overgov.

Brit.

/ˌəʊvəˈɡəʊ/, U.S.

/ˌoʊvərˈɡoʊ/

Inflections: Past tense overwent; past participle overgone;

Forms: see over adv. and go v.; also Middle English uergoste (in a late copy, transmission error).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch overgaen (Dutch overgaan ), Middle Low German ȫvergān , Old High German ubargān (Middle High German übergān , übergēn , German übergehen ), Old Swedish öfwerga (Swedish övergå ) < the Germanic base of over- prefix + the Germanic base of go v. Compare to go over (see go v.), overgang v., and overwend v.

In intransitive use, frequently with perfect tenses formed with to be.

a. transitive. To cross or get over (a wall, river, boundary, etc.); to pass (a point or limit); to surmount. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (transitive)] > across

overgoeOE

to come overeOE

to go over ——OE

overcome?c1225

passc1300

overpassa1382

cross1583

traject1624

cut1634

eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xvii. 28 (30) In deo meo transgrediar murum : in gode minum ic ofergaa wall.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xii. 115 Ær ðan ðe hi þa Readan Sæ ofereodon.

OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) iv. §51. 40 On langiendum dagum he ofergæð ðone suðran sunstede.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3490 God bad hem ðat merke ouer-gon.

a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) Deut. xxvii. 3 Thow mowe wryte in hem alle the wordis of this lawe, Jordan ouergoon [a1425 L.V. whanne Jordan is passid; L. transmisso].

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 63 Þat ryuer be so depe þat it mowe not be ouergoon on horse ne on fote.

a1500 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Rawl.) (1896) 39 (MED) Now..the meris y-sette of thyn eldryn lond, vnryghtfully ouer-goste [a1525 Trin. Dub. uergoste].

1609 S. Daniel Civile Wares (rev. ed.) iv. i. 87 The bounds once ouer-gone, that hold men in, They neuer stay.

1778 A. Ross Helenore (ed. 2) 34 Ere I bridle drew, O'eryeed a' bounds afore I ever knew.

1824 E. Atherstone Midsummer Day's Dream 153 That fearful chasm o'ergone, New, glorious firmaments stretch on for aye.

1896 J. Horne Canny Countryside 72 They overwent the graveyard wall in silence.

†b. transitive. figurative. To pass (a conceptual or moral limit); to transgress. Obsolete. †to overgo the balance: to do something wrong or unjust (obsolete); †to overgo one's bed: to commit adultery (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > [verb (transitive)] > by committing an offence

overgoOE

aguiltOE

misguiltc1330

erra1340

offenda1387

trespass14..

commit1445

commisea1475

offence1512

society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > do wrongfully or amiss [verb (transitive)] > transgress (a moral limit)

overgoOE

transgress1526

overstep1790

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > fornication, adultery, or incest > commit fornication, adultery, or incest [verb (intransitive)] > commit adultery

to break (one's) wedlocka1100

to break spousehoodc1175

to break (also spill) (one's) spousal1340

adultera1382

to overgo one's beda1382

vowtrec1475

to break matrimony1530

to break wedlock1530

adulterize1611

adulterate1613

to commit the seventh1874

to play away1987

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xv. 2 Quare discipuli tui transgrediuntur traditionem seniorum : forhuon ðegnas ðinne hia ofergaes uel oferhogas selenise uel setnesa ðara aeldra.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. xxiii. 25 Eche man þat ouergoþ [a1425 L.V. passith; L. transgreditur] his bed.

1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. G.v^v Ouergo not the beame or balaunce. That is to say, do nothynge besyde ryght and equitie.

1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Boulloigne iv. 182 To some who hardly ouergo Dew bounds, led by their Chieftaine rash and blind, Sweet lookes and louely words more sparely flow.

1650 R. Baxter Let. 13 Sept. in N. H. Keeble & G. F. Nuttall Calendar Corr. R. Baxter xlix. 61 I was always counted a conformable puritane, who underwent, not overwent conformity.

1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xliii Upo' the tae han' we're nae accoontable gin we dinna tak' an order wi' them that's owregyaun the laws o' the lan'.

1889 J. C. Shairp Portraits Friends 146 His friendships overwent all such limits, and included men of every party and church.

†c. intransitive. To go or pass over (to another place); to cross. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 3487 For I durst not over goo Unto the Rose I loved soo.

a1450 (a1400) Feast of Corpus Christi (Bodl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 310 (MED) Þo þe folk of iesrael were alle ouer-gon, þe se wente to-gedire.

†2. transitive. To come upon suddenly; to catch, apprehend, detect. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (transitive)] > suddenly or violently

overgoOE

ofseche?c1225

catcha1275

henta1375

to come upon ——a1382

seizec1381

takea1382

to catch to ——c1400

overpass?a1513

re-encounter1523

to come over ——1726

to come on ——1850

the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > finding or discovery > find or discover [verb (transitive)] > detect > detect (a person) in wrongdoing or predicament

finda1200

overtakea1325

takec1330

oftakea1382

overgoa1400

deprehenda1535

reprehend1538

to find out1545

surprise?1592

nail1766

pawl1859

bust1960

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > catching or capture > catch or capture [verb (transitive)]

i-lecchec1000

fang1016

hentOE

takeOE

alatchlOE

catchc1275

wina1300

to take ina1387

attain1393

geta1400

overhent?a1400

restay?a1400

seizea1400

tachec1400

arrest1481

carrya1500

collara1535

snap1568

overgo1581

surprise1592

nibble1608

incaptivate1611

nicka1640

cop1704

chop1726

nail1735

to give a person the foot1767

capture1796

hooka1800

sniba1801

net1803

nib1819

prehend1831

corral1860

rope1877

OE Andreas (1932) 820 Þus Andreas ondlangne dæg herede hleoðorcwidum haliges lare, oððæt hine semninga slæp ofereode on hronrade heofoncyninge neh.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) v. 221 Wæterseocnys hine ofereode.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3277 Ȝif he þe may ouer-go, He wil þe bren oþer slo.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 4721 (MED) Qualm has beistes al ouergan.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 13700 A wif þat wiþ horedome was ouergon.

1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 346 This bird [sc. the ostrich]..cannot mount vp to flie aloft, but flickereth in such wise as he cannot be ouergone.

†a. transitive. To pass or spread over so as to cover. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > form or act as covering for > by spreading

overbredeeOE

overgoOE

overspreadc1230

overcomea1300

spread?1567

bespreada1664

OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) x. §4. 72 Lyft is lichamlic gesceaft swiðe þynne, seo ofergæð ealne middaneard.

