photolithographyn.
/ˌfəʊtəʊlᵻˈθɒɡrəfi/, U.S. /ˌfoʊdoʊləˈθɑɡrəfi/ 1. Printing. Lithography in which the image is photographically transferred to the printing surface; esp. a planographic printing process using plates prepared from photographic negatives, usually printed by offset methods.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > photomechanical or process printing > [noun] > photolithography
lithophotography1854
photolithography1856
papyrograph1878
photolitho1890
papyrotint1897
lithoprinting1947
1856 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. II. Index Photolithography.
1859 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 1854–8 6 328 Specimens of photo-lithography executed by Mr. Rehn of Philadelphia.
1875 tr. H. W. Vogel Chem. Light & Photogr. xv. 251 Photography..entered into competition with lithography. It was Poitevin who allied the two by inventing photo-lithography.
1948 Sci. News 7 100 Photographic prints on metal are the basis of another major industry—photo-lithography—and here again war-time researches have made possible considerable simplifications in the working procedures.
1966 Listener 22 Sept. 422/3 The two [books]..have now reappeared, beautifully reproduced by modern photo-lithography.
1972 Guardian 25 Nov. 14/3 Photo~lithography is ousting other methods [of making prints] in the commercial market.
1991 F. Spalding Dance till Stars come Down (BNC) 150 The combination of photolithography and the new Plastocowell process used in producing the cover did Minton's colour sense full justice.
2. Manufacturing Technology and Electronics. A photoetching process in which a photograph or photomask is used in transferring the pattern to the photoresist, used esp. in the making of integrated circuits.
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1966 Microelectronics & Reliability 5 337/1 Photolithography is used to etch windows for diffusion through a masking layer of silicon oxide.
1986 P. W. Barth in R. Loxton & P. Pope Instrumentation xii. 104/1 Planar technology comprises the arsenal of techniques developed for integrated-circuit fabrication..including photolithography.
1997 New Scientist 5 July 7/1 Micromachining silicon and metal, using techniques such as photolithography, will allow engineers to fashion tiny components that can be assembled into motors, pumps and other mechanical devices.
2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. xi. 430 A pattern, typically of grooves one or two nanometres wide and a fraction of a nanometer in depth, is made by photolithography (as practised in microcircuit fabrication).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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