pettifoggern.¹

Brit.

/ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡə/, U.S.

/ˈpɛdiˌfɔɡər/,

/ˈpɛdiˌfɑɡər/

Forms: 1500s petiefogger, 1500s petifogar, 1500s–1600s pettiefogger, 1500s–1700s petifogger, 1500s– pettifogger, 1600s petiuoguer (English regional (Cornwall)), 1600s–1700s pettyfoger, 1600s–1800s pettyfogger.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: petty adj., fogger n.¹

Etymology: < petty adj. + fogger n.¹ (see discussion at that entry).

1. Originally: an inferior legal practitioner who dealt with petty cases; formerly occasionally also as a professional name (see quot. 1688) (now historical). Hence: a lawyer who engages in petty quibbling and cavilling, or who employs dubious or underhanded legal practices; a lawyer who abuses the law. Usually derogatory.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > inferior, rascally, or shrewd

fogger1564

pettifogger1564

long fifteen1611

leguleian1617

peatc1680

pettifog1721

Philadelphia lawyer1788

legal beagle1822

lawyerling1830

shyster1844

legal eagle1869

society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > lawyer dealing with specific type of business

conveyancer1650

prerogative lawyer1681

pettifogger1688

crown lawyer1738

criminal lawyer1753

Crown solicitor1779

trial lawyer1929

1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 12^v I knowe them verie well, thei are two pettifoggers in the lawe.

1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. xciii. f. 164^v (side note) Thei which are among vs termed petie foggers haue this vice of Aduocates engraffed.

1576 A. Fleming tr. P. Manutius in Panoplie Epist. 320 As for this pettie fogger, this false fellowe that is in no credite or countenance.

1584 Copie of Let. conc. Erle of Leycester 196 A moste wicked promotor, and wretched petifogar, enriched him self by other mens ruynes.

1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C We must all turne pettifoggers, and in stead of gilt rapiers, hang buckram bags at our girdles.

1645 J. Milton Colasterion 17 A meer and arrant petti-fogger, who lately was so hardy, as to lay aside his buckram wallet, and make himself a fool in Print.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 63/2 Officers of the Palatinate Courts in Chester. Assizes..The Sollicitor. The Petty Fogers. Constable of the Castle [etc.].

a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) II. 255 No Clergyman..ought to be in the civil Magistracy, and as few Lawyers, at least Attorneys and Pettyfoggers, as may be.

1746 H. Walpole Corr. (1846) II. 142 He behaved so like an attorney the first day, and so like a pettifogger the second.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 118 He carried home with him all the knavish chicanery of the lowest pettifogger.

1841 T. B. Macaulay Warren Hastings in Edinb. Rev. Oct. 203 The ravenous pettifoggers who fattened on the misery and terror of an immense community.

1873 H. W. Longfellow Rhyme Sir Christopher in Aftermath i. 112 Morton of Merry Mount, That pettifogger from Furnival's Inn.

1968 All Eng. Law Rep. 2 578 A pettifogger might be tempted to thwart the obvious intention of Parliament.

1994 Duke Law Jrnl. 44 109 Proponents of a more onerous condition could play pettifogger by berating the judges for ‘narrowing’ the original condition.

2. A petty practitioner in any activity, a beginner, novice; esp. one who makes false claims to skill or knowledge, a charlatan, pretender.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > a charlatan, fraudster > [noun]

shondc725

faitoura1340

fob1393

trumper?c1450

feature14..

chuffera1500

prowler1519

truphane1568

cozener1575

cogger1580

pretender1583

impostor1586

mountebank1589

sycophant?1589

foolmonger1593

affronter1598

assumer1600

knight (also lord, man, etc.) of gingerbread1602

pettifogger1602

budgeter1603

quacksalver1611

empiric1614

putter-off?1615

quack1638

stafador1638

saltimbanco1646

adventurer1648

fourbe1668

shammer1677

imposer1678

charlatana1680

sham1683

cheat1687

hocus1692

gull1699

shamster1716

coal-blower1720

humbugger1752

gagger1781

fudge1794

humbug1804

potwalloper1820

twister1834

jackleg1844

fraud1850

bunyip1852

empiricist1854

Bayswater Captain1880

bluffer1888

putter-down1906

quandong1939

1602 F. Herring Discov. Stratagems in tr. J. Oberndorf Anatomyes True Physition 41 Laying open the Packe and Fardle of these circumferaneous Iugglers, and pedling Pettifoggers in Physicke.

1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 22 He had much better commit himself to an approved-of Cobler or Tinker,..than to be only a disesteemed Pettifogger, or Empyrick in Divinity.

1711 J. Puckle Club §215. 41 That such petty-foggers and retailers of news and politicks..should pretend to teach their rulers how to govern.

1738 J. Constable Conversat. of Gentlemen iii. 94 I have a good while since been convinced, how ridiculous it is in the Petty-Foggers at Learning, to charge them [sc. the ‘Monasticks’] so inconsiderately with a general Character of Ignorance.