?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. pr. vii. 41 Thow haddest..abated in thy thought fro thilke ferthe partie as moche space as the see and the mareys contene and overgoon, and as moche space as the regioun of drowghte overstreccheth.

c1460 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1911) i. 118 (MED) Brennyng as Coolys with flawmys ovir goon..This Firy flood shal ovir sprede anoon.

a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 113 Derknesses shul not ouergo þe.

?1596 J. Dickenson Shepheardes Complaint sig. A 4^v As when a blacke thicke Meteore doth ore-goe Heau'ns light.

a1634 G. Chapman (T.) Rather, that the earth shall overgo Some one at least.

b. transitive. To pass or spread over in a hostile or injurious way; to overrun, infest. Also figurative. Scottish in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [verb (transitive)] > spread over or through (something) > in injurious manner

overgoOE

fleetc1400

overruna1538

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally > affect injuriously with

overgoOE

overruna1538

smear1549

blast1605

OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 993 Com Unlaf..to Sandwic & swa ðanon to Gipeswic & þæt eall ofereode.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1070 Þæt landfolc comen him ongean & griðedon wið hine, wændon þæt he sceolde þet land ofergan.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 10524 Ioseph þe gode..wel witstode Þe hunger þat egypte ouer-yod.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11820 Þe scab ouer-gas [a1400 Trin. Cambr. ouergooþ] his bodi all.

a1475 Dis. Hawk (Harl. 2340) f. 29, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Overgon Þi hawke..yf sche be ouyr gon with vermyn..wyll be pore.

a1500 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Wellcome) f. 23 (MED) Abowe þe wounde of the fell lay a mundificatiue..that it over go þo wounde an vnche.

1546 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 186 So that the water may not overgoo and destroye the grounde.

?1572 R. Sempill Premonitioun Barnis of Leith (single sheet) Pure Scotland..is ouirgane with a flude, Of murther and of saikles blude.

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue v. 233 It is..good pasture, but so ouer~gone with Thistles, as we can by no meanes destroy them.

1641 in Sc. Hist. Rev. (1912) 9 363 That Prelats-and-pick-thanks this land had ov'rgane.

1675 R. Burthogge Cavsa Dei 95 Persons overgone with Wickedness and Vice.

a1773 Trans. Dumfries & Galloway Nat. Hist. & Antiquarian Soc. (1933–5) 82 Now he's o'ergane wi' goud and gear.

1869 W. Knight Auld Yule 97 Her wee lady han's war in thristles o'ergane.

1933 J. Gray Lowrie 93 A fower-holed moose-faa (da hoose is owergeen).

1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. at Ower Me gairdeen's ower-gaen wi weeds.

a. intransitive. To go or pass by; to pass over or away; to go unheeded; to pass on to another part of a narrative, etc. (sometimes with the implication of omission); (of time) to pass. Now Scottish and Irish English.In quot. OE used impersonally with genitive of respect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > [verb (intransitive)]

overgoeOE

agoeOE

goOE

forthgoOE

runOE

overdrivea1275

farea1325

overmetea1325

walka1325

passc1330

slidec1374

yern1377

to pass overa1382

wastec1385

waive1390

to pass awaya1400

overseyc1400

drive?c1450

to drive ona1470

slevea1510

to roll awaya1522

to roll overa1522

to wear out, forth1525

flit1574

to pass on1574

to run on1578

overhie1582

wear1597

overslip1607

spend1607

travel1609

to go bya1616

elapsea1644

to come round1650

efflux1660

to roll round1684

lapse1702

roll1731

to roll around1769

to roll by1790

transpire1824

to come around1829

tide1835

elabe1837

tick1937

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > tell a story [verb (intransitive)] > pass on to another part of narrative

overgoeOE

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) v. ii. 115 Hie witon þeah þæt þæt ilce yfel ofereode butan geblote.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lix. 447 Hu hrædlice se eorðlica hlisa ofergæð.

OE Deor 7 Þæs ofereode, þisses swa mæg!

c1175 ( Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Bodl. 343) (1894) 8 Ða bicom heom feringa on ane tid dæȝes þær heo stoden þet heoræ naðor nan word cwæðen ne mihte; þa ðæt eft ofer gan wæs, þa cwæð dauid to þam cnihte, [etc.].

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 1883 (MED) Ne nawiht ne drede ich na deð þet ouergeað [v.r. ouergað], for þet endelese lif, þet he haueð ileuet me ananriht þrefter.

c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 952 (MED) Þe niȝtingale hi understod, An ouer gan [a1300 Jesus Oxf. auer gan] lette hire mod.

a1300 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Jesus Oxf.) 15 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 58 (MED) Mon let þi fol lust ouergo, and eft hit þe likeþ.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1903 Hear haued moyses ouer-gon, Ðor-fore he wended eft a-gon.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 220 Þe erle ansuerd nouht he lete þat word ouer go.

a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) i. 846 As hire joies moten overgon, So mote hire sorwes passen everechon.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 1009 Myn auctour lihtli ouergoth, Makith off that age no special remembraunce.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 364 He thoucht that thai mycht neuir our-ga Apon a man that wes worthy.

c1500 Quare of Jelusy 381 I coud ane hundreth samplis tell Of stories olde the quhich I lat oure go [rhyme tho, also].

c1580 Howers of Bless. Virg. 98 The yeeres of men, which so soone overgoe.

1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 64 They gladly remembred their trauel ouer-gone.

1700 J. Hopkins Amasia III. i. 59 He sees the maid, but ah! he sees her fly. How did she stay, when she might oft o'ergo, And look, and grieve, that she out-strip'd him so?

1804 R. Couper Poems I. 220 My pipe will lighten ilka heart, The hour o' wae's ouregane.

1853 W. G. Simms Poems I. 131 Was not your city of the rocks destroy'd By the wild waves, which, in my wanton mood, O'erwent and left them prostrate.

1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xliii. 301 The time's lang owregane.

