parishn.

Brit.

/ˈparɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrɪʃ/

Forms: Middle English parach, Middle English parache, Middle English parashe, Middle English parche, Middle English parehce, Middle English paresch, Middle English paresche, Middle English paress, Middle English paressh, Middle English parich, Middle English pariȝs, Middle English pariȝsch, Middle English parische, Middle English parissche, Middle English parisse, Middle English paroish, Middle English paros, Middle English parosche, Middle English parosse, Middle English parossh, Middle English parosshe, Middle English parrach, Middle English parrasch, Middle English parrausch, Middle English parresche, Middle English parrische, Middle English parrych, Middle English parrysshe, Middle English parsche, Middle English parshe, Middle English parshȝ, Middle English parych, Middle English parysche, Middle English parysse, Middle English paryssh, Middle English parysshe, Middle English peresche, Middle English perissch, Middle English perisshe, Middle English persche, Middle English–1500s parasche, Middle English–1500s pares, Middle English–1500s paresshe, Middle English–1500s pariche, Middle English–1500s parisch, Middle English–1500s parissh, Middle English–1500s paroche, Middle English–1500s paryche, Middle English–1500s parys, Middle English–1500s parysch, Middle English–1500s parysh, Middle English–1500s paryshe, Middle English–1600s parishe, Middle English–1600s parisshe, Middle English–1600s paroch, Middle English– parish, 1500s parasshe, 1500s pareche, 1500s parriche, 1500s peroche, 1500s–1600s parrishe, 1600s paresh, 1600s parrish, 1600s pirsh, 1700s pars, 1900s– perish (Irish English (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 pareis, pre-1700 pareoch, pre-1700 pariche, pre-1700 parioche, pre-1700 pariosh, pre-1700 paris, pre-1700 parisch, pre-1700 parische, pre-1700 parise, pre-1700 parochy, pre-1700 parriche, pre-1700 parrisch, pre-1700 parrische, pre-1700 parroch, pre-1700 parroche, pre-1700 parrochie, pre-1700 parysch, pre-1700 paryst, pre-1700 perrioche, pre-1700 perroch, pre-1700 perroche, pre-1700 perysch, pre-1700 1700s parioch, pre-1700 1700s paroch, pre-1700 1700s paroche, pre-1700 1700s– parish, pre-1700 1700s– paroys, pre-1700 1700s– perish, 1800s paeriss, 1800s parieshe, 1800s peris, 1800s perris, 1800s perrish, 1800s– pairis, 1800s– pairish. N.E.D. (1904) also records forms Middle English parise, Middle English proche.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French paroche, parosse.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman paroche, parosce, parosche, parose, parosse, paroch, parache, paroisse, parochie, etc., and Old French parosse, parroce, paroesse, Old French, Middle French paroisse, (especially northern and eastern) paroche, parroche, perroche, parrochie, etc. (French paroisse ) ecclesiastical parish (11th cent.), parish church (12th cent.), rural district (1283), the inhabitants of an ecclesiastical parish (1636) < post-classical Latin parochia (also in forms parrocia (6th cent.), parocia (7th cent.)) province, diocese (late 4th cent.; from 5th cent. in British sources), parish church (6th cent.), district of a parish church, parish (frequently from 8th cent. in British and continental sources), people of a parish (from late 12th cent. in British sources), an alteration (see below) of paroecia province, diocese (late 4th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek παροικία sojourn, community of sojourners, in Christian use, the charge of a bishop, a diocese, later the charge of a presbyter, a parish (see below) < ancient Greek πάροικος dwelling beside or near, neighbouring, a neighbour, in Hellenistic Greek dwelling temporarily or sojourning in a foreign land, a sojourner (Septuagint, New Testament, and Christian writers; < παρα- para- prefix¹ + οἶκος house, dwelling: see oecist n.) + -ία -ia suffix¹.Hellenistic Greek παροικία denoted originally ‘sojourn in a foreign land’ (Septuagint), ‘community of sojourners’, with reference to the Jewish people in a foreign land (1st cent. b.c.), and with reference to earthly life as a temporary abode (1st cent. a.d., also New Testament: 1 Peter 1:17; compare corresponding use of πάροικοι (plural), 1 Peter 2:11), hence ‘Christian community’ (3rd cent.), ‘diocese’ (3rd cent.), ‘parish’ (4th cent.). Compare also Hellenistic Greek παροικεῖν to dwell beside, to sojourn in (New Testament), also with reference to earthly life as a temporary sojourn. Post-classical Latin parochia shows alteration of paroecia after classical Latin parochus a local administrator in the Roman provinces who supplied public officials with shelter, fuel, etc., when they came into his district ( < Hellenistic Greek πάροχος ). The word occurs early in Anglo-Norman in the Laws of William I:c1150 Laws of William I in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 492 E de mere iglise de parosse [1623 paroisse] xx souz, e de chapele x souz. It has not been found in English, however, before c1300. Although the parochial system was more or less developed in many (perhaps most) parts of England before the year 1000, there is no word formed from parochia , nor any directly answering to it, in Old English; the nearest equivalents being scriftscīr ( < shrift n. + shire n.), frequently in the works of Wulfstan (often translating Latin parochia ), prēostscīr ( < priest n. + shire n.), attested once in the Old English translation of Theodulf of Orleans Capitula (translating Latin parochia ), and mæsseprēostscīr ( < mass-priest n. + shire n.), also attested once in the same work (again translating Latin parochia ); Old English hīernes area of authority (specifically cirican hīernes ; < the same Germanic base as hear v. + -ness suffix) is also occasionally attested in sense ‘parish’. None of these examples is attested earlier than the 11th cent.

1. The body of people who attend a particular church; the inhabitants of a parish (sense 2a).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > laity > congregation > [noun]

lathingc897

church folka1200

parishc1300

congregation1526

meeting1593

assemblya1616

society1738

pew1882

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > inhabitant of a district or parish > [noun] > collectively

shirea1122

parishc1300

sidec1325

commona1382

community1426

township1443

vicinage1647

county1651

countryside1669

sucken1872

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > parish priest > jurisdiction of or parish

priestshireOE

church-sokenOE

parishc1300

parishenc1400

parishingc1450

cure1480

charge1530

paroece1564

parochrie1581

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1845 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 159 (MED) Ech preost somonede is paroche [c1300 Harl. parosche; a1325 Corpus Cambr. parissens].

c1330 in T. Wright Polit. Songs Eng. (1839) 328 (MED) And thus shal al the parish for lac of lore spille.

a1450 Form Excommun. (Claud.) in E. Peacock Myrc's Instr. Parish Priests (1902) 60 (MED) Þe grete sentens..foure tymes in þe ȝere Þou schalte pronownce with-owtyn lette, Whan þe parich is togydur mette.

a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 418 (MED) Þey harmen hem silf & þer pariȝs & oþer pupple þat is aboute hem.

?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 356 Sic preist, sic pariche: what suld mair?

1680 R. Baxter Answer to Dr. Stillingfleet xxxiv. 54 Not the..Tenth Part of the Parish can come to Hear him in the Church.

1753 T. Gray Long Story in Six Poems 17 By this time all the Parish know it.

1806 S. Cassan Poems 62 The story you told, all the parish agree, Would just suit Mrs. Chatterbox, over her tea.

1875 H. Jerson Lamson's Church First Three Cent. vii. ii. 308 The term ‘parish’ is applied in America to congregations, considered as the minister's ‘cure of souls’ without the reference to local limits with which in England it is associated.

1936 W. Raymond Love & Quiet Life 258 They..went running down the street. The parish, soon apprised that excitement was afoot, came out of door.

1989 L. Clarke Chymical Wedding 192 If you skate with the same passion as you preach I dare say you will have the whole parish at your feet.

a. Originally: a relatively large area (resembling a modern diocese) incorporating a township or cluster of townships under the control of a minster (chiefly historical). Subsequently: an area or district having its own priest, parson, or other incumbent under the jurisdiction of a bishop (to whom tithes and ecclesiastical dues were formally paid); a territorial subdivision of a diocese.In the 7th and 8th centuries the area regarded by modern historians as the parish was a large minster parochia, in which the secular clergy of the minster provided pastoral care to a large surrounding area. Within this pattern there gradually emerged in the 9th and 10th centuries numbers of small local churches. Very many of these were of private character, in that they were created and owned by major landowners and were not initially tied into a strict ecclesiastical hierarchy. They became increasingly permanent in identity, a transition signalled by the rebuilding in stone of significant numbers of local churches in the period around 1050–1150. Thus by the 12th cent. the old minster system was breaking up.By the 13th cent. the Church had asserted its control over this new pattern, and the parish becomes defined in terms of geographical boundaries and its place in the ecclesiastical hierarchy.The modern sense includes the ancient parochial chapelries (sometimes chapels of ease), which fulfilled the function of local pastoral care typically associated with the parish and parish church in England, but which were jurisdictionally subsidiary to the mother church of the parish (see chapel n. 3b and see chapelry n. 1). Such chapelries are a feature of areas of dispersed rather than nucleated settlement and often of regions with relatively low intensity of manorial control. Thus they occur in northern and upland areas. Chapelries often, at the time of the rationalization by the Church of parochial boundaries in the 19th cent., gained independent parish status. In Scotland, a parish with both ecclesiastical and civil functions (the latter now restricted) is called a parish quoad omnia. The Church of Scotland may create a new parish for ecclesiastical purposes within a parish quoad omnia, known as a parish quoad sacra. In England, the original parish when retained for civil purposes, although subdivided for ecclesiastical purposes, is usually distinguished as a civil parish; the equivalent in Scotland, known as a parish quoad civilia, ceased to be a unit of local government in 1929.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > administrative divisions in Britain > parish

parisha1325

out-parish1577

a1325 St. Bridget (Corpus Cambr.) 102 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 41 (MED) Þer is ȝute a churche of sein Bride, And a gret parisse in hure name þat lasteþ longe & wide.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 42 Symonye..is ine ham þet be yefþes oþer be behotinges oþer be biddinges dreduolle oþer be seuise naȝt clene yeueþ þe prouendres and þe parosses oþer oþre benefices of holy cherche.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 89 Denys..to deled parisches [v.rr. parsches, paryshes, ?a1475 anon. tr. paresches; L. parochias] and chirche hawes and assigned to everich a preost.

1387 Will in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 209 Y be-quethe x s. to the most nedful men & women þat ben in the parche of our lady of abberchirch.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 29501 (MED) If þou did a sin Anoþer preistes paroch in, Þat preist thoru resun o þi plight Mai curs þe þan.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 384 Paros, or parysche [?a1475 Winch. parych], parochia.

1464 Rolls of Parl. V. 542/1 Provided..that this..nor eny othir Acte..be prejudiciall..to..a Graunte..of alle the Landis..in the paroche of Cleobury.

c1533 T. Cranmer Let. 26 Nov. in Remains (1833) I. 73 My friend..was born in the same paroche.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xx. 132 Nocht ane boroustone nor landuard paris vitht in the realme.

1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. E^v A heardsmans daughter of the same parish.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxiv. 220 Otherwise Palestine was a great Parish, and some therein had an hundred miles to Church.

1681 in London Gaz. No. 1649/2 The Ministers of each Paroch.

1742 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 42 240 John Ferguison, a Native of the Paroch of Killmellfoord in the Shire of Argyle.

1758 S. Johnson Idler 4 Nov. 241 I am going to settle in my native parish.

1817 J. Jebb Let. 28 Feb. in J. Jebb & A. Knox Thirty Years' Corr. (1834) II. 314 Observe, that our Roman catholic, and church of England parishes, are not exactly conterminous.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. i. 170 Parishes are frequently intermixed with one another. This seems to have arisen from the lord of the manor having had a parcel of land detached from the main part of his estate, but not sufficient to form a parish of itself.

1885 C. I. Elton in Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 296/1 Under the powers given by the Church Building Acts, many populous parishes have been subdivided into smaller ecclesiastical parishes.

1889 Local Govt. (Scotland) Act 52 & 53 Vict. c. 50 §105 The expression ‘parish’ means a parish quoad civilia for which a separate parochial board is or can be appointed.

1905 T. Burns Benefice Lect. 71 There is this peculiarity about the stipends of the typical country parish that they do not depend on the financial prosperity or liberality of the congregation, as is the case in quoad sacra parishes.

1949 U. Pope-Hennessy Canon Charles Kingsley 19 Both husband and wife took their duties very seriously and set themselves to organise the parish by districts and form classes and committees to carry out the activities they planned.

