piquen.¹

Brit.

/piːk/, U.S.

/pik/

Forms: 1500s peake, 1500s picke, 1500s pyke, 1500s–1600s pike, 1600s peak, 1600s peeke, 1600s peike, 1600s pieque, 1600s–1700s peek, 1600s–1700s pick, 1600s–1700s picque, 1600s– pique, 1700s pyck; Scottish pre-1700 peek, pre-1700 peik, pre-1700 peike, pre-1700 pik, pre-1700 pyk, pre-1700 1700s– pick, 1700s– pique, 1900s– pikk (Shetland), 1900s– pyke (Aberdeenshire); also Irish English (northern) 1900s– pick.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pique.

Etymology: < Middle French pique quarrel, resentment (a1500; French pique ) < piquer to prick, pierce, sting (see pick v.¹; compare pique v.²). Compare Old Occitan, Occitan pica quarrel, discord (1303). Compare also early modern Dutch pīke, pijc (1573; Dutch pik), German Pik, Pick (17th cent.), Swedish pik (first half of the 17th cent.), all ultimately < French.

1. A quarrel or feeling of enmity between two or more people, countries, etc.; ill feeling, animosity. In early use frequently † in pique.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > [noun]

heteeOE

nitheeOE

fiendshipc900

hatingOE

hatec1175

loathnessc1175

foeshipa1200

hatreda1225

foredenc1275

bitterhead1340

enmityc1380

bitternessa1382

haynec1386

enemy1398

heart-burningc1425

affection1485

dislovea1533

pique1532

haturea1563

animosity1568

foehood?1578

animoseness1730

hard feeling1803

dispeace1825

needle1874

bad mind1939

the mind > emotion > hatred > quarrel or falling out > [noun] > personal quarrel

pique1532

society > society and the community > dissent > quarrel or quarrelling > [noun] > a quarrel

controversy1448

tencion?1473

brulyie1531

pique1532

feudc1565

quarrel1566

jar1583

controverse1596

brack1600

outcast1620

rixation1623

controversarya1635

simultya1637

outfall1647

outfallingc1650

controversion1658

démêlé1661

embroilment1667

strut1677

risse1684

rubber1688

fray1702

brulyiement1718

fallout1725

tossa1732

embroil1742

ding-dong?1760

pilget1777

fratch1805

spar1836

splutter1838

bust-up1842

whid1847

chip1854

kass-kass1873

wap1887

run-in1894

go-round1898

blue1943

hassle1945

square-up?1949

ruck1958

1532 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 349 Which Edmond Knightley hathe..trauayled..to sett pyke betwene the sayd ladye and the executors.

1540 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) VIII. 464 There were some that wolde be right gladde to here Your Majestie and He were in picke togythers.

1596 in A. Collins Lett. & Mem. State (1746) II. 21 They are in Picke against these.

1619 J. Chamberlain Let. 20 Nov. in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) II. 195 But I hear there is a new pique fallen out.

1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 267 Between entirest friends,..sometimes little peeks of coldness may appear.

1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 92 Because of a Pique that had been between the Abbots and Bishop Laud.

1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 30 Aug. (1965) I. 257 Ladys are not wanting on their side in cherishing and improving these important piques, which divides the Town allmost into as many partys as there are familys.

1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances I. xlviii. 81 We should behave well to our Friends out of Love, and to our Enemies out of Picque.

1766 O. Goldsmith Elegy Mad Dog in Vicar of Wakefield I. 175 This dog and man at first were friends; But when a pique began, The dog..Went mad, and bit the man.

1869 L. M. Alcott Little Women II. v. 64 Be the first to ask pardon if you both err, and guard against the little piques, misunderstandings, and hasty words.

1901 Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 448 The king's resentment at this seemed due to nothing much more than personal pique between George II and his brother-in-law Frederick William.

1997 India Abroad (Nexis) 14 Nov. 2 The pique between India and the U.S..long stood in the way of realizing the broad range of compatibilities that underlyingly have always existed between these two countries.

2. (A feeling of) anger, irritation, or resentment, resulting from a slight or injury, esp. to one's pride; offence taken. Now esp. in fit of pique.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > [noun] > fit of

wratha1200

pique1551

snuff1592

stumble1675

huff1757

cream puff1985

1551 King Edward VI Jrnl. in Lit. Remains (1857) II. 342 He was willed no more to move thes pikes.., in wich he had ben often aunswerid, without commission.

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. E2 You take the graue peake vppon you too much.

1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant ii. i. 20 Pray, my Lord, take no picque at it.

1676 A. Marvell Mr. Smirke sig. H4^v He..bore a great pique at Alexander, for he having been preferr'd before him to the See of Alexandria.

1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide xi. vi. 79 Poor Stephen, went suddenly forth in a Pique, And push'd off his Boat for the Stygian Creek.