1907 J. Joyce Chamber Mus. iii The night wind answering in antiphon Till night is overgone.

1925 E. C. Smith Mang Howes 24 It was nae teime owregane or oo war birlin owre the Trow Burn.

b. transitive. To pass over, pass by, let alone, omit. Now poetic or archaic.In quot. 1898 after use in the Old English poem Deor (cf. quot. OE at sense 4a).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > omit, pass over

forgetc950

overhipc1300

overgoa1382

overpassa1382

passa1382

to step over ——1387

to pass overc1390

overslipa1400

overskipc1400

overslide1488

overstartc1500

neglect1511

skip1531

to pass by1560

intermit1570

leap1600

overjump1604

jump1749

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xii. 23 Þe lord..schall passe-forþ, smytyng þe Egipciens, & whenn he seeþ þe blode in þe þreschwald & in eyþer post, he schall ouergo [a1425 Corpus Oxf. ouer goo; a1425 L.V. passe; L. transcendet] þe dore of þe house.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 5325 (MED) Ne we schal nat dissymulen..To lete slyde or liȝtly ouer-go Þe grete offencis þat were so late do.

a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) iv. 1264 Now wyll our-ga thame [sc. his deeds] mar lychtly.

1609 S. Daniel Civile Wares (rev. ed.) viii. lxxvii. 223 But, I must ouer-goe these passages; And hasten on my way.

1622 G. Wither Faire-virtue sig. D5^v Her faire eies doe checke me now, That I seem'd to passe them so: And their praises ouer goe.

1898 G. Saintsbury Short Hist. Eng. Lit. (1900) i. Interchapter i. 35 The absence or the slow coming of spanaphora or antithesis is no doubt very disheartening, but, as Deor himself has it, this also may we overgo.

1923 R. Graves Whipperginny 59 He, robbed, assumes your sceptre, He overgoes your rede.

a. transitive. To go or pass over the surface or extent of; to travel through, traverse. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > travel across or beyond

to come overeOE

overfareOE

overstridea1200

overgoc1225

to go over1415

cross1486

forpass1486

to make over1488

to put over1590

to make through1606

traject1711

society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > cross or pass over

overstyeOE

overleapeOE

overfareOE

overgoc1225

passc1300

overpassa1382

to pass through ——a1382

overlendc1450

overmetec1480

overspana1522

cross1583

transpass1626

overwenda1649

overmarcha1805

peregrinate1835

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 519 (MED) Þes sondesomon..þa he hefde al þet lond ouergan & þurhsoht, com & brohte wið him fifti scolmeistres.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1777 Mani lond he hadde ouergo, To seche his lord.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 22132 (MED) Ouer al þere crist was wont to go, He [sc. Anticrist] shal ouer gone hem also.

c1410 tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 83 Þis Ive..overȝede þe spaces of many landes.

c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 378 I bigynne to ouergo alle these and brynge to my mynde þe. þat arte souereyn god.

1509 A. Barclay tr. S. Brant Shyp of Folys (1874) I. 222 The path [to Hell] is playne, and easy to ouergo.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 195 How manie weerie steps, Of manie weerie miles you haue ore gone.

1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 188 Surely said she, you..cannot..but remember those sweete (yet for a while curst) passages in loue, which you haue ouergone.

1850 R. Browning Easter Day xiv I overwent Much the same ground of reasoning.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 84 It is often said, when a person wishes to inspect a house or church, ‘I should like to over-go it.’

1866 C. Rossetti Goblin Market (1875) 263 If I could set aside myself, And start with lightened heart upon The road by all men overgone!

1941 E. R. Eddison Fish Dinner viii. 155 Pausing in the doorway, he leisurely overwent the room with his eyes.

†b. transitive. To tread upon. Cf. overgang v. 2. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > with the foot > downwards > trample

treadc825

overtreadOE

to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175

defoulc1290

foil13..

to-treada1382

foula1400

fulyie1488

overgo1488

trample1530

tramp1533

conculcate1570

trample1577

overtrample1589

tramp1596

inculcate1598

stramplea1610

calcate1623

scrunch1861

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 725 Stampyt in mos and with rud hors ourgayne.

6. transitive. To surpass, exceed, excel.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)]

overstyeOE

overshinec1175

overgoc1225

passc1225

surmountc1369

forpassc1374

overmatcha1375

overpassa1382

to pass overa1393

overcomec1400

outpass?a1425

exceedc1425

precedec1425

superexcelc1429

transcendc1430

precel?a1439

outcut1447

overgrowc1475

to come over ——a1479

excel1493

overleapa1500

vanquish1533

outweigh1534

prevent1540

better1548

preferc1550

outgo1553

surpassa1555

exsuperate1559

cote1566

overtop1567

outrun1575

outstrip1579

outsail1580

overruna1586

pre-excel1587

outbid1589

outbrave1589

out-cote1589

top1590

outmatch1593

outvie1594

superate1595

surbravec1600

oversile1608

over-height1611

overstride1614

outdoa1616

outlustrea1616

outpeera1616

outstrikea1616

outrival1622

antecede1624

out-top1624

antecell1625

out-pitch1627

over-merit1629

outblazea1634

surmatch1636

overdoa1640

overact1643

outact1644

worst1646

overspana1657

outsoar1674

outdazzle1691

to cut down1713

ding1724

to cut out1738

cap1821

by-pass1848

overtower1850

pretergress1851

outray1876

outreach1879

cut1884

outperform1937

outrate1955

one-up1963

c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) 20 Meiðhad wið hundret fald ouergeað baþe.

a1250 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Maidstone) (1955) 92 (MED) Wisdom alle wele ouergoþ [a1275 Trin. Cambr. oure-god].

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 112 (MED) Hit clepeþ ziker bread substanciel, þet is to zigge, þet paseþ and ouergeþ alle substances.

c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Laud) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 351 (MED) Pax domini exsuperat omnem sensum..Goddis pees ouergoþ [v.r. ouurgeþ] eueriche maner wiit.

a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) Rom. iii. 9 (MED) Quid igitur precellimus eos: Þerfor what schal we seye; ouergo we þem?

c1480 (a1400) St. John Baptist 179 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 228 For he oure-gais prophetis al & patriarkis þat we cal.

a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 63^v (MED) The pecockes fethers in colors gaie ye rainebow..shall overgo.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xvi. sig. Rr5^v Abhorring to make the punishment ouergoe the offence.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 499 Euthycrates his third sonne ouerwent his brethren.

1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer vii. 221 They have just fi'd, and honor done them, Who went before, in having overgone them In doing wrongs.

a1718 W. Penn Tracts in Wks. (1726) I. 617 English Custom has very much overgone English Law in this Business of Oaths.

1820 T. Jefferson Let. 31 Aug. in Mem. (1829) I. App. 93 He so far overwent the timid hesitations of his colleagues.

1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. i. 3 How should I ever forget Odysseus' goodlihead? Whose mind overgoes all mortals.

