetetramine1888

morpholine1889

triethanolamine1897

tropane1898

agmatine1910

tyramine1910

histamine1912

spermidine1927

monoethanolamine1929

tryptamine1929

octopamine1948

norsynephrine1952

tilorone1970

1952 Nature 1 Mar. 376/1 Having identified octopamine as norsynephrine, it was obvious to expect that hydroxyoctopamine could be identified as..noradrenaline.

1976 European Jrnl. Pharmacol. 35 1 When using salbutamol or t-butyl-norsynephrine for antagonizing isoproterenol actions, typical antagonism was found.

nortestosterone n.

Brit.

/ˌnɔːtɛˈstɒstərəʊn/

U.S.

/ˌnɔrtɛˈstɑstəˌroʊn/

the 19-norsteroid derived from testosterone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > cyclic compounds > steroids > norsteroid > nortestosterone

nortestosterone1950

1950 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 367 This βγ-unsaturated ketone has now been isomerised..to the αβ-unsaturated ketone.., which is a 10-nortestosterone.

1998 Vet. Res. Communic. 22 479 The synthetic androgen 19-nortestosterone (beta-NT) has been used illegally as a growth promoter in cattle production in the European Union.

b. Prefixed to the names of organic compounds to denote the contraction of a chain or ring of carbon atoms by one methylene group.

norcholanic acid n.

Brit.

/ˌnɔːkəlanɪk ˈasɪd/

U.S.

/ˌnɔrkoʊˌlænɪk ˈæsəd/

/ˌnɔrkəˌlænɪk ˈæsəd/

[ < nor- prefix + cholanic ( < chol- comb. form + -an suffix + -ic suffix) + acid n.] a crystalline compound, C₂₃H₃₈O₂, obtained by shortening the side chain of cholanic acid by one methylene group.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > substances in bile

picromel1813

glycocoll1840

gelatine sugar1843

taurine1845

glycocin1852

norcholanic acid1927

1927 Chem. Abstr. 21 590 Oxidation of I [sc. cholanic acid] by CrO₃ in AcOH yielded the next lower homolog, norcholanic acid.

1958 C. W. Shoppee Chem. Steroids iv. 192 Similar reactions have been carried out in the norcholanic acid..series.

1998 Planta Medica 64 491 The ‘norcholanic acid pathway’ identified recently seems to be operative only in the formation of fucose-type cardenolides.

norpinic acid n.

Brit.

/nɔːˌpɪnɪk ˈasɪd/

U.S.

/nɔrˌpɪnɪk ˈæsəd/

a crystalline dicarboxylic acid, C₈H₁₂O₄, existing in cis and trans isomers and differing from pinic acid in having a carboxyl group attached to the cyclobutane ring in place of a carboxymethyl group.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > dicarboxylic acids > miscellaneous others

suberic acid1796

oxalovinic acid1838

citraconic acid1840

melanic acid1840

citramalic acid1864

citratartaric acid1864

isophthalic acid1870

methylmalonic acid1889

norpinic acid1909

naphthalic acid1920

1909 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 95 1170 Our experiments have, however, shown that this ring, in norpinic acid, exhibits quite unusual stability.

1932 J. L. Simonsen Terpenes II. iii. 129 By the action of dilute hydrochloric acid at 180° [on the cis-isomer], an equilibrium mixture of cis- and trans-norpinic acids is obtained.

1960 A. R. Pinder Chem. of Terpenes v. 91 The molecular formula and properties of norpinic acid suggested it was derived from cyclobutane.

2. Prefixed to the names of organic compounds to denote the normal (unbranched chain) isomer of the compound to whose name it is prefixed.

norleucine n.

Brit.

/nɔːˈl(j)uːsiːn/

U.S.

/nɔrˈluˌsin/

/nɔrˈlus(ə)n/

[ < German Norleucin (E. Abderhalden et al. 1913, in Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 86 455) < nor- nor- prefix + Leucin leucine n.] a crystalline, non-essential amino acid, CH₃(CH₂)₃CH(NH₂)COOH.

ΚΠ

1913 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 104 1049 The acid, for which the name norleucine is proposed, has been combined with glycine and leucylglycine to form polypeptides.

