perusev.

Brit.

/pəˈruːz/, U.S.

/pəˈruz/

Forms: late Middle English– peruse, 1500s–1600s pervse; also Scottish pre-1700 parewsse, pre-1700 paruse, pre-1700 perus, pre-1700 pervs, pre-1700 perwuys, 1900s– porose.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: per- prefix, use v.

Etymology: Apparently in both branches I. and II. < per- prefix + use v., perhaps formed independently in each. With branch I. compare post-classical Latin perusitare to use up, wear out (from 1364 in British sources). With branch II. compare Anglo-Norman peruser to examine (14th cent. in the Year Books of Edward II, of an examination of an individual before a panel). See also pervise v., and note on forms s.v.

†I. To use up.

1. transitive. To use up; to wear out through use; to exhaust. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to waste away > wear away or down > wear out

forweara1240

perusec1475

outweara1542

overwear1591

to work out1609

frazzlea1825

c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 18 Fees of bestes, and also fees of other stuffe perused, or otherwise occupied within the court and towching it.

1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 57 Saile twyne..Spent & perused in a voiage into Lumbardye.

1536 in J. Strype Cranmer (1694) ii. App. 26 Six and thirty old chysybils..some of them perused.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Qii/1 To Peruse, peruti.

II. To go through, examine.

a. transitive. To go through, deal with (a series of things or persons) one after another; to handle, examine, or deal with (a number of things) one by one. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > arrange in sequence or series [verb (transitive)] > deal with in order

peruse1479

1479 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 414 The Maire, first..to name and gyve his voice..,and after hym the Shiref, and so all the house perusid in the same, euery man to gyve his voice as shall please him.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxi^v Let the shepeherde..take all those [sheep] that nede any handling and put them in to the lyttell folde. And thus peruse them all tyll he haue done.

1637 T. Heywood Pleasant Dialogues & Dramma's 149 I gladly would peruse them one by one.

1669 J. Ray in J. Ray et al. Philos. Lett. (1718) 32 I have perused the dried Plants you sent me, and..added names to such as wanted.

a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) VIII. 76 Let us peruse the obligations that lay upon him [sc. Adam] as a man.

1844 Biblical Repertory Apr. 158 After carefully perusing such a series of arguments pro and contra, we frequently have to study the case with severe application.

1890 Dict. National Biogr. at Haddon, Walter He was one of the royal commissioners appointed to peruse the order of lessons throughout the year.

1985 M. Larson Pawns & Symbols viii. 195 That cool logical mind had been..perusing memories with rapid methodical thoroughness.

†b. transitive. To go through (a series) by name; to name or recount in order. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > list > [verb (transitive)]

telleOE

reckonc1175

titlea1325

reckonc1400

entitlec1430

recitea1475

recount1481

perusea1535

capitulate1566

recense1583

catalogue1598

item1601

renumerate1605

list1614

enumeratea1649

recenseate1657

cataloguize1820

to run down ——1833

reel1835

to call off1846

itemize1864

enumer1936

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > arrange in sequence or series [verb (transitive)] > deal with in order > name or recount in order

perusea1535

a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) i. xiii. sig. C.iiii^v It wer a long worke to peruse euery comfort that a man maye well take of tribulacion.

1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints ii. f. 33 I pray you peruse these sortes..one by one, and by course.

3. transitive. To examine in detail; to scrutinize, inspect, survey, oversee; to consider, to take heed of. Now also (influenced by sense 4c): to look over briefly or superficially; to browse.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > close examination, scrutiny > scrutinize [verb (transitive)]

