optimaten.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɒptᵻmeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈɑptəˌmeɪt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin optimātēs, optimāt-, optimās.

Etymology: < classical Latin optimātēs (plural) the nobility, aristocrats, the senatorial party at Rome under the later Republic, use as noun of masculine plural of optimāt-, optimās belonging to the best or noblest, aristocratic, especially with reference to the senatorial party < optimus best (see optimum n.) + -ās, suffix forming adjectives. Compare Middle French, French optimates, plural (1567), Italian ottimati, plural (14th cent.), †optimati, plural (a1484).In the plural, N.E.D. (1903) notes ‘now generally pronounced as Latin (ǫptimēⁱ·tīz)’ /ɒptɪˈmeɪtiːz/.

A. n.

a. A member of the patrician order in ancient Rome. Also in extended use: a noble, an aristocrat. Usually in plural.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [noun] > member of

optimate1574

gentle blood1575

patrician1631

grandlinga1637

(man, woman) of fashion1702

Brahmani1704

ruffled shirt1754

aristocrat1789

thoroughbred1817

Brahmin1823

big bug1826

ruffle shirt1830

ruffle-shirter1842

blue blood1850

aristo1864

upper1955

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [noun] > member of > patrician > member of patrician order of Rome

patrician?a1475

optimate1574

1574 J. Whitgift Def. Aunswere to Admon. iii. 183 Thoughe they myghte be counted Optimates, yet bycause moste thyngs..were doone by the consente of the people, therefore the state..was ‘popular’.

1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades v. 85 Other, to Optimates and Kings he gaue.

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 88 All the Claudii..were alwaies Optimates, the onely maintainers or patrons of the dignitie and power of the Patritians.

1650 T. Hobbes De Corpore Politico 82 It is impossible, that the People, as one Body Politick, should covenant with the Aristocracy or Optimates.

1793 W. Godwin Enq. Polit. Justice V. x. 463 In..Cicero..this order of men is styled the ‘optimates’, the ‘virtuous’.

1850 G. Grote Hist. Greece VIII. ii. lxiv. 216 Chastising the high-handed oppressions of the optimates.

1865 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (new ed.) VIII. lxiv. 84 The free spirit of the Optimate has been repressed, and he has been constrained to cringe and flatter.

1965 W. H. Auden About House (1966) 20 As Nietzsche said they would, the plebs have got steadily Denser, the optimates Quicker still on the uptake.

1986 Amer. Hist. Rev. 91 1113 The sovereign body empowered kings, princes and ‘optimates’ and could remove them.

2001 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 21 Apr. 18 A state which was governed by a predominantly conservative senate recruited from the aristocracy (Optimates) and business classes (Equites).

†b. That which is the best. Obsolete.In quot. 1635: God.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [noun] > best person

bellman1617

optimate1635

prior1644

stang1808

top-sawyer1826

No. 11843

beyond-man1896

1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells ii. 103 The world..gouerned by One who is the best, and..that one Optimate is God himselfe.

1873 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) Oct. 726 Is it to be wondered that the admirers of Gœthe should be so enthusiastic in crowning him with the select few, the optimates in the world of letters?

†2. = optime n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > educational administration > examination > [noun] > candidates > who passes > passing at university > placed in tripos

optime1658

wrangler1750

opt1755

optimate1792

wooden spoon1803

spoon1824

op1828

senior wrangler1831

wedge1852

senior classic1859

1792 S. T. Coleridge Let. 24 Jan. (1956) I. 21 Middleton is fourth Senior Optimate.

B. adj.

Of or relating to the Roman optimates; patrician. rare before late 20th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [adjective]

aristocratic1596

select1602

qualified1604

patrician?1614

classical1629

aristocratical1742

ruffle-shirted1805

connected1817

thoroughbred1821

upper1825

eupatrid1833

optimate1846

classy1870

silver-tailed1890

upper-bracket1945

upscale1966

1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Optimate, noble; belonging to the nobility.

1974 Classical Philol. 69 280 Cornelius, as a popularis and former quaestor of Pompey, was naturally opposed by the Optimate senators.

