opportunistn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɒpətjuːnɪst/,

/ˈɒpətʃuːnɪst/,

/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪst/,

/ˌɒpəˈtʃuːnɪst/, U.S.

/ˌɑpərˈt(j)unəst/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; perhaps modelled on a German lexical item, or perhaps modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymons: opportune adj., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < opportune adj. + -ist suffix, probably after opportunism n. or German Opportunist (1838 in general sense ‘person who lacks firm principles, person who takes advantage of every opportunity’, 1876 in specific political sense), Italian opportunista (1851 as noun). Compare also French opportuniste (1876 as noun, 1878 as adjective). With sense A. 1a(a) compare inopportunist n.

A. n.

a. An advocate or practitioner of opportunism; spec. (a) (Roman Catholic Church) a person who, at the time of the Vatican Council of 1870, held that the time was opportune for the promulgation of the doctrine of Papal Infallibility (cf. inopportunist n.); (b) (French Politics) with reference to French republican statesman Léon Gambetta (1838–82); a member of his party.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > expedience > [noun] > opportunist

time-waiter1833

tide-waiter1841

opportunist1873

1873 Catholic World Jan. 493 The doctrinal definition of the Council of the Vatican, in which..the bishops of all the world, whether opportunist or inopportunist, have agreed.

1879 Appleton's Jrnl. 6 550 Gambetta..proclaims himself to be an ‘Opportunist’.

1881 Times 29 Sept. 3/6 The opportunist..yields to what he condemns..but what, as he claims, is justified and forced upon him by..circumstances.

1889 Athenæum 16 Feb. 205/2 Mr. Gosse..considers him [sc. Dryden]..to be a sort of literary opportunist.

1928 Amer. Mercury Oct. xxiv. 11 To the most common charge made against Peel, that he was a hypocrite and a double-crosser, Miss Ramsay answers that he was really no more than an opportunist.

1968 L. O'Donnell Face of Crime i. 12 The lock was of the deadbolt type that doesn't yield to the opportunist's plastic shim.

1992 N.Y. Times Mag. 2 Feb. 10/3 Carpe diem..has become the battle cry of the gutsy opportunist with an eye on the future.

b. Politics. A socialist or communist who advocates the making of concessions to the bourgeoisie; a proponent or practitioner of opportunism (opportunism n. 1b).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > socialism > [noun] > attitudes or policies > one who

revisionist1850

opportunist1902

social chauvinist1918

1902 Fortn. Rev. Jan. 128 The mountain of the [German Social Democratic] party joined hands with the Opportunists.

1934 tr. V. Lenin in Lenin on Brit. iv. i. 142 The opportunists (social-chauvinists) are working together with the imperialist bourgeoisie..in the direction of creating an imperialist Europe on the backs of Asia and Africa.

1956 J. Degras tr. L. Trotsky in Communist Internat. Documents I. 41 The opportunists, who before the world war appealed to the workers to practise moderation for the sake of the gradual transition to socialism.

1996 Moscow News (Nexis) 8 Aug. (History section) The Right-wing opportunists were especially active in their propaganda as well as against industrialization.

2. Medicine. An opportunistic organism (cf. opportunistic adj. 3).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > types of

