normalizev.

Brit.

/ˈnɔːməlʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈnɔrməˌlaɪz/

Forms: 1800s– normalise, 1800s– normalize.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: normal adj., -ize suffix.

Etymology: < normal adj. + -ize suffix. Compare slightly later normalization n.

a. transitive. To make normal; to bring or return to a normal or standard condition or state; to regard or represent as normal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity > regularize, normalize, or standardize

sizea1400

annormea1644

disenorma1644

regularize1780

standardize1792

normalize1847

formalize1855

1847 Medico-chirurg. Rev., & Jrnl. Pract. Med. 51 313 The comparison of the coagulation of the first and last portions may..distinctly indicate whether the evacuation will tend to normalize the vital powers of the functions of the organism.

1864 N.Y. Times 24 Jan. 4/4 These attempts to normalize despotism display the impotency as well as the malignity of the Executive.

1880 R. G. White Every-day Eng. 72 A scheme for simplifying and normalizing orthography.

1928 Mod. Lang. Notes 43 544 The author..has taken the acc. pl. of verr to be the inf. of the verb vera, which he normalizes vesa.

1954 Shakespeare Q. 5 199 Both Dorothea Tieck (in her almost canonical German version) and Gundolf normalize the verse.

1973 E. Jong Fear of Flying (1974) x. 157 You always insist on normalizing your life.

1991 B. E. Ellis Amer. Psycho ii. 27 One should use an alcohol-free antibacterial toner with a water-moistened cotton ball to normalize the skin.

b. intransitive. To become normal; to return to a normal condition or state.

ΚΠ

1924 F. Mateer Unstable Child 459 Psychopaths..have never been very intensively studied, but enough has been done to make it clear that at least some of them will gain, stabilize, normalize under the right kind of care.

1987 Bodybuilding Oct. 75/3 Aim for a fairly brisk routine, with about a minute (or how long it takes for your breathing to normalise) in between main exercises.

2002 Business Rev. Weekly (Australia) (Nexis) 11 Apr. 78 The traditional upgrade cycle dipped last year and should normalise this year.

a. transitive. Chiefly Mathematics and Physics. To multiply (a series, function, variable, etc.) by a factor that makes the norm or some associated quantity (such as an integral) equal to a particular value, usually one.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > multiply > by a factor

postmultiply1861

premultiply1861

normalize1900

norm1914

1900 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 22 268 If ξ, η, ζ be three quadratic quantics..so normalized that the discriminant of each is 2.

1929 E. U. Condon & P. M. Morse Quantum Mech. i. 30 When ΨΨ is to be used as probability it has to be so normalized, by choice of a constant multiplier for Ψ, that ∫ΨΨdv = 1.

1956 Math. Tables & Other Aids Computation 10 2 The fundamental sequence was normalized so that −1 ≤ u_j ≤ 1.

2001 Jrnl. Labor Econ. 19 953 It is costly to commute between locations for all but the most able person.., whose commuting cost is normalized to zero.

b. transitive. Computing. To express (a number in floating-point representation) in the standard form as regards the position of the radix point, which is usually immediately preceding the first non-zero digit.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > [verb (transitive)] > express in standard form

normalize1946

1946 Ann. Computation Lab. Harvard Univ. 1 495 The quantity to be normalized lies in storage counter A.

1957 D. D. McCracken Digital Computer Programming xvii. 205 The first two steps convert the code number into an unnormalized floating point form. The third does nothing but normalize it, i.e., it brings the first nonzero digit into position three of the accumulator.

1973 H. Dinter Introd. Computing v. 167 The decimal exponent will be a value that is adjusted for normalizing the number.

1988 SIAM Jrnl. Numerical Anal. 25 377 We normalize the spectral radii of § 5 appropriately for the floating point operation counts of the algorithms.

3. transitive. Metallurgy. To heat (steel) to above the transformation range (about 700°C or higher) and allow to cool in still air at room temperature, so as to remove any effects of strain-hardening, produce a finer grain structure, and improve the mechanical properties and machinability.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > harden, temper, or anneal > sorbitize, spheroidize, or normalize

normalize1902

sorbitize1918

spheroidize1918

1902 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 61 Pl. XIV (caption) Mr. Stead's Austenite normalized.

