nutrientadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈnjuːtrɪənt/, U.S.

/ˈn(j)utriənt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin nūtrient-, nūtriēns.

Etymology: < classical Latin nūtrient-, nūtriēns, present participle of nūtrīre nourish v.; compare -ent suffix. With use as noun compare post-classical Latin nutriens nutritious substance (mid 13th cent. in a British source), use as noun of neuter singular of classical Latin nūtriēns.

A. adj.

1. Conveying or supplying nourishment; esp. (chiefly Anatomy and Zoology) concerned with the supply or distribution within the organism of substances which provide nourishment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > [adjective] > supplying nourishment

nutrient1650

nutritious1712

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 171 By how much the Practique intellect is more noble then the Nutrient soul.

1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 106 The plethoric state of the nutrient vessels of the heart.

1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 28 Some principal nutrient artery will afterwards be met with.

1861 J. R. Greene Man. Animal Kingdom II. 222 The little yet known of the development of the nutrient apparatus in the Ctenophora.

1916 Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. 40 516 With the perfusing fluid running..a cannula is passed into the popliteal below the nutrient artery.

1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. vi. 127 Following such deep tissue injury, occlusion of small nutrient vessels occurs rapidly and tissue ischaemia ensues.

2. Serving as nourishment; possessing nutritious qualities.Blood (quot. 1661) would now usually be interpreted as conveying rather than serving as nourishment (cf. sense A. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [adjective] > nourishing

nourishing1340

marrowya1382

nutrimentala1398

feeding1398

marroweda1400

nourishanta1400

nurshing?c1425

nutritivec1450

nutrativec1487

nourishable1496

hearty?1550

battling1555

nurturable1579

alimental1586

nutrible1607

alimentary1608

nutrimentive1610

refective1611

battlesome1627

alible1653

nurturing?a1659

alimentous1659

alimonious1659

polytrophic1659

nutrient1661

nutritious1665

alimentarious1671

foodful1735

nutritionarya1852

nutritional1858

nutraceutical1990

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 374 A tumour..caused by humours carried out with the nutrient bloud.

1825 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 17 532 They both did hang On the same breast, and drew the nutrient stream From the same fount.

1844 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 No. 12. 108 The old tree [is] thus bereft of its few remaining drops of nutrient aliment.

1868 C. A. Cameron Stock-feeder's Man. iii. 96 The hard fibres..are..broken up, and the nutrient particles which they envelop are fully exposed to the action of the solvent juices of the stomach.

1903 H. Fletcher AB–Z of our own Nutrition 122 A species of sea-weed which, even when cooked, was so tough as to require long-sustained mastication in order to extract its nutrient elements.

1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. xiii. 298 The intake of manurial or nutrient salts is carried out in the plant in the same region of the root as water intake, namely, the region bearing root-hairs.

1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) v. 88 The function of the vascular system is to convey nutrient and other materials to and from the various parts of the organism.

B. n.

A nutritious substance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > nourishing food

milkeOE

marrowa1382

cordialc1405

nutritivec1475

nutrient1828

flesh-former1873

macromineral1966

macronutrient1968

phytonutrient1994

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Nutrient, any substance which nourishes by promoting the growth or repairing the waste of animal bodies.

1858 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 334/1 The natural fertilizers have been analyzed, and artificial nutrients of the soil have been contrived.

1880 Med. Temp. Jrnl. July 174 It is not always that nutrients can be taken in sufficient quantity.

1903 H. Snyder Chem. Plant & Animal Life xxxvi. 344 A balanced ration is one which contains a sufficient amount of nutrients from a variety of foods to meet the requirements of the animal.

1924 Bot. Gaz. 77 121 (heading) Absorption of nutrients from subsoil in relation to crop yield.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XIII. 407/2 Essential nutrients include many amino acids, some fatty acids, many vitamins, and some minerals and trace elements.

1990 Health Shopper Jan. 8/3 Add plenty of wholemeal bread and jacket or plain boiled potatoes to your diet, and you will be getting good nutrients with plenty of fibre.

Compounds

C1.

nutrient-deficient adj.

ΚΠ

1942 Science 12 June 601/2 The red and yellow earths were the most seriously nutrient-deficient soil groups.

1990 T. H. Rawls Small Places xiii. 206 For soil, what he found was loess, nutrient-deficient windblown glacial dust.

nutrient-poor adj.