1982 S. Radley Talent for Destruction x. 70 Trendiness doesn't do in a parish like Breckham Market.

†b. As many people as would fill a parish. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount

felec825

muchc1230

good wone1297

plentyc1300

bushelc1374

sight1390

mickle-whata1393

forcea1400

manynessa1400

multitudea1400

packc1400

a good dealc1430

greata1450

sackful1484

power1489

horseloadc1500

mile1508

lump1523

a deal?1532

peckc1535

heapa1547

mass1566

mass1569

gallon1575

armful1579

cart-load1587

mickle1599

bushelful1600–12

a load1609

wreck1612

parisha1616

herd1618

fair share1650

heapa1661

muchness1674

reams1681

hantle1693

mort1694

doll?1719

lift1755

acre1759

beaucoup1760

ton1770

boxload1795

boatload1807

lot1811

dollop1819

swag1819

faggald1824

screed1826

Niagara1828

wad1828

lashings1829

butt1831

slew1839

ocean1840

any amount (of)1848

rake1851

slather1857

horde1860

torrent1864

sheaf1865

oodlesa1867

dead load1869

scad1869

stack1870

jorum1872

a heap sight1874

firlot1883

oodlings1886

chunka1889

whips1888

God's quantity1895

streetful1901

bag1917

fid1920

fleetful1923

mob1927

bucketload1930

pisspot1944

shitload1954

megaton1957

mob-o-ton1975

gazillion1978

buttload1988

shit ton1991

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 169 Il'd let a parish of such Clotens blood.

c. An ecclesiastical area equivalent to a parish in a non-English-speaking country.

ΚΠ

1839 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 432/1 There are in Rome 54 parishes and 300 churches.

1880 E. Hatch in W. Smith & S. Cheetham Dict. Christian Antiq. II. 1560/1 In Gaul and Spain a single presbyter or a single deacon was sometimes put in charge of a parish. That a deacon might be ‘rector’ of a parish is clear from many instances, e.g. Conc. Illib. c. 77.

1989 Holiday Which? Sept. 186/1 Salizada: formerly the principal street of a parish [in Italy].

d. In extended use: any sphere of action or responsibility.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > business claiming attention > an occupation or affair > affairs > sphere of activity

fieldOE

limitationc1405

hemisphere?1504

ambitudea1525

world1580

orb1598

spherea1616

ambit1649

scene1737

orblet1841

front1917

parish1940

ballpark1963

shtick1965

1940 W. H. Auden Another Time 52 The ape Is really at home in the parish Of grimacing and licking.

1951 Times 1 Jan. 7/6 Covering the whole of the F.E.A.F. [sc. Far East Air Force] area,..two impressions stand out..the vastness of its ‘parish’ and of its commitments..and the slenderness of the aircraft resources at its disposal.

1977 D. Beaty Excellency ii. 25 From British Embassies and High Commissions all over the world came messages reporting reactions of their parishes to the recent events.

2000 Evening Post (Nottingham) (Nexis) 22 Nov. 15 I did not know the situation for county councils. That is not my parish.

a. A division or department of a county or other area, sometimes identical with an ecclesiastical parish but sometimes having quite different limits, constituted for various purposes of local government and civil administration, originally esp. for the administration of the Poor Law; (in England) the smallest unit of local government in many rural areas; (in some former British Colonies) a local division used for civil purposes, frequently as an electoral district; a civil parish.The existing ecclesiastical parishes were adopted by the Tudor state for civil purposes in a series of legislative measures beginning in the 1530s. These involved the parish having local responsibility for vital registration, highways, militia matters, and, above all, poor relief, roles which were largely retained until the 1830s. Parish councils and parish meetings were established by an Act of 1894.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in U.S.A.

hundred1621

town1631

squadron1636

county1662

precinct1713

parish1772

back county1775

district1792

metropolitan district1817

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > for administration of poor-law

union1830

civil parish1835

parish1847

1601 Act 43 Eliz. c. 2 Ouerseers of the Poore of the same Parish.

1641 in E. D. Neill Virginia Carolorum 165 Resolved, That the county of Upper Norfolk be divided into three distinct parishes.

1687 Proclam. Jas. II 25 Nov. (heading) For restraining the Number and Abuses of Hackney Coaches in and about the Cities of London and Westminster, and the Suburbs thereof, and Parishes comprised within the Bills of Mortality.

1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iv. 9 Besides this Division into Counties, and Parishes, there are two other sub-divisions.

1734 J. Vanderlint Money answers All Things 12 Cheap as Corn is, the Number of Poor, as most Parishes find, is greatly encreased of late Years.

1772 Amherst (Mass.) Rec. (1884) 60/1 The Vote taken respecting the Dividing of the District into two Districts or parishes was past in the Negative.

1847 J. R. McCulloch Descr. & Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire (ed. 3) II. v. viii. 653 The selection of the ‘parish’ as the territorial division likely to prove the most convenient for the purposes of poor-law administration, was, no doubt, fully justified by the circumstances of the country in Queen Elizabeth's reign.

1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 296/2 Burial Acts Parish, the Burial Acts from 1852 to 1875 deal with areas which are treated as parishes for the purposes of those Acts.

1893 Daily News 22 Mar. 4/6 There are..civil parishes and ecclesiastical parishes, which do not exactly coincide either in number or in extent.

1958 Encycl. Canada VII. 289/1 Each of the 15 counties is organized as a municipality; the unit of representation in the county councils is the parish.

1963 S. H. Steinberg New Dict. Brit. Hist. 259/2 [The] Civil Parish originated when Tudor poor law and highway legislation made the p[arish] a unit of local government under Justices of the Peace. Since the 16th century the boundaries of C[ivil] P[arish] and ecclesiastical p[arish] have diverged.

1991 J. Kingdon Local Govt. & Polit. in Brit. v. 70 The possible divisions and subdivisions can stretch almost to infinity, producing a hierarchy including province, region, county, district, parish, community, even a group of houses in a street.

b. U.S. In Louisiana: any of the territorial divisions corresponding to a county in other states.Such parishes were sometimes ecclesiastical in origin but often constituted solely for purposes of civil administration.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in U.S.A. > in Louisiana

parish1839

1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 174/1 For political and civil purposes Louisiana is divided into thirty-one parishes.

1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 639 In the parish of Opelousas (parish, in Louisiana, is equivalent to county) there were many.

1900 Congress. Rec. 5 Feb. 1498/1 The subdivisions of my State instead of being called counties are called parishes.

1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 May 19/3 Long left his Senate seat vacant for more than a year..until the 1932 Louisiana elections, when a distinguished-looking toady from Winn Parish..became governor.

†4. Church History. A district under the spiritual charge of a bishop; a diocese. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > bishop > [noun] > see of

bishopricc890

shirec893

richeOE

bishopstoolc1065

siege1297

bishop-see1330

diocesec1330

seata1387

see?a1400

eveschiec1475

bishopwick1570

chair1615

parish1709

episcopate1807

1709 J. Johnson Clergy-man's Vade Mecum: Pt. II 10 Let not a Bishop be allowed to leave his own parish, and leap into another.

1898 A. Jessopp in 19th Cent. Jan. 50 Parish indicated originally the geographical area over which the jurisdiction of a bishop extended.

5. Curling. = house n.¹ 12b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > curling > [noun] > area of ice > space round mark

cockee1789

parish1872

house1883

1872 Royal Caled. Curling Club Ann. 286 Others putting on too much ‘pouther’, and sending their stones out of the ‘parish’.

1893–4 Royal Caled. Curling Club Ann. 104 (E.D.D.) He has plenty of running to win into the parish.

1914 J. G. Grant Compl. Curler ii. vii. 91 The space within the 7-foot ring is colloquially known as the ‘house’.., or sometimes ‘parish’.

Phrases

on (also upon) the parish: (originally) receiving parish relief (now historical); (hence) destitute, dependent on charity or state support. Esp. in to go (also come, fall, be sent, etc.) on the parish.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > be poor [verb (intransitive)] > receive poor relief

to live on the alms-basket1598

to go (also come, fall, be sent, etc.) on the parisha1637

to take collection1670

to come (also go, fall, be flung, etc.) upon the town1836

the mind > possession > poverty > in impoverished state [phrase] > in receipt of relief

on (also upon) the parisha1637

in collection1702

upon (also on) the town1783

a1637 N. Ferrar Story Bks. Little Gidding (1899) 219 That a Father should leave his children on the Parish through..unthriftines.

1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 150 Consider that Bank-Granaries..will be the occasion of taking infinite poor people off the Parish, and prevent others falling upon the Parish.

1692 King James II in C. Petrie Jacobite Movement (1932) App. 296 Leaving their Children on the parish.

1731 Flying Post 12 Aug. 2/2 His Mother, who was maintain'd by his Labour, being come upon the Parish, is sent to the Work-house at Wandsworth.

1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 218 His parents, honest and fail'd mechanicks, had, by the best traces he could get of them, left him an infant orphan on the parish.

1830 Examiner 803/2 He shall either go upon the parish or starve.

1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner i. 9 It was in the nature of a stroke to partly take away the use of a man's limbs and throw him on the parish, if he'd got no children to look to.

1890 F. W. Robinson Very Strange Family 6 The boy will certainly be sent to the parish, if you don't pay for him.

1990 Observer 27 May 8/7 A rescue scheme to keep mortgage defaulters from ‘going on the parish’ will be launched during National Housing Week.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. With sense ‘of, belonging to, or relating to a parish’.

† parish altar n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1481 in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 188 Chaplanis and serwandis at the paroche alter in Sant Andros kyrk, as pleban and curat of the parochanaris.

parish bell n.

ΚΠ

1728 E. Young Universal Passion: Satire VI 3 Satan himself will toll the parish bell.

1773 C. Dibdin Deserter i. ii. 5 The parish-bell may toll, Gra'mercy on my soul! Ding dong! Swing swong!

1888 W. Raymond Misterton's Mistake viii As if Wycherney volk had nothing..to do but to listen to hear the parish bell ting-tangey.

2003 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Nexis) 6 Apr. f 1 The first Parish bell tolled 79 times, once for each year of his life.

parish bounds n.

ΚΠ

1641 G. Wither Haleluiah ii. xxiii. 275 We are heedfull to observe, The certaine Limits, of our Grounds; And (Outward-Quiet to preserve) Walk, yeerly, round our Parish-Bounds.

1762 Life, Trav., & Adventures Christopher Wagstaff I. xix. 92 Tis zame woman having never avore been above..a quoit's cast out of her parish bounds.

1861 J. Brent in Archaeologia Cantiana 4 36 Approaching St. George's parish-bounds.

1981 Dict. National Biogr. 1961–70 558/1 There he came into contact with many movements, interests, and people normally beyond parish bounds.

parish constable n.

ΚΠ

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 85^v Neither can the parish Constables well brooke the same, because it submitteth them to a subalterne commaund.

1751 J. G. Appeal to Facts 49 Directions for that Constable to deliver them to the next Parish Constable.

1872 Act 35 & 36 Vict. c. 92 The establishment of an efficient police in the counties of England and Wales has rendered the general appointment of parish constables unnecessary.

1993 Guardian 23 Nov. i. 4/7 Twenty new pilot schemes for ‘parish wardens’ or parish constables, some with powers of arrest, will be in place by the end of the year.

† parish-drudge n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 580 A simple and obscure parish-drudge, to whom no one pays any manner of attention.

† parish dungeon n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1681 T. Otway Souldiers Fortune v. i. 69 Ye night Toads of the Parish Dungeon.

parish duty n.

ΚΠ

1665 J. Wilson Projectors ii. i. 18 He is exempt from rates, and Parish-duties.

1798 R. Southey Old Mansion-House i Old friend! why you seem bent on parish duty, Breaking the highway stones.

1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey i. 11 The coals carefully husbanded in the half empty grate, especially when my father was out on his parish duties.

1991 J. Trollope Rector's Wife viii. 110 Her mother was being relieved of all the most demeaning parish duties.

parish feast n.

ΚΠ

1706 E. Ward Hudibras Redivivus I. xii. 12 Such as Church-Ward'ns often wear, When they at Parish-Feasts appear.

1747 Scheme Equipping Men of War 13 The annual Expenses of the Entertainments.., Hall-Feasts,..Parish-Feasts, Vestry-Feasts, [etc.].

1995 Church Times 8 Dec. 20/3 We too find ourselves on an escalator of parish feasts, carol services, school concerts, [etc.].

† parish-knell n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1763 W. Woty Blossoms of Helicon 120 How dismal tolls the parish knell.

1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone II. xv. 204 The parish-knell, which begins when all is over.

parish living n.

ΚΠ

1722 D. Defoe Relig. Courtship i. iii. 91 I should have kept our Parish Living for him, and bred him a Parson.

1897 Dict. National Biogr. at Scot, David He obtained the parish living of Corstorphine, near Edinburgh, to which he was presented on 22 Aug. and ordained on 17 Nov. 1814.

1993 S. J. Brown & M. Fry Scotl. Age of Disruption 10 In October 1834, Robert Young, a probationer minister, was presented to the parish living by the patron, the earl of Kinnoull.

parish meeting n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of deliberative or legislative assembly > [noun] > meeting of a town, parish, ward, or county

wardmote1377

town meeting1636

parrock1660

parish meeting1665

county meeting1679

1665 P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 172 At Malpas at a parish-meeting..three mizes sess'd for y^e ensuing year.

1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 53 They..have a Vote in the Parish-meetings.

