| 释义 |
plastern. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Probably also partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French plaistre, plastre; Latin plastrum. Etymology: In Old English, probably < post-classical Latin plastrum (although this is first attested later and not in sense 1: see below); in later use reinforced by Anglo-Norman plaistre, plastre medical plaster (second half of the 13th cent.), Anglo-Norman and Old French plastre, plaistre, Middle French plastre building plaster (French plâtre ) < post-classical Latin plastrum (also plaustrum ) building plaster (from 1233 in continental sources, from 1243 in British sources), medical plaster (from 1288 in British sources), shortened < classical Latin emplastrum plaster (medical and in grafting) (see emplaster n.). Compare Middle Dutch plaester, plastre medical plaster, building plaster (Dutch plaester), Old Saxon plastar medical plaster, cement (Middle Low German plaster medical plaster), Old High German pflastar medical plaster, cemented or paved floor (Middle High German phlaster, German Pflaster), also Old Icelandic plástr medical plaster (probably < a West Germanic language).The form plaister remained in use in the standard language alongside plaster as late as the early 19th cent., being found for instance in Johnson's works (although not listed in his dictionary); compare also e.g. quots. 1781 at sense 2aβ. , 1787 at sense 3aβ. from the late 18th cent., or 1821 at sense 1aβ. from the early 19th cent. 1. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress α. OE 80 Hwi ne bidst þu þe beþunga and plaster, lifes læcedomes æt lifes frean? OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius (Vitell.) (1984) clxxiii. 218 Genim þas ylcan wyrte, wyrc to plastre [L. implastrum], lege to ðære wunde. c1300 St. Cuthbert (Laud) 54 in C. Horstmann (1887) 360 (MED) Nim..þe milk of one kov..Iuys of smal-Ache do þar-to and clene ȝwetene flour; Seoth it to-gadere swiþe wel, and leie it al hot þar-to, A-brod ase þei hit a plastre [a1325 Corpus Cambr. plestre] were, and guod it schal þe do. c1330 (Auch.) (1933) 1438 (MED) In vrine he segh he miȝte libbe; He laide a plastre [v.r. playster] vnder his ribbe. a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 60 (MED) Take schepis talow & buttere & make a plaster [v.r. emplastre]. a1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 24 Epilema, a plastere. a1500 (?a1450) (Gloucester) (1971) 725 (MED) When his wyfe had vsede þis drynke & þis plaster, with-yn a lytyll whyle sche was hole. 1597 W. Langham 90 A plaster of sowre bread boyled in wine, draweth sores passing well. 1679 F. Beaumont iii. i. 59 This furious fiend..Did cut the gristle of my Nose away, And in the place this velvet plaster stands. 1798 T. Jones (1951) 20 Clapping a Plaster upon the Wound,..[I] took a boat which landed me at the Temple Stairs. 1804 J. Abernethy 231 On the third day the plasters were removed from the wound. 1856 E. K. Kane II. vi. 71 One of the many who stick to me like a plaster. 1901 G. B. McCutcheon (1903) 44 If the gentleman will allow Hedrick to trim the hair away for a plaster and then bandage it I think the wound will give him no trouble. 1949 781/2 Types of adhesive plaster, differing in the kind of fabric used, intended for special uses, are extensively employed. 1987 T. J. Ryan in D. J. Weatherall et al. (ed. 2) II. xx. 86/2 Paints or plasters containing 20–40 per cent salicylic acid are best applied after a 5 minute soak with warm soapy water and preferably after removal of excess surface keratin. 