1917 Ampleforth Jrnl. Jan. 127 He resolves to emulate, perhaps even to overgo, the ‘Orlando Furioso’.

1996 16th Cent. Jrnl. 27 970 Watkins' informed view..appropriates epic as an aboriginal form to be overgone by his favorite genre of the novel.

7. transitive. To overcome, overpower, get the better of (by force, deceit, etc.); to oppress, overwhelm. Also in weakened use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or overwhelm

overcomeeOE

overgangOE

overnimOE

overswivec1175

foldc1275

overgoc1275

to bear downc1330

oversetc1330

outrayc1390

overleada1393

overreach?a1425

overwhelmc1425

to whelve overc1440

overruna1475

surprise1474

overpress1489

surbatea1500

overhale1531

overbear1535

overcrow1550

disable1582

surgain1586

overpower1597

overman1609

to come over ——1637

to run down1655

overpower1667

compel1697

to get over ——1784

overget1877

to grab (also take) by the balls1934

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > treat cunningly [verb (transitive)] > circumvent or overreach

overgoc1275

circumvene1526

circumvent1564

undercreep1592

overreach1594

circuit1614

out-juggle1620

outwit?1630

out-plot1648

overwit1671

Cretizea1673

outjockey1714

to steal a march1771

to get over ——1784

Jew1825

outfox1872

outsmart1926

blindside1968

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 3845 Whærd [read Whær] is þe ilke mon þat me ne mæi mid mede ouer-gan?

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 15183 For nis nauer nan mon Þat me ne mai mid swikedome ouergan.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3004 Go ðu gund pharaon agen, Sei him, if min folc ne mote gon, Fleges kin sal hin ouer-gon.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 1 Thess. iv. 6 That no man ouergo [L. supergrediatur], nether disseyue his brother in cause.

c1390 Cato's Distichs (Vernon) 216 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 574 (MED) Quaunt tu aueras pouer De autre sourmounter..þe mon þat þou maiȝt ouergo, Wiþ suffrance him ouercome.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 5505 (MED) Ioseph kin ouer-gas [a1400 Trin. Cambr. ouer gooþ] alle, þat was wont to be thralle.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 6821 The stronge the feble overgoth.

1568 Want of Wyse Men (Bannatyne) in R. Henryson Poems (1908) III. 195 Wit is with will soir ourgane.

1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 70^v The simple minde will soone be ouergone.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ii. sig. N3^v With his powre he all doth ouergo, And makes them subiect to his mighty wrong.

1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. iii. sig. F3^v I am so ore-gon with miseries, Vnheard of.

1662 in Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. (1888) 22 222 She..said he was all oergane in that disease.

a1710 T. Betterton Bondman (1719) iv. i. 51 Your Suff'rings For which I am so overgone with Grief, I dare not ask without compassionate Tears.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess i. 5 When yet the leal an' ae fauld shepherd life, Was nae oergane by faucit, sturt an' strife.

1814 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse 96 A simple lad.., If no o'ergane wi' information, At least quite free frae affectation.

1825 J. Hogg Queen Hynde iii. 151 He beat our warriors on the coast, And braves them as a nerveless host, Threatening their force to overgo, And lay the towers of Selma low.

1924 C. Mackenzie Heavenly Ladder v. 75 At present you could knock me down on a feather, as old Mrs. Geary used to say, I'm that overgone by it all.

2001 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Jrnl. Sentinel (Nexis) 24 June j1 The Russians will say, ‘We'll build some missiles that will overgo this missile defense.’

8. transitive. To go or rise higher than, or over the top of. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > ascend (something) [verb (transitive)] > rise above

overstyeOE

overgoc1350

surmountc1374

overspringc1395

overrisea1400

overmounta1425

surpassa1649

top1774

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xxxvii. 4 (MED) Myn wickednesse ben ouergon [L. supergressæ sunt] myn heued.

a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 2505 (MED) And otherwise is doun, the wal tarise, And ouer go the touris altitude.

1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. v. 128 Springs..welled forth and ouer-went the top.

1657 W. Rand tr. P. Gassendi Mirrour of Nobility iv. 50 When Druentia, or Rhodanus over-went their banks.

1999 CNBC News Transcripts (Nexis) 16 Sept. The Potomac River..has not overgone its banks.

†9. transitive. To pass, live through, spend (time, or an event seen in the context of time). Also, of time: to pass over (a person). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > continuance or tenacity of life > continue in life [verb (transitive)] > survive age or stage in life

passc1350

overgoa1400

surmounta1530

out-pitch1627

turn1716

the world > time > [verb (transitive)] > pass over a person

overgo1588

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 2640 (MED) Abram had þan Sex and fourscor yeir ouergan.

1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike Ded. sig. ¶ There bee almost seauen yeares now ouergone mee, since first I began to be a medler with these Logicall meditations.

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xv. liii. 277 But hauing passed all that frosen ground, And ouergone that winter sharpe and keene, A warme, milde, pleasant, gentle skie they found.

†10. transitive. To go faster than, outstrip, overtake. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake

betakea1000

oftakelOE

overtakec1225

ofgoc1300

under-get1390

attain1393

overget?a1400

overgoc1425

gaincopec1440

overhiec1440

overhalec1540

overcatch1570

overhent1590

win1596

to grow on or upon1603

catcha1616

to fetch up1622

to fetch of, upon1659

overhaul1793

to meet up with1837

to catch up1838

to get past1857

the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip

to leave behinda1393

overgoc1425

preventa1500

outgo1530

out-trot1555

outstrip1567

stripa1592

outpacea1596

out-swift1606

to have (also get) the speed ofa1616

outstretcha1642

to give (a person or thing) the go-by1642

to gain bounds of1653

outrace1657

outspeed1661

to cast behind1681

distance1691

belag1721

repass1728

outfoot1740

outdistance1789

fore-reach1803

to have the foot of1832

to run away1843

slip1856

short-head1863

tine1871

forespeed1872

outrate1873

c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 26 (MED) He renneþ wondir fast, and some tyme at þe partyng for his leire he shal ouer goo a brace of good greye houndes.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 648/2 He is so lyght a man that he wyll sone overgo me.

1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades vi. 105 If it chance that we be ouergone By his more swiftnes, vrge him still, to run vpon our fleet.

