pedimentn.

Brit.

/ˈpɛdᵻm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈpɛdəm(ə)nt/

Forms:

α. 1600s peremint, 1600s periment, 1600s perriment.

β. 1600s–1700s pedament, 1600s–1700s pedement, 1600s– pediment, 1700s pediement, 1700s piedment.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pyramid n.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an alteration of pyramid n. (compare pyramid n. 3a), based on a colloquial or regional pronunciation of the word (compare forms at that entry), with assimilation of the final syllable to -ment suffix.An alternative derivation as an aphetic form of operiment n. has also been suggested. In quot. 1592 at sense 1aα. the word is considered an alteration of perimeter n.; although supported by an isolated Middle English variant perimentre of perimeter n., the development is unlikely for semantic and phonological reasons. The β. forms show assimilation of the first element to classical Latin ped- , pedi- (see -ped comb. form, pedi- comb. form); compare classical Latin pedāmentum stake or prop for vines and later pedament n., also Italian †pedamento foundation, groundwork, base, footing (1499, 1611 in Florio). The form pedament perhaps shows influence of Italian pedamento ; the form piedment probably shows influence of French pied (see pied-à-terre n.). The association of the first element with Latin ped- also influenced the semantic development (see sense 2). Compare pedestal n. Not attested in French in sense 1 or 2, and in sense 3 borrowed from English (1937).

a. Architecture. A wide, usually triangular structure resembling a low-pitched gable, crowning the front of a classical building, especially over a portico. Also: a similar feature constructed above a door or window, etc.A pediment typically consists of a flat recessed field framed by a cornice and often ornamented with sculptures in relief.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > pediment

pediment1592

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > pediment over doors, windows, etc.

pediment1592

frontispiece1601

fronton1699

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > pediment

pediment1592

fastigium1611

eagle1682

α.

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 22^v The Coronices..were corrospondent and agreeing with the faling out of the whol worke, the Stilliced or Perimeter [Margin. A periment in corrupt English], or vtter part of the vppermost Coronice [It. il' stillicidio della suprema cornice] onely except.

1601–2 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 452 Item to John Hill Joyner for xiiij yeardes of wanscott over the high table in the Colledge hall at ii^s vi^d the yeard 35^s:..and for a periment in the middest of the same wanscott xx^s.

1601–2 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 629 A phaine for the peremint of the Coundite.

β. 1664 J. Evelyn Acct. Archit. in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. 140 Those Roofs which exalted themselves above the Cornices had usually in face a Triangular plaine or Gabel (that when our Workmen make not so acute and pointed they call a Pedament) which the Antients nam'd Tympanum.1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 400/2 He beareth Argent, a Gate or Port in a Wall, with a Pedement Imbattelled between two round Towers.1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Pediement, a Term in Architecture; the same with Fronton.1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) Pediment, an ornament that crowns the ordonnances, finishes the fronts of buildings, and serves as a decoration over gates, windows, niches, &c. It is ordinarily of a triangular form; but sometimes makes an arch of a circle.1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) i. iii. xi. 272 Clarendon Printing-House [Oxford]. On the Tops of the South East, and West Piedments, are the Tunnels of all the Chimneys.1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 373 On one side of the pediment which crowns it is stretched along an ancient River-god.1820 T. S. Hughes Trav. Sicily I. i. 19 In the pediment, however, of the eastern portico was sculptured in high relief the Gigantomachia, or Assault of Heaven by the Titans.1866 R. Chambers Ess. ii. 110 Presenting,..on the pediments of the windows, the letters S.P.T.1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) vi The carved and gilded pediments over the doors.1938 Amer. Home Jan. 56/2 Wings flank each side of the main block with its façade of pilasters bearing a complete entablature and pediment above.1991 Apollo Mar. 208/3 On the garden side, the façade has individual pediments topping the dormer windows.

b. Decorative Arts. A low-angled gable, similar to that over the portico of a classical building, placed on top of bookcases, cupboards, long-case clocks, etc.