1776 H. Cowley Runaway II. iv. 28 Fye! that air of pique is enough to ruin all.

1811 J. Austen Sense & Sensibility II. ii. 30 ‘'Tis because you are an indifferent person,’ said Lucy, with some pique, and laying a particular stress on those words.

1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. ix. 406 A Bishop who had turned monk in a momentary fit of pique.

1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders ix. 82 I did not learn..what was the pick that the Black Smugglers had taken at the Maxwells.

1904 S. R. Crockett Strong Mac ix. 65 I thocht she had a pick at him.

a1944 K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) xii. 78 The letter dispelled my pique.

1998 Odds On June 24/1 Jockey Richard Guest..huffed off in a fit of pique after being accused of taking it a little too easily on one of his mounts.

†3. pique of honour n. a matter vitally affecting one's honour; a point of honour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > honourableness > [noun] > point of honour

point of honour1592

pundonora1648

pique of honour1687

1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther iii. 95 Add long prescription of establish'd laws, And picque of honour to maintain a cause.

1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) V. 272 The love of his country and of the public good..would not permit him..to abandon its service through any pique of honour, or personal discontent.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

piquen.²

Brit.

/piːk/, U.S.

/pik/

Forms: 1600s pickque, 1600s picy (transmission error), 1600s–1700s picque, 1700s– pique.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pic.

Etymology: < French pic (1585 in Middle French; 1501 as picq in sense ‘piquet’), apparently a transferred use of pic prick, sting (see pike n.¹).

Piquet.

The winning of thirty points on cards and play before one's opponent scores anything, for which a further thirty points is awarded. Cf. repique n. Also figurative.The dealer cannot score a pique since the non-dealer scores a point for leading.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > piquet > [noun] > score

capot1651

pique1668

repique1668

picy1674

point1719

1668 W. Temple Let. to Ld. Arlington in Wks. (1731) II. 93 In their Audiences..the Cards commonly run high, and all is Picque and Repicque between them.

1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester vi. 81 The youngers Blank shall bar the former and hinder his Picq and Repicq [printed Picy and Repicy].

1705 J. Vanbrugh Confederacy iii. 37 Pique and repique, you Jade you: If the Wives will fall into a good Intelligence.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Picquet If he can make up 30, part in hand and part by play, e'er the other has told any thing, he reckons them 60.—And this is call'd a Picque. Whence the Name of the Game.

1830 R. Hardie Hoyle made Familiar 49 Carte-blanche counts first, and consequently saves piques and repiques.

1861 Macmillan's Mag. Dec. 137 Certain extraordinary chances which affect the scoring in this game [sc. piquet]..are four, the carte blanche, the repique, the pique, and the capote.

1910 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 638/1 A pique can only be made by the elder hand, as the one he reckons in play when he leads his first card counts before points subsequently made in play by the younger hand.

1990 D. Parlett Hist. Card Games (1991) 179 A bonus of 30 for pique is credited to the elder if he reaches 30 for combinations and tricks before the younger has made anything at all.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† piquen.³

Origin: Either (i) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: pica n.²; Latin pica.

Etymology: < pica n.² or its etymon post-classical Latin pica.

Obsolete. rare.

= pica n.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered nutrition > [noun] > depraved appetite

pica1563

green sickness1596

malacia1656

pique1678

dirt-eating1817

geophagy1821

earth hunger1857

geophagia1863

coprophagy1891

parorexia1897

coprophagia1906

trichophagia1909

trichophagy1963

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 140 Though it have, the Pique, and long, 'Tis still for something in the wrong: As Women long.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

† piquen.⁴

Forms: 1700s pico, 1700s–1800s pique.

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish pique.

Etymology: < Spanish pique (1608 or earlier) < Central Quechua piki. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pī·ke, pīk) /ˈpiːkeɪ/, /piːk/.

Obsolete.

1. The chigger or chigoe, Tunga penetrans; = nigua n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Siphonaptera or fleas > [noun] > pulex or sarcopsylla penetrans (chigoe)

nigua1555

chigoe1708

pique1748

red-buga1750

jigger flea1756

trigera1757

sand flea1796

tungua1815

1748 tr. P. Lozano True Relation Earthquake Lima (ed. 2) iii. 216 A..little Insect, call'd Pico, which gets insensibly into the Feet.

1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. I. i. vii. 66 The insect of Carthagena called nigua, and in Peru, pique, is shaped like a flea.

1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. iv. 106 I am speaking of the celebrated Chigoe or Jiggers, called also..Pique.

1869 Amer. Naturalist 2 644 One of the most serious insect torments of the tropics of America is the Sarcopsylla penetrans, called by the natives the Jigger, Chigoe, Bicho, Chique, or Pique.