1916 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 94 26 (heading) Effect of heating to 850°C., quenching in oil and tempering at 550°C., compared with the same steels simply normalized by heating to 1000°C. and cooling in air.

1937 R. T. Rolfe Steels for User vi. 114 Since quenching in a liquid medium was for a long time prohibited, these castings were either annealed or normalised, followed by a tempering process.

1971 B. Scharf Engin. & its Lang. ii. 13 Steel is often normalised before hardening or machining.

1995 H. Chandler et al. Heat Treater's Guide (ed. 2) 27/2 Wrought products may be normalized..to help reduce banded grain structure due to hot rolling.

4. transitive. Politics. To stabilize, establish, or resume (political relationships) between two parties, esp. two countries.

ΚΠ

1940 Pacific Affaris 13 275 The U.S.S.R. seeks to avoid war with Japan and to normalize relations with that country.

1969 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 384 51/2 Attempts to normalize relations with China and Eastern Europe..will go far toward reducing the possibility of frequent wars.

1989 Japan Times 15 May 1/3 Both sides expect Gorbachev's meetings with Deng Xiaoping will normalize their governmental and party relations.

2000 Herald (Glasgow) (Electronic ed.) 13 Oct. Trade ties were its only links with Oman and their severance was another sign of derailment of Israel's bid to normalise relations with the Arab world.

5. transitive. South African. To remove racial bias from (sport); to desegregate. Now historical.The term is particularly associated with the late-apartheid era, and is now no longer in use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [verb (transitive)] > discriminate against or segregate > abolish segregation

desegregate1953

normalize1976

1976 D. Dalling in Daily Dispatch (East London, S. Afr.) 25 Sept. 11 It's a giant step for the National Party, but a small step towards normalising sport.