ΚΠ

1928 Ecology 9 128 Where the organic residues are changed largely into ‘humus’, nutrient-poor soils result.

1952 A. R. Clapham et al. Flora Brit. Isles 1204 At the other extreme are plants found in deep, clear, nutrient-poor waters, as in the English Lakes.

1976 Audubon Sept. 45/1 Here was a veritable paradise for the algal cell, which previously had eked out an impoverished existence in the nutrient-poor ocean.

2001 OG Nov. 30/1 I start by enriching my nutrient-poor mountain soil with well-rotted compost.

nutrient-rich adj.

ΚΠ

1935 Trans. 3rd Internat. Congr. Soil Sci. II. 155 The resulting soil..deteriorates very rapidly when the layer of nutrient-rich organic débris is lost through erosion or continued cultivation.

1967 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 5 108 Massive upward displacement of nutrient-rich water on to the shelf may occur a few times in a century.

1992 Org. Gardening Sept. 18/1 Whey..is a watery, nutrient-rich liquid that separates from those curds during the production of cheese.

C2.

nutrient cycle n. Ecology the transfer of elements essential for the nutrition of living organisms, from the organisms, to their physical surroundings, and back again, in a continuous cycle.

ΚΠ

1947 R. F. Daubenmire Plants & Environment ii. 29 With repeated cropping the productivity wanes..because organic matter is destroyed and the nutrient cycle is interrupted by the removal of minerals from the habitat with each crop.

1973 P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xiv. 197 When, at the death of trees, the nutrients find their way to the soil water they are quickly recovered by an efficient root network, thus completing a very effective nutrient cycle.

1995 Fertilizer Res. 43 21 Past nutrient removals in timber, branches, leaves and even forest floor litter have interrupted the nutrient cycle.

nutrient cycling n. the process of transferring elements essential for the nutrition of living organisms in a nutrient cycle.

ΚΠ

1963 New Phytologist 62 114 The concepts of nutrient cycling and of energy flow are treated in the grand manner, removed from immediate agricultural implications.