1875 G. Hartwig & A. H. Guernsey Polar & Trop. Worlds (new ed.) 585 The Chegoe, Pique, or Jigger of the West Indies (Pulex penetrans), is another great torment of the hot countries of America.

2. A kind of soft tick. rare.The identity of the tick referred to in quot. 1890 is uncertain; Argas is a genus of soft ticks, but no Argas nigra is recognized.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pique, a blind tick, Argas nigra, capable of causing painful sores on cattle and men.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

piquev.¹

Brit.

/piːk/, U.S.

/pik/

Forms: 1600s picque, 1600s pickquet (past participle), 1700s– pique.

Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: pique n.²; French pic.

Etymology: Either < pique n.² (although this is first attested slightly later) or its etymon French pic.

Piquet. Now rare.

1. transitive. To score a pique against or win a pique from (one's opponent). Cf. repique v. 1a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > piquet > [verb (transitive)] > score

capot1651

pique1659

repique1659

rubicon1881

1659 H. Neville Shufling, Cutting, & Dealing 8 I was Pickquet the last, but am now repickqt.

1668 J. Dryden Sr Martin Mar-all i. 5 If I go to Picquet, though it be but with a Novice in't, he will picque and repicque, and Capot me twenty times together.

1699 T. D'Urfey Famous Hist. Rise & Fall Massaniello (1700) ii. iv. ii. 35 The Fryer took him for a Fool: He piqu'd, and repiqu'd him so oft.

1745 E. Hoyle Short Treat. Game Piquet 53 Chart-blanche counts first, and consequently saves Piques and Repiques: It also piques and repiques the Adversary in the same manner.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy I. x. 250 He hazarded every thing for the chance of piqueing, repiqueing, or capotting his adversary.

1910 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 638/2 A player who reckons nothing that hand as a penalty is not piqued or repiqued if he holds any cards which, but for the penalty, would have reckoned before his adversary reached thirty.

†2. intransitive. To score a pique. Cf. repique v. 1b. Obsolete. rare.With quot. 1706 cf. transitive use at 1699 at sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > piquet > [verb (intransitive)] > score

pique1706

repique1706

1706 in H. Playford Wit & Mirth (new ed.) IV. 55 He piqu'd, and repiqu'd so oft.

1895 J. C. Snaith Dorothy Marvin vi The mysteries..of piqueing, repiqueing and capotting.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

piquev.²

Brit.

/piːk/, U.S.

/pik/

Forms: 1600s–1700s picque, 1600s– pique, 1700s– peak (now nonstandard).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French piquer.

Etymology: < French piquer to anger, annoy (1458 in Middle French), (reflexive) to get angry (c1590 in Middle French), to stimulate, provoke (1615), (reflexive) to take pride in, boast about (1623), specific uses of piquer to prick, pierce, sting (see pick v.¹). Compare Occitan picar (reflexive) to be offended, Italian piccare (reflexive) to be offended (a1342), to anger, provoke (1611), (reflexive) to pride oneself in (1615), Spanish picar to anger, provoke, (reflexive) to be offended, to pride oneself in (a1496 in the latter sense).

†1. intransitive. To express resentment, jealousy, etc. (at a person); to lose one's temper, throw a tantrum. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > be or become irritated [verb (intransitive)]

enchafec1380

fume and chafec1522

chafe1525

to fret and fume1551

rankle1582

to lose patience, one's temper1622

pique1664

to have no patience with1682

ruffle1719

to be out of the way (with)1740

echinate1792

nettle1810

to get one's dander up1831

to set up one's jay-feathers1880

hackle1935

to get off one's bike1939

the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)] > show indignation or resentment

bridlea1475

bristle1549

muzzle1581

snarl1597

pique1664

growl1706

to bridle up1709

grrra1963

to give attitude1975

1664 J. Wilson Cheats Epil. 78 If you must lash out, And think you can't Be wits yourselves, unless you pique, and rant.

1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 53 Women of the Play-house, still Piquing at each other, who shall go the best Drest.

2. transitive. To wound the pride of, irritate, or offend; to make resentful.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be indignant at or resent [verb (transitive)] > excite to indignation or resentment

grieve1362

disdain1530

stomach1596

rufflea1616

disoblige1632

pique1671

huff1793

miff1811

umbragea1894

dudgeon1906

1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 103 You think you picque him wittily, when you say, ‘any thing in Scripture that makes for you, call it ordinary; and what doth not please, is extraordinary’.

1673 W. Perwich Despatches (1903) 264 The gentry..are malcontents..being all piqued against the C. de Monterei.

1733 A. Pope Of Use of Riches 18 The Dev'l was piqu'd, such saintship to behold.

1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. ii. 76 She..piques our pride, and offends our judgment.

1817 J. Austen Sanditon vii, in Minor Wks. (1954) 398 His chusing to walk with her, she had learnt to understand. It was done to pique Miss Brereton.

