otolithn.

Brit.

/ˈəʊtəlɪθ/,

/ˈəʊtl̩ɪθ/, U.S.

/ˈoʊdəˌlɪθ/

Forms: 1800s otolithe, 1800s– otolith.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: oto- comb. form, -lith comb. form.

Etymology: < oto- comb. form + -lith comb. form, after French otolithe (see otolite n.).

Anatomy.

1. Any of the calcareous particles found in the inner ear of vertebrates or the otocyst of invertebrates, which are involved in the perception of gravitational forces (and, in fishes, of sound) and the maintenance of balance and orientation; (also) a collection of such particles in the gelatinous membrane overlying the macula of the utricle or saccule. Also called statolith.In many fishes the otolith is a large, well-developed body with a characteristic shape and a pattern of growth rings by which the fish can be aged.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > [noun] > concretion

otolite1835

otolith1836

otoconite1842

1836 R. Owen in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 554/1 An acoustic vestibule, containing..a calcareous body or otolithe.

1868 Philos. Trans. 1867 (Royal Soc.) 157 620 The saccus vestibuli contains a single pear-shaped otolith.

1883 Gray's Anat. (ed. 10) 618 The otoliths are two small rounded bodies, consisting of a mass of minute crystalline grains of carbonate of lime, held together in a mesh of delicate fibrous tissue, and contained in the wall of the utricle and saccule, opposite the distribution of the nerves.

1900 E. A. Schäfer Text-bk. Physiol. II. 1205 Lee is of opinion that the otoliths and maculæ form the organ for statical equilibrium.

1931 E. G. Boulenger Fishes i. 17 These ear bones or ‘otoliths’ bear concentric rings, each of which marks a year's growth, and so give a fair clue to the fish's age. These annular rings upon the otoliths frequently correspond to similar rings upon the scales.

1989 Jrnl. Zool. 219 101 Fifty-eight percent of 670 fish and 37% of 36 cephalopods fed to harbour seals were represented by their otoliths or beaks in faeces.

2000 Guardian 29 June (Science section) 2/1 We balance by using our sense of sight, touch..and the otoliths and semi-circular canals of the inner ear—also no good when you're drifting around in space.

†2. An auditory ossicle. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > others

os orbiculare1698

orbicular bone1706

tympanic1851

opisthotic1865

prootic1866

tympanal1875

otolith1890

tegmen tympani1890

1890 Cent. Dict. Otolith,..one of the proper otic bones of some animals, as certain fishes; an otosteon.

Compounds

otolith organ n. Physiology the sensory portion of the utricle or saccule, consisting of the macula with its overlying otoliths.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > sense organ > hearing organ > parts of hearing organ > [noun] > other parts

otocony1835

otoconium1838

mediastinum auris1848

porion1909

otolith organ1919

otolithic membrane1932

stereo-cilium1933

1919 S. S. Maxwell in Jrnl. Gen. Physiol. 2 123 It was suggested that the dynamic function is performed by the sensory structures of the semicircular canals, the static by the otolith organs of the vestibule.

1934 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. 25 45 Changes in the direction or value of g set up nerve impulses in the otolith organs.

1961 ‘F. O'Brien’ Hard Life vi. 47 The nerves which supply the labyrinth end with a number of cells attired in hair-like projections which, when grouped, form the two otolith organs in the saccule and utricle and the three cristae of the semi-circular canals.

1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) x. 320 Linear movement in space is detected by the otolith organs of the saccule and utricle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	otolith
释义	otolithn. Brit. /ˈəʊtəlɪθ/, /ˈəʊtl̩ɪθ/, U.S. /ˈoʊdəˌlɪθ/ Forms: 1800s otolithe, 1800s– otolith. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: oto- comb. form, -lith comb. form. Etymology: < oto- comb. form + -lith comb. form, after French otolithe (see otolite n.). Anatomy. 1. Any of the calcareous particles found in the inner ear of vertebrates or the otocyst of invertebrates, which are involved in the perception of gravitational forces (and, in fishes, of sound) and the maintenance of balance and orientation; (also) a collection of such particles in the gelatinous membrane overlying the macula of the utricle or saccule. Also called statolith.In many fishes the otolith is a large, well-developed body with a characteristic shape and a pattern of growth rings by which the fish can be aged. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of ear > [noun] > concretion otolite1835 otolith1836 otoconite1842 1836 R. Owen in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 554/1 An acoustic vestibule, containing..a calcareous body or otolithe. 1868 Philos. Trans. 1867 (Royal Soc.) 157 620 The saccus vestibuli contains a single pear-shaped otolith. 1883 Gray's Anat. (ed. 10) 618 The otoliths are two small rounded bodies, consisting of a mass of minute crystalline grains of carbonate of lime, held together in a mesh of delicate fibrous tissue, and contained in the wall of the utricle and saccule, opposite the distribution of the nerves. 1900 E. A. Schäfer Text-bk. Physiol. II. 1205 Lee is of opinion that the otoliths and maculæ form the organ for statical equilibrium. 1931 E. G. Boulenger Fishes i. 17 These ear bones or ‘otoliths’ bear concentric rings, each of which marks a year's growth, and so give a fair clue to the fish's age. These annular rings upon the otoliths frequently correspond to similar rings upon the scales. 1989 Jrnl. Zool. 219 101 Fifty-eight percent of 670 fish and 37% of 36 cephalopods fed to harbour seals were represented by their otoliths or beaks in faeces. 2000 Guardian 29 June (Science section) 2/1 We balance by using our sense of sight, touch..and the otoliths and semi-circular canals of the inner ear—also no good when you're drifting around in space. †2. An auditory ossicle. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > others os orbiculare1698 orbicular bone1706 tympanic1851 opisthotic1865 prootic1866 tympanal1875 otolith1890 tegmen tympani1890 1890 Cent. Dict. Otolith,..one of the proper otic bones of some animals, as certain fishes; an otosteon. Compounds otolith organ n. Physiology the sensory portion of the utricle or saccule, consisting of the macula with its overlying otoliths. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > sense organ > hearing organ > parts of hearing organ > [noun] > other parts otocony1835 otoconium1838 mediastinum auris1848 porion1909 otolith organ1919 otolithic membrane1932 stereo-cilium1933 1919 S. S. Maxwell in Jrnl. Gen. Physiol. 2 123 It was suggested that the dynamic function is performed by the sensory structures of the semicircular canals, the static by the otolith organs of the vestibule. 1934 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. 25 45 Changes in the direction or value of g set up nerve impulses in the otolith organs. 1961 ‘F. O'Brien’ Hard Life vi. 47 The nerves which supply the labyrinth end with a number of cells attired in hair-like projections which, when grouped, form the two otolith organs in the saccule and utricle and the three cristae of the semi-circular canals. 1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) x. 320 Linear movement in space is detected by the otolith organs of the saccule and utricle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1836
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