1961 D. M. Greenberg Metabolic Pathways II. xiv. 111 Norleucine is readily oxidized to CO₂ in the intact animal.

1997 Biochemistry 272 28980 This suggests that the incorporation of norvaline for leucine occurs through misaminoacylation of tRNALeu, similar to the misincorporation of norleucine for methionine found in many recombinant proteins expressed in E. coli.

norvaline n.

Brit.

/nɔːˈveɪliːn/

U.S.

/nɔrˈvæˌlin/

/nɔrˈveɪˌlin/

[ < German Norvalin (E. Abderhalden & Kürten 1921, in Fermentforschung 4 328) < nor- nor- prefix + Valin valine n.] a crystalline, non-essential amino acid, CH₃(CH₂)₂CH(NH₂)COOH.

ΚΠ

1921 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 120 547 Dl-α-Amino-n-valeric acid,..to which the name norvaline is given, is prepared by the usual methods from n-valeric acid.

1969 Biochem. Jrnl. 115 621 Kinetic studies of glutamate dehydrogenase were made with wide concentration ranges of the coenzymes NAD⁺ and NADP⁺ and the substrates glutamate and norvaline.

1997 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 272 28980 Norvaline can be incorporated in place of leucine in recombinant human hemoglobin expressed in Escherichia coli.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nor-
释义	nor-prefix Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element. Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: normal adj. and n. Etymology: < nor- (in normal adj. and n.).The use arose from the designation of the compound C₈H₆O₅ as ‘normal opianic acid’, of which opianic acid was supposed to be a dimethyl derivative:1867 A. Matthiessen & G. C. Foster in Proc. Royal Soc. 16 39 We propose to call this acid methyl nor-opianic acid, as it stands intermediate between opianic acid and the normal opianic acid. Compare ( < English) French nor-, German nor-, formations in both of which are found from the early 20th cent. A false etymology is sometimes suggested as an acronym < the initial letters of German Nitrogen ohne Radikal. Chemistry. 1. a. Prefixed to the names of organic compounds to denote the replacement of one or (esp. in terpenes) all the (methyl) side chains by hydrogen atoms. norbornadiene n. Brit. /nɔːˌbɔːnəˈdʌɪiːn/ , U.S. /nɔrˌbɔrnəˈdaɪˌin/ an unsaturated bicyclic hydrocarbon, C₇H₈, structurally related to norbornane but with two CC bonds; bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept-2,5-diene. ΚΠ 1955 Adv. in Chem. Series 14 57 Name the bornane-type bicyclic terpene hydrocarbons..as norbornanes, norbornenes, and norbornadienes. 1985 A. Streitweiser & C. H. Heathcock Introd. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) xxxiv. 1108 Norbornadiene is transparent to light of 313 nm wavelength. norbornane n. Brit. /nɔːˈbɔːneɪn/ , U.S. /nɔrˈbɔrˌneɪn/ a crystalline bicyclic hydrocarbon, C₇H₁₂, which is structurally similar to bornane but lacks any methyl substituents and is the parent compound of a number of terpenes; bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > cyclic hydrocarbons > others heveëne1838 menthene1838 carotene1861 stilbene1868 mesityl1879 naphthene1884 tetramethylene1885 hexamethylene1887 pentamethylene1887 irene1894 pregnane1932 adamantane1933 aldrin1949 sterane1951 norbornane1952 1952 Chem. & Engin. News 3 Mar. 930/3 Corresponding to these six types [of bicyclic compounds] are the four-parent ring systems northujane.., norcarane.., norpinane..and norbornane. 1996 Science 2 Aug. 628/1 One example is the complexation of norbornane and hemicarcerand 5. norbornene n. Brit. /nɔːˈbɔːniːn/ , U.S. /nɔrˈbɔrˌnin/ an unsaturated bicyclic hydrocarbon, C₇H₁₀, structurally related to norbornane but with one CC bond; bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene. ΚΠ 1956 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 78 593/2 Exo-cis-2,3-dihydroxynorbornane..was prepared from treatment of norbornene..with cold dilute permanganate solution. 