1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. at Peak ‘He's peaked about somewhat.’

1900 S. R. Crockett Love Idylls (1901) 27 Bell's saucily unconscious air of command piqued him.

1993 N.Y. Times Mag. 21 Mar. 53/1 France..sold itself as a friend of poor nations and learned to display its independence..by piquing Washington.

3. transitive (reflexive). To take pride in or congratulate oneself on. Also with at, in. Occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > be or become proud [verb (reflexive)]

wlenchc1200

pridea1275

enhancec1380

empride1435

brave1581

prune1598

plume1643

value1648

pique1684

bepride1690

hump1835

tumefy1837

preen1880

to be all over oneself1910

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete with [verb (transitive)] > with ill feeling

pique1684

1684 J. Dryden tr. L. Maimbourg Hist. of League 89 The King of Navarre..piqu'd himself extremely upon the point of generosity.

1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §105. 123 They may take pleasure and pique themselves in being Kind, liberal, and civil to others.

1705 A. Pope Let. 23 June in Corr. (1956) I. 9 Men, who are thought to pique themselves upon their Wit.

1773 J. Boswell Jrnl. 10 Sept. in Jrnl. Tour Hebrides (1785) 192 We..piqued ourselves at not being outdone at the nightly ball by our less active friends.

1811 J. Austen Sense & Sensibility I. vii. 73 Lady Middleton piqued herself upon the elegance of her table, and of all her domestic arrangements.

1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 June 1/3 Temperance reformers who are wont to pique on the progress of the cause in the colonies.

1904 J. Conrad Nostromo i. vii. 75 A great man of another sort,..who piqued himself on his culture and Europeanism generally in a rather French style.

1993 Daily Tel. 18 Jan. 19/3 He also piqued himself on his keen sense of what was singable.

a. transitive. To stimulate or provoke (a person) to action, esp. by arousing jealousy, etc.; to arouse (a feeling, esp. curiosity or interest). Occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)]

astirc1000

stir?c1225

araisec1374

entalentc1374

flamec1380

reara1382

raisec1384

commove1393

kindlea1400

fluster1422

esmove1474

talent1486

heavec1540

erect?1555

inflame1560

to set on gog1560

yark1565

tickle1567

flesh1573

concitate1574

rouse1574

warmc1580

agitate1587

spirit1598

suscitate1598

fermentate1599

nettle1599

startle1602

worka1616

exagitate1621

foment1621

flush1633

exacuatea1637

ferment1667

to work up1681

pique1697

electrify1748

rattle1781

pump1791

to touch up1796

excite1821

to key up1835

to steam up1909

jazz1916

steam1922

volt1930

whee1949

to fire up1976

geek1984

the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion

rearOE

arear?c1225

annoyc1300

movea1325

excite1393

raisea1400

lighta1413

stirc1430

provokec1450

provocate?a1475

rendera1522

to stir upc1530

excitate?1549

inspire1576

yield1576

to turn up1579

rouse1589

urge1594

incense1598

upraisea1600

upreara1600

irritate1612

awakena1616

recreate1643

pique1697

arouse1730

unlull1743

energize1753

evocate1827

evoke1856

vibe1977

the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)] > arouse indignation or resentment

offendc1425

ranklea1450

to give (also cause, etc.) offence to1560

to give (‥) umbrage1620

pique1697

1697 J. Vanbrugh Provok'd Wife i. 5 My Husbands barbarous usage piques me to revenge.

1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 163. ⁋5 Every Verse hath something in it that piques.

1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 118 Her vanity..prompted her, to pique the Prince's attention.

1848 A. Brontë Tenant of Wildfell Hall I. vii. 126 It was still..her earnestness and keenness that piqued my fancy.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xiv. 237 As nature, to pique the more, sometimes works up deformities into beauty.

1870 H. Smart Race for Wife i. 7 You have piqued my woman's curiosity.

1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love i. 11 Then her interest was piqued. Here was something not quite so preconcluded.

1994 Harper's Mag. Apr. 85/1 Bia, it turned out, was crazy for Greta Garbo, piqued by her high cheekbones, moist eyes, and world-weary manner.