ΚΠ

1603–4 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 575 A Perriment on the topp of the Organs w^th the scrowles and 7 bowles for the same.

1754 T. Chippendale Gentleman & Cabinet-maker's Director 7 From these projections raise all your perpendiculars to the Book-Case. To draw the pediment in Perspective, you must first draw it as you see it in G.

1983 Sat. Evening Post (Nexis) Mar. 64 Hardwood turnings and solid, precut and presanded pediments—the ornate sections at the top of the clock—are typical and nicely finished.

1991 Choice Jan. 41/1 Stick barometers..are..housed in a rectangular casing topped with a pediment like a grandfather clock.

2. A base, a foundation; a pavement; (now esp., perhaps by confusion) a pedestal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > low position > [noun] > condition of being placed under > that which lies under > base on which a thing rests

staddlea900

groundc950

base?c1335

standinga1382

foundation1398

basingc1400

bottom1440

subjecta1500

groundworka1557

basis?a1560

pedestal1563

understand1580

footwork1611

centrea1616

underwork1624

skaddle1635

substructure1641

foot piece1657

pediment1660

seat1661

sedes1662

under-warp1668

plantationa1680

terrace1735

substructure1789

footing1791

seating1805

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > floor > [noun] > types of

parlour floor1441

causey1481

pediment1747

working floor1747

parquet1814

parquet floor1819

subfloor1838

straight-joint floor1842

parquet flooring1845

working floor1850

dallage1856

nightingale floor1914

open floor1932

floating floor1934

1660 R. Pratt Notebks. in R. T. Gunther Archit. Sir Roger Pratt 30 I conceive that no house to which you ascend not by some competent number of steps, can well be graceful nor indeed convenient... It will be best therefore to have a pediment either of three foot at the least, or five at the most.

1726 J. Dart Hist. Canterbury Cathedral 14 The Pedement of St. Thomas's Altar.

1747 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 362/2 His Neapolitan majesty has paved several parlours of his new palace..with mosaic and other pediments taken up entire.

1799 S. Dickson Union of Taste & Sci. 14 Then e'en on earth had Virtue founded thrones On the bright pediment of precious stones.

c1874 A. von Steinwehr Centennial Gaz. U.S. 100/2 The Wildey Monument..consists of a pediment and a plain shaft, surmounted by the status of Thomas Wildey.

1880 W. Grant Christ our Hope 1 Three pediments support the viaduct of life along which Christians pass to glory.

1930 E. Pound Draft of XXX Cantos (1972) vii. 25 Beer-bottle on the statue's pediment.

2003 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 10 Apr. 3 Somebody produced a sledgehammer and pounded at the massive marble pediment. Somebody else tossed a rope around Saddam's neck to bring him down.

3. Geomorphology. A broad, gently sloping, eroded rock surface that extends outwards from the abrupt foot of a mountain in arid and semi-arid regions and is usually slightly concave and partly or wholly covered with a thin layer of alluvium.This is not the sense in quot. 1882, where the word denotes steep rock slopes roughly triangular in shape, more like architectural pediments.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > area at foot of

skirt1598

piedmont1860

thigh1889

pediment1897

pediment pass1930

pediplane1942

peripediment1942

1882 C. E. Dutton Tertiary Hist. Grand Cañon District v. 85 Between the alcoves the projecting pediments present gable-ends towards the valley-plain.]

1897 W. J. McGee in Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 8 92 The tide-carved coast cuts a typical granitic butte..rising sharply from the inclined foot-slope of Sierra Seri, yet the rugged-faced knob is seen to surmount a granite pediment nearly half a mile across in the line of section.

1922 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 730. 52 The mountains of the Papago country rise from plains which are similar in form to the alluvial plains that commonly front mountains of an arid region, but large parts of the plains are without alluvial cover and are composed of solid rock. These plains are called ‘mountain pediments’, a term suggested by McGee's usage.

1960 B. W. Sparks Geomorphol. xi. 257 The sharp break of slope between the pediment and the mountain front seems to point to a change of operative process, but there is no agreement as to the nature of the processes involved.

