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单词 panter
释义

pantern.1

Brit. /ˈpantə/, U.S. /ˈpæn(t)ər/
Forms: Middle English pantar, Middle English panteere, Middle English panteir, Middle English pantire, Middle English pantre, Middle English pantyr, Middle English pauncer (transmission error), Middle English paunter, Middle English ponter, Middle English–1500s pantere, Middle English– panter, 1500s panther, 1600s pantiere.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French panter, pantiere.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman panter clap-net, snare (mid 13th cent. or earlier), Old French pantiere (1240; Middle French, French pantière ; also attested as †panthiere (c1598)) < post-classical Latin panthera fowling net (11th cent.; perhaps already in classical Latin in Varro, where editors emend panthēr , denoting a kind of net, to panthēra ), transferred use of classical Latin panthēra a birdcatcher's whole catch (2nd cent. a.d.) < ancient Greek παν- pan- comb. form + θήρα hunt < θηρᾶν to hunt or its etymon θήρ wild beast (see thero- comb. form). Compare Byzantine Greek πάνθηρος supporting all animals (of the earth). Compare Italian pantera (13th cent.; 1598 in Florio as pantiera glossed as ‘a kind of tramell or fowling net’).
Now rare (English regional (Lancashire) in later use).
1. A fowling net; a snare or noose for catching birds. Earliest in †pantermaker.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fowling > fowling equipment > [noun] > trap or snare
panter1299
linesc1325
pitfalla1382
gilderta1400
pantle?a1450
shrape1532
pitfold1575
strap1584
scrape1620
pole trap1879
teagle1908
1299 in W. Hudson Leet Jurisdict. Norwich (1892) 52 (MED) Johanne le pantermakere de Cantebrigg.
1400 in C. Frost Early Hist. Hull (1827) App. 3 vj lb. croci, viij dus' streght', ij gros pauncer', val. xvij li. xv s.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 381 Pantere, snare for byrdys, laqueus, pedica.
c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Prol. 131 The smale foules..from the panter and the net ben scaped.
a1500 (?a1410) J. Lydgate Churl & Bird (Lansd.) 77 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 471 (MED) The brid was trappid & cauht in a panteere.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 251/2 Panther to catche byrdes with, panneau.
1652 E. Ashmole Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum 215 The Byrd was trapped and cawt in a Panter.
1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 28 The pantiere nett.
1782 J. Elphinston tr. Martial Epigrams iii. xciii. 173 Thy panters, unpropt, are decay'd To nets of Arachne's control.
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale 61/2 Panter, a snare for birds, made of hair.
2. figurative. A trap; a treacherous plot. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1300 St. Michael (Laud) 220 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 306 Þe luþere gostes beoth aboute with heore luþere pouwer, To bi–traye wrechche men and bringue into heore paunter.
c1330 in T. Wright Polit. Songs Eng. (1839) 344 (MED) Pride hath in his paunter kauht the heie and the lowe.
?c1430 (a1400) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 200 (MED) Ydelnesse is þe develis panter, to tempte men to synne.
c1475 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1913) 130 303 (MED) Oure feyth beleueth confessioun of thy name, Yef we dyspose in vertu to perseuere, That iustyce shall breke the panters of blame.
a1500 in R. L. Greene Early Eng. Carols (1935) 271 (MED) In a panter I am caute, My fot his pennyd, I may not owt.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

pantern.2

Brit. /ˈpantə/, U.S. /ˈpæn(t)ər/
Forms:

α. Middle English paneter, Middle English paniter, Middle English panyter, Middle English panytere, Middle English panytrere; Scottish pre-1700 panetar, pre-1700 panetare, pre-1700 panetier, pre-1700 paniter, pre-1700 panneter, pre-1700 panniter, pre-1700 pennyter, pre-1700 penytre.