2002 Art Q. Autumn 56/1 The chance to observe a world-famous artist through the keyhole cannot help but pique curiosity.

†b. transitive (reflexive). To excite or arouse oneself. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > be or become excited [verb (reflexive)]

movec1300

to fire up1654

work1732

pique1749

hyped1938

1749 Visct. Bolingbroke Lett. Spirit Patriotism 18 Fortune maintains a kind of rivalship with wisdom, and piques herself often in favour of fools as well as knaves.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iii. iv. 168 Peaking himself into flame of irritancy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1532

n.²1668

n.³1678

n.⁴1748

v.¹1659

v.²1664

单词	pique
释义	piquen.¹ Brit. /piːk/, U.S. /pik/ Forms: 1500s peake, 1500s picke, 1500s pyke, 1500s–1600s pike, 1600s peak, 1600s peeke, 1600s peike, 1600s pieque, 1600s–1700s peek, 1600s–1700s pick, 1600s–1700s picque, 1600s– pique, 1700s pyck; Scottish pre-1700 peek, pre-1700 peik, pre-1700 peike, pre-1700 pik, pre-1700 pyk, pre-1700 1700s– pick, 1700s– pique, 1900s– pikk (Shetland), 1900s– pyke (Aberdeenshire); also Irish English (northern) 1900s– pick. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pique. Etymology: < Middle French pique quarrel, resentment (a1500; French pique ) < piquer to prick, pierce, sting (see pick v.¹; compare pique v.²). Compare Old Occitan, Occitan pica quarrel, discord (1303). Compare also early modern Dutch pīke, pijc (1573; Dutch pik), German Pik, Pick (17th cent.), Swedish pik (first half of the 17th cent.), all ultimately < French. 1. A quarrel or feeling of enmity between two or more people, countries, etc.; ill feeling, animosity. In early use frequently † in pique. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > [noun] heteeOE nitheeOE fiendshipc900 hatingOE hatec1175 loathnessc1175 foeshipa1200 hatreda1225 foredenc1275 bitterhead1340 enmityc1380 bitternessa1382 haynec1386 enemy1398 heart-burningc1425 affection1485 dislovea1533 pique1532 haturea1563 animosity1568 foehood?1578 animoseness1730 hard feeling1803 dispeace1825 needle1874 bad mind1939 the mind > emotion > hatred > quarrel or falling out > [noun] > personal quarrel pique1532 society > society and the community > dissent > quarrel or quarrelling > [noun] > a quarrel controversy1448 tencion?1473 brulyie1531 pique1532 feudc1565 quarrel1566 jar1583 controverse1596 brack1600 outcast1620 rixation1623 controversarya1635 simultya1637 outfall1647 outfallingc1650 controversion1658 démêlé1661 embroilment1667 strut1677 risse1684 rubber1688 fray1702 brulyiement1718 fallout1725 tossa1732 embroil1742 ding-dong?1760 pilget1777 fratch1805 spar1836 splutter1838 bust-up1842 whid1847 chip1854 kass-kass1873 wap1887 run-in1894 go-round1898 blue1943 hassle1945 square-up?1949 ruck1958 1532 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 349 Which Edmond Knightley hathe..trauayled..to sett pyke betwene the sayd ladye and the executors. 1540 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) VIII. 464 There were some that wolde be right gladde to here Your Majestie and He were in picke togythers. 1596 in A. Collins Lett. & Mem. State (1746) II. 21 They are in Picke against these. 1619 J. Chamberlain Let. 20 Nov. in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) II. 195 But I hear there is a new pique fallen out. 1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 267 Between entirest friends,..sometimes little peeks of coldness may appear. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 92 Because of a Pique that had been between the Abbots and Bishop Laud. 1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 30 Aug. (1965) I. 257 Ladys are not wanting on their side in cherishing and improving these important piques, which divides the Town allmost into as many partys as there are familys. 1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances I. xlviii. 81 We should behave well to our Friends out of Love, and to our Enemies out of Picque. 1766 O. Goldsmith Elegy Mad Dog in Vicar of Wakefield I. 175 This dog and man at first were friends; But when a pique began, The dog..Went mad, and bit the man. 1869 L. M. Alcott Little Women II. v. 64 Be the first to ask pardon if you both err, and guard against the little piques, misunderstandings, and hasty words. 1901 Eng. Hist. Rev. 16 448 The king's resentment at this seemed due to nothing much more than personal pique between George II and his brother-in-law Frederick William. 1997 India Abroad (Nexis) 14 Nov. 2 The pique between India and the U.S..long stood in the way of realizing the broad range of compatibilities that underlyingly have always existed between these two countries. 2. (A feeling of) anger, irritation, or resentment, resulting from a slight or injury, esp. to one's pride; offence taken. Now esp. in fit of pique. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > [noun] > fit of wratha1200 pique1551 snuff1592 stumble1675 huff1757 cream puff1985 1551 King Edward VI Jrnl. in Lit. Remains (1857) II. 342 He was willed no more to move thes pikes.., in wich he had ben often aunswerid, without commission. 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. E2 You take the graue peake vppon you too much. 1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant ii. i. 20 Pray, my Lord, take no picque at it. 1676 A. Marvell Mr. Smirke sig. H4^v He..bore a great pique at Alexander, for he having been preferr'd before him to the See of Alexandria. 