1991 (BNC) June 93 If you need to put a plaster on , gently push the edges of the cut together and carefully place the plaster over the cut. the world > action or operation > amending > [noun] > remedy > a remedy α. 1340 (1866) 148 (MED) Verst he ssel þerto do þe smeringes and þe plastres of zuete warningges. a1350 in G. L. Brook (1968) 61 (MED) Whe shulen into heuene blis þurh hire medicine..Of penaunce is his plastre al. a1425 (Cambr.) (1968) 9 (MED) A bitinge plastere conseruede þe apostele, after þat he had be rauyched to þe þridde heuene, fro þe swellinge of veyn glorie. a1500 (?a1450) (Gloucester) (1971) 726 (MED) The toþer ii Erbys are confessyon & satysfaccyon, The wyche are plasteres vn-to þe sore, And yf a man..Vse þis plasteres, he schall haue remyssyon of his synnys. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane f. xvij To heale the wounde with a plaster of reconciliation. a1628 J. Preston (1630) 104 Adversity is not a Plaster or a Medicine, but a poyson to him. 1739 H. Baker & J. Miller ii. ii. 184 A Husband's a Plaster which cures all the Ailments of young Women. 1886 T. Hardy I. xviii. 223 For the handsome sum you forwarded to me as a plaster to the wound, I heartily thank you. 1902 W. James ii. 47 All our morality appears but as a plaster hiding a sore it can never cure. 1992 (BNC) That's sticking a plaster on the cash haemorrhage of what will be the biggest sum a British Government has borrowed in a year. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress 1833 R. Southey Let. 3–4 June in (1965) II. 400 I am going to apply what they call a poor mans plaister to my chest. 1848 C. Kingsley iii. iv. 173 Ay, that's your poor-man's plaster: that's your right grease for this world's creaking wheels. 1860 J. W. Warter II. 287 Before the attack came on,..I put a poor man's plaister on the nape of her neck. 2. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > plaster > [noun] α. lOE Latin-Old Eng. Gloss. (Trier Priesterseminar 61) in E. Steinmeyer & E. Sievers (1898) IV. 200 Cementum, plaster. a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxvii. 2 Þou shalt arere grete stonys & wiþ plastre [altered from lijm as altered from chalke; L. calce] þou shalt plane hem þat þou may in hem write alle þe wordys of þis lawe. c1400 (?c1380) (1920) 1549 (MED) Þe honde..rasped on þe roȝ woȝe runisch sauez..Þenne hit vanist..Bot þe lettres bileved ful large upon plaster. a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 731/20 De edificiis domorum..plastrum, a plastyr. 1591 R. Percyvall Dict. at Açotéa A flat roofe couered with lead, or plaster. 1715 M. Prior 152 Why 'tis plaster and lath. 1793 Z. Cozens 224 The floor is of timber covered with a red plaster. 1839 Jan. 88/1 He learned to handle the trowel and the hammer, to mix the plaster and to place the gravel. 1891 O. Wilde 106 On a wall of fresh plaster, stained with bright sandyx. 1950 L. E. Hawker vi. 172 Damp plaster walls become mildewed. 1989 Feb. 479 The plaster, consisting of lime and sand, is held in the left hand on a mortarboard. 2004 (Nexis) 12 Dec. This council house is an absolute disgrace. 50 per cent of the walls are damp, 50 per cent have crumbling plaster. the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > [noun] > viscous substance 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici f. 12 They eate it [sc. betel] made in Plaisters with the lime made of Oystershelles. 1655 tr. C. Sorel iv. 12 This goodly Musician that playes with me hath beaten me into plaister. 1728 A. Ramsay 138 Think ye..his gentle stamock's master To worry up a pint of plaister Like our mill-knaves? a1901 J. B. Salmond (1922) viii. 72 Man it's [sc. a love-letter's] the afaest plester o' spooney treacle iver I hard o'. 1912 J. Stephens viii. 46 Curls took up too much time in arranging, and the slightest moisture in the air was liable to draw them down into lank and unsightly plasters. 3. the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > plaster > [noun] > plaster of Paris society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > paints > powdered gypsum ground α. 1391 in L. T. Smith (1894) 79 (MED) Et pro plastre et lapide ibidem emptis..iij scot. x d. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 198 Þe beste cement ymade of alle stoones is of þe flynt stoone oþer of plastre þat is I-called gypsum. 1428 in J. Raine (1890) 6 John Lyllyng was noysed yat he suld hafe blended plaster or lyme amang his alom, and so seld yt furth deceyvabilly to lytsters. 1481 Descr. Boundaries Ripon in J. T. Fowler (1875) 345 Ad quandam querruram de plaster vocatam Sparre stone. a1552 J. Leland (1710) I. 33 Plentiful Quarres of Alabaster, communely there caullid Plaster. a1684 J. Evelyn anno 1645 (1955) II. 417 Statues in Plaster & Pastboard which so resemble Coper, that..they cannot be distinguishd, he has so rare an art of bronzing them. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler III. 173 Eight statues..made of plaster, by the celebrated Barbarigo. 1793 J. Smeaton (ed. 2) §194 (note) Plaster or Gypsum..is an earthy salt composed of calcareous matter dissolved in the acid of Vitriol. 1813 J. C. Eustace I. xii. 256 The plaster, or..stucco, is extremely hard, and in a climate so dry may equal stone in solidity and duration. 1839 J. Buel xxii. 213 Districts..in which clover and plaster..were first introduced..have unquestionably made the most rapid strides in agricultural improvement. 1859 T. J. Gullick & J. Timbs 142 Plaster, strictly speaking, is the Italian gesso,..and in old books on art, plaster casts are commonly called ‘gessos’. 1880 June 67/2 Another glance detects the..farmer sowing his load of plaster across the whitening field. 1954 P. Frankau iii. v. 229 In the Presbytery there was a traceable echo from the convent where I went to school; the oilcloth; the plaster Virgin; the Crucifix. 1996 Autumn 30/2 Each shed had its own sculptors, who drew and modeled designs in clay, cast them in plaster, [etc.]. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical supports > [noun] > plaster-cast 1892 19 Nov. 1161/2 Later on the limb was secured in plaster. 1905 28 Oct. 1250/1 Removal of the case may be necessitated by swelling of the limb... In [this] case the application of a fresh plaster will probably be required. 1948 E. O. Geckeler (ed. 2) x. 194 Providing the patient's temperature and symptoms are satisfactory the first plaster should not be removed for at least three weeks. 1992 B. Adams 175 My toe felt like someone had dropped a large building on it, and I was itching under the plaster. 2005 (Nexis) 11 Jan. 44 She broke her right wrist and ankle and was in plaster for weeks. Compounds C1. a. (In sense 1a.) the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > medicine chest, bag, etc. > [noun] > box 1487 in S. Young (1890) 530 My plaster box..and the cysars therein. 1673 Leith Customs f. 51, in (at cited word) 3 groce bon boxes & 1 dozen plaster boxs. 1723 D. Defoe (ed. 2) 79 The Surgeons Plaister-box..was..full of Silver Instruments. 1999 (Nexis) 25 Feb. 11 The handy sized plaster box is a one-piece moulding with a hinged lid, designed to keep the product dry and free from damage. b. (In sense 2a.) (a) 1815 T. Rickman in J. Smith I. 163 There does not seem to be any wooden inner roofs, except plaster groining. 1424–5 in J. T. Fowler (1888) III. 152 (MED) Super domum Johannis Well pro renovacione plastyrwal ex convencione, 3 s. 4 d. 1756 M. Calderwood (1884) ix. 247 What started me most was the bare plaister wall, which..are not plenty here, neither are plaistered roofs, which it by good luck had. 1852 5 378/2 Many were the names of urchins and urchinesses..which decked the plaster walls of Broad-Bumble school. 1996 J. Updike 378 Bright crude acrylics of a staring Jesus..on the plaster walls repelled his glance. (b) 1865 C. Dickens I. ii. v. 208 A yellow over-hanging plaster-fronted house at which he stopped. 