obstinacyn.

Brit.

/ˈɒbstᵻnəsi/, U.S.

/ˈɑbstənəsi/

Forms: Middle English obstinasie, Middle English obstinasye, Middle English obstinesey, Middle English obstynaci, Middle English obstynacie, Middle English obstynacye, Middle English obstynasie, Middle English–1500s obstynacy, Middle English–1600s obstinacie, Middle English–1600s obstinacye, Middle English– obstinacy, 1500s obstynatye (probably transmission error); Scottish pre-1700 obstenacie, pre-1700 obstinacie, pre-1700 1700s– obstinacy.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obstinacia.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin obstinacia, obstinatia the quality of being obstinate, stubbornness (from 7th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin obstinātus obstinate adj. + -ia -y suffix³; compare -acy suffix.

a. The quality or condition of being obstinate; obduracy, stubbornness, inflexibility; persistency. Usually with pejorative connotation.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun]

obstination?1387

pertinacyc1390

obstinacya1393

thronessa1400

stubbornnessc1440

obstinance?a1475

durenessc1480

pertinacity?1504

stomacha1513

stiffness1526

tenacity1526

persistence1546

obstacleness1548

obstinateness1561

stiffneckedness1570

self-mindedness1574

intractability1579

persistency1600

obstinancy1614

contumacy1619

stomachfulness1621

tenaciousness1642

pertinaciousness1651

irresignation1657

peremptoriness1747

mulishness1763

strongheadedness1793

dourness1794

unmovableness1818

stoutheartedness1826

bullet-headednessa1849

stalwartism1879

camelishness1883

thick and thin1884

stupidity1886

jusqu'auboutisme1917

die-hardism1922

obstinative-

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. 3434 Tristesce..hath with him Obstinacie.

1415 T. Hoccleve Addr. to Sir John Oldcastle l. 91 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 11 With the ax or hamer of penance Smyte on the stoon, slee thyn obstinacie!

?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 99 (MED) Man repentyd and he [sc. Satan] in his obstynacye doth dwelle.

1493 Chastysing Goddes Chyldern (de Worde) xvii. sig. Diij^v/1 Some haue fallen in to obstynacy, whiche men haue ben so harde of hert. y^t of malice they will not be repentaunte.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. aiii Styfnesse of mynde or obstinacy they haue, whiche frowardly wyll defende their errour.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iv. f. 19 The cause wherof was..theyr owne obstinacie and frowardnes.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 23 In this desperat conflict, fought with woonderfull obstinacie of mind, many fell on both sides.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §25 Obstinacy in a bad cause, is but constancy in a good.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. xix. 357 The great obstinacy, that is to be found in Men firmly believing quite contrary Opinions.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. iii. 46 Of all this the People are well apprized, and understand how far to carry their Obstinacy, where their Liberty or Property is concerned.

1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V III. xi. 270 [He] adhered to his own opinion with his usual obstinacy.

1813 W. Taylor Eng. Synonyms 30 Thawless unmelting obstinacy.

1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals ix. 238 The habitual and firm closure of the mouth would thus come to show decision of character; and decision readily passes into obstinacy.

1908 E. F. Benson Climber 18 Aunt Elizabeth, who appeared soft and aged and effete, was gifted with a nature of almost incredible obstinacy.

1989 D. Arkell Ententes Cordiales 45 With quiet obstinacy he turned down an assured future in the French Colonial Service.

b. An instance of stubbornness or inflexibility; spec. an obstinate act; something stubborn or inflexible.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > instance or act of

obstinacy1467

1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 380 (MED) Yf ther be eny restreynt, denyinge, obstinacys, or contradiccion made by eny persone..that owith to paye such summe forfet, [etc.].

1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer v. 1788 Their obstinacies, and in all their sin.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlvii. 383 They induce simple men into an obstinacy against the Laws.

1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator I. i. 65 It was only owing to an Obstinacy of Nature, that she did not give it in plain words.

1846 T. Carlyle On Heroes (ed. 3) vi. 367 Cromwell's..Speech..to his third Parliament, in similar rebuke for their pedantries and obstinacies.

1895 T. Hardy Jude i. v. 33 To acquire languages, departed or living, in spite of such obstinacies as he now knew them inherently to possess.

1992 S. Holloway Courage High! vi. 57/2 Braidwood, whatever his obstinacies, was always interested in any new development.

2. Medicine. Persistence, esp. after treatment; resistance to treatment. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [noun] > resistance to treatment

contumacy?1541

contumaciousness1654

obstinacy1808

refractoriness1891

1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 183 This has been partly owing to the obstinacy of the disease.