1894 Act 56 & 57 Vict. c. 73 §1 There shall be a parish meeting for every rural parish.

1996 Church Times 6 Sept. 3/4 An older rectory was sold off..according to Mark Hicks Beach, co-patron of the benefice and chairman of the parish meeting.

parish officer n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > constable > of a parish or tithing

tithingmanlOE

Petty Constable1472

tithemana1475

thirdborough?c1475

petty constable1574

parish officer1646

parish watcha1745

1646 H. Mill 2nd Pt. Nights Search i. sig. B5 Twas sure no Constable that's proud to weare The title of a Parish Officer.

1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 453 If a landlord distreins goods for rent, or a parish officer for taxes, these for a time are only a pledge in the hands of the distreinors.

1857 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (new ed.) 55 The position of principal Parish Officer, in which character the Constable was summoner, has long been filled by the churchwardens.

1991 Past & Present Aug. 48 Bristol, Stockland and Blagdon, Somerset, where the godly parish officers noted the administration of the sacrament at ‘christide’ and Easter.

parish parson n.

ΚΠ

1615 W. Goddard Neaste of Waspes sig. Cij^v Why pay't him then; thou knowst a barlie strawe Will make a parish parson goe to lawe.

1710 T. Dorrington Dissenters represented & condemn'd by Themselves iv. 322 Doth not Christ..account you to be related to the Parish Parson as your Pastor?

1822 W. Coombe Hist. Johnny Quæ Genus ii. 61 As the Parish Parson too, with a small form was quite askew.

1996 R. D. Brown Strength of a People 129 The lecturer did not electrify his crowd anymore than did the common parish parson.

parish poor n.

ΚΠ

1693 C. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires vii. 138 And shew his Tally for the dole of Bread, With which the Parish-Poor are daily fed [L. summula ne pereat qua uilis tessera uenitfrumenti].

1766 S. R. Scott Hist. Sir George Ellison I. ii. iii. 184 Persons..who from an unuseful, and no blamable pride, were unwilling to be ranked among the parish poor.

1890 Dict. National Biogr. at Hanway, Jonas He also worked indefatigably on behalf of the infant parish poor.

2003 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 7 St Mark's has been running various welfare missions to the parish poor since the late 19th century.

parish preacher n.

ΚΠ

a1593 J. Penry Hist. Corah et al. (1609) 16 They may every one of them send for any Parish-preacher in the land.

1685 T. Ellwood Rogero-Mastir 18 These Texts which I have here inserted, Have oft been misapply'd, and much perverted by Parish-Preachers.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 56. ⁋3 Nicolas de Boutheiller, Parish-Preacher of Sasseville.

1864 E. R. Charles Chrons. Schönberg-Cotta Family xiv. 219 I am desired to be daily parish preacher.

1999 U.S. Catholic (Nexis) 64 18 His required homily-evaluation program for parish preachers..and instructional ‘four minute teachings’..have resulted in higher-than-average Mass attendance.

parish pulpit n.

ΚΠ

1652 Mercurius Democritus No. 33 262 Why the Parishes Pulpit should not be as common as the Parish Pulpit?

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1652 (1955) III. 60 It being now a very rare thing to find a Priest of the Church of England in a Parish pulpet, most of them fill'd with Independents & Phanatics.

1768 R. Hill Pietas Oxoniensis (ed. 2) 35 The parish pulpit in that town.

1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. iv. 31 No man more sane in preaching the gospel of his Lord..ever got into a parish pulpit.

2001 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 20 Oct. c12 Mannion said he wants Texas bishops to be more forceful in having their public statements against capital punishment read in parish pulpits during Sunday Masses.

parish rate n.

ΚΠ

1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 71. 1065 Resolved by the Parliament..that the charges thereof be defrayed out of the Parish Rates.

1705 J. Bowack Antiq. Middlesex 44 The Parish rate for this was Two Hundred and Sixty Pounds.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. x. 170 It was enacted..that overseers of the poor.., with the churchwardens, should raise by a parish rate competent sums for this purpose.

1858 A. Trollope Three Clerks III. xiv. 259 Harry was..about to take his place as the squire of his parish,..to decide about..parish rates and other all-absorbing topics.

1992 J. Rule Albion's People 134 Farmers were inclined to discriminate in favour of married labourers, since they would otherwise have been a greater burden on the parish rate of which the farmers were the main payers.

parish steeple n.

ΚΠ

a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods 230 in Wks. (1640) III Though the Parish-steeple Be silent, to the people, Ring thou it Holy-day.

1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 78 Rallying round a parish steeple.

2003 Financial Times (Nexis) 14 June 2 The town's main claim to fame is that its church, St James, has the highest parish steeple in England.

parish vestry n.

ΚΠ

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 244 One hundred thousand Pounds a Week, which was distributed by the Church Wardens at the several Parish Vestries.

1892 Catholic World May 227 People spoke of reforming that august body much as they would speak of dismissing a fraudulent board of directors or enjoining a refractory parish vestry.

1993 F. Collymore RSVP to Mrs Bush-Hall 120 This was a great triumph for her, for Mr Hall was quite an important personality. He was a member of the parish vestry [etc.].

parish watch n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > constable > of a parish or tithing

tithingmanlOE

Petty Constable1472

tithemana1475

thirdborough?c1475

petty constable1574

parish officer1646

parish watcha1745

a1745 J. Swift Story Injured Lady (1746) 6 I must maintain a Parish watch against Thieves and Robbers.

1837 Times 9 Jan. 3/5 The mayor, recorder, and all the magistrates repaired to the spot, with the parish watch and policemen to afford assistance.

1992 P. Harding Nightingale Gallery (BNC) 174 No one would come forward to claim the body and Athelstan knew the parish watch would bury it like the decaying corpse of a dog.

b. With sense ‘for the service or use of the parish’.

parish doctor n.

ΚΠ

1773 J. Berridge Christian World Unmasked 26 Our parish doctor does not treat his patients in this rough manner.

1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xlviii. 548 There's no credit to be got through being jolly with you, Mr. Pinch, anyways... A parish doctor might be jolly with you.

1977 R. L. Wolff Gains & Losses viii. 425 The parish doctor is a rich man, a scientist.

parish mag n.

ΚΠ

a1966 M. Allingham Cargo of Eagles (1968) xii. 140 The vicar called to leave 'is compliments and a parish mag.

2002 Sun (Nexis) 5 Sept. Churchgoers also said Harry Brown siphoned collection box cash, misused the parish mag and fibbed in the pulpit.

parish magazine n.

ΚΠ

1859 G. H. Lewes Let. 6 Sept. in Geo. Eliot Lett. (1954) III. 146 To-day a letter has come from the editor of a ‘Parish Magazine’.

1993 Central Television News Scripts (BNC) An appeal in the parish magazine has raised three thousand pounds.

† parish mill n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > other types of mill

water corn mill1327

watermill1371

quern mill1590

water grist mill1636

tide-mill1640

parish mill1676

whin-mill1793

roller mill1828

saddle quern1867

walk-around1869

kibbler1882

1676 J. Worlidge Vinetum Britannicum 81 Carry your Fruit to a Parish-Mill.

1791 T. Townshend Poems 107 Alas! unturn'd the parish mill.

1830 J. F. Cooper Water Witch II. viii. 178 The stream that turns the parish mill happens to be muddy.

parish nurse n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > nurse > [noun] > other types

man-nurse1530

probationer nurse1584

parish nurse1716

day nurse1759

school nurse1836

Gamp1846

hospital nurse1848

pupil nurse1861

male nurse1874

district nurse1883

relief nurse1884

casualty nurse1885

bayman1888

maid nurse1895

charge-nurse1896

ward nurse1899

health visitor1901

practice nurse1912

community nurse1922

scrub nurse1927

theatre nurse1934

para-nurse1942

nurse practitioner1967

rehab nurse1977

1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. 345 Venerable Alms-women and experienc'd Parish-Nurses.

1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. xxiii. 242 That parish nurse had not attended to my directions.

2003 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 1 July A joint effort between health care providers and parish nurses to offer free medical screening, was added in Cold Spring in the last year.

parish pound n.

ΚΠ

1724 J. Swift Excellent New Song upon Archbishop of Dublin (single sheet) Driving all my Cows into the Parish Pound.

1807 S. W. H. Ireland Stultifera Navis liv. 236 In youth, 'twas no less necessary for him to fall in love with Mary, and pay to parish pounds for fun.

2001 Coventry Evening Telegraph (Nexis) 25 Sept. 5 Villagers can go ahead and restore two ancient parish pounds, thanks to a grant from Warwickshire County Council.

parish room n.

ΚΠ

1861 Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne II. ii. xiii. 153 One would think, rather than lie under the stigma and afford the parish room to talk, she'd marry the first man that came.

2003 Burnley Express (Nexis) 4 July The event, held in the parish room, raised an impressive 200 and attracted up to 25 people.

c. With sense ‘maintained or provided by the parish (sense 3a)’.

† parish boy n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > child

parish-child1663

parish boy1705

parish girl1715

yellowhammer1851

1705 W. Nicolson London Diaries 30 Dec. (1985) 343 The Trustees have from time to time taken in several parish-boys and Girls..and provided for their education and maintenance.

1850 Littell's Living Age 13 July 70/1 I showed the parish boys and girls the Fantoccini, the Chinese Shades, and Mr. Punch as well.

† parish-child n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > child

parish-child1663

parish boy1705

parish girl1715

yellowhammer1851

1663 S. Pepys Diary 20 Aug. (1971) IV. 282 A good likely girl and a parish-child of St. Brides, of honest parentage.

1785 J. Hanway Chimney Sweepers 123 It was the poverty and distress of parish-children which induced the legislature to reduce the value of the stamps.

1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist I. i. 7 He was badged and ticketed, and fell into his place at once—a parish child—the orphan of a workhouse.

parish coffin n.

ΚΠ

1820 C. R. Maturin Melmoth I. i. 36 Save my soul, and (whispering) make interest to get me a parish coffin,—I have not enough left to bury me.

1991 J. Litten Eng. Way of Death 86 The introduction of the reusable parish coffin in the sixteenth century signalled a marked improvement in the decoration on coffins supplied for the nobility.

† parish girl n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > child

parish-child1663

parish boy1705

parish girl1715

yellowhammer1851

1705 W. Nicolson London Diaries 30 Dec. (1985) 343 The Trustees have from time to time taken in several parish-boys and Girls..and provided for their education and maintenance.]

1715 J. Gay What d'ye call It Pref. sig. Avi The Ghost of the Embryo and the Parish-Girl are entire new Characters.

1849 J. Kenyon Day at Tivoli 104 What parish girl shall find employ To deck the bride?

parish relief n.

ΚΠ

1742 J. Higgs Guide to Justices 244 B.C. Overseer of your Poor, paid D.R. of your Parish Relief.

1816 J. Marcet Conv. Polit. Econ. (1861) x. 151 Parish relief thus became the very cause of the mischief which it professed to remedy.

1990 J. Halperin Novelists in their Youth ii. 61 Her family had been brought up as paupers on parish relief.

parish workhouse n.

ΚΠ

1736 E. Jones Luxury, Pride & Vanity (ed. 2) 16 Miserable Wretches, mew'd up in a Parish Workhouse.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 770 Who called her verse a parish workhouse, made For motely, foundling fancies.

1842 T. B. Macaulay Frederic the Great in Ess. (1865) ii. 246/1 Oliver Twist in the parish workhouse.

1993 ATA Mag.: Alberts Teachers' Assoc. Nov.–Dec. 36/2 Is a reintroduction of the parish workhouse next in Klein's cards?

d. With sense ‘characteristic of a parish, parochial’.

† parish jest n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1681 T. Otway Souldiers Fortune iv. 41 To be forced to concurr with his Non-sence too, and laugh at his Parish Jests.

parish wit n.

ΚΠ

1822 W. Combe Hist. Johnny Quæ Genus ii. 64 Th' Exciseman, a smart parish wit, thought he could make a funny hit.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 78 To him that fluster'd his poor parish wits.

1977 F. Shuffelton Thomas Hooker 131 (note) An anonymous parish wit protested Mr.Roberts' zeal in introducing in the name of conformity what seemed to be popish customs.

e. Instrumental.

† parish-pensioned adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1746 J. Lockman To 1st Promoter Cambrick & Tea-Bills 23 Bad tenants, and the ‘parish-pension'd band’.

parish-rated adj.

ΚΠ

1904 N.E.D. at Parish Parish-rated.

C2.

† parish blue n. Obsolete cloth formerly used to make clothes for paupers (cf. blue n. 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for clothing for specific people

shepherd's greyc1640

Negro cloth1653

parish blue1830

negro felt1847

nigger cloth1857

stuff1889

1830 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Jan. 160 A mark and a suit of parish blue.

parish book n. = parish register n. (b).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > parish register

parish book1594

church book1596

church register1606

parish register1653

vestry-book1773

1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. E3^v For proofe he was my childe, search the parish booke.

1656 J. Harrington Common-wealth of Oceana 211 The list of the Stratiots so elected being taken by the overseers shall be entred in the Parish Book, and diligently preserved as a record, called the first Esay.