vibrio1850

micrococcus1870

microzyme1870

Spirillum1875

mycothrix1876

leptothrix1877

Spirochaete1877

streptococcus1877

Actinomyces1879

frogspawn1880

schizophyte1880

schizomycetes1881

gonococcus1882

saprophile1882

vibrion1882

coccus1883

diplococcus1883

streptobacteria1883

Clostridium1884

actinomycetes1885

pneumococcus1885

macrococcus1887

staphylococcus1887

iron bacterium1888

Proteus1888

ferrobacterium1890

meningococcus1890

rhizobium1890

sulphobacteria1890

nitrobacterium1891

Streptothrix1891

sulphur bacterium1891

myxobacter1892

Myxococcus1892

tetracoccus1893

coli1894

Pasteurella1895

pyrotoxin1895

Gaertner1897

purple bacterium1897

myxobacterium1898

pseudomonas1899

thiobacteria1900

treponema1908

corynebacterium1909

mycobacterium1909

Salmonella1913

Neisseria1915

botulinum1916

rickettsia1916

leptospira1918

acetobacter1920

Brucella1920

pseudomonad1921

strep1927

enterobacterium1929

opportunist1937

eubacterium1939

agrobacterium1942

persister1944

Moraxella1948

enteric1956

streptomycete1956

leptospire1957

transformant1957

lysogen1958

listeria1961

C. difficile1962

yersinia1967

Campylobacter1971

cyanobacterium1973

coryneform1976

eubacterium1977

legionella1979

acetogen1982

C. diff.1990

acidophilous1996

1937 M. Frobisher Fund. Bacteriol. xiv. 138 These organisms..do not initiate the rot. They are opportunists.

1973 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 55 862/1 As an opportunist, its ability to produce human disease depends not on its intrinsic virulence but on abnormalities of host defenses.

2002 Arch. Microbiol. 177 197 Helcococcus kunzii is a gram-positive, catalase-negative opportunist.

3. Ecology. An opportunistic species (cf. opportunistic adj. 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [noun]

colonist1839

benthos1891

land form1897

heterotroph1900

autotroph1901

epibenthos1902

specialist1902

microaerophile1903

nitrifier1903

consumer1904

nitrogen fixer1904

producer1904

indicator1906

psychrophile1906

thermophil1909

sulphuretum1925

influent1926

halobiont1928

halophile1928

mesophile1928

oligosaprobe1931

saprobe1932

eurytope1938

stenotope1938

photoautotroph1939

chemoautotroph1943

prototroph1946

mixotrophy1948

chemolithoautotroph1949

auxotroph1950

chemoheterotroph1951

chemoorganotroph1953

chemolithotroph1955

chemotroph1958

osmophile1961

psychrotroph1963

saprotroph1963

generalist1964

opportunist1967

cryophile1970

1967 D. Morris Naked Ape (1969) iv. 113 The non-specialists, on the other hand—the opportunists of the animal world—can never afford to relax.

1973 P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xvii. 393 Opportunists, being specialists at dispersion, are likely to get there first but, since the fresh bare ground may be in a place of generally stable climate, the equilibrium species will not be far behind.

1975 Nature 20 Nov. 197/1 These data suggest that birch is behaving as an opportunist in the composition of the forest.

2001 Koedoe 44 79 Spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta are known to be opportunists and to have a varied diet including mammals, reptiles and birds.

B. adj.

1. = opportunistic adj. Also: composed of opportunists (in various senses).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > expedience > [adjective] > opportunistic

opportunist1879

opportunistic1892

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > socialism > [adjective] > attitudes or policies

opportunist1879

social chauvinist1918

ouvrierist1974

1879 J. Chamberlain Jrnl. 15 Feb. in J. L. Garvin Life J. Chamberlain (1932) I. iii. 274 Parnell was less opportunist and more irreconcilable than Nolan.

1887 Spectator 27 Aug. 1144 The present [French] Cabinet is in essentials an Opportunist Cabinet.

1895 F. M. Crawford Ralstons v. 68 A man of fine principles and opportunist practice.

1929 J. Fineberg tr. V. Lenin Selections I. 177 Axelrod and Martov..have dropped into the opportunist wing of our Party.

1934 tr. V. Lenin in Lenin on Brit. v. iv. 212 The victory of the revolutionary proletariat is impossible..unless the opportunist social-traitor leaders are exposed, disgraced and driven out... April–May 1920.

1961 E. Partridge Dict. Slang (ed. 5) II. 1143/2 In-and-out man, an opportunist thief.

1974 J. White tr. N. Poulantzas Fascism & Dictatorship iv. i. 147 The ‘left opportunist’ elements bore a very grave responsibility in the advent of fascism.