1843 Subterranean 7 Nov. 2/1 Eight of them are pettifoggers of the meanest description.

1862 A. Gurowski Diary i. 159 Scheme what you like, you schemers, wiseacres, politicians, and would-be statesmen, nevertheless slavery is doomed. Humanity will have the best against such pettifoggers as you.

1933 Econ. Jrnl. 43 132 He..stresses what is important, wastes little time over pettifoggers and cavillers, and presents the main outline of his plan.

2002 Denver Post (Nexis) 14 May B6 The ranks of brain-dead pettifoggers for whom the letter of the law is all and the spirit is nothing.

†3. In the nail trade: a middleman. Cf. fogger n.¹ 3. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1871 A. S. Harvey in Good Words 12 610 A large proportion of the trade is in the hands of middlemen, called ‘foggers’,—those who truck being known as ‘pettifoggers’,—each of whom employs a certain number of nailmakers.

Derivatives

† pettifogger-like adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1729 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) I. 205 It is saucy, impertinent, unmannerly, and pettyfogger-like, to be making comparisons that are odious.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pettifoggern.²

Brit.

/ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡə/, U.S.

/ˈpɛdiˌfɔɡər/,

/ˈpɛdiˌfɑɡər/

Forms: 1800s– pettifogger, 1900s– piddifogger.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Cornish. Etymon: Cornish pidi vogar.

Etymology: Apparently < Cornish pidi vogar (c1700; of uncertain origin: perhaps related to pednvagas bushy-headed (one isolated attestation: see quot. 1938 at sense 2)), with folk-etymological alteration after pettifogger n.¹Compare English regional (Isles of Scilly) pettifox rockling.

English regional (Cornwall). rare.

1. A rockling.

ΚΠ

1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. 315 Pettifogger and baud are said to have been two local names in Cornwall for some species of Motella [sc. Rockling].

2. A sea anemone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > order Zoantharia > compound organism > member of

sea-anemone1742

pettifogger1938

1938 R. M. Nance New Cornish-English Dict. Penvagas (Late pednvagas), bush-headed, shock-headed, tufted;..three-bearded rockling (D. pettyfox); sea-anemone (D. piddifogger).