1984 Dermatologica 169 (Suppl. 1) 121 The results show an exceptionally short duration of treatment in some individual cases, in others the usual obstinacy was confirmed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	obstinacy
释义	obstinacyn. Brit. /ˈɒbstᵻnəsi/, U.S. /ˈɑbstənəsi/ Forms: Middle English obstinasie, Middle English obstinasye, Middle English obstinesey, Middle English obstynaci, Middle English obstynacie, Middle English obstynacye, Middle English obstynasie, Middle English–1500s obstynacy, Middle English–1600s obstinacie, Middle English–1600s obstinacye, Middle English– obstinacy, 1500s obstynatye (probably transmission error); Scottish pre-1700 obstenacie, pre-1700 obstinacie, pre-1700 1700s– obstinacy. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obstinacia. Etymology: < post-classical Latin obstinacia, obstinatia the quality of being obstinate, stubbornness (from 7th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin obstinātus obstinate adj. + -ia -y suffix³; compare -acy suffix. 1. a. The quality or condition of being obstinate; obduracy, stubbornness, inflexibility; persistency. Usually with pejorative connotation. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] obstination?1387 pertinacyc1390 obstinacya1393 thronessa1400 stubbornnessc1440 obstinance?a1475 durenessc1480 pertinacity?1504 stomacha1513 stiffness1526 tenacity1526 persistence1546 obstacleness1548 obstinateness1561 stiffneckedness1570 self-mindedness1574 intractability1579 persistency1600 obstinancy1614 contumacy1619 stomachfulness1621 tenaciousness1642 pertinaciousness1651 irresignation1657 peremptoriness1747 mulishness1763 strongheadedness1793 dourness1794 unmovableness1818 stoutheartedness1826 bullet-headednessa1849 stalwartism1879 camelishness1883 thick and thin1884 stupidity1886 jusqu'auboutisme1917 die-hardism1922 obstinative- a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. 3434 Tristesce..hath with him Obstinacie. 1415 T. Hoccleve Addr. to Sir John Oldcastle l. 91 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 11 With the ax or hamer of penance Smyte on the stoon, slee thyn obstinacie! ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 99 (MED) Man repentyd and he [sc. Satan] in his obstynacye doth dwelle. 1493 Chastysing Goddes Chyldern (de Worde) xvii. sig. Diij^v/1 Some haue fallen in to obstynacy, whiche men haue ben so harde of hert. y^t of malice they will not be repentaunte. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. aiii Styfnesse of mynde or obstinacy they haue, whiche frowardly wyll defende their errour. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iv. f. 19 The cause wherof was..theyr owne obstinacie and frowardnes. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 23 In this desperat conflict, fought with woonderfull obstinacie of mind, many fell on both sides. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §25 Obstinacy in a bad cause, is but constancy in a good. View more context for this quotation 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. xix. 357 The great obstinacy, that is to be found in Men firmly believing quite contrary Opinions. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. iii. 46 Of all this the People are well apprized, and understand how far to carry their Obstinacy, where their Liberty or Property is concerned. 1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V III. xi. 270 [He] adhered to his own opinion with his usual obstinacy. 1813 W. Taylor Eng. Synonyms 30 Thawless unmelting obstinacy. 1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals ix. 238 The habitual and firm closure of the mouth would thus come to show decision of character; and decision readily passes into obstinacy. 1908 E. F. Benson Climber 18 Aunt Elizabeth, who appeared soft and aged and effete, was gifted with a nature of almost incredible obstinacy. 1989 D. Arkell Ententes Cordiales 45 With quiet obstinacy he turned down an assured future in the French Colonial Service. b. An instance of stubbornness or inflexibility; spec. an obstinate act; something stubborn or inflexible. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [noun] > instance or act of obstinacy1467 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 380 (MED) Yf ther be eny restreynt, denyinge, obstinacys, or contradiccion made by eny persone..that owith to paye such summe forfet, [etc.]. 1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer v. 1788 Their obstinacies, and in all their sin. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlvii. 383 They induce simple men into an obstinacy against the Laws. 1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator I. i. 65 It was only owing to an Obstinacy of Nature, that she did not give it in plain words. 1846 T. Carlyle On Heroes (ed. 3) vi. 367 Cromwell's..Speech..to his third Parliament, in similar rebuke for their pedantries and obstinacies. 1895 T. Hardy Jude i. v. 33 To acquire languages, departed or living, in spite of such obstinacies as he now knew them inherently to possess. 1992 S. Holloway Courage High! vi. 57/2 Braidwood, whatever his obstinacies, was always interested in any new development. 2. Medicine. Persistence, esp. after treatment; resistance to treatment. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [noun] > resistance to treatment contumacy?1541 contumaciousness1654 obstinacy1808 refractoriness1891 1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 183 This has been partly owing to the obstinacy of the disease. 1984 Dermatologica 169 (Suppl. 1) 121 The results show an exceptionally short duration of treatment in some individual cases, in others the usual obstinacy was confirmed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1393
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