1991 Incentive Today Oct. 29/3 A marketplace which looks to be swinging away from the opportunist eighties.

2. Ecology. = opportunistic adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [adjective]

fieldya1382

waterya1382

agrestial1608

subterranean1638

lucifugous1654

nemoral1656

subcutaneous1664

subterraneous1832

subtidal1852

xylophilous1862

xerophilous1863

acid-loving1870

aerobic1878

aerobian1879

aerobious1879

aerobiotic1880

subaquatic1880

aerophilous1885

facultative1887

pelagic1887

aerophile1888

autotrophic1893

heterotrophic1893

plastic1893

thermophilic1894

thermophil1896

mesophilic1897

halolimnic1898

polybathic1898

tolerant1898

limnetic1899

thermophilous1899

metatrophic1900

mixotrophic1900

paratrophic1900

mesophilous1901

benthic1902

epibenthic1902

eurybathic1902

microaerophilic1903

sympatric1904

benthoal1905

cryophile1907

benthonic1909

microaerophile1909

lenitic1916

lotic1916

psychrotolerant1924

oligosaprobic1925

polysaprobic1925

aerophilic1929

saprobic1932

primary1934

lentic1935

chemoautotrophic1936

eurytopic1937

psammic1938

saprotrophic1942

prototrophic1946

chemolithoautotrophic1949

auxotrophic1950

chemolithotrophic1953

chemoorganotrophic1953

opportunist1956

psychrophile1956

psychrophilic1958

opportunistic1960

psychrotrophic1960

oligosaprobe1990

1956 Jrnl. Ecol. 44 327 The alder is primarily a pioneer and opportunist species,..capable of direct colonization of even the rawest soil material.

1973 P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xvii. 392 It is opportunist animals..which, exposed to hazard of weather in their normal lives, are most likely to have their numbers curbed by accident of weather.

2001 Ecol. Freshwater Fish 10 191 The feeding strategy of the threespine stickleback shifted from opportunist in winter to specialist in spring.

3. Medicine. = opportunistic adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] > infectious > of an infection: opportunistic

opportunistic1961

opportunist1967

1967 Jrnl. Hygiene 65 575 (heading) Classification of Mycobacterium avium and related opportunist mycobacteria met in England and Wales.