through-seekOE

gropea1250

to search outa1382

ensearch1382

boltc1386

examinea1387

ransackc1390

ripea1400

search1409

overreach?a1425

considerc1425

perquirec1460

examec1480

peruse?1520

grounda1529

study1528

oversearch1532

perscrute1536

scrute1536

to go over ——1537

scan1548

examinate1560

rifle1566

to consider of1569

excuss1570

ripe1573

sift1573

sift1577

to pry into ——1581

dive1582

rub1591

explore1596

pervestigate1610

dissecta1631

profound1643

circumspect1667

scrutinize1671

perscrutatea1679

introspect1683

rummage1690

reconnoitre1740

scrutinate1742

to look through1744

scrutiny1755

parse1788

gun1819

cat-haul1840

vivisect1876

scour1882

microscope1888

tooth-comb1893

X-ray1896

comb1904

fine-tooth comb1949

?1520 Hendred's Pylgrymage of Man Kynd x. l. 8 Thenne if he duely these thre [sc. virtues] do peruse. He optayne shall the blysse by due enhabytaunce.

1526 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 234 That noe Hoggesheads be meddled with by the Trayhor untill that the said Groome-Grobber hath perused the same.

1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet v. iii. 74 Let me peruse this face.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) 47 These are niceties that become not those that peruse such a mystery.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 267 My self I then perus'd, and Limb by Limb Survey'd.

1701 (title) The arraignment, tryal, and condemnation of Captain William Kidd..Perused by the Judges and Council.

1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxi. 439 He..disdain'd reply; The bow perusing with exactest eye.

1798 C. Lamb Blank Verse 77 How did thine eye peruse him round and round, And hardly know him.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess ii. 26 At those high words, we, conscious of ourselves, Perused the matting.

1866 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighb. (1878) xiii. 252 By this time I had perused his person, his dress, and his countenance.

1911 Times 7 July 5/6 I think nine people out of ten who have perused the evidence would agree that it fully substantiates the conclusions.

2003 Mojo May 23/1 Romanek..perused Cash and wife June Carter's house for locations.

a. transitive. To examine or go through (a text) in detail in order to correct or check; to revise, reconsider, edit. Also: to read (a text) critically; to review, gloss, or set forth exegetically. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > discuss critically

examinec1384

peruse?1520

criticize1621

critize1631

criticize1660

critic1697

society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > practise textual criticism [verb (transitive)] > revise critically

renewa1456

peruse?1520

recognize1537

revise1545

recognosce1563

review1585

recense1716

?1520 Hendred's Pylgrymage of Man Kynd Prol. l. 79 Nowe to my purpose I wyll me apply. Groundely the prose to peruse and se.

1528 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. xiv. 249 [A committee] appoynted to pervse and oversee suche Bookes of Actes & ordynaunces as heretofore were given.

1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. i. i. f. i I wyll good reader peruse the remanaunt of hys booke after this fyrst part answered.

1551 S. Gardiner Explic. Catholique Fayth f. 76 Thus hauinge perused the effecte of the thyrde booke, I will likewise peruse the fourth.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xlij The Printers shall Print nothinge but the same shall be fyrste perused.

1604 F. Bacon Apol. in Wks. (1879) I. 440 It was perused, weighed, censured, altered, and made almost a new writing.

1652 H. Nicholas (title) Evangelium Regni. A joyfull message..set-fourth by H.N. and by him pervsed a-new and more-distinctlie declared.

1774 J. Woolman Jrnl. I. ii. 195 He perused the manuscript, proposed a few alterations, and appeared well satisfied that I found a concern on that account.

1821 J. Clare Let. c3 Apr. (1985) 177 Having perked up this afternoon I perused the proofs.

1891 Dict. National Biogr. at James, Thomas He moved that certain scholars be commissioned to peruse the patristic manuscripts..in order to detect the forgeries introduced by Roman Catholic editors.

1928 V. Sackville-West Aphra Behn iii. 118 A warrant was issued against ‘Mrs. Aphaw Behn’..for having written scandalous speeches without license or approbation of those that ought to peruse and authorise the same.

1998 M. Soames Speaking for Themselves (1999) xxviii. 632 He [sc. Churchill] always carefully perused and corrected the drafts, often supplying inimitable Winstonian touches.