1792 J. Richardson Fugitive iii. i. 33 The register can add nothing to the evidence of your face—which proclaims fifty as strongly as if it was in black and white in the parish books.

1892 Dict. National Biogr. XXXII. 406/1 From 1590 to 1609 he appeared in the parish books of St. Mary the Great, Cambridge, as paying 5s. a year for the rent of a shop.

2003 Official Kremlin Internat. News Broadcast (Nexis) 20 June In general it was interesting, this information was taken from the parish books, all my relatives had lived in the Tver gubernia beginning from the 17th century.

parish communion n. a communion service held in a parish for the benefit of all parishioners (as opposed to one held in a private chapel, etc.); (in modern use esp.) one held as the principal service of the day, esp. on a Sunday, at which most of the congregation take communion.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > parish

parish massa1400

parish communion1653

parish Eucharist1924

1653 W. Erbery Bishop of London 7 'Tis plain Theft and Robbery, not in the State, but in the Churches of Saints, to take away the peoples Common-Prayers, Parish-Communions, Christening of children, &c.

1731 J. Glas Second Let. to Mr. Aytone 14 This seems to me to arise from these Words of mine, touching your Application of 2 Tim. 3 ch. to them that separate from your Parish Communion.

1905 C. G. Lang Opportunity of Church of Eng. 185 It can never rightly have this place unless and until there is one great parish communion every Sunday in which the aspect of the fellowship of the Body can be realised.

1992 T. Portsmouth et al. In Tune with Heaven 111 The Parish Communion has almost universally become the main Sunday service.

parish Eucharist n. rare (a) = parish communion n.; (b) = parish mass n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > parish

parish massa1400

parish communion1653

parish Eucharist1924

1924 Times 18 July 10/3 I would..rather long for a parish Eucharist at, say, 9 o'clock.

1992 T. Portsmouth et al. In Tune with Heaven 183 In most places, and particularly in the parish Eucharist, the congregation ought to be enabled to sing more than hymns.

parish house n. (a) a house owned by a parish, esp. the house used to accommodate the minister or clergy; †(b) a house for the parish poor (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > institutional homes > [noun] > for the poor, infirm, etc. > workhouse

working-house1597

workhouse1631

house of industry1679

spin-house1702

parish house1709

poorhouse1727

poorshouse1732

house?1825

union workhouse1830

union house1835

pauper asylum1837

great house1838

union1839

big house1851

spiniken1859

spike1866

lump1874

1709 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 109 Ye pars house Consisting of an Insett house with their Romes vis a hall a kiching, a litell parlour & panterie over ye seler with Chameres over them all.

1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers viii. 415 The Parish House hath been a Temple for Idols.

1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 100 In every parish house..the poor are supplied with food, cloths, fire, and a bed to lie on.

1892 Catholic World May 244 The old priest occupied, of course, the parish house adjoining, and it never occurred to his mind that it would be necessary to hand over either church or rectory to the new bishop.

2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 May 79/1 He had made a statement before the trial began that he'd encountered EMP Specialist Obdulio Villanueva..in front of the San Sebastián parish house.

parish kirk n. = parish church n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > principal place of worship > [noun]

minsterOE

architemple1297

cathedral church1297

High Churchc1325

seec1325

mother churcha1387

parish churcha1387

High Kirk1422

see churchc1449

duomo1549

basilica1563

parish kirk1563

cathedral1587

dome1691

basilic1703

dom1861

domchurch1864

1563 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 248 The parochinaris of the paroche kirk within this realm.

1665 in W. Macgill Old Ross-shire & Scotl. (1909) I. 39 For building and repairing off the parische kirk of Taine and kirkyeard.

1792 J. Martin Inq. State Legal & Judicial Polity Scotl. i. xi. 114 The same precept of warning to be read in the parish kirk.

1894 ‘I. Maclaren’ Lachlan Campbell in Beside Bonnie Brier Bush iii. 145 Away on the right the Parish Kirk peeped out from a clump of trees.

2003 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 7 Aug. 6 The parish kirk at Old Deer was yesterday covered with scaffolding as roofers set to work on its leaking spire.

parish lands n. property belonging to a parish, and administered by the churchwardens.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > other > [noun] > landed property belonging to parish

parish landsa1635

a1635 ‘T. Randolph’ in Ann. Dubrensia (1636) sig. C3 They looke like yonder man of wood that stands To bound the limits of the Parish lands.

1752 S. Brewster Collectanea Ecclesiastica 237 Church-Lands that do remain are become (forthe most Part) Parish Lands.

1896 F. Pollock Land Laws ii. 40 Sometimes these parish lands are within the modern boundaries, but by no means always.

1991 European Reformation 392 Since the new pastors were expected to raise and feed families, and to devote time to reading and preparing sermons, they could no longer be expected to eke out a living from tithes and part-time farming their parish lands.

parish lantern n. English regional (chiefly midlands) and slang the moon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > moon > [noun]

moonOE

Diana1398

Hecatec1420

lady of the night1480

luna?1499

Lucina?1504

Phoebe1600

queen of the night?1610

mother of months1613

noctiluca1623

Cynthia1645

Oliver?1747

star-queen1818

Paddy's lantern1834

parish lantern1847

night-sun1855

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Parish-lantern, the moon.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 95 Parish lantern, the moon.

1887 J. Ashton 18th Cent. Waifs 235 (note) The link-boy's natural hatred of ‘the Parish Lantern’, which would deprive him of his livelihood.

1990 Manch. Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 4 Nov. 22 Some of the words were new to me—I believe they were Devonshire rather than Wiltshire—but I was familiar with the Parish Lantern, the Moon.

parish mass n. [compare post-classical Latin missa parochialis (from 13th cent. in British sources)] a mass celebrated, esp. on a Sunday, in a parish church; (also) = parish communion n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > parish

parish massa1400

parish communion1653

parish Eucharist1924

a1400 Ancrene Riwle (Pepys) (1976) 8 Þe seuen psalmes seiþ..wiþ þe Letany..whan þe preestes done parisch Messe.

1693 T. Rymer Short View Trag. sig. E3^v On Holy-days, from eight or nine a Clock a-mornings, the People left their Parish-Mass, Sermon, and Vespers, to take their place at the Play-house.

1763 Divine Office for Use of Laity I. p. vi The prayers, publications, and familiar instructions used at the Parish-Mass, on Sundays.

1866 Catholic World May 193/2 It was a short visit made to ascertain if his invalid friend could say mass for him the next morning at a later hour than usual—the hour for the parish mass, in fact.

2003 Grimsby Evening Telegraph (Nexis) 31 May Bishop Keith Newton will be celebrant and preacher at a confirmation and parish mass to mark Pentecost at St Augustine's on Sunday.

parish register n. †(a) the registrar of a parish (obsolete); (b) a book recording the christenings, marriages, and burials taking place in a parish church.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > laity > lay functionaries > registrar > [noun]

parish register1653

society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > parish register

parish book1594

church book1596

church register1606

parish register1653

vestry-book1773

1653 Acts & Ordin. Parl. (Scobell) c. 6. 237 Some able and honest person..to have the Keeping of the said Book [sc. a Register of Marriages, Births, and Burials], and the person so elected, approved and sworn, shall be called the Parish-Register.

1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 93 The Parish-Register is a Parchment Book, in which all the Christnings, Marriages, and Burials of the Parish are Recorded. This was first ordered by the Lord Vicegerent Cromwell,..1538.

1822 Ld. Byron Let. 19 Dec. (1980) X. 63 I suspect that temperance is a more effective medicine at twenty than at thirty... Oh Parish Register!—Oh Peerage why?—Record those years that I would fain deny?

1987 D. Hey Family Hist. & Local Hist. in Eng. 104 The Sedgley parish registers..demonstrate the continuity of family involvement in scythemaking, lockmaking and nailing.

parish rig n. Nautical slang (a) a poorly equipped ship or ill-clothed sailor; (b) a poor outfit of clothes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > one who is poorly or shabbily dressed

dowdc1330

dowdy1581

dud1871

tat1936

parish rig1937

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [noun] > poorly constructed

parish rig1937

1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 606/1 Parish-rig, a poorly found ship or an ill-clothed man.

1958 J. G. R. Bisset Sail Ho! 36 These men [sc. pierhead jumpers] usually had nothing except the clothes they stood up in—known as a ‘parish rig’.

parish rigged adj. Nautical slang poorly or cheaply equipped or clothed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > poorly or insufficiently dressed

single1380

narrow clotheda1450

misdight1597

underclad1622

underclothed1890

parish rigged1899

kitless1936

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > poorly built and equipped

parish rigged1899

1899 F. T. Bullen Log of Sea-waif 163 She was what sailors call ‘parish rigged’, meaning that all her gear was of the cheapest.

1933 P. A. Eaddy Hull Down 135 A couple of the new hands who had been shipped just before we left Portland had come aboard pretty well ‘parish rigged’, to use an old sailor term for a man going to sea short of clothes.

1968 L. Morton Long Wake i. 15 I joined Beeswing in what in those days was called ‘Parish rigged’ [sic], in other words with little or no kit.

parish school n. a school serving or supported by a parish; spec. = parochial school n. at parochial adj. and n. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > church school

parish school1711

church school1714

parochial school1714

schola cantorum1728

choir school1873

Sacred Heart1883

1711 Brief Acct. Joseph Keble 1 His first Rudiments of Literature he received at the Parish School of St. Andrews Holbourn.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. i. 370 In Scotland the establishment of such parish schools has taught almost the whole common people to read.

1814 W. Tennant Anster Fair (ed. 2) ii. xix. 44 That day the doors of parish-school were shut.

1875 G. MacDonald Malcolm I. vii. 67 A cottage rather larger than the rest, which stood close by the churchyard gate. It was the parish school.

2003 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 13 July 18 The tree was presented by Deacon Pete Faler and Robert Kiefer, principal of the parish school.

parish schoolmaster n. a schoolmaster in a parish school; spec. = parochial schoolmaster n. at parochial adj. and n. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1703 W. Freke Divine Gram. iii. 75 My Son's Parish School-master.

1749 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. liv. 333 One Thompson, about five miles distant the other way, but he is a parish schoolmaster, poor, and about seventy.

1863 J. Hamilton Addr. Mr John Fairlie in Poems 130 Recited at a Jubilee Supper given on the completion of his Fiftieth Year as Parish Schoolmaster in the Parish of Fenwick, Ayrshire.

1993 S. J. Brown & M. Fry Scotl. in Age Disruption 126 Gibb seems to play into her hands—..building a voluntary ‘venture school’ in opposition to the Moderate parish schoolmaster.

† parish shell n. Obsolete = parish coffin n. at Compounds 1c.

ΚΠ

1799 R. Southey Eng. Eclogues in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 45 To slave while there is strength, in age the workhouse, A parish shell at last.

1879 R. Browning Halbert & Hob 24 Save the sexton the charge of a parish shell.

1885 Times 15 Dec. 5/6 The deceased, who had been lying in a decomposed state in a common parish shell.

† parish-top n. Obsolete a large spinning top, kept for the amusement of parishioners, which two players or parties whipped in opposite directions; cf. town-top n. at town n. Compounds 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > top > [noun] > whipping-top > for public use

parish-topa1616

town-top?1617

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iii. 40 A Coward and a Coystrill that will not drinke to my Neece. till his braines turne o'th toe, like a parish top .

1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret ii. i. sig. E2 A boy of twelue Should scourge him hither like a parish top, And make him dance before you.

1838–43 C. Knight Pict. Ed. Wks. Shakspere. Twelfth Night i. iii. (note) The town-top and the parish-top were one and the same. The custom..existed in the time of Elizabeth, and probably long before, of a large top being provided for the amusement of the peasants in frosty weather.

parish work n. the work or duty of attending to the poor and sick of a parish; pastoral work in a parish.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > good works > [noun] > works of mercy > specific

charity1154

parish work1856

1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. iii. 24 The incumbent, Mr. Ramsden, had small means, and was not a high stamp of Clergyman, seldom exerting himself, and leaving most of his parish work to the two under masters of the school.

1873 Mrs. H. Wood in Argosy 16 133 Parish work is not to everyone's taste.

1911 W. Owen Let. 18 June (1967) 75 To become the ‘assistant’ of some hard-worked or studiously inclined parson, helping in parish work, correspondence etc.