1675 W. Dugdale Baronage Eng. I. 142/1 Setting Spurs to that Horse, he overwent them all.

1691 J. Dunton Voy. round World I. 19 Whoever round the Earths vast Circle ran..Whether Dutch Vander, or Castilian Don, None sure, none over-went thee yet, Friend John!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	overgo
释义	overgov. Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈɡəʊ/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈɡoʊ/ Inflections: Past tense overwent; past participle overgone; Forms: see over adv. and go v.; also Middle English uergoste (in a late copy, transmission error). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch overgaen (Dutch overgaan ), Middle Low German ȫvergān , Old High German ubargān (Middle High German übergān , übergēn , German übergehen ), Old Swedish öfwerga (Swedish övergå ) < the Germanic base of over- prefix + the Germanic base of go v. Compare to go over (see go v.), overgang v., and overwend v. In intransitive use, frequently with perfect tenses formed with to be. 1. a. transitive. To cross or get over (a wall, river, boundary, etc.); to pass (a point or limit); to surmount. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (transitive)] > across overgoeOE to come overeOE to go over ——OE overcome?c1225 passc1300 overpassa1382 cross1583 traject1624 cut1634 eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xvii. 28 (30) In deo meo transgrediar murum : in gode minum ic ofergaa wall. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xii. 115 Ær ðan ðe hi þa Readan Sæ ofereodon. OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) iv. §51. 40 On langiendum dagum he ofergæð ðone suðran sunstede. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3490 God bad hem ðat merke ouer-gon. a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) Deut. xxvii. 3 Thow mowe wryte in hem alle the wordis of this lawe, Jordan ouergoon [a1425 L.V. whanne Jordan is passid; L. transmisso]. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 63 Þat ryuer be so depe þat it mowe not be ouergoon on horse ne on fote. a1500 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Rawl.) (1896) 39 (MED) Now..the meris y-sette of thyn eldryn lond, vnryghtfully ouer-goste [a1525 Trin. Dub. uergoste]. 1609 S. Daniel Civile Wares (rev. ed.) iv. i. 87 The bounds once ouer-gone, that hold men in, They neuer stay. 1778 A. Ross Helenore (ed. 2) 34 Ere I bridle drew, O'eryeed a' bounds afore I ever knew. 1824 E. Atherstone Midsummer Day's Dream 153 That fearful chasm o'ergone, New, glorious firmaments stretch on for aye. 1896 J. Horne Canny Countryside 72 They overwent the graveyard wall in silence. †b. transitive. figurative. To pass (a conceptual or moral limit); to transgress. Obsolete. †to overgo the balance: to do something wrong or unjust (obsolete); †to overgo one's bed: to commit adultery (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > [verb (transitive)] > by committing an offence overgoOE aguiltOE misguiltc1330 erra1340 offenda1387 trespass14.. commit1445 commisea1475 offence1512 society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > do wrongfully or amiss [verb (transitive)] > transgress (a moral limit) overgoOE transgress1526 overstep1790 society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > fornication, adultery, or incest > commit fornication, adultery, or incest [verb (intransitive)] > commit adultery to break (one's) wedlocka1100 to break spousehoodc1175 to break (also spill) (one's) spousal1340 adultera1382 to overgo one's beda1382 vowtrec1475 to break matrimony1530 to break wedlock1530 adulterize1611 adulterate1613 to commit the seventh1874 to play away1987 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xv. 2 Quare discipuli tui transgrediuntur traditionem seniorum : forhuon ðegnas ðinne hia ofergaes uel oferhogas selenise uel setnesa ðara aeldra. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. xxiii. 25 Eche man þat ouergoþ [a1425 L.V. passith; L. transgreditur] his bed. 1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. G.v^v Ouergo not the beame or balaunce. That is to say, do nothynge besyde ryght and equitie. 1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Boulloigne iv. 182 To some who hardly ouergo Dew bounds, led by their Chieftaine rash and blind, Sweet lookes and louely words more sparely flow. 1650 R. Baxter Let. 13 Sept. in N. H. Keeble & G. F. Nuttall Calendar Corr. R. Baxter xlix. 61 I was always counted a conformable puritane, who underwent, not overwent conformity. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xliii Upo' the tae han' we're nae accoontable gin we dinna tak' an order wi' them that's owregyaun the laws o' the lan'. 1889 J. C. Shairp Portraits Friends 146 His friendships overwent all such limits, and included men of every party and church. †c. intransitive. To go or pass over (to another place); to cross. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 3487 For I durst not over goo Unto the Rose I loved soo. a1450 (a1400) Feast of Corpus Christi (Bodl.) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 310 (MED) Þo þe folk of iesrael were alle ouer-gon, þe se wente to-gedire. †2. transitive. To come upon suddenly; to catch, apprehend, detect. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (transitive)] > suddenly or violently overgoOE ofseche?c1225 catcha1275 henta1375 to come upon ——a1382 seizec1381 takea1382 to catch to ——c1400 overpass?a1513 re-encounter1523 to come over ——1726 to come on ——1850 the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > finding or discovery > find or discover [verb (transitive)] > detect > detect (a person) in wrongdoing or predicament finda1200 overtakea1325 takec1330 oftakea1382 overgoa1400 deprehenda1535 reprehend1538 to find out1545 surprise?1592 nail1766 pawl1859 bust1960 the mind > possession > taking > seizing > catching or capture > catch or capture [verb (transitive)] i-lecchec1000 fang1016 hentOE takeOE alatchlOE catchc1275 wina1300 to take ina1387 attain1393 geta1400 overhent?a1400 restay?a1400 seizea1400 tachec1400 arrest1481 carrya1500 collara1535 snap1568 overgo1581 surprise1592 nibble1608 incaptivate1611 nicka1640 cop1704 chop1726 nail1735 to give a person the foot1767 capture1796 hooka1800 sniba1801 net1803 nib1819 prehend1831 corral1860 rope1877 OE Andreas (1932) 820 Þus Andreas ondlangne dæg herede hleoðorcwidum haliges lare, oððæt hine semninga slæp ofereode on hronrade heofoncyninge neh. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) v. 221 Wæterseocnys hine ofereode. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3277 Ȝif he þe may ouer-go, He wil þe bren oþer slo. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 4721 (MED) Qualm has beistes al ouergan. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 13700 A wif þat wiþ horedome was ouergon. 1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 346 This bird [sc. the ostrich]..cannot mount vp to flie aloft, but flickereth in such wise as he cannot be ouergone. 3. †a. transitive. To pass or spread over so as to cover. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > form or act as covering for > by spreading overbredeeOE overgoOE overspreadc1230 overcomea1300 spread?1567 bespreada1664 OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) x. §4. 72 Lyft is lichamlic gesceaft swiðe þynne, seo ofergæð ealne middaneard. ?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. pr. vii. 41 Thow haddest..abated in thy thought fro thilke ferthe partie as moche space as the see and the mareys contene and overgoon, and as moche space as the regioun of drowghte overstreccheth. c1460 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1911) i. 118 (MED) Brennyng as Coolys with flawmys ovir goon..This Firy flood shal ovir sprede anoon. a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 113 Derknesses shul not ouergo þe. ?1596 J. Dickenson Shepheardes Complaint sig. A 4^v As when a blacke thicke Meteore doth ore-goe Heau'ns light. a1634 G. Chapman (T.) Rather, that the earth shall overgo Some one at least. b. transitive. To pass or spread over in a hostile or injurious way; to overrun, infest. Also figurative. Scottish in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [verb (transitive)] > spread over or through (something) > in injurious manner overgoOE fleetc1400 overruna1538 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally > affect injuriously with overgoOE overruna1538 smear1549 blast1605 OE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 993 Com Unlaf..to Sandwic & swa ðanon to Gipeswic & þæt eall ofereode. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1070 Þæt landfolc comen him ongean & griðedon wið hine, wændon þæt he sceolde þet land ofergan. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 10524 Ioseph þe gode..wel witstode Þe hunger þat egypte ouer-yod. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11820 Þe scab ouer-gas [a1400 Trin. Cambr. ouergooþ] his bodi all. a1475 Dis. Hawk (Harl. 2340) f. 29, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Overgon Þi hawke..yf sche be ouyr gon with vermyn..wyll be pore. a1500 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Wellcome) f. 23 (MED) Abowe þe wounde of the fell lay a mundificatiue..that it over go þo wounde an vnche. 1546 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 186 So that the water may not overgoo and destroye the grounde. ?1572 R. Sempill Premonitioun Barnis of Leith (single sheet) Pure Scotland..is ouirgane with a flude, Of murther and of saikles blude. 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue v. 233 It is..good pasture, but so ouer~gone with Thistles, as we can by no meanes destroy them. 1641 in Sc. Hist. Rev. (1912) 9 363 That Prelats-and-pick-thanks this land had ov'rgane. 1675 R. Burthogge Cavsa Dei 95 Persons overgone with Wickedness and Vice. a1773 Trans. Dumfries & Galloway Nat. Hist. & Antiquarian Soc. (1933–5) 82 Now he's o'ergane wi' goud and gear. 1869 W. Knight Auld Yule 97 Her wee lady han's war in thristles o'ergane. 1933 J. Gray Lowrie 93 A fower-holed moose-faa (da hoose is owergeen). 1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. at Ower Me gairdeen's ower-gaen wi weeds. 4. a. intransitive. To go or pass by; to pass over or away; to go unheeded; to pass on to another part of a narrative, etc. (sometimes with the implication of omission); (of time) to pass. Now Scottish and Irish English.In quot. OE used impersonally with genitive of respect. ΘΚΠ the world > time > [verb (intransitive)] overgoeOE agoeOE goOE forthgoOE runOE overdrivea1275 farea1325 overmetea1325 walka1325 passc1330 slidec1374 yern1377 to pass overa1382 wastec1385 waive1390 to pass awaya1400 overseyc1400 drive?c1450 to drive ona1470 slevea1510 to roll awaya1522 to roll overa1522 to wear out, forth1525 flit1574 to pass on1574 to run on1578 overhie1582 wear1597 overslip1607 spend1607 travel1609 to go bya1616 elapsea1644 to come round1650 efflux1660 to roll round1684 lapse1702 roll1731 to roll around1769 to roll by1790 transpire1824 to come around1829 tide1835 elabe1837 tick1937 society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > tell a story [verb (intransitive)] > pass on to another part of narrative overgoeOE eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) v. ii. 115 Hie witon þeah þæt þæt ilce yfel ofereode butan geblote. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lix. 447 Hu hrædlice se eorðlica hlisa ofergæð. OE Deor 7 Þæs ofereode, þisses swa mæg! c1175 ( Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Bodl. 343) (1894) 8 Ða bicom heom feringa on ane tid dæȝes þær heo stoden þet heoræ naðor nan word cwæðen ne mihte; þa ðæt eft ofer gan wæs, þa cwæð dauid to þam cnihte, [etc.]. c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 1883 (MED) Ne nawiht ne drede ich na deð þet ouergeað [v.r. ouergað], for þet endelese lif, þet he haueð ileuet me ananriht þrefter. c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 952 (MED) Þe niȝtingale hi understod, An ouer gan [a1300 Jesus Oxf. auer gan] lette hire mod. a1300 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Jesus Oxf.) 15 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 58 (MED) Mon let þi fol lust ouergo, and eft hit þe likeþ. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1903 Hear haued moyses ouer-gon, Ðor-fore he wended eft a-gon. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 220 Þe erle ansuerd nouht he lete þat word ouer go. a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) i. 846 As hire joies moten overgon, So mote hire sorwes passen everechon. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 1009 Myn auctour lihtli ouergoth, Makith off that age no special remembraunce. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 364 He thoucht that thai mycht neuir our-ga Apon a man that wes worthy. c1500 Quare of Jelusy 381 I coud ane hundreth samplis tell Of stories olde the quhich I lat oure go [rhyme tho, also]. c1580 Howers of Bless. Virg. 98 The yeeres of men, which so soone overgoe. 1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 64 They gladly remembred their trauel ouer-gone. 1700 J. Hopkins Amasia III. i. 59 He sees the maid, but ah! he sees her fly. How did she stay, when she might oft o'ergo, And look, and grieve, that she out-strip'd him so? 1804 R. Couper Poems I. 220 My pipe will lighten ilka heart, The hour o' wae's ouregane. 1853 W. G. Simms Poems I. 131 Was not your city of the rocks destroy'd By the wild waves, which, in my wanton mood, O'erwent and left them prostrate. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xliii. 301 The time's lang owregane. 1907 J. Joyce Chamber Mus. iii The night wind answering in antiphon Till night is overgone. 1925 E. C. Smith Mang Howes 24 It was nae teime owregane or oo war birlin owre the Trow Burn. b. transitive. To pass over, pass by, let alone, omit. Now poetic or archaic.In quot. 1898 after use in the Old English poem Deor (cf. quot. OE at sense 4a). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > omit, pass over forgetc950 overhipc1300 overgoa1382 overpassa1382 passa1382 to step over ——1387 to pass overc1390 overslipa1400 overskipc1400 overslide1488 overstartc1500 neglect1511 skip1531 to pass by1560 intermit1570 leap1600 overjump1604 jump1749 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xii. 23 Þe lord..schall passe-forþ, smytyng þe Egipciens, & whenn he seeþ þe blode in þe þreschwald & in eyþer post, he schall ouergo [a1425 Corpus Oxf. ouer goo; a1425 L.V. passe; L. transcendet] þe dore of þe house. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 5325 (MED) Ne we schal nat dissymulen..To lete slyde or liȝtly ouer-go Þe grete offencis þat were so late do. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) iv. 1264 Now wyll our-ga thame [sc. his deeds] mar lychtly. 1609 S. Daniel Civile Wares (rev. ed.) viii. lxxvii. 223 But, I must ouer-goe these passages; And hasten on my way. 1622 G. Wither Faire-virtue sig. D5^v Her faire eies doe checke me now, That I seem'd to passe them so: And their praises ouer goe. 1898 G. Saintsbury Short Hist. Eng. Lit. (1900) i. Interchapter i. 35 The absence or the slow coming of spanaphora or antithesis is no doubt very disheartening, but, as Deor himself has it, this also may we overgo. 1923 R. Graves Whipperginny 59 He, robbed, assumes your sceptre, He overgoes your rede. 5. a. transitive. To go or pass over the surface or extent of; to travel through, traverse. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > travel across or beyond to come overeOE overfareOE overstridea1200 overgoc1225 to go over1415 cross1486 forpass1486 to make over1488 to put over1590 to make through1606 traject1711 society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > cross or pass over overstyeOE overleapeOE overfareOE overgoc1225 passc1300 overpassa1382 to pass through ——a1382 overlendc1450 overmetec1480 overspana1522 cross1583 transpass1626 overwenda1649 overmarcha1805 peregrinate1835 c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 519 (MED) Þes sondesomon..þa he hefde al þet lond ouergan & þurhsoht, com & brohte wið him fifti scolmeistres. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1777 Mani lond he hadde ouergo, To seche his lord. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 22132 (MED) Ouer al þere crist was wont to go, He [sc. Anticrist] shal ouer gone hem also. c1410 tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 83 Þis Ive..overȝede þe spaces of many landes. c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 378 I bigynne to ouergo alle these and brynge to my mynde þe. þat arte souereyn god. 1509 A. Barclay tr. S. Brant Shyp of Folys (1874) I. 222 The path [to Hell] is playne, and easy to ouergo. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 195 How manie weerie steps, Of manie weerie miles you haue ore gone. View more context for this quotation 1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 188 Surely said she, you..cannot..but remember those sweete (yet for a while curst) passages in loue, which you haue ouergone. 1850 R. Browning Easter Day xiv I overwent Much the same ground of reasoning. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 84 It is often said, when a person wishes to inspect a house or church, ‘I should like to over-go it.’ 1866 C. Rossetti Goblin Market (1875) 263 If I could set aside myself, And start with lightened heart upon The road by all men overgone! 1941 E. R. Eddison Fish Dinner viii. 155 Pausing in the doorway, he leisurely overwent the room with his eyes. †b. transitive. To tread upon. Cf. overgang v. 2. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > with the foot > downwards > trample treadc825 overtreadOE to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175 defoulc1290 foil13.. to-treada1382 foula1400 fulyie1488 overgo1488 trample1530 tramp1533 conculcate1570 trample1577 overtrample1589 tramp1596 inculcate1598 stramplea1610 calcate1623 scrunch1861 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 725 Stampyt in mos and with rud hors ourgayne. 6. transitive. To surpass, exceed, excel. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] overstyeOE overshinec1175 overgoc1225 passc1225 surmountc1369 forpassc1374 overmatcha1375 overpassa1382 to pass overa1393 overcomec1400 outpass?a1425 exceedc1425 precedec1425 superexcelc1429 transcendc1430 precel?a1439 outcut1447 overgrowc1475 to come over ——a1479 excel1493 overleapa1500 vanquish1533 outweigh1534 prevent1540 better1548 preferc1550 outgo1553 surpassa1555 exsuperate1559 cote1566 overtop1567 outrun1575 outstrip1579 outsail1580 overruna1586 pre-excel1587 outbid1589 outbrave1589 out-cote1589 top1590 outmatch1593 outvie1594 superate1595 surbravec1600 oversile1608 over-height1611 overstride1614 outdoa1616 outlustrea1616 outpeera1616 outstrikea1616 outrival1622 antecede1624 out-top1624 antecell1625 out-pitch1627 over-merit1629 outblazea1634 surmatch1636 overdoa1640 overact1643 outact1644 worst1646 overspana1657 outsoar1674 outdazzle1691 to cut down1713 ding1724 to cut out1738 cap1821 by-pass1848 overtower1850 pretergress1851 outray1876 outreach1879 cut1884 outperform1937 outrate1955 one-up1963 c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) 20 Meiðhad wið hundret fald ouergeað baþe. a1250 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Maidstone) (1955) 92 (MED) Wisdom alle wele ouergoþ [a1275 Trin. Cambr. oure-god]. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 112 (MED) Hit clepeþ ziker bread substanciel, þet is to zigge, þet paseþ and ouergeþ alle substances. c1390 Charter Abbey Holy Ghost (Laud) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 351 (MED) Pax domini exsuperat omnem sensum..Goddis pees ouergoþ [v.r. ouurgeþ] eueriche maner wiit. a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) Rom. iii. 9 (MED) Quid igitur precellimus eos: Þerfor what schal we seye; ouergo we þem? c1480 (a1400) St. John Baptist 179 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 228 For he oure-gais prophetis al & patriarkis þat we cal. a1550 ( G. Ripley Compend of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 63^v (MED) The pecockes fethers in colors gaie ye rainebow..shall overgo. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xvi. sig. Rr5^v Abhorring to make the punishment ouergoe the offence. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 499 Euthycrates his third sonne ouerwent his brethren. 1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer vii. 221 They have just fi'd, and honor done them, Who went before, in having overgone them In doing wrongs. a1718 W. Penn Tracts in Wks. (1726) I. 617 English Custom has very much overgone English Law in this Business of Oaths. 1820 T. Jefferson Let. 31 Aug. in Mem. (1829) I. App. 93 He so far overwent the timid hesitations of his colleagues. 1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. i. 3 How should I ever forget Odysseus' goodlihead? Whose mind overgoes all mortals. 1917 Ampleforth Jrnl. Jan. 127 He resolves to emulate, perhaps even to overgo, the ‘Orlando Furioso’. 1996 16th Cent. Jrnl. 27 970 Watkins' informed view..appropriates epic as an aboriginal form to be overgone by his favorite genre of the novel. 