†b. transitive. With over. To go back or look over (a text) again, or repeatedly; to reread in full; to pore over. Cf. to read over at read v. Phrasal verbs. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > from beginning to end

over-readOE

to read overc1380

pursuec1384

to see over ——1490

peruse1524

peruse1532

to read through1533

perlegate1598

to read out1646

1524 T. Carlis Let. 24 Apr. in T. Hearne Duo Rerum Anglicarum Scriptores (1732) II. 598 All whiche I have red and perused over at good laiser, and to the contents therof have made the Kinges highnes privey at lenght.

1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips xxx. 186 Let vs peruse ouer stories, and see and suche warres be not founde.

1579 R. Cox in W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue sig. *j^v Perusing ouer this little treatise.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. ii. 5 Perusing ore these notes.

1651 A. Weamys Contin. Sydney's Arcadia 17 He had no sooner perused it over, but that he wished it closed again.

1732 J. Clarke tr. M. Justinus Hist. Philippicæ (1735) p. xii The Original, which he has perused carefully over, comparing it Period by Period with the Translation.

c. transitive. To read through or over; (generally) to read. In later use also: to browse, skim. Also occasionally intransitive.Modern dictionaries and usage guides, perhaps influenced by the word's earlier history in English, have sometimes claimed that the only ‘correct’ usage is in reference to reading closely or thoroughly (cf. senses 4a, 4b). However, peruse has been a broad synonym for read since the 16th cent., encompassing both careful and cursory reading; Johnson defined and used it as such. The implication of leisureliness, cursoriness, or haste is therefore not a recent development, although it is usually found in less formal contexts and is less frequent in earlier use (see quot. 1589 for an early example). The specific sense of browsing or skimming emerged relatively recently, generally in ironic or humorous inversion of the formal sense of thoroughness. Cf. scan v. for a similar development and range of senses.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)]

readOE

turnc1300

see1379

revolve1485

peruse1532

supervise1541

society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > from beginning to end

over-readOE

to read overc1380

pursuec1384

to see over ——1490

peruse1524

peruse1532

to read through1533

perlegate1598

to read out1646

society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > travel about > and survey

perambulate1450

peruse1532

perlustrate1535

perlustrea1600

round1611

1532 T. Elyot Let. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxix Thei..doo peruse every daye one chapitre of the New Testament.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxviii. 45 An Epitaph is..pithie, quicke and sententious for the passer by to peruse, and iudge vpon without any long tariaunce.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. i. 1 Haue you perus'd the Letters from the Pope, The Emperor, and the Earle of Arminack?

1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 237 Should we peruse the stories and records of all times, we should find admirable instances in this weaker sexe for resisting the bold attempts of loose suiters.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 6 Having carefully perused the Journals of both Houses.

1759 S. Johnson Idler 13 Jan. 17/2 Whatever is common is despised. Advertisements are now so numerous that they are very negligently perused.

1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 122 Henry put the paper..into his hands, and waited..whilst he perused the case.

1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. xviii. 254 I have tried to peruse and learn all my life; but the more I try to know the more ignorant I seem.

1946 K. Amis Let. 7 Sept. (2000) 90 I am always incorrigibly interested in the behaviour of the ‘human animal’, and look forward to perusing divers effusions of your lively pen.

1981 J. Simon Paradigms Lost v. 88 Pick an issue at random and peruse it from cover to cover.

2003 Nation (N.Y.) 9 June 26/2 Perusing its promotional materials, you might get the idea the pharmaceutical industry is a nonprofit research operation out to save the human race.

†a. transitive. To go through (a place or series of places) observantly; to examine or scrutinize in the course of travelling. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1523 in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) IV. 38 I have also well perused and vewed this towne and castell.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxvi. hvi They them selfes wyll personally resorte & peruse all partes of the contrayes under their gouernaunce.

1549 W. Paget in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1860) V. 182 Make a progress this hot weather, till you have perused all those shires that have offended.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 67 This prouince I perused in the companie of my deere friend Sidi Iehie.