1991 Action 156 The conference..brought together some 20 people..whose fields of expertise ranged from parish work to professional journalism.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	parish
释义	parishn. Brit. /ˈparɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈpɛrɪʃ/ Forms: Middle English parach, Middle English parache, Middle English parashe, Middle English parche, Middle English parehce, Middle English paresch, Middle English paresche, Middle English paress, Middle English paressh, Middle English parich, Middle English pariȝs, Middle English pariȝsch, Middle English parische, Middle English parissche, Middle English parisse, Middle English paroish, Middle English paros, Middle English parosche, Middle English parosse, Middle English parossh, Middle English parosshe, Middle English parrach, Middle English parrasch, Middle English parrausch, Middle English parresche, Middle English parrische, Middle English parrych, Middle English parrysshe, Middle English parsche, Middle English parshe, Middle English parshȝ, Middle English parych, Middle English parysche, Middle English parysse, Middle English paryssh, Middle English parysshe, Middle English peresche, Middle English perissch, Middle English perisshe, Middle English persche, Middle English–1500s parasche, Middle English–1500s pares, Middle English–1500s paresshe, Middle English–1500s pariche, Middle English–1500s parisch, Middle English–1500s parissh, Middle English–1500s paroche, Middle English–1500s paryche, Middle English–1500s parys, Middle English–1500s parysch, Middle English–1500s parysh, Middle English–1500s paryshe, Middle English–1600s parishe, Middle English–1600s parisshe, Middle English–1600s paroch, Middle English– parish, 1500s parasshe, 1500s pareche, 1500s parriche, 1500s peroche, 1500s–1600s parrishe, 1600s paresh, 1600s parrish, 1600s pirsh, 1700s pars, 1900s– perish (Irish English (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 pareis, pre-1700 pareoch, pre-1700 pariche, pre-1700 parioche, pre-1700 pariosh, pre-1700 paris, pre-1700 parisch, pre-1700 parische, pre-1700 parise, pre-1700 parochy, pre-1700 parriche, pre-1700 parrisch, pre-1700 parrische, pre-1700 parroch, pre-1700 parroche, pre-1700 parrochie, pre-1700 parysch, pre-1700 paryst, pre-1700 perrioche, pre-1700 perroch, pre-1700 perroche, pre-1700 perysch, pre-1700 1700s parioch, pre-1700 1700s paroch, pre-1700 1700s paroche, pre-1700 1700s– parish, pre-1700 1700s– paroys, pre-1700 1700s– perish, 1800s paeriss, 1800s parieshe, 1800s peris, 1800s perris, 1800s perrish, 1800s– pairis, 1800s– pairish. N.E.D. (1904) also records forms Middle English parise, Middle English proche. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French paroche, parosse. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman paroche, parosce, parosche, parose, parosse, paroch, parache, paroisse, parochie, etc., and Old French parosse, parroce, paroesse, Old French, Middle French paroisse, (especially northern and eastern) paroche, parroche, perroche, parrochie, etc. (French paroisse ) ecclesiastical parish (11th cent.), parish church (12th cent.), rural district (1283), the inhabitants of an ecclesiastical parish (1636) < post-classical Latin parochia (also in forms parrocia (6th cent.), parocia (7th cent.)) province, diocese (late 4th cent.; from 5th cent. in British sources), parish church (6th cent.), district of a parish church, parish (frequently from 8th cent. in British and continental sources), people of a parish (from late 12th cent. in British sources), an alteration (see below) of paroecia province, diocese (late 4th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek παροικία sojourn, community of sojourners, in Christian use, the charge of a bishop, a diocese, later the charge of a presbyter, a parish (see below) < ancient Greek πάροικος dwelling beside or near, neighbouring, a neighbour, in Hellenistic Greek dwelling temporarily or sojourning in a foreign land, a sojourner (Septuagint, New Testament, and Christian writers; < παρα- para- prefix¹ + οἶκος house, dwelling: see oecist n.) + -ία -ia suffix¹.Hellenistic Greek παροικία denoted originally ‘sojourn in a foreign land’ (Septuagint), ‘community of sojourners’, with reference to the Jewish people in a foreign land (1st cent. b.c.), and with reference to earthly life as a temporary abode (1st cent. a.d., also New Testament: 1 Peter 1:17; compare corresponding use of πάροικοι (plural), 1 Peter 2:11), hence ‘Christian community’ (3rd cent.), ‘diocese’ (3rd cent.), ‘parish’ (4th cent.). Compare also Hellenistic Greek παροικεῖν to dwell beside, to sojourn in (New Testament), also with reference to earthly life as a temporary sojourn. Post-classical Latin parochia shows alteration of paroecia after classical Latin parochus a local administrator in the Roman provinces who supplied public officials with shelter, fuel, etc., when they came into his district ( < Hellenistic Greek πάροχος ). The word occurs early in Anglo-Norman in the Laws of William I:c1150 Laws of William I in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 492 E de mere iglise de parosse [1623 paroisse] xx souz, e de chapele x souz. It has not been found in English, however, before c1300. Although the parochial system was more or less developed in many (perhaps most) parts of England before the year 1000, there is no word formed from parochia , nor any directly answering to it, in Old English; the nearest equivalents being scriftscīr ( < shrift n. + shire n.), frequently in the works of Wulfstan (often translating Latin parochia ), prēostscīr ( < priest n. + shire n.), attested once in the Old English translation of Theodulf of Orleans Capitula (translating Latin parochia ), and mæsseprēostscīr ( < mass-priest n. + shire n.), also attested once in the same work (again translating Latin parochia ); Old English hīernes area of authority (specifically cirican hīernes ; < the same Germanic base as hear v. + -ness suffix) is also occasionally attested in sense ‘parish’. None of these examples is attested earlier than the 11th cent. 1. The body of people who attend a particular church; the inhabitants of a parish (sense 2a). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > laity > congregation > [noun] lathingc897 church folka1200 parishc1300 congregation1526 meeting1593 assemblya1616 society1738 pew1882 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > inhabitant of a district or parish > [noun] > collectively shirea1122 parishc1300 sidec1325 commona1382 community1426 township1443 vicinage1647 county1651 countryside1669 sucken1872 society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > parish priest > jurisdiction of or parish priestshireOE church-sokenOE parishc1300 parishenc1400 parishingc1450 cure1480 charge1530 paroece1564 parochrie1581 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1845 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 159 (MED) Ech preost somonede is paroche [c1300 Harl. parosche; a1325 Corpus Cambr. parissens]. c1330 in T. Wright Polit. Songs Eng. (1839) 328 (MED) And thus shal al the parish for lac of lore spille. a1450 Form Excommun. (Claud.) in E. Peacock Myrc's Instr. Parish Priests (1902) 60 (MED) Þe grete sentens..foure tymes in þe ȝere Þou schalte pronownce with-owtyn lette, Whan þe parich is togydur mette. a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 418 (MED) Þey harmen hem silf & þer pariȝs & oþer pupple þat is aboute hem. ?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 356 Sic preist, sic pariche: what suld mair? 1680 R. Baxter Answer to Dr. Stillingfleet xxxiv. 54 Not the..Tenth Part of the Parish can come to Hear him in the Church. 1753 T. Gray Long Story in Six Poems 17 By this time all the Parish know it. 1806 S. Cassan Poems 62 The story you told, all the parish agree, Would just suit Mrs. Chatterbox, over her tea. 1875 H. Jerson Lamson's Church First Three Cent. vii. ii. 308 The term ‘parish’ is applied in America to congregations, considered as the minister's ‘cure of souls’ without the reference to local limits with which in England it is associated. 1936 W. Raymond Love & Quiet Life 258 They..went running down the street. The parish, soon apprised that excitement was afoot, came out of door. 1989 L. Clarke Chymical Wedding 192 If you skate with the same passion as you preach I dare say you will have the whole parish at your feet. 2. a. Originally: a relatively large area (resembling a modern diocese) incorporating a township or cluster of townships under the control of a minster (chiefly historical). Subsequently: an area or district having its own priest, parson, or other incumbent under the jurisdiction of a bishop (to whom tithes and ecclesiastical dues were formally paid); a territorial subdivision of a diocese.In the 7th and 8th centuries the area regarded by modern historians as the parish was a large minster parochia, in which the secular clergy of the minster provided pastoral care to a large surrounding area. Within this pattern there gradually emerged in the 9th and 10th centuries numbers of small local churches. Very many of these were of private character, in that they were created and owned by major landowners and were not initially tied into a strict ecclesiastical hierarchy. They became increasingly permanent in identity, a transition signalled by the rebuilding in stone of significant numbers of local churches in the period around 1050–1150. Thus by the 12th cent. the old minster system was breaking up.By the 13th cent. the Church had asserted its control over this new pattern, and the parish becomes defined in terms of geographical boundaries and its place in the ecclesiastical hierarchy.The modern sense includes the ancient parochial chapelries (sometimes chapels of ease), which fulfilled the function of local pastoral care typically associated with the parish and parish church in England, but which were jurisdictionally subsidiary to the mother church of the parish (see chapel n. 3b and see chapelry n. 1). Such chapelries are a feature of areas of dispersed rather than nucleated settlement and often of regions with relatively low intensity of manorial control. Thus they occur in northern and upland areas. Chapelries often, at the time of the rationalization by the Church of parochial boundaries in the 19th cent., gained independent parish status. In Scotland, a parish with both ecclesiastical and civil functions (the latter now restricted) is called a parish quoad omnia. The Church of Scotland may create a new parish for ecclesiastical purposes within a parish quoad omnia, known as a parish quoad sacra. In England, the original parish when retained for civil purposes, although subdivided for ecclesiastical purposes, is usually distinguished as a civil parish; the equivalent in Scotland, known as a parish quoad civilia, ceased to be a unit of local government in 1929. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > administrative divisions in Britain > parish parisha1325 out-parish1577 a1325 St. Bridget (Corpus Cambr.) 102 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 41 (MED) Þer is ȝute a churche of sein Bride, And a gret parisse in hure name þat lasteþ longe & wide. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 42 Symonye..is ine ham þet be yefþes oþer be behotinges oþer be biddinges dreduolle oþer be seuise naȝt clene yeueþ þe prouendres and þe parosses oþer oþre benefices of holy cherche. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 89 Denys..to deled parisches [v.rr. parsches, paryshes, ?a1475 anon. tr. paresches; L. parochias] and chirche hawes and assigned to everich a preost. 1387 Will in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 209 Y be-quethe x s. to the most nedful men & women þat ben in the parche of our lady of abberchirch. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 29501 (MED) If þou did a sin Anoþer preistes paroch in, Þat preist thoru resun o þi plight Mai curs þe þan. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 384 Paros, or parysche [?a1475 Winch. parych], parochia. 1464 Rolls of Parl. V. 542/1 Provided..that this..nor eny othir Acte..be prejudiciall..to..a Graunte..of alle the Landis..in the paroche of Cleobury. c1533 T. Cranmer Let. 26 Nov. in Remains (1833) I. 73 My friend..was born in the same paroche. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xx. 132 Nocht ane boroustone nor landuard paris vitht in the realme. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. E^v A heardsmans daughter of the same parish. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxiv. 220 Otherwise Palestine was a great Parish, and some therein had an hundred miles to Church. 1681 in London Gaz. No. 1649/2 The Ministers of each Paroch. 1742 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 42 240 John Ferguison, a Native of the Paroch of Killmellfoord in the Shire of Argyle. 1758 S. Johnson Idler 4 Nov. 241 I am going to settle in my native parish. 1817 J. Jebb Let. 28 Feb. in J. Jebb & A. Knox Thirty Years' Corr. (1834) II. 314 Observe, that our Roman catholic, and church of England parishes, are not exactly conterminous. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. i. 170 Parishes are frequently intermixed with one another. This seems to have arisen from the lord of the manor having had a parcel of land detached from the main part of his estate, but not sufficient to form a parish of itself. 1885 C. I. Elton in Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 296/1 Under the powers given by the Church Building Acts, many populous parishes have been subdivided into smaller ecclesiastical parishes. 1889 Local Govt. (Scotland) Act 52 & 53 Vict. c. 50 §105 The expression ‘parish’ means a parish quoad civilia for which a separate parochial board is or can be appointed. 1905 T. Burns Benefice Lect. 71 There is this peculiarity about the stipends of the typical country parish that they do not depend on the financial prosperity or liberality of the congregation, as is the case in quoad sacra parishes. 1949 U. Pope-Hennessy Canon Charles Kingsley 19 Both husband and wife took their duties very seriously and set themselves to organise the parish by districts and form classes and committees to carry out the activities they planned. 1982 S. Radley Talent for Destruction x. 70 Trendiness doesn't do in a parish like Breckham Market. †b. As many people as would fill a parish. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount felec825 muchc1230 good wone1297 plentyc1300 bushelc1374 sight1390 mickle-whata1393 forcea1400 manynessa1400 multitudea1400 packc1400 a good dealc1430 greata1450 sackful1484 power1489 horseloadc1500 mile1508 lump1523 a deal?1532 peckc1535 heapa1547 mass1566 mass1569 gallon1575 armful1579 cart-load1587 mickle1599 bushelful1600–12 a load1609 wreck1612 parisha1616 herd1618 fair share1650 heapa1661 muchness1674 reams1681 hantle1693 mort1694 doll?1719 lift1755 acre1759 beaucoup1760 ton1770 boxload1795 boatload1807 lot1811 dollop1819 swag1819 faggald1824 screed1826 Niagara1828 wad1828 lashings1829 butt1831 slew1839 ocean1840 any amount (of)1848 rake1851 slather1857 horde1860 torrent1864 sheaf1865 oodlesa1867 dead load1869 scad1869 stack1870 jorum1872 a heap sight1874 firlot1883 oodlings1886 chunka1889 whips1888 God's quantity1895 streetful1901 bag1917 fid1920 fleetful1923 mob1927 bucketload1930 pisspot1944 shitload1954 megaton1957 mob-o-ton1975 gazillion1978 buttload1988 shit ton1991 a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 169 Il'd let a parish of such Clotens blood. c. An ecclesiastical area equivalent to a parish in a non-English-speaking country. ΚΠ 1839 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 432/1 There are in Rome 54 parishes and 300 churches. 1880 E. Hatch in W. Smith & S. Cheetham Dict. Christian Antiq. II. 1560/1 In Gaul and Spain a single presbyter or a single deacon was sometimes put in charge of a parish. That a deacon might be ‘rector’ of a parish is clear from many instances, e.g. Conc. Illib. c. 77. 1989 Holiday Which? Sept. 186/1 Salizada: formerly the principal street of a parish [in Italy]. d. In extended use: any sphere of action or responsibility. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > business claiming attention > an occupation or affair > affairs > sphere of activity fieldOE limitationc1405 hemisphere?1504 ambitudea1525 world1580 orb1598 spherea1616 ambit1649 scene1737 orblet1841 front1917 parish1940 ballpark1963 shtick1965 1940 W. H. Auden Another Time 52 The ape Is really at home in the parish Of grimacing and licking. 1951 Times 1 Jan. 7/6 Covering the whole of the F.E.A.F. [sc. Far East Air Force] area,..two impressions stand out..the vastness of its ‘parish’ and of its commitments..and the slenderness of the aircraft resources at its disposal. 1977 D. Beaty Excellency ii. 25 From British Embassies and High Commissions all over the world came messages reporting reactions of their parishes to the recent events. 2000 Evening Post (Nottingham) (Nexis) 22 Nov. 15 I did not know the situation for county councils. That is not my parish. 3. a. A division or department of a county or other area, sometimes identical with an ecclesiastical parish but sometimes having quite different limits, constituted for various purposes of local government and civil administration, originally esp. for the administration of the Poor Law; (in England) the smallest unit of local government in many rural areas; (in some former British Colonies) a local division used for civil purposes, frequently as an electoral district; a civil parish.The existing ecclesiastical parishes were adopted by the Tudor state for civil purposes in a series of legislative measures beginning in the 1530s. These involved the parish having local responsibility for vital registration, highways, militia matters, and, above all, poor relief, roles which were largely retained until the 1830s. Parish councils and parish meetings were established by an Act of 1894. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in U.S.A. hundred1621 town1631 squadron1636 county1662 precinct1713 parish1772 back county1775 district1792 metropolitan district1817 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > for administration of poor-law union1830 civil parish1835 parish1847 1601 Act 43 Eliz. c. 2 Ouerseers of the Poore of the same Parish. 1641 in E. D. Neill Virginia Carolorum 165 Resolved, That the county of Upper Norfolk be divided into three distinct parishes. 1687 Proclam. Jas. II 25 Nov. (heading) For restraining the Number and Abuses of Hackney Coaches in and about the Cities of London and Westminster, and the Suburbs thereof, and Parishes comprised within the Bills of Mortality. 1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iv. 9 Besides this Division into Counties, and Parishes, there are two other sub-divisions. 1734 J. Vanderlint Money answers All Things 12 Cheap as Corn is, the Number of Poor, as most Parishes find, is greatly encreased of late Years. 1772 Amherst (Mass.) Rec. (1884) 60/1 The Vote taken respecting the Dividing of the District into two Districts or parishes was past in the Negative. 1847 J. R. McCulloch Descr. & Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire (ed. 3) II. v. viii. 653 The selection of the ‘parish’ as the territorial division likely to prove the most convenient for the purposes of poor-law administration, was, no doubt, fully justified by the circumstances of the country in Queen Elizabeth's reign. 1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 296/2 Burial Acts Parish, the Burial Acts from 1852 to 1875 deal with areas which are treated as parishes for the purposes of those Acts. 1893 Daily News 22 Mar. 4/6 There are..civil parishes and ecclesiastical parishes, which do not exactly coincide either in number or in extent. 1958 Encycl. Canada VII. 289/1 Each of the 15 counties is organized as a municipality; the unit of representation in the county councils is the parish. 1963 S. H. Steinberg New Dict. Brit. Hist. 259/2 [The] Civil Parish originated when Tudor poor law and highway legislation made the p[arish] a unit of local government under Justices of the Peace. Since the 16th century the boundaries of C[ivil] P[arish] and ecclesiastical p[arish] have diverged. 1991 J. Kingdon Local Govt. & Polit. in Brit. v. 70 The possible divisions and subdivisions can stretch almost to infinity, producing a hierarchy including province, region, county, district, parish, community, even a group of houses in a street. b. U.S. In Louisiana: any of the territorial divisions corresponding to a county in other states.Such parishes were sometimes ecclesiastical in origin but often constituted solely for purposes of civil administration. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in U.S.A. > in Louisiana parish1839 1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 174/1 For political and civil purposes Louisiana is divided into thirty-one parishes. 1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 639 In the parish of Opelousas (parish, in Louisiana, is equivalent to county) there were many. 1900 Congress. Rec. 5 Feb. 1498/1 The subdivisions of my State instead of being called counties are called parishes. 1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 May 19/3 Long left his Senate seat vacant for more than a year..until the 1932 Louisiana elections, when a distinguished-looking toady from Winn Parish..became governor. †4. Church History. A district under the spiritual charge of a bishop; a diocese. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > bishop > [noun] > see of bishopricc890 shirec893 richeOE bishopstoolc1065 siege1297 bishop-see1330 diocesec1330 seata1387 see?a1400 eveschiec1475 bishopwick1570 chair1615 parish1709 episcopate1807 1709 J. Johnson Clergy-man's Vade Mecum: Pt. II 10 Let not a Bishop be allowed to leave his own parish, and leap into another. 1898 A. Jessopp in 19th Cent. Jan. 50 Parish indicated originally the geographical area over which the jurisdiction of a bishop extended. 5. Curling. = house n.¹ 12b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > curling > [noun] > area of ice > space round mark cockee1789 parish1872 house1883 1872 Royal Caled. Curling Club Ann. 286 Others putting on too much ‘pouther’, and sending their stones out of the ‘parish’. 1893–4 Royal Caled. Curling Club Ann. 104 (E.D.D.) He has plenty of running to win into the parish. 1914 J. G. Grant Compl. Curler ii. vii. 91 The space within the 7-foot ring is colloquially known as the ‘house’.., or sometimes ‘parish’. Phrases on (also upon) the parish: (originally) receiving parish relief (now historical); (hence) destitute, dependent on charity or state support. Esp. in to go (also come, fall, be sent, etc.) on the parish. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > be poor [verb (intransitive)] > receive poor relief to live on the alms-basket1598 to go (also come, fall, be sent, etc.) on the parisha1637 to take collection1670 to come (also go, fall, be flung, etc.) upon the town1836 the mind > possession > poverty > in impoverished state [phrase] > in receipt of relief on (also upon) the parisha1637 in collection1702 upon (also on) the town1783 a1637 N. Ferrar Story Bks. Little Gidding (1899) 219 That a Father should leave his children on the Parish through..unthriftines. 1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 150 Consider that Bank-Granaries..will be the occasion of taking infinite poor people off the Parish, and prevent others falling upon the Parish. 1692 King James II in C. Petrie Jacobite Movement (1932) App. 296 Leaving their Children on the parish. 1731 Flying Post 12 Aug. 2/2 His Mother, who was maintain'd by his Labour, being come upon the Parish, is sent to the Work-house at Wandsworth. 1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 218 His parents, honest and fail'd mechanicks, had, by the best traces he could get of them, left him an infant orphan on the parish. 1830 Examiner 803/2 He shall either go upon the parish or starve. 1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner i. 9 It was in the nature of a stroke to partly take away the use of a man's limbs and throw him on the parish, if he'd got no children to look to. 1890 F. W. Robinson Very Strange Family 6 The boy will certainly be sent to the parish, if you don't pay for him. 1990 Observer 27 May 8/7 A rescue scheme to keep mortgage defaulters from ‘going on the parish’ will be launched during National Housing Week. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. With sense ‘of, belonging to, or relating to a parish’. † parish altar n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1481 in W. Chambers Charters Burgh Peebles (1872) 188 Chaplanis and serwandis at the paroche alter in Sant Andros kyrk, as pleban and curat of the parochanaris. parish bell n. ΚΠ 1728 E. Young Universal Passion: Satire VI 3 Satan himself will toll the parish bell. 1773 C. Dibdin Deserter i. ii. 5 The parish-bell may toll, Gra'mercy on my soul! Ding dong! Swing swong! 1888 W. Raymond Misterton's Mistake viii As if Wycherney volk had nothing..to do but to listen to hear the parish bell ting-tangey. 2003 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Nexis) 6 Apr. f 1 The first Parish bell tolled 79 times, once for each year of his life. parish bounds n. ΚΠ 1641 G. Wither Haleluiah ii. xxiii. 275 We are heedfull to observe, The certaine Limits, of our Grounds; And (Outward-Quiet to preserve) Walk, yeerly, round our Parish-Bounds. 1762 Life, Trav., & Adventures Christopher Wagstaff I. xix. 92 Tis zame woman having never avore been above..a quoit's cast out of her parish bounds. 1861 J. Brent in Archaeologia Cantiana 4 36 Approaching St. George's parish-bounds. 1981 Dict. National Biogr. 1961–70 558/1 There he came into contact with many movements, interests, and people normally beyond parish bounds. parish constable n. ΚΠ 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 85^v Neither can the parish Constables well brooke the same, because it submitteth them to a subalterne commaund. 1751 J. G. Appeal to Facts 49 Directions for that Constable to deliver them to the next Parish Constable. 1872 Act 35 & 36 Vict. c. 92 The establishment of an efficient police in the counties of England and Wales has rendered the general appointment of parish constables unnecessary. 1993 Guardian 23 Nov. i. 4/7 Twenty new pilot schemes for ‘parish wardens’ or parish constables, some with powers of arrest, will be in place by the end of the year. † parish-drudge n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 580 A simple and obscure parish-drudge, to whom no one pays any manner of attention. † parish dungeon n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1681 T. Otway Souldiers Fortune v. i. 69 Ye night Toads of the Parish Dungeon. parish duty n. ΚΠ 1665 J. Wilson Projectors ii. i. 18 He is exempt from rates, and Parish-duties. 1798 R. Southey Old Mansion-House i Old friend! why you seem bent on parish duty, Breaking the highway stones. 1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey i. 11 The coals carefully husbanded in the half empty grate, especially when my father was out on his parish duties. 1991 J. Trollope Rector's Wife viii. 110 Her mother was being relieved of all the most demeaning parish duties. parish feast n. ΚΠ 1706 E. Ward Hudibras Redivivus I. xii. 12 Such as Church-Ward'ns often wear, When they at Parish-Feasts appear. 1747 Scheme Equipping Men of War 13 The annual Expenses of the Entertainments.., Hall-Feasts,..Parish-Feasts, Vestry-Feasts, [etc.]. 1995 Church Times 8 Dec. 20/3 We too find ourselves on an escalator of parish feasts, carol services, school concerts, [etc.]. † parish-knell n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1763 W. Woty Blossoms of Helicon 120 How dismal tolls the parish knell. 1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone II. xv. 204 The parish-knell, which begins when all is over. parish living n. ΚΠ 1722 D. Defoe Relig. Courtship i. iii. 91 I should have kept our Parish Living for him, and bred him a Parson. 1897 Dict. National Biogr. at Scot, David He obtained the parish living of Corstorphine, near Edinburgh, to which he was presented on 22 Aug. and ordained on 17 Nov. 1814. 1993 S. J. Brown & M. Fry Scotl. Age of Disruption 10 In October 1834, Robert Young, a probationer minister, was presented to the parish living by the patron, the earl of Kinnoull. parish meeting n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of deliberative or legislative assembly > [noun] > meeting of a town, parish, ward, or county wardmote1377 town meeting1636 parrock1660 parish meeting1665 county meeting1679 1665 P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 172 At Malpas at a parish-meeting..three mizes sess'd for y^e ensuing year. 1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 53 They..have a Vote in the Parish-meetings. 1894 Act 56 & 57 Vict. c. 73 §1 There shall be a parish meeting for every rural parish. 1996 Church Times 6 Sept. 3/4 An older rectory was sold off..according to Mark Hicks Beach, co-patron of the benefice and chairman of the parish meeting. parish officer n. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > constable > of a parish or tithing tithingmanlOE Petty Constable1472 tithemana1475 thirdborough?c1475 petty constable1574 parish officer1646 parish watcha1745 1646 H. Mill 2nd Pt. Nights Search i. sig. B5 Twas sure no Constable that's proud to weare The title of a Parish Officer. 