1977 A. Hallam Planet Earth 85 The low-angle (generally less than about 8°) concave surfaces which coalesce to form the pediplains are called pediments.

2000 Earth Surface Processes & Landforms 25 29 River terraces and terrace pediments are genetically connected landforms, where each terrace pediment corresponds with a fluvial terrace of the same relative height.

Compounds

pediment pass n. Geomorphology a rock-floored mountain pass connecting the top of a developing pediment on one side to another on the other side.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > area at foot of

skirt1598

piedmont1860

thigh1889

pediment1897

pediment pass1930

pediplane1942

peripediment1942

1930 C. Sauer in Univ. Calif. Publ. Geogr. 3 370 Under less advanced conditions of pediment development we find narrow, flat, rock-floored tongues extending back from the general pediment, but still penetrating along the mountain sufficiently to meet another pediment slope extending into the mountain front from the other side... To distinguish this less advanced feature from the broad saddle plains..we may call it a pediment pass.

1974 C. H. Crickmay Work of River viii. 206 In a few places, the upper end of the pediment is the smoothly rounded summit of a pediment pass, or rock floored gap through a low mountain ridge.

1990 Trans. Inst. Brit. Geographers 15 314/1 There are seven main types of valley [including]..major pediment passes such as Womberella Gap.

Derivatives

ˈpediment-like adj. resembling a pediment.

ΚΠ

1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour iii. 45 An elevated visor or frontlet of a triangular pediment-like form.

1944 Geogr. Jrnl. 103 230 The entrances..which face north-west are near the junction of a pediment-like slope and the more abrupt rise of the naked limestone rocks.

1997 Trans. Inst. Brit. Geographers 22 400/1 He identified pediment-like features in England..and their residual weathering crusts in both Wisconsin and Europe, provoking renewed speculation regarding the former extent of tropical climates.

† pedimentwise adv. Obsolete in the manner of a pediment.