β. Middle English painter, Middle English pantere, Middle English pantre, Middle English panttere, Middle English pantyr, Middle English– panter, 1500s pantour (Scottish).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French paneter, panetier.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman paneter, panetier, pannetier, paintier pantry-man, panter, baker and Old French, Middle French, French panetier, pannetier panter (c1200; c1170 as penetier ), baker (c1330; 1260 as paneter ) < pain bread (see pain n.2) + -etier , extended form of -ier -er suffix2 (compare Middle French, French †paneter to knead bread (c1304), to supply with bread (1350 in an isolated attestation)). Compare Old Occitan panatier , panetier , Catalan paneter , Spanish panadero (c1335), Italian panettiere (13th cent. as panattiere ), post-classical Latin panaterius , panetarius , paneterius , panitarius baker (from 11th cent.), officer in charge of the pantry (frequently from the second half of the 12th cent. in British and continental sources). Compare pantler n., panterer n.Frequent in surnames from the 13th cent. (as le Panetier , le Paneter , le Panetir , le Panter , etc.), although these seem more likely to reflect the Anglo-Norman than the Middle English word. The following further forms are attested for the surname in Older Scots: panitar , panyter , and (although it is possible that some may instead show painter n.1) pantare, panteir, panter, panther, pantre, paunter.
Now historical.
The officer in a household who supplied the bread and had charge of the pantry (an office later merged with that of butler); the controller of the bread or food supplies in general in a large establishment, esp. a royal court. Formerly also: †a baker (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > pantryman
panterc1325
pantler?a1400
panterera1450
pantryman1522
α.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3868 (MED) He ȝef þat lond of normandye bedwer is boteler, & þat lond of aungeo kaye, is paneter.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 9034 (MED) Is sones adreint were, & is paniter & is chamberlein & is botiler.
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xvii. 151 (MED) Pacience is hus paneter and payn to pouerte fyndeth, And sobrete ȝeueþ heere swete drynke.
a1475 Bp. Grossetest's Househ. Stat. (Sloane 1986) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 330 Command the panytrere with youre brede, & the botelare with wyne and ale, come to-gedur afore ȝou at the tabulle.
1593 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1882) 1st Ser. V. 734 Cautions..in £2000 by..Robert Galbraith..and Alexander Seytoun..as surety for him (band presented for registration by Frances Galbraith, ‘paniter’ to his Majesty).
β. c1400 Bk. to Mother (Bodl.) 49 (MED) Þou schalt not fynde aboute Marie and hure childe none..panter, ne boteler, ne curisese cokis.a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 667 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 322 Þenne comes þe pantere with loues thre.a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 624 Bakere uel panttere [glossing]arthocopus.c1530 Bible (Tyndale) Jonah Prol. C iv Though all the bred be committed vn to the panter.1577 H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture (new ed.) sig. A.iiijv If thou be admitted in any offyce, as Butler or Panter, in some places they are both one.1851 T. H. Turner Some Acct. Domest. Archit. I. iv. 137 The Pantry..was superintended by the panter or pannetier.1991 S. K. Penham Reckoning (1992) xxiii. 329 The panter carefully cut their trenchers from round loaves marked with holy crosses.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pantern.3

Brit. /ˈpantə/, U.S. /ˈpæn(t)ər/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pant v., -er suffix1.
Etymology: < pant v. + -er suffix1.
A person who or thing which pants.
1. slang. The heart. Obsolete.Quot. 1699 may represent a pun on sense 2 (cf. quot. 1785 at sense 2), although attested slightly earlier.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > heart > [noun]
hearteOE
panter1673
throbber1828
blood pump1898
ticker1930
1673 R. Head Canting Acad. 42 Panter, a Heart.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Panter, a Hart.
c1725 Old Song in J. S. Farmer Musa Pedestris (1896) 44 Didst thou know..but half of the smart Which has seized on my panter, since thou didst depart.
1796 Grose's Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (ed. 3) Panter... The human heart, which frequently pants in time of danger.
1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 127/2 Panter, heart.
1881 A. Trumble Slang Dict. N.Y., London & Paris 25/1 Panter, the heart.
2. A person who or animal which pants for breath. Also figurative: one who is desperate for, or chases after, something.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > [noun] > one who longs or yearns
longer1435
yearnerc1480
lingerer1579
panter1710
hankerer1846
1710 W. Congreve On Mrs. Arabella Hunt, Singing ii, in Wks. III. 876 Which, warbling Mystick Sounds, Cements the bleeding Panter's Wounds.
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Panter, a hart, that animal is, in the psalms, said to pant after the fresh water brooks.
1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VII xxxix. 84 All panters for newspaper praise.
1840 New Monthly Mag. 60 492 Panters after posthumous reputation.
1931 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 207/1 Panters allers follow you, but they don't never do you no harm unless they think you're scared.
1998 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman (Nexis) 3 June b1 Don't let the dog up on the bed to sleep next to you, especially if the dog is a heavy panter.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pantern.4

Origin: Of uncertain origin.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a sense development of panter n.2 (perhaps compare breadbasket n. 2 for the possible semantic development) or of panter n.3 It is also unclear whether the two senses given in the quot. 1706 represent a single word or two separate words of different origins.
Obsolete. rare. Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
= paunch n.1 1. Also: a pustulous swelling on a draught-horse's neck.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > disorders of neck
poll evil1587
panter1706
poll-sickness1899
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > front > belly or abdomen > [noun] > types of
just wombc1400
paunch?a1425
gorbelly1519
barrel-belly1561
grand paunch1569
pack paunch1582
swag-paunch1611
swag bellya1616
bottle belly1655
paunch-gut1683
pot belly1696
gundy-gut1699
tun-bellya1704
panter1706
corporation1753
pancheon1804
poda1825
bow window1840
pot1868
pus-gut1935
beer belly1942
pussy-gut1949
pot-gut1951
Molson muscle1967
beer gut1976
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Panter, the Paunch or Belly; also a Sore or Gall on the Neck of Draught-Beasts.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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n.11299n.2c1325n.31673n.41706
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