1662 in Dict. National Biogr. at Heydon, John When I seriously perused my nativity, I found the seventh house afflicted.

b. intransitive. To continue (a journey); to go from one place to another; to travel; to wander. In later use British regional and U.S. regional, and chiefly with about or around.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > go on a journey

ferec950

foundOE

sitheOE

to come upOE

comeOE

undernimc1275

to take or make (a, the, or one's) voyage1297

travelc1300

journeyc1330

to take one's waya1375

reisea1387

to fare a waya1400

voyage1477

wayfare1534

peregrinate1593

sojourn1608

to fare a voyage1609

to journey itc1680

to take one's foot in one's hand1755

stroke1823

trek1850

peruse1895

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xix. f. xxxv To peruse from house to house, tyll he come to saynt Magnus church.

1631 T. Drue Life Dutches of Suffolke i. sig. B3^v Her highnesse giues vs ioynt commission By vertue of this Patent to peruse, And clense the state of impious sectaries.

1853 Southern Literary Messenger Feb. 89/1 I asked Nash, what he was doing perusin around the country, and Nash said he was just perusin about the country to see the climit.

1887 F. T. Havergal Herefordshire Words (at cited word) Peruse, to explore the fields or woods.

1895 R. Kipling in Windsor Mag. 124 Unluckily, you cannot peruse about the Hugli without money.

1940 M. Haun Hawk's Done Gone viii. 153 ‘How are you all getting along?’ ‘We are perusing about. How about you and Mos?’

1997 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 5 July 16 Since before the war..we have been perusing around the Broomielaw like chust nothing but a gang of Flying Dutchmen.

Derivatives

peˈrused adj. read; (formerly also) †used up, worn out (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > worn out

perusedc1475

withered1488

laboured1535

outworn1597

worn-out1612

effete1662

frazzled1872

jacked-up1874

crocky1906

bummed1907

rim-racked1916

shot1933

beaten-up1941

beat-up1946

clapped1946

c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 83 If they be perused clothes, so that with honestye they will noe longer serve.

?1652 W. Prynne To Mr. I. Bradshaw 14 in New Discov. Free-state Tyranny (1655) An Oppressing Gardian, who..staid his perused Letters, and detained him, from Gods Ordinances against your Orders.

1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) I. Pref. p. xi Which will enable the Reader to connect in his mind the perused volume with that which follows.

1874 Appleton's Jrnl. 9 May 601/3 The manuscript is violently seized and energetically forced open, and a vigorous attempt made to eject the perused sheet from the pile.

1915 Living Age 24 Apr. 211/2 He read again for some hours,..until his tired eyes closed of themselves upon the perused pages.