1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 453 If a landlord distreins goods for rent, or a parish officer for taxes, these for a time are only a pledge in the hands of the distreinors. 1857 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (new ed.) 55 The position of principal Parish Officer, in which character the Constable was summoner, has long been filled by the churchwardens. 1991 Past & Present Aug. 48 Bristol, Stockland and Blagdon, Somerset, where the godly parish officers noted the administration of the sacrament at ‘christide’ and Easter. parish parson n. ΚΠ 1615 W. Goddard Neaste of Waspes sig. Cij^v Why pay't him then; thou knowst a barlie strawe Will make a parish parson goe to lawe. 1710 T. Dorrington Dissenters represented & condemn'd by Themselves iv. 322 Doth not Christ..account you to be related to the Parish Parson as your Pastor? 1822 W. Coombe Hist. Johnny Quæ Genus ii. 61 As the Parish Parson too, with a small form was quite askew. 1996 R. D. Brown Strength of a People 129 The lecturer did not electrify his crowd anymore than did the common parish parson. parish poor n. ΚΠ 1693 C. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires vii. 138 And shew his Tally for the dole of Bread, With which the Parish-Poor are daily fed [L. summula ne pereat qua uilis tessera uenitfrumenti]. 1766 S. R. Scott Hist. Sir George Ellison I. ii. iii. 184 Persons..who from an unuseful, and no blamable pride, were unwilling to be ranked among the parish poor. 1890 Dict. National Biogr. at Hanway, Jonas He also worked indefatigably on behalf of the infant parish poor. 2003 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 7 St Mark's has been running various welfare missions to the parish poor since the late 19th century. parish preacher n. ΚΠ a1593 J. Penry Hist. Corah et al. (1609) 16 They may every one of them send for any Parish-preacher in the land. 1685 T. Ellwood Rogero-Mastir 18 These Texts which I have here inserted, Have oft been misapply'd, and much perverted by Parish-Preachers. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 56. ⁋3 Nicolas de Boutheiller, Parish-Preacher of Sasseville. 1864 E. R. Charles Chrons. Schönberg-Cotta Family xiv. 219 I am desired to be daily parish preacher. 1999 U.S. Catholic (Nexis) 64 18 His required homily-evaluation program for parish preachers..and instructional ‘four minute teachings’..have resulted in higher-than-average Mass attendance. parish pulpit n. ΚΠ 1652 Mercurius Democritus No. 33 262 Why the Parishes Pulpit should not be as common as the Parish Pulpit? a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1652 (1955) III. 60 It being now a very rare thing to find a Priest of the Church of England in a Parish pulpet, most of them fill'd with Independents & Phanatics. 1768 R. Hill Pietas Oxoniensis (ed. 2) 35 The parish pulpit in that town. 1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. iv. 31 No man more sane in preaching the gospel of his Lord..ever got into a parish pulpit. 2001 San Antonio (Texas) Express-News (Nexis) 20 Oct. c12 Mannion said he wants Texas bishops to be more forceful in having their public statements against capital punishment read in parish pulpits during Sunday Masses. parish rate n. ΚΠ 1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 71. 1065 Resolved by the Parliament..that the charges thereof be defrayed out of the Parish Rates. 1705 J. Bowack Antiq. Middlesex 44 The Parish rate for this was Two Hundred and Sixty Pounds. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. x. 170 It was enacted..that overseers of the poor.., with the churchwardens, should raise by a parish rate competent sums for this purpose. View more context for this quotation 1858 A. Trollope Three Clerks III. xiv. 259 Harry was..about to take his place as the squire of his parish,..to decide about..parish rates and other all-absorbing topics. 1992 J. Rule Albion's People 134 Farmers were inclined to discriminate in favour of married labourers, since they would otherwise have been a greater burden on the parish rate of which the farmers were the main payers. parish steeple n. ΚΠ a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods 230 in Wks. (1640) III Though the Parish-steeple Be silent, to the people, Ring thou it Holy-day. 1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 78 Rallying round a parish steeple. 2003 Financial Times (Nexis) 14 June 2 The town's main claim to fame is that its church, St James, has the highest parish steeple in England. parish vestry n. ΚΠ 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 244 One hundred thousand Pounds a Week, which was distributed by the Church Wardens at the several Parish Vestries. 1892 Catholic World May 227 People spoke of reforming that august body much as they would speak of dismissing a fraudulent board of directors or enjoining a refractory parish vestry. 1993 F. Collymore RSVP to Mrs Bush-Hall 120 This was a great triumph for her, for Mr Hall was quite an important personality. He was a member of the parish vestry [etc.]. parish watch n. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > constable > of a parish or tithing tithingmanlOE Petty Constable1472 tithemana1475 thirdborough?c1475 petty constable1574 parish officer1646 parish watcha1745 a1745 J. Swift Story Injured Lady (1746) 6 I must maintain a Parish watch against Thieves and Robbers. 1837 Times 9 Jan. 3/5 The mayor, recorder, and all the magistrates repaired to the spot, with the parish watch and policemen to afford assistance. 1992 P. Harding Nightingale Gallery (BNC) 174 No one would come forward to claim the body and Athelstan knew the parish watch would bury it like the decaying corpse of a dog. b. With sense ‘for the service or use of the parish’. parish doctor n. ΚΠ 1773 J. Berridge Christian World Unmasked 26 Our parish doctor does not treat his patients in this rough manner. 1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xlviii. 548 There's no credit to be got through being jolly with you, Mr. Pinch, anyways... A parish doctor might be jolly with you. 1977 R. L. Wolff Gains & Losses viii. 425 The parish doctor is a rich man, a scientist. parish mag n. ΚΠ a1966 M. Allingham Cargo of Eagles (1968) xii. 140 The vicar called to leave 'is compliments and a parish mag. 2002 Sun (Nexis) 5 Sept. Churchgoers also said Harry Brown siphoned collection box cash, misused the parish mag and fibbed in the pulpit. parish magazine n. ΚΠ 1859 G. H. Lewes Let. 6 Sept. in Geo. Eliot Lett. (1954) III. 146 To-day a letter has come from the editor of a ‘Parish Magazine’. 1993 Central Television News Scripts (BNC) An appeal in the parish magazine has raised three thousand pounds. † parish mill n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > other types of mill water corn mill1327 watermill1371 quern mill1590 water grist mill1636 tide-mill1640 parish mill1676 whin-mill1793 roller mill1828 saddle quern1867 walk-around1869 kibbler1882 1676 J. Worlidge Vinetum Britannicum 81 Carry your Fruit to a Parish-Mill. 1791 T. Townshend Poems 107 Alas! unturn'd the parish mill. 1830 J. F. Cooper Water Witch II. viii. 178 The stream that turns the parish mill happens to be muddy. parish nurse n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > nurse > [noun] > other types man-nurse1530 probationer nurse1584 parish nurse1716 day nurse1759 school nurse1836 Gamp1846 hospital nurse1848 pupil nurse1861 male nurse1874 district nurse1883 relief nurse1884 casualty nurse1885 bayman1888 maid nurse1895 charge-nurse1896 ward nurse1899 health visitor1901 practice nurse1912 community nurse1922 scrub nurse1927 theatre nurse1934 para-nurse1942 nurse practitioner1967 rehab nurse1977 1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. 345 Venerable Alms-women and experienc'd Parish-Nurses. 1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. xxiii. 242 That parish nurse had not attended to my directions. 2003 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 1 July A joint effort between health care providers and parish nurses to offer free medical screening, was added in Cold Spring in the last year. parish pound n. ΚΠ 1724 J. Swift Excellent New Song upon Archbishop of Dublin (single sheet) Driving all my Cows into the Parish Pound. 1807 S. W. H. Ireland Stultifera Navis liv. 236 In youth, 'twas no less necessary for him to fall in love with Mary, and pay to parish pounds for fun. 2001 Coventry Evening Telegraph (Nexis) 25 Sept. 5 Villagers can go ahead and restore two ancient parish pounds, thanks to a grant from Warwickshire County Council. parish room n. ΚΠ 1861 Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne II. ii. xiii. 153 One would think, rather than lie under the stigma and afford the parish room to talk, she'd marry the first man that came. 2003 Burnley Express (Nexis) 4 July The event, held in the parish room, raised an impressive 200 and attracted up to 25 people. c. With sense ‘maintained or provided by the parish (sense 3a)’. † parish boy n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > child parish-child1663 parish boy1705 parish girl1715 yellowhammer1851 1705 W. Nicolson London Diaries 30 Dec. (1985) 343 The Trustees have from time to time taken in several parish-boys and Girls..and provided for their education and maintenance. 1850 Littell's Living Age 13 July 70/1 I showed the parish boys and girls the Fantoccini, the Chinese Shades, and Mr. Punch as well. † parish-child n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > child parish-child1663 parish boy1705 parish girl1715 yellowhammer1851 1663 S. Pepys Diary 20 Aug. (1971) IV. 282 A good likely girl and a parish-child of St. Brides, of honest parentage. 1785 J. Hanway Chimney Sweepers 123 It was the poverty and distress of parish-children which induced the legislature to reduce the value of the stamps. 1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist I. i. 7 He was badged and ticketed, and fell into his place at once—a parish child—the orphan of a workhouse. parish coffin n. ΚΠ 1820 C. R. Maturin Melmoth I. i. 36 Save my soul, and (whispering) make interest to get me a parish coffin,—I have not enough left to bury me. 1991 J. Litten Eng. Way of Death 86 The introduction of the reusable parish coffin in the sixteenth century signalled a marked improvement in the decoration on coffins supplied for the nobility. † parish girl n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > child parish-child1663 parish boy1705 parish girl1715 yellowhammer1851 1705 W. Nicolson London Diaries 30 Dec. (1985) 343 The Trustees have from time to time taken in several parish-boys and Girls..and provided for their education and maintenance.] 1715 J. Gay What d'ye call It Pref. sig. Avi The Ghost of the Embryo and the Parish-Girl are entire new Characters. 1849 J. Kenyon Day at Tivoli 104 What parish girl shall find employ To deck the bride? parish relief n. ΚΠ 1742 J. Higgs Guide to Justices 244 B.C. Overseer of your Poor, paid D.R. of your Parish Relief. 1816 J. Marcet Conv. Polit. Econ. (1861) x. 151 Parish relief thus became the very cause of the mischief which it professed to remedy. 1990 J. Halperin Novelists in their Youth ii. 61 Her family had been brought up as paupers on parish relief. parish workhouse n. ΚΠ 1736 E. Jones Luxury, Pride & Vanity (ed. 2) 16 Miserable Wretches, mew'd up in a Parish Workhouse. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 770 Who called her verse a parish workhouse, made For motely, foundling fancies. 1842 T. B. Macaulay Frederic the Great in Ess. (1865) ii. 246/1 Oliver Twist in the parish workhouse. 1993 ATA Mag.: Alberts Teachers' Assoc. Nov.–Dec. 36/2 Is a reintroduction of the parish workhouse next in Klein's cards? d. With sense ‘characteristic of a parish, parochial’. † parish jest n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1681 T. Otway Souldiers Fortune iv. 41 To be forced to concurr with his Non-sence too, and laugh at his Parish Jests. parish wit n. ΚΠ 1822 W. Combe Hist. Johnny Quæ Genus ii. 64 Th' Exciseman, a smart parish wit, thought he could make a funny hit. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 78 To him that fluster'd his poor parish wits. 1977 F. Shuffelton Thomas Hooker 131 (note) An anonymous parish wit protested Mr.Roberts' zeal in introducing in the name of conformity what seemed to be popish customs. e. Instrumental. † parish-pensioned adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1746 J. Lockman To 1st Promoter Cambrick & Tea-Bills 23 Bad tenants, and the ‘parish-pension'd band’. parish-rated adj. ΚΠ 1904 N.E.D. at Parish Parish-rated. C2. † parish blue n. Obsolete cloth formerly used to make clothes for paupers (cf. blue n. 2b). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for clothing for specific people shepherd's greyc1640 Negro cloth1653 parish blue1830 negro felt1847 nigger cloth1857 stuff1889 1830 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Jan. 160 A mark and a suit of parish blue. parish book n. = parish register n. (b). ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > parish register parish book1594 church book1596 church register1606 parish register1653 vestry-book1773 1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. E3^v For proofe he was my childe, search the parish booke. 1656 J. Harrington Common-wealth of Oceana 211 The list of the Stratiots so elected being taken by the overseers shall be entred in the Parish Book, and diligently preserved as a record, called the first Esay. 1792 J. Richardson Fugitive iii. i. 33 The register can add nothing to the evidence of your face—which proclaims fifty as strongly as if it was in black and white in the parish books. 1892 Dict. National Biogr. XXXII. 406/1 From 1590 to 1609 he appeared in the parish books of St. Mary the Great, Cambridge, as paying 5s. a year for the rent of a shop. 2003 Official Kremlin Internat. News Broadcast (Nexis) 20 June In general it was interesting, this information was taken from the parish books, all my relatives had lived in the Tver gubernia beginning from the 17th century. parish communion n. a communion service held in a parish for the benefit of all parishioners (as opposed to one held in a private chapel, etc.); (in modern use esp.) one held as the principal service of the day, esp. on a Sunday, at which most of the congregation take communion. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > parish parish massa1400 parish communion1653 parish Eucharist1924 1653 W. Erbery Bishop of London 7 'Tis plain Theft and Robbery, not in the State, but in the Churches of Saints, to take away the peoples Common-Prayers, Parish-Communions, Christening of children, &c. 1731 J. Glas Second Let. to Mr. Aytone 14 This seems to me to arise from these Words of mine, touching your Application of 2 Tim. 3 ch. to them that separate from your Parish Communion. 