2000 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 130 384 Caesar's use of symbols..could now appear to be the first step to the assertion of regal prerogatives and the destruction of optimate rule.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	optimate
释义	optimaten.adj. Brit. /ˈɒptᵻmeɪt/, U.S. /ˈɑptəˌmeɪt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin optimātēs, optimāt-, optimās. Etymology: < classical Latin optimātēs (plural) the nobility, aristocrats, the senatorial party at Rome under the later Republic, use as noun of masculine plural of optimāt-, optimās belonging to the best or noblest, aristocratic, especially with reference to the senatorial party < optimus best (see optimum n.) + -ās, suffix forming adjectives. Compare Middle French, French optimates, plural (1567), Italian ottimati, plural (14th cent.), †optimati, plural (a1484).In the plural, N.E.D. (1903) notes ‘now generally pronounced as Latin (ǫptimēⁱ·tīz)’ /ɒptɪˈmeɪtiːz/. A. n. 1. a. A member of the patrician order in ancient Rome. Also in extended use: a noble, an aristocrat. Usually in plural. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [noun] > member of optimate1574 gentle blood1575 patrician1631 grandlinga1637 (man, woman) of fashion1702 Brahmani1704 ruffled shirt1754 aristocrat1789 thoroughbred1817 Brahmin1823 big bug1826 ruffle shirt1830 ruffle-shirter1842 blue blood1850 aristo1864 upper1955 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [noun] > member of > patrician > member of patrician order of Rome patrician?a1475 optimate1574 1574 J. Whitgift Def. Aunswere to Admon. iii. 183 Thoughe they myghte be counted Optimates, yet bycause moste thyngs..were doone by the consente of the people, therefore the state..was ‘popular’. 1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades v. 85 Other, to Optimates and Kings he gaue. 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 88 All the Claudii..were alwaies Optimates, the onely maintainers or patrons of the dignitie and power of the Patritians. 1650 T. Hobbes De Corpore Politico 82 It is impossible, that the People, as one Body Politick, should covenant with the Aristocracy or Optimates. 1793 W. Godwin Enq. Polit. Justice V. x. 463 In..Cicero..this order of men is styled the ‘optimates’, the ‘virtuous’. 1850 G. Grote Hist. Greece VIII. ii. lxiv. 216 Chastising the high-handed oppressions of the optimates. 1865 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire (new ed.) VIII. lxiv. 84 The free spirit of the Optimate has been repressed, and he has been constrained to cringe and flatter. 1965 W. H. Auden About House (1966) 20 As Nietzsche said they would, the plebs have got steadily Denser, the optimates Quicker still on the uptake. 1986 Amer. Hist. Rev. 91 1113 The sovereign body empowered kings, princes and ‘optimates’ and could remove them. 2001 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 21 Apr. 18 A state which was governed by a predominantly conservative senate recruited from the aristocracy (Optimates) and business classes (Equites). †b. That which is the best. Obsolete.In quot. 1635: God. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [noun] > best person bellman1617 optimate1635 prior1644 stang1808 top-sawyer1826 No. 11843 beyond-man1896 1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells ii. 103 The world..gouerned by One who is the best, and..that one Optimate is God himselfe. 1873 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) Oct. 726 Is it to be wondered that the admirers of Gœthe should be so enthusiastic in crowning him with the select few, the optimates in the world of letters? †2. = optime n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > examination > [noun] > candidates > who passes > passing at university > placed in tripos optime1658 wrangler1750 opt1755 optimate1792 wooden spoon1803 spoon1824 op1828 senior wrangler1831 wedge1852 senior classic1859 1792 S. T. Coleridge Let. 24 Jan. (1956) I. 21 Middleton is fourth Senior Optimate. B. adj. Of or relating to the Roman optimates; patrician. rare before late 20th cent. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > aristocracy or upper class > [adjective] aristocratic1596 select1602 qualified1604 patrician?1614 classical1629 aristocratical1742 ruffle-shirted1805 connected1817 thoroughbred1821 upper1825 eupatrid1833 optimate1846 classy1870 silver-tailed1890 upper-bracket1945 upscale1966 1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Optimate, noble; belonging to the nobility. 1974 Classical Philol. 69 280 Cornelius, as a popularis and former quaestor of Pompey, was naturally opposed by the Optimate senators. 2000 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 130 384 Caesar's use of symbols..could now appear to be the first step to the assertion of regal prerogatives and the destruction of optimate rule. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1574
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