2012 G. Duncan Talulla Rising vii. 42 Somewhere between hotel reruns of Friends and surreally perused Elles I'd gone to [a website].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	peruse
释义	perusen. Brit. /pəˈruːz/, U.S. /pəˈruz/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: peruse v. Etymology: < peruse v. Compare earlier perusing n. 1. Reading; examination, study; an instance of this.Apparently unattested between the early 17th and late 20th centuries. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > [noun] inspection1390 search1415 probationc1422 ensearchingc1430 surview1432 enserchise1436 overseeingc1449 sight1452 hearkeninga1483 discuting1483 ensearcha1509 inquiry1512 upsightc1515 perusing1556 perpending1558 overlooking1565 interview1567 trial1575 peruse1578 visitation1583 perspective?a1586 overviewing1590 looking over1599 sounding1599 perusal1604 supervise1604 disquisition1605 expiscation1605 prospect1625 ravellinga1626 disquiry1628 disquisitive1660 perpendment1667 inspecting1788 sleuthing1900 casing1928 society > education > learning > study > [noun] studyinglOE studyc1300 poring1340 study?1531 conning1553 revolving1555 peruse1578 cultivation1639 culture1687 industry1875 scholastic1895 studenting1922 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 1 The diligent peruse of this History of Bones. 1591 R. Southwell Marie Magdalens Funeral Teares f. 37^v I will pound these spices, and dwell a while in the peruse of thy resolute feruour. 1594 Zepheria xxxv. sig. F2 The flowred sweetes of euery blessednesse Which from thy beauties delicate peruse Incessantly doth flow. 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 358 The onely peruse of his bookes. 1992 Newsday (N.Y.) (Nexis) 5 Apr. 3 A peruse through police blotters and court dockets. 2003 Contra Coast Times (California) (Nexis) 26 Jan. 2 As if a peruse through ‘Fast Food Nation’ wasn't enough to turn your stomach. 2. Nautical slang. Perambulation, exploration; a look around while ashore, a ‘recce’. Now rare. ΚΠ 1859 F. L. M'Clintock Voy. ‘Fox’ iv. 58 Sailors use quaint expressions. The nightly foraging expeditions are called ‘sorties’..a ramble over the ice is called ‘a bit of a peruse’. I presume this indignity is offered to the word perambulation. 1905 N.E.D. (at cited word) Come for a bit of peruse, Jack. 1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 620/1 s.v. Peruse, a ‘look round’ ashore. 1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 210/1 Peruse,..a stroll, ramble. Come for a bit of a peruse; a favourite with the blue-jackets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). perusev. Brit. /pəˈruːz/, U.S. /pəˈruz/ Forms: late Middle English– peruse, 1500s–1600s pervse; also Scottish pre-1700 parewsse, pre-1700 paruse, pre-1700 perus, pre-1700 pervs, pre-1700 perwuys, 1900s– porose. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: per- prefix, use v. Etymology: Apparently in both branches I. and II. < per- prefix + use v., perhaps formed independently in each. With branch I. compare post-classical Latin perusitare to use up, wear out (from 1364 in British sources). With branch II. compare Anglo-Norman peruser to examine (14th cent. in the Year Books of Edward II, of an examination of an individual before a panel). See also pervise v., and note on forms s.v. †I. To use up. 1. transitive. To use up; to wear out through use; to exhaust. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to waste away > wear away or down > wear out forweara1240 perusec1475 outweara1542 overwear1591 to work out1609 frazzlea1825 c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 18 Fees of bestes, and also fees of other stuffe perused, or otherwise occupied within the court and towching it. 1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 57 Saile twyne..Spent & perused in a voiage into Lumbardye. 1536 in J. Strype Cranmer (1694) ii. App. 26 Six and thirty old chysybils..some of them perused. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Qii/1 To Peruse, peruti. II. To go through, examine. 2. a. transitive. To go through, deal with (a series of things or persons) one after another; to handle, examine, or deal with (a number of things) one by one. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > arrange in sequence or series [verb (transitive)] > deal with in order peruse1479 1479 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 414 The Maire, first..to name and gyve his voice..,and after hym the Shiref, and so all the house perusid in the same, euery man to gyve his voice as shall please him. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxi^v Let the shepeherde..take all those [sheep] that nede any handling and put them in to the lyttell folde. And thus peruse them all tyll he haue done. 1637 T. Heywood Pleasant Dialogues & Dramma's 149 I gladly would peruse them one by one. 1669 J. Ray in J. Ray et al. Philos. Lett. (1718) 32 I have perused the dried Plants you sent me, and..added names to such as wanted. a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) VIII. 76 Let us peruse the obligations that lay upon him [sc. Adam] as a man. 1844 Biblical Repertory Apr. 158 After carefully perusing such a series of arguments pro and contra, we frequently have to study the case with severe application. 1890 Dict. National Biogr. at Haddon, Walter He was one of the royal commissioners appointed to peruse the order of lessons throughout the year. 1985 M. Larson Pawns & Symbols viii. 195 That cool logical mind had been..perusing memories with rapid methodical thoroughness. †b. transitive. To go through (a series) by name; to name or recount in order. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > list > [verb (transitive)] telleOE reckonc1175 titlea1325 reckonc1400 entitlec1430 recitea1475 recount1481 perusea1535 capitulate1566 recense1583 catalogue1598 item1601 renumerate1605 list1614 enumeratea1649 recenseate1657 cataloguize1820 to run down ——1833 reel1835 to call off1846 itemize1864 enumer1936 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > arrange in sequence or series [verb (transitive)] > deal with in order > name or recount in order perusea1535 a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) i. xiii. sig. C.iiii^v It wer a long worke to peruse euery comfort that a man maye well take of tribulacion. 1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints ii. f. 33 I pray you peruse these sortes..one by one, and by course. 3. transitive. To examine in detail; to scrutinize, inspect, survey, oversee; to consider, to take heed of. Now also (influenced by sense 4c): to look over briefly or superficially; to browse. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > close examination, scrutiny > scrutinize [verb (transitive)] through-seekOE gropea1250 to search outa1382 ensearch1382 boltc1386 examinea1387 ransackc1390 ripea1400 search1409 overreach?a1425 considerc1425 perquirec1460 examec1480 peruse?1520 grounda1529 study1528 oversearch1532 perscrute1536 scrute1536 to go over ——1537 scan1548 examinate1560 rifle1566 to consider of1569 excuss1570 ripe1573 sift1573 sift1577 to pry into ——1581 dive1582 rub1591 explore1596 pervestigate1610 dissecta1631 profound1643 circumspect1667 scrutinize1671 perscrutatea1679 introspect1683 rummage1690 reconnoitre1740 scrutinate1742 to look through1744 scrutiny1755 parse1788 gun1819 cat-haul1840 vivisect1876 scour1882 microscope1888 tooth-comb1893 X-ray1896 comb1904 fine-tooth comb1949 ?1520 Hendred's Pylgrymage of Man Kynd x. l. 8 Thenne if he duely these thre [sc. virtues] do peruse. He optayne shall the blysse by due enhabytaunce. 1526 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 234 That noe Hoggesheads be meddled with by the Trayhor untill that the said Groome-Grobber hath perused the same. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet v. iii. 74 Let me peruse this face. View more context for this quotation 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) 47 These are niceties that become not those that peruse such a mystery. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 267 My self I then perus'd, and Limb by Limb Survey'd. View more context for this quotation 1701 (title) The arraignment, tryal, and condemnation of Captain William Kidd..Perused by the Judges and Council. 1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey V. xxi. 439 He..disdain'd reply; The bow perusing with exactest eye. 1798 C. Lamb Blank Verse 77 How did thine eye peruse him round and round, And hardly know him. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess ii. 26 At those high words, we, conscious of ourselves, Perused the matting. 1866 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighb. (1878) xiii. 252 By this time I had perused his person, his dress, and his countenance. 1911 Times 7 July 5/6 I think nine people out of ten who have perused the evidence would agree that it fully substantiates the conclusions. 2003 Mojo May 23/1 Romanek..perused Cash and wife June Carter's house for locations. 4. a. transitive. To examine or go through (a text) in detail in order to correct or check; to revise, reconsider, edit. Also: to read (a text) critically; to review, gloss, or set forth exegetically. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > discuss critically examinec1384 peruse?1520 criticize1621 critize1631 criticize1660 critic1697 society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > practise textual criticism [verb (transitive)] > revise critically renewa1456 peruse?1520 recognize1537 revise1545 recognosce1563 review1585 recense1716 ?1520 Hendred's Pylgrymage of Man Kynd Prol. l. 79 Nowe to my purpose I wyll me apply. Groundely the prose to peruse and se. 1528 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. xiv. 249 [A committee] appoynted to pervse and oversee suche Bookes of Actes & ordynaunces as heretofore were given. 