1963 R. M. Nance Gloss. Cornish Sea-words 125 Piddifogger, a sea-anemone. St. Just.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pettifogger
释义	pettifoggern.¹ Brit. /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡə/, U.S. /ˈpɛdiˌfɔɡər/, /ˈpɛdiˌfɑɡər/ Forms: 1500s petiefogger, 1500s petifogar, 1500s–1600s pettiefogger, 1500s–1700s petifogger, 1500s– pettifogger, 1600s petiuoguer (English regional (Cornwall)), 1600s–1700s pettyfoger, 1600s–1800s pettyfogger. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: petty adj., fogger n.¹ Etymology: < petty adj. + fogger n.¹ (see discussion at that entry). 1. Originally: an inferior legal practitioner who dealt with petty cases; formerly occasionally also as a professional name (see quot. 1688) (now historical). Hence: a lawyer who engages in petty quibbling and cavilling, or who employs dubious or underhanded legal practices; a lawyer who abuses the law. Usually derogatory. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > inferior, rascally, or shrewd fogger1564 pettifogger1564 long fifteen1611 leguleian1617 peatc1680 pettifog1721 Philadelphia lawyer1788 legal beagle1822 lawyerling1830 shyster1844 legal eagle1869 society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > lawyer dealing with specific type of business conveyancer1650 prerogative lawyer1681 pettifogger1688 crown lawyer1738 criminal lawyer1753 Crown solicitor1779 trial lawyer1929 1564 W. Bullein Dialogue against Fever Pestilence f. 12^v I knowe them verie well, thei are two pettifoggers in the lawe. 1569 J. Sanford tr. H. C. Agrippa Of Vanitie Artes & Sci. xciii. f. 164^v (side note) Thei which are among vs termed petie foggers haue this vice of Aduocates engraffed. 1576 A. Fleming tr. P. Manutius in Panoplie Epist. 320 As for this pettie fogger, this false fellowe that is in no credite or countenance. 1584 Copie of Let. conc. Erle of Leycester 196 A moste wicked promotor, and wretched petifogar, enriched him self by other mens ruynes. 1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good sig. C We must all turne pettifoggers, and in stead of gilt rapiers, hang buckram bags at our girdles. 1645 J. Milton Colasterion 17 A meer and arrant petti-fogger, who lately was so hardy, as to lay aside his buckram wallet, and make himself a fool in Print. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 63/2 Officers of the Palatinate Courts in Chester. Assizes..The Sollicitor. The Petty Fogers. Constable of the Castle [etc.]. a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) II. 255 No Clergyman..ought to be in the civil Magistracy, and as few Lawyers, at least Attorneys and Pettyfoggers, as may be. 1746 H. Walpole Corr. (1846) II. 142 He behaved so like an attorney the first day, and so like a pettifogger the second. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 118 He carried home with him all the knavish chicanery of the lowest pettifogger. 1841 T. B. Macaulay Warren Hastings in Edinb. Rev. Oct. 203 The ravenous pettifoggers who fattened on the misery and terror of an immense community. 1873 H. W. Longfellow Rhyme Sir Christopher in Aftermath i. 112 Morton of Merry Mount, That pettifogger from Furnival's Inn. 1968 All Eng. Law Rep. 2 578 A pettifogger might be tempted to thwart the obvious intention of Parliament. 1994 Duke Law Jrnl. 44 109 Proponents of a more onerous condition could play pettifogger by berating the judges for ‘narrowing’ the original condition. 2. A petty practitioner in any activity, a beginner, novice; esp. one who makes false claims to skill or knowledge, a charlatan, pretender. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > a charlatan, fraudster > [noun] shondc725 faitoura1340 fob1393 trumper?c1450 feature14.. chuffera1500 prowler1519 truphane1568 cozener1575 cogger1580 pretender1583 impostor1586 mountebank1589 sycophant?1589 foolmonger1593 affronter1598 assumer1600 knight (also lord, man, etc.) of gingerbread1602 pettifogger1602 budgeter1603 quacksalver1611 empiric1614 putter-off?1615 quack1638 stafador1638 saltimbanco1646 adventurer1648 fourbe1668 shammer1677 imposer1678 charlatana1680 sham1683 cheat1687 hocus1692 gull1699 shamster1716 coal-blower1720 humbugger1752 gagger1781 fudge1794 humbug1804 potwalloper1820 twister1834 jackleg1844 fraud1850 bunyip1852 empiricist1854 Bayswater Captain1880 bluffer1888 putter-down1906 quandong1939 1602 F. Herring Discov. Stratagems in tr. J. Oberndorf Anatomyes True Physition 41 Laying open the Packe and Fardle of these circumferaneous Iugglers, and pedling Pettifoggers in Physicke. 1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 22 He had much better commit himself to an approved-of Cobler or Tinker,..than to be only a disesteemed Pettifogger, or Empyrick in Divinity. 1711 J. Puckle Club §215. 41 That such petty-foggers and retailers of news and politicks..should pretend to teach their rulers how to govern. 1738 J. Constable Conversat. of Gentlemen iii. 94 I have a good while since been convinced, how ridiculous it is in the Petty-Foggers at Learning, to charge them [sc. the ‘Monasticks’] so inconsiderately with a general Character of Ignorance. 1843 Subterranean 7 Nov. 2/1 Eight of them are pettifoggers of the meanest description. 1862 A. Gurowski Diary i. 159 Scheme what you like, you schemers, wiseacres, politicians, and would-be statesmen, nevertheless slavery is doomed. Humanity will have the best against such pettifoggers as you. 1933 Econ. Jrnl. 43 132 He..stresses what is important, wastes little time over pettifoggers and cavillers, and presents the main outline of his plan. 2002 Denver Post (Nexis) 14 May B6 The ranks of brain-dead pettifoggers for whom the letter of the law is all and the spirit is nothing. †3. In the nail trade: a middleman. Cf. fogger n.¹ 3. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1871 A. S. Harvey in Good Words 12 610 A large proportion of the trade is in the hands of middlemen, called ‘foggers’,—those who truck being known as ‘pettifoggers’,—each of whom employs a certain number of nailmakers. Derivatives † pettifogger-like adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1729 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) I. 205 It is saucy, impertinent, unmannerly, and pettyfogger-like, to be making comparisons that are odious. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pettifoggern.² Brit. /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡə/, U.S. /ˈpɛdiˌfɔɡər/, /ˈpɛdiˌfɑɡər/ Forms: 1800s– pettifogger, 1900s– piddifogger. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Cornish. Etymon: Cornish pidi vogar. Etymology: Apparently < Cornish pidi vogar (c1700; of uncertain origin: perhaps related to pednvagas bushy-headed (one isolated attestation: see quot. 1938 at sense 2)), with folk-etymological alteration after pettifogger n.¹Compare English regional (Isles of Scilly) pettifox rockling. English regional (Cornwall). rare. 1. A rockling. ΚΠ 1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. 315 Pettifogger and baud are said to have been two local names in Cornwall for some species of Motella [sc. Rockling]. 2. A sea anemone. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Anthozoa Actinozoa > order Zoantharia > compound organism > member of sea-anemone1742 pettifogger1938 1938 R. M. Nance New Cornish-English Dict. Penvagas (Late pednvagas), bush-headed, shock-headed, tufted;..three-bearded rockling (D. pettyfox); sea-anemone (D. piddifogger). 1963 R. M. Nance Gloss. Cornish Sea-words 125 Piddifogger, a sea-anemone. St. Just. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1564n.²1880
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pettifoggern.1

Derivatives

pettifoggern.2

pettifoggern.¹

pettifoggern.²