7. transitive. To overcome, overpower, get the better of (by force, deceit, etc.); to oppress, overwhelm. Also in weakened use. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or overwhelm overcomeeOE overgangOE overnimOE overswivec1175 foldc1275 overgoc1275 to bear downc1330 oversetc1330 outrayc1390 overleada1393 overreach?a1425 overwhelmc1425 to whelve overc1440 overruna1475 surprise1474 overpress1489 surbatea1500 overhale1531 overbear1535 overcrow1550 disable1582 surgain1586 overpower1597 overman1609 to come over ——1637 to run down1655 overpower1667 compel1697 to get over ——1784 overget1877 to grab (also take) by the balls1934 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > treat cunningly [verb (transitive)] > circumvent or overreach overgoc1275 circumvene1526 circumvent1564 undercreep1592 overreach1594 circuit1614 out-juggle1620 outwit?1630 out-plot1648 overwit1671 Cretizea1673 outjockey1714 to steal a march1771 to get over ——1784 Jew1825 outfox1872 outsmart1926 blindside1968 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 3845 Whærd [read Whær] is þe ilke mon þat me ne mæi mid mede ouer-gan? c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 15183 For nis nauer nan mon Þat me ne mai mid swikedome ouergan. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3004 Go ðu gund pharaon agen, Sei him, if min folc ne mote gon, Fleges kin sal hin ouer-gon. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 1 Thess. iv. 6 That no man ouergo [L. supergrediatur], nether disseyue his brother in cause. c1390 Cato's Distichs (Vernon) 216 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 574 (MED) Quaunt tu aueras pouer De autre sourmounter..þe mon þat þou maiȝt ouergo, Wiþ suffrance him ouercome. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 5505 (MED) Ioseph kin ouer-gas [a1400 Trin. Cambr. ouer gooþ] alle, þat was wont to be thralle. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 6821 The stronge the feble overgoth. 1568 Want of Wyse Men (Bannatyne) in R. Henryson Poems (1908) III. 195 Wit is with will soir ourgane. 1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 70^v The simple minde will soone be ouergone. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ii. sig. N3^v With his powre he all doth ouergo, And makes them subiect to his mighty wrong. View more context for this quotation 1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. iii. sig. F3^v I am so ore-gon with miseries, Vnheard of. 1662 in Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. (1888) 22 222 She..said he was all oergane in that disease. a1710 T. Betterton Bondman (1719) iv. i. 51 Your Suff'rings For which I am so overgone with Grief, I dare not ask without compassionate Tears. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess i. 5 When yet the leal an' ae fauld shepherd life, Was nae oergane by faucit, sturt an' strife. 1814 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse 96 A simple lad.., If no o'ergane wi' information, At least quite free frae affectation. 1825 J. Hogg Queen Hynde iii. 151 He beat our warriors on the coast, And braves them as a nerveless host, Threatening their force to overgo, And lay the towers of Selma low. 1924 C. Mackenzie Heavenly Ladder v. 75 At present you could knock me down on a feather, as old Mrs. Geary used to say, I'm that overgone by it all. 2001 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Jrnl. Sentinel (Nexis) 24 June j1 The Russians will say, ‘We'll build some missiles that will overgo this missile defense.’ 8. transitive. To go or rise higher than, or over the top of. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > ascend (something) [verb (transitive)] > rise above overstyeOE overgoc1350 surmountc1374 overspringc1395 overrisea1400 overmounta1425 surpassa1649 top1774 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xxxvii. 4 (MED) Myn wickednesse ben ouergon [L. supergressæ sunt] myn heued. a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 2505 (MED) And otherwise is doun, the wal tarise, And ouer go the touris altitude. 1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. v. 128 Springs..welled forth and ouer-went the top. 1657 W. Rand tr. P. Gassendi Mirrour of Nobility iv. 50 When Druentia, or Rhodanus over-went their banks. 1999 CNBC News Transcripts (Nexis) 16 Sept. The Potomac River..has not overgone its banks. †9. transitive. To pass, live through, spend (time, or an event seen in the context of time). Also, of time: to pass over (a person). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > continuance or tenacity of life > continue in life [verb (transitive)] > survive age or stage in life passc1350 overgoa1400 surmounta1530 out-pitch1627 turn1716 the world > time > [verb (transitive)] > pass over a person overgo1588 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 2640 (MED) Abram had þan Sex and fourscor yeir ouergan. 1588 A. Fraunce Lawiers Logike Ded. sig. ¶ There bee almost seauen yeares now ouergone mee, since first I began to be a medler with these Logicall meditations. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xv. liii. 277 But hauing passed all that frosen ground, And ouergone that winter sharpe and keene, A warme, milde, pleasant, gentle skie they found. †10. transitive. To go faster than, outstrip, overtake. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake betakea1000 oftakelOE overtakec1225 ofgoc1300 under-get1390 attain1393 overget?a1400 overgoc1425 gaincopec1440 overhiec1440 overhalec1540 overcatch1570 overhent1590 win1596 to grow on or upon1603 catcha1616 to fetch up1622 to fetch of, upon1659 overhaul1793 to meet up with1837 to catch up1838 to get past1857 the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip to leave behinda1393 overgoc1425 preventa1500 outgo1530 out-trot1555 outstrip1567 stripa1592 outpacea1596 out-swift1606 to have (also get) the speed ofa1616 outstretcha1642 to give (a person or thing) the go-by1642 to gain bounds of1653 outrace1657 outspeed1661 to cast behind1681 distance1691 belag1721 repass1728 outfoot1740 outdistance1789 fore-reach1803 to have the foot of1832 to run away1843 slip1856 short-head1863 tine1871 forespeed1872 outrate1873 c1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Vesp. B.xii) (1904) 26 (MED) He renneþ wondir fast, and some tyme at þe partyng for his leire he shal ouer goo a brace of good greye houndes. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 648/2 He is so lyght a man that he wyll sone overgo me. 1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades vi. 105 If it chance that we be ouergone By his more swiftnes, vrge him still, to run vpon our fleet. 1675 W. Dugdale Baronage Eng. I. 142/1 Setting Spurs to that Horse, he overwent them all. 1691 J. Dunton Voy. round World I. 19 Whoever round the Earths vast Circle ran..Whether Dutch Vander, or Castilian Don, None sure, none over-went thee yet, Friend John! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.eOE
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