perfunctorilyadv.

Brit.

/pəˈfʌŋ(k)t(ə)rᵻli/, U.S.

/pərˈfəŋ(k)t(ə)rəli/

Forms: 1500s perfunctorilie, 1600s– perfunctorily.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin perfunctorius , -ly suffix².

Etymology: < post-classical Latin perfunctorius perfunctory adj. + -ly suffix². Compare classical Latin perfunctōriē . Compare slightly later perfunctory adj.

In a perfunctory manner; as a matter of mere duty, form, or routine; with a minimum of effort, care, or interest.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > indifference > [adverb]

indifferently1574

perfunctorily1581

perfunctoriously1609

unconcernedly1636

disaffectedly1646

inconcernedly1695

gaily1810

nonchalantly1836

off-handed1840

uncovetingly1862

uncaringly1868

insouciantly1880

uninterestedly1891

disinterestedly1941

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [adverb] > without thoroughness or exactness

lightlyOE

overly1440

superficially1526

slovenly1548

glancingly1556

overrunningly1561

cursorily1565

perfunctorily1581

sloven-like1589

cursoriwise1598

perfunctoriously1609

slubberingly1622

cursitorily1628

skimmingly1847

unscrutinizingly1891

sloppily1898

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxvii. 163 Not perfunctorilie taken knowledge of, but thoroughly examined.

c1616 S. Ward Coal from Altar (1627) 69 Why is it that some of vs pray..in publique so briefly, so perfunctorily, and feebly?

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall iii. 37 They were not of the meanest carcasses, perfunctorily fired as sometimes in military, and commonly in pestilence, burnings.

a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 425 The office of a Clergyman may be performed..either perfunctorily..or carefully and conscientiously, as a trust reposed in him by God.

1860 R. W. Emerson Worship in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 198 The numbers who do their task perfunctorily, as we say, or just to pass, and as badly as they dare.

1885 Law Times 28 Feb. 311/2 Loose law carelessly and perfunctorily administered.

1918 B. Tarkington Magnificent Ambersons vi. 91 He danced with her perfunctorily, thinking the while of Mr. Eugene Morgan and his daughter.

1999 Independent (Nexis) 14 May ii. 1/2 To fire him so perfunctorily, and without a cushion, seems to have been a major error of judgement.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	perfunctorily
释义	perfunctorilyadv. Brit. /pəˈfʌŋ(k)t(ə)rᵻli/, U.S. /pərˈfəŋ(k)t(ə)rəli/ Forms: 1500s perfunctorilie, 1600s– perfunctorily. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin perfunctorius , -ly suffix². Etymology: < post-classical Latin perfunctorius perfunctory adj. + -ly suffix². Compare classical Latin perfunctōriē . Compare slightly later perfunctory adj. In a perfunctory manner; as a matter of mere duty, form, or routine; with a minimum of effort, care, or interest. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > indifference > [adverb] indifferently1574 perfunctorily1581 perfunctoriously1609 unconcernedly1636 disaffectedly1646 inconcernedly1695 gaily1810 nonchalantly1836 off-handed1840 uncovetingly1862 uncaringly1868 insouciantly1880 uninterestedly1891 disinterestedly1941 the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [adverb] > without thoroughness or exactness lightlyOE overly1440 superficially1526 slovenly1548 glancingly1556 overrunningly1561 cursorily1565 perfunctorily1581 sloven-like1589 cursoriwise1598 perfunctoriously1609 slubberingly1622 cursitorily1628 skimmingly1847 unscrutinizingly1891 sloppily1898 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxvii. 163 Not perfunctorilie taken knowledge of, but thoroughly examined. c1616 S. Ward Coal from Altar (1627) 69 Why is it that some of vs pray..in publique so briefly, so perfunctorily, and feebly? 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall iii. 37 They were not of the meanest carcasses, perfunctorily fired as sometimes in military, and commonly in pestilence, burnings. a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 425 The office of a Clergyman may be performed..either perfunctorily..or carefully and conscientiously, as a trust reposed in him by God. 1860 R. W. Emerson Worship in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 198 The numbers who do their task perfunctorily, as we say, or just to pass, and as badly as they dare. 1885 Law Times 28 Feb. 311/2 Loose law carelessly and perfunctorily administered. 1918 B. Tarkington Magnificent Ambersons vi. 91 He danced with her perfunctorily, thinking the while of Mr. Eugene Morgan and his daughter. 1999 Independent (Nexis) 14 May ii. 1/2 To fire him so perfunctorily, and without a cushion, seems to have been a major error of judgement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adv.1581
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