1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide xi. vi. 79 Poor Stephen, went suddenly forth in a Pique, And push'd off his Boat for the Stygian Creek. 1776 H. Cowley Runaway II. iv. 28 Fye! that air of pique is enough to ruin all. 1811 J. Austen Sense & Sensibility II. ii. 30 ‘'Tis because you are an indifferent person,’ said Lucy, with some pique, and laying a particular stress on those words. View more context for this quotation 1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. ix. 406 A Bishop who had turned monk in a momentary fit of pique. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders ix. 82 I did not learn..what was the pick that the Black Smugglers had taken at the Maxwells. 1904 S. R. Crockett Strong Mac ix. 65 I thocht she had a pick at him. a1944 K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) xii. 78 The letter dispelled my pique. 1998 Odds On June 24/1 Jockey Richard Guest..huffed off in a fit of pique after being accused of taking it a little too easily on one of his mounts. †3. pique of honour n. a matter vitally affecting one's honour; a point of honour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > honourableness > [noun] > point of honour point of honour1592 pundonora1648 pique of honour1687 1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther iii. 95 Add long prescription of establish'd laws, And picque of honour to maintain a cause. 1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) V. 272 The love of his country and of the public good..would not permit him..to abandon its service through any pique of honour, or personal discontent. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). piquen.² Brit. /piːk/, U.S. /pik/ Forms: 1600s pickque, 1600s picy (transmission error), 1600s–1700s picque, 1700s– pique. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pic. Etymology: < French pic (1585 in Middle French; 1501 as picq in sense ‘piquet’), apparently a transferred use of pic prick, sting (see pike n.¹). Piquet. The winning of thirty points on cards and play before one's opponent scores anything, for which a further thirty points is awarded. Cf. repique n. Also figurative.The dealer cannot score a pique since the non-dealer scores a point for leading. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > piquet > [noun] > score capot1651 pique1668 repique1668 picy1674 point1719 1668 W. Temple Let. to Ld. Arlington in Wks. (1731) II. 93 In their Audiences..the Cards commonly run high, and all is Picque and Repicque between them. 1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester vi. 81 The youngers Blank shall bar the former and hinder his Picq and Repicq [printed Picy and Repicy]. 1705 J. Vanbrugh Confederacy iii. 37 Pique and repique, you Jade you: If the Wives will fall into a good Intelligence. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Picquet If he can make up 30, part in hand and part by play, e'er the other has told any thing, he reckons them 60.—And this is call'd a Picque. Whence the Name of the Game. 1830 R. Hardie Hoyle made Familiar 49 Carte-blanche counts first, and consequently saves piques and repiques. 1861 Macmillan's Mag. Dec. 137 Certain extraordinary chances which affect the scoring in this game [sc. piquet]..are four, the carte blanche, the repique, the pique, and the capote. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 638/1 A pique can only be made by the elder hand, as the one he reckons in play when he leads his first card counts before points subsequently made in play by the younger hand. 1990 D. Parlett Hist. Card Games (1991) 179 A bonus of 30 for pique is credited to the elder if he reaches 30 for combinations and tricks before the younger has made anything at all. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † piquen.³ Origin: Either (i) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: pica n.²; Latin pica. Etymology: < pica n.² or its etymon post-classical Latin pica. Obsolete. rare. = pica n.² ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered nutrition > [noun] > depraved appetite pica1563 green sickness1596 malacia1656 pique1678 dirt-eating1817 geophagy1821 earth hunger1857 geophagia1863 coprophagy1891 parorexia1897 coprophagia1906 trichophagia1909 trichophagy1963 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 140 Though it have, the Pique, and long, 'Tis still for something in the wrong: As Women long. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2020). † piquen.⁴ Forms: 1700s pico, 1700s–1800s pique. Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish pique. Etymology: < Spanish pique (1608 or earlier) < Central Quechua piki. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pī·ke, pīk) /ˈpiːkeɪ/, /piːk/. Obsolete. 1. The chigger or chigoe, Tunga penetrans; = nigua n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Siphonaptera or fleas > [noun] > pulex or sarcopsylla penetrans (chigoe) nigua1555 chigoe1708 pique1748 red-buga1750 jigger flea1756 trigera1757 sand flea1796 tungua1815 1748 tr. P. Lozano True Relation Earthquake Lima (ed. 2) iii. 216 A..little Insect, call'd Pico, which gets insensibly into the Feet. 1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. I. i. vii. 66 The insect of Carthagena called nigua, and in Peru, pique, is shaped like a flea. 1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. iv. 106 I am speaking of the celebrated Chigoe or Jiggers, called also..Pique. 