1976 Lancet 27 Nov. 1169/1 There was no evidence of opportunist infection.

2001 Thorax 56 167 The treatment of pulmonary disease caused by opportunist mycobacteria is controversial.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	opportunist
释义	opportunistn.adj. Brit. /ˈɒpətjuːnɪst/, /ˈɒpətʃuːnɪst/, /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪst/, /ˌɒpəˈtʃuːnɪst/, U.S. /ˌɑpərˈt(j)unəst/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; perhaps modelled on a German lexical item, or perhaps modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymons: opportune adj., -ist suffix. Etymology: < opportune adj. + -ist suffix, probably after opportunism n. or German Opportunist (1838 in general sense ‘person who lacks firm principles, person who takes advantage of every opportunity’, 1876 in specific political sense), Italian opportunista (1851 as noun). Compare also French opportuniste (1876 as noun, 1878 as adjective). With sense A. 1a(a) compare inopportunist n. A. n. 1. a. An advocate or practitioner of opportunism; spec. (a) (Roman Catholic Church) a person who, at the time of the Vatican Council of 1870, held that the time was opportune for the promulgation of the doctrine of Papal Infallibility (cf. inopportunist n.); (b) (French Politics) with reference to French republican statesman Léon Gambetta (1838–82); a member of his party. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > expedience > [noun] > opportunist time-waiter1833 tide-waiter1841 opportunist1873 1873 Catholic World Jan. 493 The doctrinal definition of the Council of the Vatican, in which..the bishops of all the world, whether opportunist or inopportunist, have agreed. 1879 Appleton's Jrnl. 6 550 Gambetta..proclaims himself to be an ‘Opportunist’. 1881 Times 29 Sept. 3/6 The opportunist..yields to what he condemns..but what, as he claims, is justified and forced upon him by..circumstances. 1889 Athenæum 16 Feb. 205/2 Mr. Gosse..considers him [sc. Dryden]..to be a sort of literary opportunist. 1928 Amer. Mercury Oct. xxiv. 11 To the most common charge made against Peel, that he was a hypocrite and a double-crosser, Miss Ramsay answers that he was really no more than an opportunist. 1968 L. O'Donnell Face of Crime i. 12 The lock was of the deadbolt type that doesn't yield to the opportunist's plastic shim. 1992 N.Y. Times Mag. 2 Feb. 10/3 Carpe diem..has become the battle cry of the gutsy opportunist with an eye on the future. b. Politics. A socialist or communist who advocates the making of concessions to the bourgeoisie; a proponent or practitioner of opportunism (opportunism n. 1b). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > socialism > [noun] > attitudes or policies > one who revisionist1850 opportunist1902 social chauvinist1918 1902 Fortn. Rev. Jan. 128 The mountain of the [German Social Democratic] party joined hands with the Opportunists. 1934 tr. V. Lenin in Lenin on Brit. iv. i. 142 The opportunists (social-chauvinists) are working together with the imperialist bourgeoisie..in the direction of creating an imperialist Europe on the backs of Asia and Africa. 1956 J. Degras tr. L. Trotsky in Communist Internat. Documents I. 41 The opportunists, who before the world war appealed to the workers to practise moderation for the sake of the gradual transition to socialism. 1996 Moscow News (Nexis) 8 Aug. (History section) The Right-wing opportunists were especially active in their propaganda as well as against industrialization. 2. Medicine. An opportunistic organism (cf. opportunistic adj. 3). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > bacterium > [noun] > types of vibrio1850 micrococcus1870 microzyme1870 Spirillum1875 mycothrix1876 leptothrix1877 Spirochaete1877 streptococcus1877 Actinomyces1879 frogspawn1880 schizophyte1880 schizomycetes1881 gonococcus1882 saprophile1882 vibrion1882 coccus1883 diplococcus1883 streptobacteria1883 Clostridium1884 actinomycetes1885 pneumococcus1885 macrococcus1887 staphylococcus1887 iron bacterium1888 Proteus1888 ferrobacterium1890 meningococcus1890 rhizobium1890 sulphobacteria1890 nitrobacterium1891 Streptothrix1891 sulphur bacterium1891 myxobacter1892 Myxococcus1892 tetracoccus1893 coli1894 Pasteurella1895 pyrotoxin1895 Gaertner1897 purple bacterium1897 myxobacterium1898 pseudomonas1899 thiobacteria1900 treponema1908 corynebacterium1909 mycobacterium1909 Salmonella1913 Neisseria1915 botulinum1916 rickettsia1916 leptospira1918 acetobacter1920 Brucella1920 pseudomonad1921 strep1927 enterobacterium1929 opportunist1937 eubacterium1939 agrobacterium1942 persister1944 Moraxella1948 enteric1956 streptomycete1956 leptospire1957 transformant1957 lysogen1958 listeria1961 C. difficile1962 yersinia1967 Campylobacter1971 cyanobacterium1973 coryneform1976 eubacterium1977 legionella1979 acetogen1982 C. diff.1990 acidophilous1996 1937 M. Frobisher Fund. Bacteriol. xiv. 138 These organisms..do not initiate the rot. They are opportunists. 1973 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 55 862/1 As an opportunist, its ability to produce human disease depends not on its intrinsic virulence but on abnormalities of host defenses. 2002 Arch. Microbiol. 177 197 Helcococcus kunzii is a gram-positive, catalase-negative opportunist. 3. Ecology. An opportunistic species (cf. opportunistic adj. 2). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [noun] colonist1839 benthos1891 land form1897 heterotroph1900 autotroph1901 epibenthos1902 specialist1902 microaerophile1903 nitrifier1903 consumer1904 nitrogen fixer1904 producer1904 indicator1906 psychrophile1906 thermophil1909 sulphuretum1925 influent1926 halobiont1928 halophile1928 mesophile1928 oligosaprobe1931 saprobe1932 eurytope1938 stenotope1938 photoautotroph1939 chemoautotroph1943 prototroph1946 mixotrophy1948 chemolithoautotroph1949 auxotroph1950 chemoheterotroph1951 chemoorganotroph1953 chemolithotroph1955 chemotroph1958 osmophile1961 psychrotroph1963 saprotroph1963 generalist1964 opportunist1967 cryophile1970 1967 D. Morris Naked Ape (1969) iv. 113 The non-specialists, on the other hand—the opportunists of the animal world—can never afford to relax. 1973 P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xvii. 393 Opportunists, being specialists at dispersion, are likely to get there first but, since the fresh bare ground may be in a place of generally stable climate, the equilibrium species will not be far behind. 1975 Nature 20 Nov. 197/1 These data suggest that birch is behaving as an opportunist in the composition of the forest. 2001 Koedoe 44 79 Spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta are known to be opportunists and to have a varied diet including mammals, reptiles and birds. B. adj. 1. = opportunistic adj. Also: composed of opportunists (in various senses). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > expedience > [adjective] > opportunistic opportunist1879 opportunistic1892 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > socialism > [adjective] > attitudes or policies opportunist1879 social chauvinist1918 ouvrierist1974 1879 J. Chamberlain Jrnl. 15 Feb. in J. L. Garvin Life J. Chamberlain (1932) I. iii. 274 Parnell was less opportunist and more irreconcilable than Nolan. 1887 Spectator 27 Aug. 1144 The present [French] Cabinet is in essentials an Opportunist Cabinet. 1895 F. M. Crawford Ralstons v. 68 A man of fine principles and opportunist practice. 1929 J. Fineberg tr. V. Lenin Selections I. 177 Axelrod and Martov..have dropped into the opportunist wing of our Party. 1934 tr. V. Lenin in Lenin on Brit. v. iv. 212 The victory of the revolutionary proletariat is impossible..unless the opportunist social-traitor leaders are exposed, disgraced and driven out... April–May 1920. 1961 E. Partridge Dict. Slang (ed. 5) II. 1143/2 In-and-out man, an opportunist thief. 1974 J. White tr. N. Poulantzas Fascism & Dictatorship iv. i. 147 The ‘left opportunist’ elements bore a very grave responsibility in the advent of fascism. 1991 Incentive Today Oct. 29/3 A marketplace which looks to be swinging away from the opportunist eighties. 2. Ecology. = opportunistic adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [adjective] fieldya1382 waterya1382 agrestial1608 subterranean1638 lucifugous1654 nemoral1656 subcutaneous1664 subterraneous1832 subtidal1852 xylophilous1862 xerophilous1863 acid-loving1870 aerobic1878 aerobian1879 aerobious1879 aerobiotic1880 subaquatic1880 aerophilous1885 facultative1887 pelagic1887 aerophile1888 autotrophic1893 heterotrophic1893 plastic1893 thermophilic1894 thermophil1896 mesophilic1897 halolimnic1898 polybathic1898 tolerant1898 limnetic1899 thermophilous1899 metatrophic1900 mixotrophic1900 paratrophic1900 mesophilous1901 benthic1902 epibenthic1902 eurybathic1902 microaerophilic1903 sympatric1904 benthoal1905 cryophile1907 benthonic1909 microaerophile1909 lenitic1916 lotic1916 psychrotolerant1924 oligosaprobic1925 polysaprobic1925 aerophilic1929 saprobic1932 primary1934 lentic1935 chemoautotrophic1936 eurytopic1937 psammic1938 saprotrophic1942 prototrophic1946 chemolithoautotrophic1949 auxotrophic1950 chemolithotrophic1953 chemoorganotrophic1953 opportunist1956 psychrophile1956 psychrophilic1958 opportunistic1960 psychrotrophic1960 oligosaprobe1990 1956 Jrnl. Ecol. 44 327 The alder is primarily a pioneer and opportunist species,..capable of direct colonization of even the rawest soil material. 1973 P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xvii. 392 It is opportunist animals..which, exposed to hazard of weather in their normal lives, are most likely to have their numbers curbed by accident of weather. 2001 Ecol. Freshwater Fish 10 191 The feeding strategy of the threespine stickleback shifted from opportunist in winter to specialist in spring. 3. Medicine. = opportunistic adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] > infectious > of an infection: opportunistic opportunistic1961 opportunist1967 1967 Jrnl. Hygiene 65 575 (heading) Classification of Mycobacterium avium and related opportunist mycobacteria met in England and Wales. 1976 Lancet 27 Nov. 1169/1 There was no evidence of opportunist infection. 2001 Thorax 56 167 The treatment of pulmonary disease caused by opportunist mycobacteria is controversial. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1873
随便看	defendress of the faith defendrix defendrix of the faith defends defeneration defenestrate defenestrated defenestrates defenestrating defenestration defenestrations defensal defensative defensative plaster defensatives defensatrice defense defensed defenseful defenseless defenselessly defenselessness defenselessnesses defenses defensibilities