oleumn.

Brit.

/ˈəʊlɪəm/, U.S.

/ˈoʊliəm/

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Oleum.

Etymology: < German Oleum (1882), short for post-classical Latin oleum vitrioli (1685 or earlier) < classical Latin oleum oil ( < a variant (or early form) of ancient Greek ἔλαιον (see elaeo- comb. form) that retained digamma (ϝ, /w/) at the onset of the final syllable; compare olive n.¹) + the genitive of post-classical Latin vitriolum vitriol n.The substance was earlier known in German as Nordhäuser Vitriolöl ; compare Nordhausen n. and oil of vitriol at vitriol n. 4a. The word oleum occurs as part of Latin phrases in English contexts from the Middle Ages onwards in the sense ‘oil’.

Chemistry.

Fuming sulphuric acid, an oily corrosive liquid produced by dissolving sulphur trioxide in concentrated sulphuric acid in the contact process and used in sulphonation and nitration processes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > acids > [noun] > acids-named > containing sulphur > sulphuric acid

oil of vitriol1580

vitriolic acid1748

chamber acid1853

hydrogen sulphate1869

oleum1905

1905 B. Blount & A. G. Bloxam Chem. for Engineers & Manuf. (ed. 2) II. i. 23 Ordinary vitriol is still called in Germany English sulphuric acid, in contradistinction to the fuming acid or ‘oleum’.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxv. 336 The main value of the contact process is in the production of the highly concentrated or fuming acid known commercially as oleum.

1949 P. W. Vittum tr. H. E. Fierz-David & L. Blangey Fund. Processes Dye Chem. 83 When sulfonation is done with oleum, usually only the SO₃ is used up.

1973 Times 20 Jan. 3/1 It [sc. a tanker] was carrying a maximum load of 20 tons of oleum, a corrosive acid said to react violently when in contact with a small quantity of water.

1988 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 5) iii. 115 Pure H₂SO₄ and dilute oleums have been greatly studied as solvent systems.

1999 Jrnl. Hazardous Materials 67 9 A new model describing..the processes that occur in a cloud generated from accidental spills of SO₃ and oleum has been developed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	oleum
释义	oleumn. Brit. /ˈəʊlɪəm/, U.S. /ˈoʊliəm/ Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Oleum. Etymology: < German Oleum (1882), short for post-classical Latin oleum vitrioli (1685 or earlier) < classical Latin oleum oil ( < a variant (or early form) of ancient Greek ἔλαιον (see elaeo- comb. form) that retained digamma (ϝ, /w/) at the onset of the final syllable; compare olive n.¹) + the genitive of post-classical Latin vitriolum vitriol n.The substance was earlier known in German as Nordhäuser Vitriolöl ; compare Nordhausen n. and oil of vitriol at vitriol n. 4a. The word oleum occurs as part of Latin phrases in English contexts from the Middle Ages onwards in the sense ‘oil’. Chemistry. Fuming sulphuric acid, an oily corrosive liquid produced by dissolving sulphur trioxide in concentrated sulphuric acid in the contact process and used in sulphonation and nitration processes. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > acids > [noun] > acids-named > containing sulphur > sulphuric acid oil of vitriol1580 vitriolic acid1748 chamber acid1853 hydrogen sulphate1869 oleum1905 1905 B. Blount & A. G. Bloxam Chem. for Engineers & Manuf. (ed. 2) II. i. 23 Ordinary vitriol is still called in Germany English sulphuric acid, in contradistinction to the fuming acid or ‘oleum’. 1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xxv. 336 The main value of the contact process is in the production of the highly concentrated or fuming acid known commercially as oleum. 1949 P. W. Vittum tr. H. E. Fierz-David & L. Blangey Fund. Processes Dye Chem. 83 When sulfonation is done with oleum, usually only the SO₃ is used up. 1973 Times 20 Jan. 3/1 It [sc. a tanker] was carrying a maximum load of 20 tons of oleum, a corrosive acid said to react violently when in contact with a small quantity of water. 1988 F. A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 5) iii. 115 Pure H₂SO₄ and dilute oleums have been greatly studied as solvent systems. 1999 Jrnl. Hazardous Materials 67 9 A new model describing..the processes that occur in a cloud generated from accidental spills of SO₃ and oleum has been developed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1905
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