1869 Amer. Naturalist 2 644 One of the most serious insect torments of the tropics of America is the Sarcopsylla penetrans, called by the natives the Jigger, Chigoe, Bicho, Chique, or Pique. 1875 G. Hartwig & A. H. Guernsey Polar & Trop. Worlds (new ed.) 585 The Chegoe, Pique, or Jigger of the West Indies (Pulex penetrans), is another great torment of the hot countries of America. 2. A kind of soft tick. rare.The identity of the tick referred to in quot. 1890 is uncertain; Argas is a genus of soft ticks, but no Argas nigra is recognized.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pique, a blind tick, Argas nigra, capable of causing painful sores on cattle and men. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online September 2021). piquev.¹ Brit. /piːk/, U.S. /pik/ Forms: 1600s picque, 1600s pickquet (past participle), 1700s– pique. Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: pique n.²; French pic. Etymology: Either < pique n.² (although this is first attested slightly later) or its etymon French pic. Piquet. Now rare. 1. transitive. To score a pique against or win a pique from (one's opponent). Cf. repique v. 1a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > piquet > [verb (transitive)] > score capot1651 pique1659 repique1659 rubicon1881 1659 H. Neville Shufling, Cutting, & Dealing 8 I was Pickquet the last, but am now repickqt. 1668 J. Dryden Sr Martin Mar-all i. 5 If I go to Picquet, though it be but with a Novice in't, he will picque and repicque, and Capot me twenty times together. 1699 T. D'Urfey Famous Hist. Rise & Fall Massaniello (1700) ii. iv. ii. 35 The Fryer took him for a Fool: He piqu'd, and repiqu'd him so oft. 1745 E. Hoyle Short Treat. Game Piquet 53 Chart-blanche counts first, and consequently saves Piques and Repiques: It also piques and repiques the Adversary in the same manner. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy I. x. 250 He hazarded every thing for the chance of piqueing, repiqueing, or capotting his adversary. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 638/2 A player who reckons nothing that hand as a penalty is not piqued or repiqued if he holds any cards which, but for the penalty, would have reckoned before his adversary reached thirty. †2. intransitive. To score a pique. Cf. repique v. 1b. Obsolete. rare.With quot. 1706 cf. transitive use at 1699 at sense 1. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > piquet > [verb (intransitive)] > score pique1706 repique1706 1706 in H. Playford Wit & Mirth (new ed.) IV. 55 He piqu'd, and repiqu'd so oft. 1895 J. C. Snaith Dorothy Marvin vi The mysteries..of piqueing, repiqueing and capotting. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). piquev.² Brit. /piːk/, U.S. /pik/ Forms: 1600s–1700s picque, 1600s– pique, 1700s– peak (now nonstandard). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French piquer. Etymology: < French piquer to anger, annoy (1458 in Middle French), (reflexive) to get angry (c1590 in Middle French), to stimulate, provoke (1615), (reflexive) to take pride in, boast about (1623), specific uses of piquer to prick, pierce, sting (see pick v.¹). Compare Occitan picar (reflexive) to be offended, Italian piccare (reflexive) to be offended (a1342), to anger, provoke (1611), (reflexive) to pride oneself in (1615), Spanish picar to anger, provoke, (reflexive) to be offended, to pride oneself in (a1496 in the latter sense). †1. intransitive. To express resentment, jealousy, etc. (at a person); to lose one's temper, throw a tantrum. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > be or become irritated [verb (intransitive)] enchafec1380 fume and chafec1522 chafe1525 to fret and fume1551 rankle1582 to lose patience, one's temper1622 pique1664 to have no patience with1682 ruffle1719 to be out of the way (with)1740 echinate1792 nettle1810 to get one's dander up1831 to set up one's jay-feathers1880 hackle1935 to get off one's bike1939 the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)] > show indignation or resentment bridlea1475 bristle1549 muzzle1581 snarl1597 pique1664 growl1706 to bridle up1709 grrra1963 to give attitude1975 1664 J. Wilson Cheats Epil. 78 If you must lash out, And think you can't Be wits yourselves, unless you pique, and rant. 1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 53 Women of the Play-house, still Piquing at each other, who shall go the best Drest. 2. transitive. To wound the pride of, irritate, or offend; to make resentful. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be indignant at or resent [verb (transitive)] > excite to indignation or resentment grieve1362 disdain1530 stomach1596 rufflea1616 disoblige1632 pique1671 huff1793 miff1811 umbragea1894 dudgeon1906 1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 103 You think you picque him wittily, when you say, ‘any thing in Scripture that makes for you, call it ordinary; and what doth not please, is extraordinary’. 1673 W. Perwich Despatches (1903) 264 The gentry..are malcontents..being all piqued against the C. de Monterei. 