1997 Ecol. Modelling 99 51 The dynamics of nutrient cycling within a forest system involve processes operating on many timescales, ranging from seconds to thousands of years.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nutrient
释义	nutrientadj.n. Brit. /ˈnjuːtrɪənt/, U.S. /ˈn(j)utriənt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin nūtrient-, nūtriēns. Etymology: < classical Latin nūtrient-, nūtriēns, present participle of nūtrīre nourish v.; compare -ent suffix. With use as noun compare post-classical Latin nutriens nutritious substance (mid 13th cent. in a British source), use as noun of neuter singular of classical Latin nūtriēns. A. adj. 1. Conveying or supplying nourishment; esp. (chiefly Anatomy and Zoology) concerned with the supply or distribution within the organism of substances which provide nourishment. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > [adjective] > supplying nourishment nutrient1650 nutritious1712 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 171 By how much the Practique intellect is more noble then the Nutrient soul. 1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 106 The plethoric state of the nutrient vessels of the heart. 1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 28 Some principal nutrient artery will afterwards be met with. 1861 J. R. Greene Man. Animal Kingdom II. 222 The little yet known of the development of the nutrient apparatus in the Ctenophora. 1916 Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. 40 516 With the perfusing fluid running..a cannula is passed into the popliteal below the nutrient artery. 1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. vi. 127 Following such deep tissue injury, occlusion of small nutrient vessels occurs rapidly and tissue ischaemia ensues. 2. Serving as nourishment; possessing nutritious qualities.Blood (quot. 1661) would now usually be interpreted as conveying rather than serving as nourishment (cf. sense A. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [adjective] > nourishing nourishing1340 marrowya1382 nutrimentala1398 feeding1398 marroweda1400 nourishanta1400 nurshing?c1425 nutritivec1450 nutrativec1487 nourishable1496 hearty?1550 battling1555 nurturable1579 alimental1586 nutrible1607 alimentary1608 nutrimentive1610 refective1611 battlesome1627 alible1653 nurturing?a1659 alimentous1659 alimonious1659 polytrophic1659 nutrient1661 nutritious1665 alimentarious1671 foodful1735 nutritionarya1852 nutritional1858 nutraceutical1990 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 374 A tumour..caused by humours carried out with the nutrient bloud. 1825 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 17 532 They both did hang On the same breast, and drew the nutrient stream From the same fount. 1844 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 No. 12. 108 The old tree [is] thus bereft of its few remaining drops of nutrient aliment. 1868 C. A. Cameron Stock-feeder's Man. iii. 96 The hard fibres..are..broken up, and the nutrient particles which they envelop are fully exposed to the action of the solvent juices of the stomach. 1903 H. Fletcher AB–Z of our own Nutrition 122 A species of sea-weed which, even when cooked, was so tough as to require long-sustained mastication in order to extract its nutrient elements. 1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. xiii. 298 The intake of manurial or nutrient salts is carried out in the plant in the same region of the root as water intake, namely, the region bearing root-hairs. 1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) v. 88 The function of the vascular system is to convey nutrient and other materials to and from the various parts of the organism. B. n. A nutritious substance. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > nourishing food milkeOE marrowa1382 cordialc1405 nutritivec1475 nutrient1828 flesh-former1873 macromineral1966 macronutrient1968 phytonutrient1994 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Nutrient, any substance which nourishes by promoting the growth or repairing the waste of animal bodies. 1858 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 334/1 The natural fertilizers have been analyzed, and artificial nutrients of the soil have been contrived. 1880 Med. Temp. Jrnl. July 174 It is not always that nutrients can be taken in sufficient quantity. 1903 H. Snyder Chem. Plant & Animal Life xxxvi. 344 A balanced ration is one which contains a sufficient amount of nutrients from a variety of foods to meet the requirements of the animal. 1924 Bot. Gaz. 77 121 (heading) Absorption of nutrients from subsoil in relation to crop yield. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XIII. 407/2 Essential nutrients include many amino acids, some fatty acids, many vitamins, and some minerals and trace elements. 1990 Health Shopper Jan. 8/3 Add plenty of wholemeal bread and jacket or plain boiled potatoes to your diet, and you will be getting good nutrients with plenty of fibre. Compounds C1. nutrient-deficient adj. ΚΠ 1942 Science 12 June 601/2 The red and yellow earths were the most seriously nutrient-deficient soil groups. 1990 T. H. Rawls Small Places xiii. 206 For soil, what he found was loess, nutrient-deficient windblown glacial dust. nutrient-poor adj. ΚΠ 1928 Ecology 9 128 Where the organic residues are changed largely into ‘humus’, nutrient-poor soils result. 1952 A. R. Clapham et al. Flora Brit. Isles 1204 At the other extreme are plants found in deep, clear, nutrient-poor waters, as in the English Lakes. 1976 Audubon Sept. 45/1 Here was a veritable paradise for the algal cell, which previously had eked out an impoverished existence in the nutrient-poor ocean. 2001 OG Nov. 30/1 I start by enriching my nutrient-poor mountain soil with well-rotted compost. nutrient-rich adj. ΚΠ 1935 Trans. 3rd Internat. Congr. Soil Sci. II. 155 The resulting soil..deteriorates very rapidly when the layer of nutrient-rich organic débris is lost through erosion or continued cultivation. 1967 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 5 108 Massive upward displacement of nutrient-rich water on to the shelf may occur a few times in a century. 1992 Org. Gardening Sept. 18/1 Whey..is a watery, nutrient-rich liquid that separates from those curds during the production of cheese. C2. nutrient cycle n. Ecology the transfer of elements essential for the nutrition of living organisms, from the organisms, to their physical surroundings, and back again, in a continuous cycle. ΚΠ 1947 R. F. Daubenmire Plants & Environment ii. 29 With repeated cropping the productivity wanes..because organic matter is destroyed and the nutrient cycle is interrupted by the removal of minerals from the habitat with each crop. 1973 P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xiv. 197 When, at the death of trees, the nutrients find their way to the soil water they are quickly recovered by an efficient root network, thus completing a very effective nutrient cycle. 1995 Fertilizer Res. 43 21 Past nutrient removals in timber, branches, leaves and even forest floor litter have interrupted the nutrient cycle. nutrient cycling n. the process of transferring elements essential for the nutrition of living organisms in a nutrient cycle. ΚΠ 1963 New Phytologist 62 114 The concepts of nutrient cycling and of energy flow are treated in the grand manner, removed from immediate agricultural implications. 1997 Ecol. Modelling 99 51 The dynamics of nutrient cycling within a forest system involve processes operating on many timescales, ranging from seconds to thousands of years. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1650
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