1905 C. G. Lang Opportunity of Church of Eng. 185 It can never rightly have this place unless and until there is one great parish communion every Sunday in which the aspect of the fellowship of the Body can be realised. 1992 T. Portsmouth et al. In Tune with Heaven 111 The Parish Communion has almost universally become the main Sunday service. parish Eucharist n. rare (a) = parish communion n.; (b) = parish mass n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > parish parish massa1400 parish communion1653 parish Eucharist1924 1924 Times 18 July 10/3 I would..rather long for a parish Eucharist at, say, 9 o'clock. 1992 T. Portsmouth et al. In Tune with Heaven 183 In most places, and particularly in the parish Eucharist, the congregation ought to be enabled to sing more than hymns. parish house n. (a) a house owned by a parish, esp. the house used to accommodate the minister or clergy; †(b) a house for the parish poor (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > institutional homes > [noun] > for the poor, infirm, etc. > workhouse working-house1597 workhouse1631 house of industry1679 spin-house1702 parish house1709 poorhouse1727 poorshouse1732 house?1825 union workhouse1830 union house1835 pauper asylum1837 great house1838 union1839 big house1851 spiniken1859 spike1866 lump1874 1709 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 109 Ye pars house Consisting of an Insett house with their Romes vis a hall a kiching, a litell parlour & panterie over ye seler with Chameres over them all. 1722 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers viii. 415 The Parish House hath been a Temple for Idols. 1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 100 In every parish house..the poor are supplied with food, cloths, fire, and a bed to lie on. 1892 Catholic World May 244 The old priest occupied, of course, the parish house adjoining, and it never occurred to his mind that it would be necessary to hand over either church or rectory to the new bishop. 2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 May 79/1 He had made a statement before the trial began that he'd encountered EMP Specialist Obdulio Villanueva..in front of the San Sebastián parish house. parish kirk n. = parish church n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > principal place of worship > [noun] minsterOE architemple1297 cathedral church1297 High Churchc1325 seec1325 mother churcha1387 parish churcha1387 High Kirk1422 see churchc1449 duomo1549 basilica1563 parish kirk1563 cathedral1587 dome1691 basilic1703 dom1861 domchurch1864 1563 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 248 The parochinaris of the paroche kirk within this realm. 1665 in W. Macgill Old Ross-shire & Scotl. (1909) I. 39 For building and repairing off the parische kirk of Taine and kirkyeard. 1792 J. Martin Inq. State Legal & Judicial Polity Scotl. i. xi. 114 The same precept of warning to be read in the parish kirk. 1894 ‘I. Maclaren’ Lachlan Campbell in Beside Bonnie Brier Bush iii. 145 Away on the right the Parish Kirk peeped out from a clump of trees. 2003 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 7 Aug. 6 The parish kirk at Old Deer was yesterday covered with scaffolding as roofers set to work on its leaking spire. parish lands n. property belonging to a parish, and administered by the churchwardens. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > other > [noun] > landed property belonging to parish parish landsa1635 a1635 ‘T. Randolph’ in Ann. Dubrensia (1636) sig. C3 They looke like yonder man of wood that stands To bound the limits of the Parish lands. 1752 S. Brewster Collectanea Ecclesiastica 237 Church-Lands that do remain are become (forthe most Part) Parish Lands. 1896 F. Pollock Land Laws ii. 40 Sometimes these parish lands are within the modern boundaries, but by no means always. 1991 European Reformation 392 Since the new pastors were expected to raise and feed families, and to devote time to reading and preparing sermons, they could no longer be expected to eke out a living from tithes and part-time farming their parish lands. parish lantern n. English regional (chiefly midlands) and slang the moon. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > moon > [noun] moonOE Diana1398 Hecatec1420 lady of the night1480 luna?1499 Lucina?1504 Phoebe1600 queen of the night?1610 mother of months1613 noctiluca1623 Cynthia1645 Oliver?1747 star-queen1818 Paddy's lantern1834 parish lantern1847 night-sun1855 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Parish-lantern, the moon. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 95 Parish lantern, the moon. 1887 J. Ashton 18th Cent. Waifs 235 (note) The link-boy's natural hatred of ‘the Parish Lantern’, which would deprive him of his livelihood. 1990 Manch. Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 4 Nov. 22 Some of the words were new to me—I believe they were Devonshire rather than Wiltshire—but I was familiar with the Parish Lantern, the Moon. parish mass n. [compare post-classical Latin missa parochialis (from 13th cent. in British sources)] a mass celebrated, esp. on a Sunday, in a parish church; (also) = parish communion n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > mass > kinds of mass > [noun] > parish parish massa1400 parish communion1653 parish Eucharist1924 a1400 Ancrene Riwle (Pepys) (1976) 8 Þe seuen psalmes seiþ..wiþ þe Letany..whan þe preestes done parisch Messe. 1693 T. Rymer Short View Trag. sig. E3^v On Holy-days, from eight or nine a Clock a-mornings, the People left their Parish-Mass, Sermon, and Vespers, to take their place at the Play-house. 1763 Divine Office for Use of Laity I. p. vi The prayers, publications, and familiar instructions used at the Parish-Mass, on Sundays. 1866 Catholic World May 193/2 It was a short visit made to ascertain if his invalid friend could say mass for him the next morning at a later hour than usual—the hour for the parish mass, in fact. 2003 Grimsby Evening Telegraph (Nexis) 31 May Bishop Keith Newton will be celebrant and preacher at a confirmation and parish mass to mark Pentecost at St Augustine's on Sunday. parish register n. †(a) the registrar of a parish (obsolete); (b) a book recording the christenings, marriages, and burials taking place in a parish church. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > laity > lay functionaries > registrar > [noun] parish register1653 society > faith > artefacts > book (general) > other books > [noun] > parish register parish book1594 church book1596 church register1606 parish register1653 vestry-book1773 1653 Acts & Ordin. Parl. (Scobell) c. 6. 237 Some able and honest person..to have the Keeping of the said Book [sc. a Register of Marriages, Births, and Burials], and the person so elected, approved and sworn, shall be called the Parish-Register. 1713 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 3) 93 The Parish-Register is a Parchment Book, in which all the Christnings, Marriages, and Burials of the Parish are Recorded. This was first ordered by the Lord Vicegerent Cromwell,..1538. 1822 Ld. Byron Let. 19 Dec. (1980) X. 63 I suspect that temperance is a more effective medicine at twenty than at thirty... Oh Parish Register!—Oh Peerage why?—Record those years that I would fain deny? 1987 D. Hey Family Hist. & Local Hist. in Eng. 104 The Sedgley parish registers..demonstrate the continuity of family involvement in scythemaking, lockmaking and nailing. parish rig n. Nautical slang (a) a poorly equipped ship or ill-clothed sailor; (b) a poor outfit of clothes. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > one who is poorly or shabbily dressed dowdc1330 dowdy1581 dud1871 tat1936 parish rig1937 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [noun] > poorly constructed parish rig1937 1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 606/1 Parish-rig, a poorly found ship or an ill-clothed man. 1958 J. G. R. Bisset Sail Ho! 36 These men [sc. pierhead jumpers] usually had nothing except the clothes they stood up in—known as a ‘parish rig’. parish rigged adj. Nautical slang poorly or cheaply equipped or clothed. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > poorly or insufficiently dressed single1380 narrow clotheda1450 misdight1597 underclad1622 underclothed1890 parish rigged1899 kitless1936 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > [adjective] > poorly built and equipped parish rigged1899 1899 F. T. Bullen Log of Sea-waif 163 She was what sailors call ‘parish rigged’, meaning that all her gear was of the cheapest. 1933 P. A. Eaddy Hull Down 135 A couple of the new hands who had been shipped just before we left Portland had come aboard pretty well ‘parish rigged’, to use an old sailor term for a man going to sea short of clothes. 1968 L. Morton Long Wake i. 15 I joined Beeswing in what in those days was called ‘Parish rigged’ [sic], in other words with little or no kit. parish school n. a school serving or supported by a parish; spec. = parochial school n. at parochial adj. and n. Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > church school parish school1711 church school1714 parochial school1714 schola cantorum1728 choir school1873 Sacred Heart1883 1711 Brief Acct. Joseph Keble 1 His first Rudiments of Literature he received at the Parish School of St. Andrews Holbourn. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. i. 370 In Scotland the establishment of such parish schools has taught almost the whole common people to read. View more context for this quotation 1814 W. Tennant Anster Fair (ed. 2) ii. xix. 44 That day the doors of parish-school were shut. 1875 G. MacDonald Malcolm I. vii. 67 A cottage rather larger than the rest, which stood close by the churchyard gate. It was the parish school. 2003 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) (Nexis) 13 July 18 The tree was presented by Deacon Pete Faler and Robert Kiefer, principal of the parish school. parish schoolmaster n. a schoolmaster in a parish school; spec. = parochial schoolmaster n. at parochial adj. and n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1703 W. Freke Divine Gram. iii. 75 My Son's Parish School-master. 1749 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. liv. 333 One Thompson, about five miles distant the other way, but he is a parish schoolmaster, poor, and about seventy. 1863 J. Hamilton Addr. Mr John Fairlie in Poems 130 Recited at a Jubilee Supper given on the completion of his Fiftieth Year as Parish Schoolmaster in the Parish of Fenwick, Ayrshire. 1993 S. J. Brown & M. Fry Scotl. in Age Disruption 126 Gibb seems to play into her hands—..building a voluntary ‘venture school’ in opposition to the Moderate parish schoolmaster. † parish shell n. Obsolete = parish coffin n. at Compounds 1c. ΚΠ 1799 R. Southey Eng. Eclogues in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 45 To slave while there is strength, in age the workhouse, A parish shell at last. 1879 R. Browning Halbert & Hob 24 Save the sexton the charge of a parish shell. 1885 Times 15 Dec. 5/6 The deceased, who had been lying in a decomposed state in a common parish shell. † parish-top n. Obsolete a large spinning top, kept for the amusement of parishioners, which two players or parties whipped in opposite directions; cf. town-top n. at town n. Compounds 1b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > top > [noun] > whipping-top > for public use parish-topa1616 town-top?1617 a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iii. 40 A Coward and a Coystrill that will not drinke to my Neece. till his braines turne o'th toe, like a parish top . View more context for this quotation 1621 J. Fletcher et al. Trag. of Thierry & Theodoret ii. i. sig. E2 A boy of twelue Should scourge him hither like a parish top, And make him dance before you. 1838–43 C. Knight Pict. Ed. Wks. Shakspere. Twelfth Night i. iii. (note) The town-top and the parish-top were one and the same. The custom..existed in the time of Elizabeth, and probably long before, of a large top being provided for the amusement of the peasants in frosty weather. parish work n. the work or duty of attending to the poor and sick of a parish; pastoral work in a parish. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > good works > [noun] > works of mercy > specific charity1154 parish work1856 1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. iii. 24 The incumbent, Mr. Ramsden, had small means, and was not a high stamp of Clergyman, seldom exerting himself, and leaving most of his parish work to the two under masters of the school. 1873 Mrs. H. Wood in Argosy 16 133 Parish work is not to everyone's taste. 1911 W. Owen Let. 18 June (1967) 75 To become the ‘assistant’ of some hard-worked or studiously inclined parson, helping in parish work, correspondence etc. 1991 Action 156 The conference..brought together some 20 people..whose fields of expertise ranged from parish work to professional journalism. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). parishv. Brit. /ˈparɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈpɛrɪʃ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: parish n. Etymology: < parish n. †1. intransitive. English regional (Lincolnshire). To belong to or go with as part of a parish. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > divide into administrative areas [verb (intransitive)] > belong to as part of parish parish1833 1833 Drakard's Stamford News 8 Oct. 1/2 A village that parishes with one adjoining. 1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. 106 It is said of an hamlet or township that it parishes to some other place, that is, forms one ecclesiastical parish with it. Thus Whisby parishes to Doddington, and Morton to Swinderby. 1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) 394 Amcotts ewsed to parish to Authrup. †2. intransitive. Of a cleric: to do parish work. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1880 J. Gott Let. 6 July (1918) 132 The growth and gymnastics of the mind, the mind with which one prays and parishes. 3. transitive. Chiefly British. To organize the local government of (a place or area) by parishes. ΚΠ 1995 M2 PressWIRE (Nexis) 14 Mar. I am still considering the Commission's recommendations for parishing Aylesbury and High Wycombe. 1999 Bath Chron. 4 Sept. 11/4 For Bath to consider parishing a World Heritage City, it is an insult to Bath. 2000 Scunthorpe Evening Tel. (Nexis) 7 Feb. 25 Parishing Scunthorpe could take up to 10 years. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300v.1833
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parishn.

Phrases

Compounds

parishv.