ΚΠ

1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. App. c. 370 At the gable ends, the trunks [of which the walls were built] rose gradually pedimentwise to the height of fourteen feet.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pediment
释义	pedimentn. Brit. /ˈpɛdᵻm(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈpɛdəm(ə)nt/ Forms: α. 1600s peremint, 1600s periment, 1600s perriment. β. 1600s–1700s pedament, 1600s–1700s pedement, 1600s– pediment, 1700s pediement, 1700s piedment. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pyramid n. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an alteration of pyramid n. (compare pyramid n. 3a), based on a colloquial or regional pronunciation of the word (compare forms at that entry), with assimilation of the final syllable to -ment suffix.An alternative derivation as an aphetic form of operiment n. has also been suggested. In quot. 1592 at sense 1aα. the word is considered an alteration of perimeter n.; although supported by an isolated Middle English variant perimentre of perimeter n., the development is unlikely for semantic and phonological reasons. The β. forms show assimilation of the first element to classical Latin ped- , pedi- (see -ped comb. form, pedi- comb. form); compare classical Latin pedāmentum stake or prop for vines and later pedament n., also Italian †pedamento foundation, groundwork, base, footing (1499, 1611 in Florio). The form pedament perhaps shows influence of Italian pedamento ; the form piedment probably shows influence of French pied (see pied-à-terre n.). The association of the first element with Latin ped- also influenced the semantic development (see sense 2). Compare pedestal n. Not attested in French in sense 1 or 2, and in sense 3 borrowed from English (1937). 1. a. Architecture. A wide, usually triangular structure resembling a low-pitched gable, crowning the front of a classical building, especially over a portico. Also: a similar feature constructed above a door or window, etc.A pediment typically consists of a flat recessed field framed by a cornice and often ornamented with sculptures in relief. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > pediment pediment1592 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > pediment over doors, windows, etc. pediment1592 frontispiece1601 fronton1699 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > pediment pediment1592 fastigium1611 eagle1682 α. 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 22^v The Coronices..were corrospondent and agreeing with the faling out of the whol worke, the Stilliced or Perimeter [Margin. A periment in corrupt English], or vtter part of the vppermost Coronice [It. il' stillicidio della suprema cornice] onely except. 1601–2 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 452 Item to John Hill Joyner for xiiij yeardes of wanscott over the high table in the Colledge hall at ii^s vi^d the yeard 35^s:..and for a periment in the middest of the same wanscott xx^s. 1601–2 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 629 A phaine for the peremint of the Coundite. β. 1664 J. Evelyn Acct. Archit. in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. 140 Those Roofs which exalted themselves above the Cornices had usually in face a Triangular plaine or Gabel (that when our Workmen make not so acute and pointed they call a Pedament) which the Antients nam'd Tympanum.1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 400/2 He beareth Argent, a Gate or Port in a Wall, with a Pedement Imbattelled between two round Towers.1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Pediement, a Term in Architecture; the same with Fronton.1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) Pediment, an ornament that crowns the ordonnances, finishes the fronts of buildings, and serves as a decoration over gates, windows, niches, &c. It is ordinarily of a triangular form; but sometimes makes an arch of a circle.1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) i. iii. xi. 272 Clarendon Printing-House [Oxford]. On the Tops of the South East, and West Piedments, are the Tunnels of all the Chimneys.1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 373 On one side of the pediment which crowns it is stretched along an ancient River-god.1820 T. S. Hughes Trav. Sicily I. i. 19 In the pediment, however, of the eastern portico was sculptured in high relief the Gigantomachia, or Assault of Heaven by the Titans.1866 R. Chambers Ess. ii. 110 Presenting,..on the pediments of the windows, the letters S.P.T.1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) vi The carved and gilded pediments over the doors.1938 Amer. Home Jan. 56/2 Wings flank each side of the main block with its façade of pilasters bearing a complete entablature and pediment above.1991 Apollo Mar. 208/3 On the garden side, the façade has individual pediments topping the dormer windows. b. Decorative Arts. A low-angled gable, similar to that over the portico of a classical building, placed on top of bookcases, cupboards, long-case clocks, etc. ΚΠ 1603–4 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 575 A Perriment on the topp of the Organs w^th the scrowles and 7 bowles for the same. 1754 T. Chippendale Gentleman & Cabinet-maker's Director 7 From these projections raise all your perpendiculars to the Book-Case. To draw the pediment in Perspective, you must first draw it as you see it in G. 1983 Sat. Evening Post (Nexis) Mar. 64 Hardwood turnings and solid, precut and presanded pediments—the ornate sections at the top of the clock—are typical and nicely finished. 1991 Choice Jan. 41/1 Stick barometers..are..housed in a rectangular casing topped with a pediment like a grandfather clock. 2. A base, a foundation; a pavement; (now esp., perhaps by confusion) a pedestal. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > low position > [noun] > condition of being placed under > that which lies under > base on which a thing rests staddlea900 groundc950 base?c1335 standinga1382 foundation1398 basingc1400 bottom1440 subjecta1500 groundworka1557 basis?a1560 pedestal1563 understand1580 footwork1611 centrea1616 underwork1624 skaddle1635 substructure1641 foot piece1657 pediment1660 seat1661 sedes1662 under-warp1668 plantationa1680 terrace1735 substructure1789 footing1791 seating1805 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > floor > [noun] > types of parlour floor1441 causey1481 pediment1747 working floor1747 parquet1814 parquet floor1819 subfloor1838 straight-joint floor1842 parquet flooring1845 working floor1850 dallage1856 nightingale floor1914 open floor1932 floating floor1934 1660 R. Pratt Notebks. in R. T. Gunther Archit. Sir Roger Pratt 30 I conceive that no house to which you ascend not by some competent number of steps, can well be graceful nor indeed convenient... It will be best therefore to have a pediment either of three foot at the least, or five at the most. 1726 J. Dart Hist. Canterbury Cathedral 14 The Pedement of St. Thomas's Altar. 1747 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 362/2 His Neapolitan majesty has paved several parlours of his new palace..with mosaic and other pediments taken up entire. 1799 S. Dickson Union of Taste & Sci. 14 Then e'en on earth had Virtue founded thrones On the bright pediment of precious stones. c1874 A. von Steinwehr Centennial Gaz. U.S. 100/2 The Wildey Monument..consists of a pediment and a plain shaft, surmounted by the status of Thomas Wildey. 1880 W. Grant Christ our Hope 1 Three pediments support the viaduct of life along which Christians pass to glory. 1930 E. Pound Draft of XXX Cantos (1972) vii. 25 Beer-bottle on the statue's pediment. 2003 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 10 Apr. 3 Somebody produced a sledgehammer and pounded at the massive marble pediment. Somebody else tossed a rope around Saddam's neck to bring him down. 3. Geomorphology. A broad, gently sloping, eroded rock surface that extends outwards from the abrupt foot of a mountain in arid and semi-arid regions and is usually slightly concave and partly or wholly covered with a thin layer of alluvium.This is not the sense in quot. 1882, where the word denotes steep rock slopes roughly triangular in shape, more like architectural pediments. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > area at foot of skirt1598 piedmont1860 thigh1889 pediment1897 pediment pass1930 pediplane1942 peripediment1942 1882 C. E. Dutton Tertiary Hist. Grand Cañon District v. 85 Between the alcoves the projecting pediments present gable-ends towards the valley-plain.] 1897 W. J. McGee in Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 8 92 The tide-carved coast cuts a typical granitic butte..rising sharply from the inclined foot-slope of Sierra Seri, yet the rugged-faced knob is seen to surmount a granite pediment nearly half a mile across in the line of section. 1922 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 730. 52 The mountains of the Papago country rise from plains which are similar in form to the alluvial plains that commonly front mountains of an arid region, but large parts of the plains are without alluvial cover and are composed of solid rock. These plains are called ‘mountain pediments’, a term suggested by McGee's usage. 1960 B. W. Sparks Geomorphol. xi. 257 The sharp break of slope between the pediment and the mountain front seems to point to a change of operative process, but there is no agreement as to the nature of the processes involved. 1977 A. Hallam Planet Earth 85 The low-angle (generally less than about 8°) concave surfaces which coalesce to form the pediplains are called pediments. 2000 Earth Surface Processes & Landforms 25 29 River terraces and terrace pediments are genetically connected landforms, where each terrace pediment corresponds with a fluvial terrace of the same relative height. Compounds pediment pass n. Geomorphology a rock-floored mountain pass connecting the top of a developing pediment on one side to another on the other side. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] > range > area at foot of skirt1598 piedmont1860 thigh1889 pediment1897 pediment pass1930 pediplane1942 peripediment1942 1930 C. Sauer in Univ. Calif. Publ. Geogr. 3 370 Under less advanced conditions of pediment development we find narrow, flat, rock-floored tongues extending back from the general pediment, but still penetrating along the mountain sufficiently to meet another pediment slope extending into the mountain front from the other side... To distinguish this less advanced feature from the broad saddle plains..we may call it a pediment pass. 1974 C. H. Crickmay Work of River viii. 206 In a few places, the upper end of the pediment is the smoothly rounded summit of a pediment pass, or rock floored gap through a low mountain ridge. 1990 Trans. Inst. Brit. Geographers 15 314/1 There are seven main types of valley [including]..major pediment passes such as Womberella Gap. Derivatives ˈpediment-like adj. resembling a pediment. ΚΠ 1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour iii. 45 An elevated visor or frontlet of a triangular pediment-like form. 1944 Geogr. Jrnl. 103 230 The entrances..which face north-west are near the junction of a pediment-like slope and the more abrupt rise of the naked limestone rocks. 1997 Trans. Inst. Brit. Geographers 22 400/1 He identified pediment-like features in England..and their residual weathering crusts in both Wisconsin and Europe, provoking renewed speculation regarding the former extent of tropical climates. † pedimentwise adv. Obsolete in the manner of a pediment. ΚΠ 1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. App. c. 370 At the gable ends, the trunks [of which the walls were built] rose gradually pedimentwise to the height of fourteen feet. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1592
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