1991 D. T. Sawyer Oxygen Chem. iv. 99 Anhydrous Fe^IIICl₃ catalyzes the stereospecific epoxidation of norbornene. nordihydroguaiaretic acid n. Brit. /nɔːˌdʌɪhʌɪdrə(ʊ)ɡwʌɪərɛtɪk ˈasɪd/ , U.S. /ˌnɔrˌdaɪˌhaɪdroʊˌɡwaɪəˌrɛdɪk ˈæsəd/ [ < nor- prefix + dihydro- comb. form + guaiaretic adj. + acid n.] a crystalline phenol, C₁₈H₁₈(OH)₄, which is used as an antioxidant for oils and fats. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > benzene derivatives > phenols > others phenetidine1851 nitrophenol1852 carvacrol1854 guaiacol1864 hydroquinone1865 iodophenol1868 pentachlorophenol1869 trichlorophenol1871 purpurogallin1872 xylenol1872 kosin1875 phloroglucinol1879 cerulignol1883 cannabinol1896 gossypol1899 thiophenol1899 phenol resin1911 oxine1927 nordihydroguaiaretic acid1944 1919 Chem. Abstr. 13 991 Schiff's norguaiaretic acid is shown to be norhydroguaiaretic acid.] 1944 Oil & Soap 21 33/1 An investigation was made of the antioxydant properties of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. 1998 Biochem. & Biophysical Res. Communications 253 869 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), an inhibitor of lipoxygenase, has recently been demonstrated to block protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. norephedrine n. Brit. /nɔː(r)ˈɛfᵻdriːn/ , /nɔː(r)ˈɛfᵻdrɪn/ , /ˌnɔːrɪˈfɛdrɪn/ , U.S. /ˌnɔrəˈfɛdrən/ , /nɔrˈɛfədrən/ , /nɔrˈɛfəˌdrin/ a crystalline compound, C₉H₁₃NO, which is obtained by replacing the methylamino group of ephedrine by an amino group and has actions and uses resembling those of ephedrine. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alkaloids > [noun] > miscellaneous other daturia1820 piperine1820 opiane1824 daturine1825 aconitine1826 serpentaria1829 solania1830 fagine1833 aconitia1834 buxine1836 porphyroxine1838 surinamine1838 staphisaïne1842 lobeline1844 passiflorine1846 aricine1847 arnicine1847 harmaline1847 papaverine1848 pelosine1851 colchicine1853 helleborin1853 parvoline1855 punicin1855 aconella1864 fluavil1864 physostigmine1864 herapathite1865 ratanhine1868 sipeerine1868 staphisagrine1868 codamine1870 rhoeagenine1870 aconelline1871 helleborein1871 helleboresin1871 helleboretin1871 meconidine1871 napelline1871 hyoscine1872 porphyrine1872 septicine1872 paytine1873 reducine1875 hydrastine1876 pelosia1876 veratralbia1876 aconine1878 piturine1878 paytamine1879 skatol1879 tropidine1879 pelletierine1881 thalictrine1881 tetano-cannabine1883 cupreine1884 scopoleine1885 trigonelline1886 hydrastinine1887 jaborine1887 scopoline1887 apomorphine1888 imperialine1888 tetanine1888 tongine1890 guvacine1891 veratralbine1891 veratroidine1891 scopolamine1892 corybulbine1893 corycavine1893 corytuberine1893 septentrionaline1894 theophylline1894 pellotine1895 yohimbenine1897 ibogaine1902 scopine1923 nornicotine1927 norephedrine1929 pyrrolizidine alkaloid1951 psilocin1958 psilocybin1958 sodide1977 1929 Chem. Abstr. 23 2431 Reduction of PhCH(OH)CH(NO₂)Me with Zn dust and dil. H₂SO₄ gave norephedrine..and nor-ψ-ephedrine. 1973 Biochem. Jrnl. 136 769/1 Norephedrine is extensively metabolized in the rabbit but not in man. 1994 Washington Post 24 Aug. c7/3 A test..produced the same five substances—ephedrine, methylephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine and norpseudoephedrine—described..as a ‘cocktail of drugs.’ nornicotine n. Brit. /nɔːˈnɪkətiːn/ , U.S. /nɔrˈnɪkəˌtin/ [ < French nornicotine (M. & M. Polonovski 1927, in Comptes Rendus de l'Aacad. des Sciences 184 1333) < nor- nor- prefix + nicotine nicotine n.] a liquid alkaloid, C₉H₁₂N₂, found with and resembling nicotine. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alkaloids > [noun] > miscellaneous other daturia1820 piperine1820 opiane1824 daturine1825 aconitine1826 serpentaria1829 solania1830 fagine1833 aconitia1834 buxine1836 porphyroxine1838 surinamine1838 staphisaïne1842 lobeline1844 passiflorine1846 aricine1847 arnicine1847 harmaline1847 papaverine1848 pelosine1851 colchicine1853 helleborin1853 parvoline1855 punicin1855 aconella1864 fluavil1864 physostigmine1864 herapathite1865 ratanhine1868 sipeerine1868 staphisagrine1868 codamine1870 rhoeagenine1870 aconelline1871 helleborein1871 helleboresin1871 helleboretin1871 meconidine1871 napelline1871 hyoscine1872 porphyrine1872 septicine1872 paytine1873 reducine1875 hydrastine1876 pelosia1876 veratralbia1876 aconine1878 piturine1878 paytamine1879 skatol1879 tropidine1879 pelletierine1881 thalictrine1881 tetano-cannabine1883 cupreine1884 scopoleine1885 trigonelline1886 hydrastinine1887 jaborine1887 scopoline1887 apomorphine1888 imperialine1888 tetanine1888 tongine1890 guvacine1891 veratralbine1891 veratroidine1891 scopolamine1892 corybulbine1893 corycavine1893 corytuberine1893 septentrionaline1894 theophylline1894 pellotine1895 yohimbenine1897 ibogaine1902 scopine1923 nornicotine1927 norephedrine1929 pyrrolizidine alkaloid1951 psilocin1958 psilocybin1958 sodide1977 1927 Chem. Abstr. 21 3905 (heading) β-Pyridyl-α-pyrrolidine (nornicotine). 1965 Austral. Encycl. VII. 127 Early workers established the nicotine-like nature of the plant's alkaloid, at first known as piturine, but which in 1935 was shown to be nor-nicotine, previously found in tobacco. 1997 Jrnl. Chromatogr. A. 775 101 A new approach for the determination of selected alkaloids (nicotine and nornicotine) and sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, xylose and maltose) in tobacco is described. norsynephrine n. Brit. /ˌnɔːsɪˈnɛfrɪn/ , /ˌnɔːsɪˈnɛfriːn/ , U.S. /ˌnɔrsiˈnɛfrən/ , /ˌnɔrsəˈnɛfrən/ [ < nor- prefix + synephrine (in Neo-Synephrine n.)] now rare = octopamine n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > amines > [noun] > named ethylamine1849 amylamine1850 ethylia1850 petinine1850 triethylamine1850 polyamine1861 nonylamine1866 octylamine1866 carbylamine1868 tetrylamine1868 hydroxylamine1871 hydramine1877 nitrosamine1878 guanamine1881 hexamethylenetetramine1888 morpholine1889 triethanolamine1897 tropane1898 agmatine1910 tyramine1910 histamine1912 spermidine1927 monoethanolamine1929 tryptamine1929 octopamine1948 norsynephrine1952 tilorone1970 1952 Nature 1 Mar. 376/1 Having identified octopamine as norsynephrine, it was obvious to expect that hydroxyoctopamine could be identified as..noradrenaline. 1976 European Jrnl. Pharmacol. 35 1 When using salbutamol or t-butyl-norsynephrine for antagonizing isoproterenol actions, typical antagonism was found. nortestosterone n. Brit. /ˌnɔːtɛˈstɒstərəʊn/ , U.S. /ˌnɔrtɛˈstɑstəˌroʊn/ the 19-norsteroid derived from testosterone. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > cyclic compounds > steroids > norsteroid > nortestosterone nortestosterone1950 1950 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 367 This βγ-unsaturated ketone has now been isomerised..to the αβ-unsaturated ketone.., which is a 10-nortestosterone. 1998 Vet. Res. Communic. 22 479 The synthetic androgen 19-nortestosterone (beta-NT) has been used illegally as a growth promoter in cattle production in the European Union. b. Prefixed to the names of organic compounds to denote the contraction of a chain or ring of carbon atoms by one methylene group. norcholanic acid n. Brit. /ˌnɔːkəlanɪk ˈasɪd/ , U.S. /ˌnɔrkoʊˌlænɪk ˈæsəd/ , /ˌnɔrkəˌlænɪk ˈæsəd/ [ < nor- prefix + cholanic ( < chol- comb. form + -an suffix + -ic suffix) + acid n.] a crystalline compound, C₂₃H₃₈O₂, obtained by shortening the side chain of cholanic acid by one methylene group. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > substances in bile picromel1813 glycocoll1840 gelatine sugar1843 taurine1845 glycocin1852 norcholanic acid1927 1927 Chem. Abstr. 21 590 Oxidation of I [sc. cholanic acid] by CrO₃ in AcOH yielded the next lower homolog, norcholanic acid. 1958 C. W. Shoppee Chem. Steroids iv. 192 Similar reactions have been carried out in the norcholanic acid..series. 1998 Planta Medica 64 491 The ‘norcholanic acid pathway’ identified recently seems to be operative only in the formation of fucose-type cardenolides. norpinic acid n. Brit. /nɔːˌpɪnɪk ˈasɪd/ , U.S. /nɔrˌpɪnɪk ˈæsəd/ a crystalline dicarboxylic acid, C₈H₁₂O₄, existing in cis and trans isomers and differing from pinic acid in having a carboxyl group attached to the cyclobutane ring in place of a carboxymethyl group. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > dicarboxylic acids > miscellaneous others suberic acid1796 oxalovinic acid1838 citraconic acid1840 melanic acid1840 citramalic acid1864 citratartaric acid1864 isophthalic acid1870 methylmalonic acid1889 norpinic acid1909 naphthalic acid1920 1909 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 95 1170 Our experiments have, however, shown that this ring, in norpinic acid, exhibits quite unusual stability. 1932 J. L. Simonsen Terpenes II. iii. 129 By the action of dilute hydrochloric acid at 180° [on the cis-isomer], an equilibrium mixture of cis- and trans-norpinic acids is obtained. 1960 A. R. Pinder Chem. of Terpenes v. 91 The molecular formula and properties of norpinic acid suggested it was derived from cyclobutane. 2. Prefixed to the names of organic compounds to denote the normal (unbranched chain) isomer of the compound to whose name it is prefixed. norleucine n. Brit. /nɔːˈl(j)uːsiːn/ , U.S. /nɔrˈluˌsin/ , /nɔrˈlus(ə)n/ [ < German Norleucin (E. Abderhalden et al. 1913, in Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 86 455) < nor- nor- prefix + Leucin leucine n.] a crystalline, non-essential amino acid, CH₃(CH₂)₃CH(NH₂)COOH. ΚΠ 1913 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 104 1049 The acid, for which the name norleucine is proposed, has been combined with glycine and leucylglycine to form polypeptides. 1961 D. M. Greenberg Metabolic Pathways II. xiv. 111 Norleucine is readily oxidized to CO₂ in the intact animal. 1997 Biochemistry 272 28980 This suggests that the incorporation of norvaline for leucine occurs through misaminoacylation of tRNALeu, similar to the misincorporation of norleucine for methionine found in many recombinant proteins expressed in E. coli. norvaline n. Brit. /nɔːˈveɪliːn/ , U.S. /nɔrˈvæˌlin/ , /nɔrˈveɪˌlin/ [ < German Norvalin (E. Abderhalden & Kürten 1921, in Fermentforschung 4 328) < nor- nor- prefix + Valin valine n.] a crystalline, non-essential amino acid, CH₃(CH₂)₂CH(NH₂)COOH. ΚΠ 1921 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 120 547 Dl-α-Amino-n-valeric acid,..to which the name norvaline is given, is prepared by the usual methods from n-valeric acid. 1969 Biochem. Jrnl. 115 621 Kinetic studies of glutamate dehydrogenase were made with wide concentration ranges of the coenzymes NAD⁺ and NADP⁺ and the substrates glutamate and norvaline. 1997 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 272 28980 Norvaline can be incorporated in place of leucine in recombinant human hemoglobin expressed in Escherichia coli. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < prefix1909
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