1733 A. Pope Of Use of Riches 18 The Dev'l was piqu'd, such saintship to behold. 1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. ii. 76 She..piques our pride, and offends our judgment. 1817 J. Austen Sanditon vii, in Minor Wks. (1954) 398 His chusing to walk with her, she had learnt to understand. It was done to pique Miss Brereton. 1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. at Peak ‘He's peaked about somewhat.’ 1900 S. R. Crockett Love Idylls (1901) 27 Bell's saucily unconscious air of command piqued him. 1993 N.Y. Times Mag. 21 Mar. 53/1 France..sold itself as a friend of poor nations and learned to display its independence..by piquing Washington. 3. transitive (reflexive). To take pride in or congratulate oneself on. Also with at, in. Occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > be or become proud [verb (reflexive)] wlenchc1200 pridea1275 enhancec1380 empride1435 brave1581 prune1598 plume1643 value1648 pique1684 bepride1690 hump1835 tumefy1837 preen1880 to be all over oneself1910 society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete with [verb (transitive)] > with ill feeling pique1684 1684 J. Dryden tr. L. Maimbourg Hist. of League 89 The King of Navarre..piqu'd himself extremely upon the point of generosity. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §105. 123 They may take pleasure and pique themselves in being Kind, liberal, and civil to others. 1705 A. Pope Let. 23 June in Corr. (1956) I. 9 Men, who are thought to pique themselves upon their Wit. 1773 J. Boswell Jrnl. 10 Sept. in Jrnl. Tour Hebrides (1785) 192 We..piqued ourselves at not being outdone at the nightly ball by our less active friends. 1811 J. Austen Sense & Sensibility I. vii. 73 Lady Middleton piqued herself upon the elegance of her table, and of all her domestic arrangements. View more context for this quotation 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 June 1/3 Temperance reformers who are wont to pique on the progress of the cause in the colonies. 1904 J. Conrad Nostromo i. vii. 75 A great man of another sort,..who piqued himself on his culture and Europeanism generally in a rather French style. 1993 Daily Tel. 18 Jan. 19/3 He also piqued himself on his keen sense of what was singable. 4. a. transitive. To stimulate or provoke (a person) to action, esp. by arousing jealousy, etc.; to arouse (a feeling, esp. curiosity or interest). Occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > exciting > excite [verb (transitive)] astirc1000 stir?c1225 araisec1374 entalentc1374 flamec1380 reara1382 raisec1384 commove1393 kindlea1400 fluster1422 esmove1474 talent1486 heavec1540 erect?1555 inflame1560 to set on gog1560 yark1565 tickle1567 flesh1573 concitate1574 rouse1574 warmc1580 agitate1587 spirit1598 suscitate1598 fermentate1599 nettle1599 startle1602 worka1616 exagitate1621 foment1621 flush1633 exacuatea1637 ferment1667 to work up1681 pique1697 electrify1748 rattle1781 pump1791 to touch up1796 excite1821 to key up1835 to steam up1909 jazz1916 steam1922 volt1930 whee1949 to fire up1976 geek1984 the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion rearOE arear?c1225 annoyc1300 movea1325 excite1393 raisea1400 lighta1413 stirc1430 provokec1450 provocate?a1475 rendera1522 to stir upc1530 excitate?1549 inspire1576 yield1576 to turn up1579 rouse1589 urge1594 incense1598 upraisea1600 upreara1600 irritate1612 awakena1616 recreate1643 pique1697 arouse1730 unlull1743 energize1753 evocate1827 evoke1856 vibe1977 the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)] > arouse indignation or resentment offendc1425 ranklea1450 to give (also cause, etc.) offence to1560 to give (‥) umbrage1620 pique1697 1697 J. Vanbrugh Provok'd Wife i. 5 My Husbands barbarous usage piques me to revenge. 1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 163. ⁋5 Every Verse hath something in it that piques. 1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 118 Her vanity..prompted her, to pique the Prince's attention. 1848 A. Brontë Tenant of Wildfell Hall I. vii. 126 It was still..her earnestness and keenness that piqued my fancy. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xiv. 237 As nature, to pique the more, sometimes works up deformities into beauty. 1870 H. Smart Race for Wife i. 7 You have piqued my woman's curiosity. 1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love i. 11 Then her interest was piqued. Here was something not quite so preconcluded. 1994 Harper's Mag. Apr. 85/1 Bia, it turned out, was crazy for Greta Garbo, piqued by her high cheekbones, moist eyes, and world-weary manner. 2002 Art Q. Autumn 56/1 The chance to observe a world-famous artist through the keyhole cannot help but pique curiosity. †b. transitive (reflexive). To excite or arouse oneself. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > be or become excited [verb (reflexive)] movec1300 to fire up1654 work1732 pique1749 hyped1938 1749 Visct. Bolingbroke Lett. Spirit Patriotism 18 Fortune maintains a kind of rivalship with wisdom, and piques herself often in favour of fools as well as knaves. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iii. iv. 168 Peaking himself into flame of irritancy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1532n.²1668n.³1678n.⁴1748v.¹1659v.²1664
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