1988 B. Kgantsi in Frontline Apr.–May 31 ‘We have normalised golf in our country,’ said one PGA official.

1991 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 19 Mar. c5 If two or three are normalized, why not allow them to participate in things like the Olympic Games?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	normalize
释义	normalizev. Brit. /ˈnɔːməlʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈnɔrməˌlaɪz/ Forms: 1800s– normalise, 1800s– normalize. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: normal adj., -ize suffix. Etymology: < normal adj. + -ize suffix. Compare slightly later normalization n. 1. a. transitive. To make normal; to bring or return to a normal or standard condition or state; to regard or represent as normal. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity > regularize, normalize, or standardize sizea1400 annormea1644 disenorma1644 regularize1780 standardize1792 normalize1847 formalize1855 1847 Medico-chirurg. Rev., & Jrnl. Pract. Med. 51 313 The comparison of the coagulation of the first and last portions may..distinctly indicate whether the evacuation will tend to normalize the vital powers of the functions of the organism. 1864 N.Y. Times 24 Jan. 4/4 These attempts to normalize despotism display the impotency as well as the malignity of the Executive. 1880 R. G. White Every-day Eng. 72 A scheme for simplifying and normalizing orthography. 1928 Mod. Lang. Notes 43 544 The author..has taken the acc. pl. of verr to be the inf. of the verb vera, which he normalizes vesa. 1954 Shakespeare Q. 5 199 Both Dorothea Tieck (in her almost canonical German version) and Gundolf normalize the verse. 1973 E. Jong Fear of Flying (1974) x. 157 You always insist on normalizing your life. 1991 B. E. Ellis Amer. Psycho ii. 27 One should use an alcohol-free antibacterial toner with a water-moistened cotton ball to normalize the skin. b. intransitive. To become normal; to return to a normal condition or state. ΚΠ 1924 F. Mateer Unstable Child 459 Psychopaths..have never been very intensively studied, but enough has been done to make it clear that at least some of them will gain, stabilize, normalize under the right kind of care. 1987 Bodybuilding Oct. 75/3 Aim for a fairly brisk routine, with about a minute (or how long it takes for your breathing to normalise) in between main exercises. 2002 Business Rev. Weekly (Australia) (Nexis) 11 Apr. 78 The traditional upgrade cycle dipped last year and should normalise this year. 2. a. transitive. Chiefly Mathematics and Physics. To multiply (a series, function, variable, etc.) by a factor that makes the norm or some associated quantity (such as an integral) equal to a particular value, usually one. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > multiply > by a factor postmultiply1861 premultiply1861 normalize1900 norm1914 1900 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 22 268 If ξ, η, ζ be three quadratic quantics..so normalized that the discriminant of each is 2. 1929 E. U. Condon & P. M. Morse Quantum Mech. i. 30 When ΨΨ is to be used as probability it has to be so normalized, by choice of a constant multiplier for Ψ, that ∫ΨΨdv = 1. 1956 Math. Tables & Other Aids Computation 10 2 The fundamental sequence was normalized so that −1 ≤ u_j ≤ 1. 2001 Jrnl. Labor Econ. 19 953 It is costly to commute between locations for all but the most able person.., whose commuting cost is normalized to zero. b. transitive. Computing. To express (a number in floating-point representation) in the standard form as regards the position of the radix point, which is usually immediately preceding the first non-zero digit. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > [verb (transitive)] > express in standard form normalize1946 1946 Ann. Computation Lab. Harvard Univ. 1 495 The quantity to be normalized lies in storage counter A. 1957 D. D. McCracken Digital Computer Programming xvii. 205 The first two steps convert the code number into an unnormalized floating point form. The third does nothing but normalize it, i.e., it brings the first nonzero digit into position three of the accumulator. 1973 H. Dinter Introd. Computing v. 167 The decimal exponent will be a value that is adjusted for normalizing the number. 1988 SIAM Jrnl. Numerical Anal. 25 377 We normalize the spectral radii of § 5 appropriately for the floating point operation counts of the algorithms. 3. transitive. Metallurgy. To heat (steel) to above the transformation range (about 700°C or higher) and allow to cool in still air at room temperature, so as to remove any effects of strain-hardening, produce a finer grain structure, and improve the mechanical properties and machinability. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > harden, temper, or anneal > sorbitize, spheroidize, or normalize normalize1902 sorbitize1918 spheroidize1918 1902 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 61 Pl. XIV (caption) Mr. Stead's Austenite normalized. 1916 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 94 26 (heading) Effect of heating to 850°C., quenching in oil and tempering at 550°C., compared with the same steels simply normalized by heating to 1000°C. and cooling in air. 1937 R. T. Rolfe Steels for User vi. 114 Since quenching in a liquid medium was for a long time prohibited, these castings were either annealed or normalised, followed by a tempering process. 1971 B. Scharf Engin. & its Lang. ii. 13 Steel is often normalised before hardening or machining. 1995 H. Chandler et al. Heat Treater's Guide (ed. 2) 27/2 Wrought products may be normalized..to help reduce banded grain structure due to hot rolling. 4. transitive. Politics. To stabilize, establish, or resume (political relationships) between two parties, esp. two countries. ΚΠ 1940 Pacific Affaris 13 275 The U.S.S.R. seeks to avoid war with Japan and to normalize relations with that country. 1969 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 384 51/2 Attempts to normalize relations with China and Eastern Europe..will go far toward reducing the possibility of frequent wars. 1989 Japan Times 15 May 1/3 Both sides expect Gorbachev's meetings with Deng Xiaoping will normalize their governmental and party relations. 2000 Herald (Glasgow) (Electronic ed.) 13 Oct. Trade ties were its only links with Oman and their severance was another sign of derailment of Israel's bid to normalise relations with the Arab world. 5. transitive. South African. To remove racial bias from (sport); to desegregate. Now historical.The term is particularly associated with the late-apartheid era, and is now no longer in use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [verb (transitive)] > discriminate against or segregate > abolish segregation desegregate1953 normalize1976 1976 D. Dalling in Daily Dispatch (East London, S. Afr.) 25 Sept. 11 It's a giant step for the National Party, but a small step towards normalising sport. 1988 B. Kgantsi in Frontline Apr.–May 31 ‘We have normalised golf in our country,’ said one PGA official. 1991 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 19 Mar. c5 If two or three are normalized, why not allow them to participate in things like the Olympic Games? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.1847
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