pentyln.
/ˈpɛntʌɪl/, /ˈpɛntɪl/, U.S. /ˈpɛn(t)l/ Chemistry.
Any of the series of alkyl radicals with the formula —C5H11, derived from the pentanes; spec. (also n- pentyl) the unbranched isomer, —CH2(CH2)3CH3. Usually attributive or a formative element in chemical names. Cf. amyl n.2
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [noun] > alcohol radicals, by number of carbon atoms > five
amyl1850
pentyl1858
1858 H. Watts & R. Bridges Graham's Elem. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) 697 Amylic alcohol, or hydrate of amyl (pentyl).
1872 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 162 113 I prefer the names pentane and pentyl, as corresponding with hexyl and heptyl, which terms are now in general use.
1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) iii. 40 All efforts to change the name [amylene] to the more rational form pentyl alcohol have proved unsuccessful.
1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xiv. 660 Aromatic amines can be deaminated (ArNH2 → ArH) in one laboratory step by treatment with pentyl nitrite in boiling tetrahydrofuran.
1992 Analyt. Chem. 64 164/1 Derivatization with n-pentyl (Pe) Grignard reagent is carried out in a microvolume of n-octane.
Derivatives
penˈtylic adj. now rare containing or derived from a pentyl radical.
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1872 C. Schorlemmer in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 162 114 These are the properties of normal valerianic acid, or, as it might be conveniently called, pentylic acid.
1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Chem. II. 292 Pentoic or Valeric Acids..These acids admit of four metameric modifications... The first and second are obtained by oxidation of normal pentylic and isopentylic or amylic alcohol respectively.
1892 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (ed. 6) 286 Pentyl alcohol, C5H12O, is obtained from pentylic acid by reducing first to the aldehyde and then to the alcohol.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1858