1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. i. i. f. i I wyll good reader peruse the remanaunt of hys booke after this fyrst part answered. 1551 S. Gardiner Explic. Catholique Fayth f. 76 Thus hauinge perused the effecte of the thyrde booke, I will likewise peruse the fourth. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xlij The Printers shall Print nothinge but the same shall be fyrste perused. 1604 F. Bacon Apol. in Wks. (1879) I. 440 It was perused, weighed, censured, altered, and made almost a new writing. 1652 H. Nicholas (title) Evangelium Regni. A joyfull message..set-fourth by H.N. and by him pervsed a-new and more-distinctlie declared. 1774 J. Woolman Jrnl. I. ii. 195 He perused the manuscript, proposed a few alterations, and appeared well satisfied that I found a concern on that account. 1821 J. Clare Let. c3 Apr. (1985) 177 Having perked up this afternoon I perused the proofs. 1891 Dict. National Biogr. at James, Thomas He moved that certain scholars be commissioned to peruse the patristic manuscripts..in order to detect the forgeries introduced by Roman Catholic editors. 1928 V. Sackville-West Aphra Behn iii. 118 A warrant was issued against ‘Mrs. Aphaw Behn’..for having written scandalous speeches without license or approbation of those that ought to peruse and authorise the same. 1998 M. Soames Speaking for Themselves (1999) xxviii. 632 He [sc. Churchill] always carefully perused and corrected the drafts, often supplying inimitable Winstonian touches. †b. transitive. With over. To go back or look over (a text) again, or repeatedly; to reread in full; to pore over. Cf. to read over at read v. Phrasal verbs. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > from beginning to end over-readOE to read overc1380 pursuec1384 to see over ——1490 peruse1524 peruse1532 to read through1533 perlegate1598 to read out1646 1524 T. Carlis Let. 24 Apr. in T. Hearne Duo Rerum Anglicarum Scriptores (1732) II. 598 All whiche I have red and perused over at good laiser, and to the contents therof have made the Kinges highnes privey at lenght. 1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips xxx. 186 Let vs peruse ouer stories, and see and suche warres be not founde. 1579 R. Cox in W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue sig. j^v Perusing ouer this little treatise. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John* (1623) v. ii. 5 Perusing ore these notes. View more context for this quotation 1651 A. Weamys Contin. Sydney's Arcadia 17 He had no sooner perused it over, but that he wished it closed again. 1732 J. Clarke tr. M. Justinus Hist. Philippicæ (1735) p. xii The Original, which he has perused carefully over, comparing it Period by Period with the Translation. c. transitive. To read through or over; (generally) to read. In later use also: to browse, skim. Also occasionally intransitive.Modern dictionaries and usage guides, perhaps influenced by the word's earlier history in English, have sometimes claimed that the only ‘correct’ usage is in reference to reading closely or thoroughly (cf. senses 4a, 4b). However, peruse has been a broad synonym for read since the 16th cent., encompassing both careful and cursory reading; Johnson defined and used it as such. The implication of leisureliness, cursoriness, or haste is therefore not a recent development, although it is usually found in less formal contexts and is less frequent in earlier use (see quot. 1589 for an early example). The specific sense of browsing or skimming emerged relatively recently, generally in ironic or humorous inversion of the formal sense of thoroughness. Cf. scan v. for a similar development and range of senses. ΘΚΠ society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] readOE turnc1300 see1379 revolve1485 peruse1532 supervise1541 society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > from beginning to end over-readOE to read overc1380 pursuec1384 to see over ——1490 peruse1524 peruse1532 to read through1533 perlegate1598 to read out1646 society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > travel about > and survey perambulate1450 peruse1532 perlustrate1535 perlustrea1600 round1611 1532 T. Elyot Let. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxix Thei..doo peruse every daye one chapitre of the New Testament. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxviii. 45 An Epitaph is..pithie, quicke and sententious for the passer by to peruse, and iudge vpon without any long tariaunce. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. i. 1 Haue you perus'd the Letters from the Pope, The Emperor, and the Earle of Arminack? View more context for this quotation 1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 237 Should we peruse the stories and records of all times, we should find admirable instances in this weaker sexe for resisting the bold attempts of loose suiters. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 6 Having carefully perused the Journals of both Houses. 1759 S. Johnson Idler 13 Jan. 17/2 Whatever is common is despised. Advertisements are now so numerous that they are very negligently perused. 1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 122 Henry put the paper..into his hands, and waited..whilst he perused the case. 1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. xviii. 254 I have tried to peruse and learn all my life; but the more I try to know the more ignorant I seem. 1946 K. Amis Let. 7 Sept. (2000) 90 I am always incorrigibly interested in the behaviour of the ‘human animal’, and look forward to perusing divers effusions of your lively pen. 1981 J. Simon Paradigms Lost v. 88 Pick an issue at random and peruse it from cover to cover. 2003 Nation (N.Y.) 9 June 26/2 Perusing its promotional materials, you might get the idea the pharmaceutical industry is a nonprofit research operation out to save the human race. 5. †a. transitive. To go through (a place or series of places) observantly; to examine or scrutinize in the course of travelling. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1523 in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) IV. 38 I have also well perused and vewed this towne and castell. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxvi. hvi They them selfes wyll personally resorte & peruse all partes of the contrayes under their gouernaunce. 1549 W. Paget in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1860) V. 182 Make a progress this hot weather, till you have perused all those shires that have offended. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 67 This prouince I perused in the companie of my deere friend Sidi Iehie. 1662 in Dict. National Biogr. at Heydon, John When I seriously perused my nativity, I found the seventh house afflicted. b. intransitive. To continue (a journey); to go from one place to another; to travel; to wander. In later use British regional and U.S. regional, and chiefly with about or around. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > go on a journey ferec950 foundOE sitheOE to come upOE comeOE undernimc1275 to take or make (a, the, or one's) voyage1297 travelc1300 journeyc1330 to take one's waya1375 reisea1387 to fare a waya1400 voyage1477 wayfare1534 peregrinate1593 sojourn1608 to fare a voyage1609 to journey itc1680 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 stroke1823 trek1850 peruse1895 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xix. f. xxxv To peruse from house to house, tyll he come to saynt Magnus church. 1631 T. Drue Life Dutches of Suffolke i. sig. B3^v Her highnesse giues vs ioynt commission By vertue of this Patent to peruse, And clense the state of impious sectaries. 1853 Southern Literary Messenger Feb. 89/1 I asked Nash, what he was doing perusin around the country, and Nash said he was just perusin about the country to see the climit. 1887 F. T. Havergal Herefordshire Words (at cited word) Peruse, to explore the fields or woods. 1895 R. Kipling in Windsor Mag. 124 Unluckily, you cannot peruse about the Hugli without money. 1940 M. Haun Hawk's Done Gone viii. 153 ‘How are you all getting along?’ ‘We are perusing about. How about you and Mos?’ 1997 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 5 July 16 Since before the war..we have been perusing around the Broomielaw like chust nothing but a gang of Flying Dutchmen. Derivatives peˈrused adj. read; (formerly also) †used up, worn out (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > worn out perusedc1475 withered1488 laboured1535 outworn1597 worn-out1612 effete1662 frazzled1872 jacked-up1874 crocky1906 bummed1907 rim-racked1916 shot1933 beaten-up1941 beat-up1946 clapped1946 c1475 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Harl. 642) (1790) 83 If they be perused clothes, so that with honestye they will noe longer serve. ?1652 W. Prynne To Mr. I. Bradshaw 14 in New Discov. Free-state Tyranny (1655) An Oppressing Gardian, who..staid his perused Letters, and detained him, from Gods Ordinances against your Orders. 1751 S. Richardson Clarissa (ed. 3) I. Pref. p. xi Which will enable the Reader to connect in his mind the perused volume with that which follows. 1874 Appleton's Jrnl. 9 May 601/3 The manuscript is violently seized and energetically forced open, and a vigorous attempt made to eject the perused sheet from the pile. 1915 Living Age 24 Apr. 211/2 He read again for some hours,..until his tired eyes closed of themselves upon the perused pages. 2012 G. Duncan Talulla Rising vii. 42 Somewhere between hotel reruns of Friends and surreally perused Elles I'd gone to [a website]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1578v.c1475
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perusen.

perusev.

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