1988 (Nexis) 15 Oct. c1 His wife Joan already was living in the raffish $19,000 plaster-fronted house. c. (In sense 3a.) 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ 482 The clay is boiled on a plaster-kiln. 1954 J. A. Pitt-Rivers (1961) xiii. 197 Their presence suffices to put out the fire in a lime-kiln or a plaster-kiln. 1736 (ed. 3) at Sculpture sig. Pp2v/2 This is to seeth the Soul and dry the Plaster Mould which the Earth had wetted. 1873 R. Wilson 466/1 In pressing, the clay is forced into a mould which gives it the desired shape, and in casting, which is employed for more delicate articles, the dip is poured into a plaster mould. 1995 Apr. 9/1 Finely shredded sugar paper blended in the way you describe would produce a delicate modelling material or would take up the detail in a plaster mould. 1907 at Plaster n. Plaster-sieve. 1738 G. Smith tr. iv. 104 To make the Plaister Stuff come off the easier. 1856 M. L. Booth tr. 190 Ordinary pavements can also be made by taking common stones and pounding and reducing them to coarse sand, which is then mixed with lime and old plaster stuff. 1993 Apr. 64/3 One of them mixed the plaster stuff to make a mold. C2. 1803 9 113 The Plaster-Bandage is adapted to almost every species of ulcer. 1860 J. E. Erichsen (new ed.) 197 A dry roller having been previously applied to the limb, the wetted plaster bandage must be smoothly rolled up it. 1957 J. C. Adams ii. 45 Plaster bandages may be prepared by impregnating rolls of book muslin with the dry powdered plaster. 1993 C. Anderson ii. 30 She wound the plaster bandage round the broken wrist. 1888 G. Trumbull 103 Surf Scoter: Surf Duck: Black Duck... At Chatham, [called] Plaster-Bill. 1917 T. G. Pearson I. 151 Surf Scoter. Oidemia perspicillata... [Also called] Pictured-bill; Plaster-bill; Morocco-jaw [etc.]. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > modelling > [noun] > casting methods > cast 1898 19 July 3/2 An excellent bust, coming out..much better in plain plaster than in the plaster-bronze. 1997 (Nexis) 4 Mar. By 16 he was already showing a precocious talent, producing an almost life-size plaster-bronze figure of a young man, entitled Aspiration. 1597 J. Gerard ii. cdlxxxviii. 1033 Of Melilot, or Plaister Clauer. 1896 (at cited word) Plaister, Plaister claver, an old name for Meliotus officinalis, which was so-called from its use in plasters, some of which were in the Pharmacop. Lond. the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [adjective] > painted or coloured 1618 Bp. J. Hall 56 Heare this, yee plaister-faced Iezabels. 1876 J. Hawthorne iii. 300/2 The building is at least ten times as old as any other in Fairmount, which accounts for its not being yellow-brown and plaster-faced like the rest. 2002 (Nexis) 1 Jan. 1 b Molded, squeezed and painted plaster-faced puppets rose 11 feet. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical supports > [noun] > appliances to support spine 1879 9 616 The plaster-jacket precludes the use of the cold douche. 1957 J. C. Adams iv. 75 If the vertebral compression is severe reduction should be attempted by extension, the cervical spine being then immobilised in the fully extended position in a cervico-thoracic plaster jacket. 2004 (Nexis) 20 Feb. 7 Bradley would have to wear a plaster jacket to try to correct it, potentially for years. society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > decorator > [noun] > maker of decorative plasterwork 1503 in J. B. Paul (1900) II. 274 With the expens of the plaistirman brocht hame for wirking of the said plaistir. 1790 J. Wedgwood Let. 12 Dec. in (1965) 329 A plaster man..keeps a room in the pottery and engages to furnish them with casts. 1895 25 Oct. 6/4 ‘The pimple’ had evidently been put on by some keen-witted plasterman who knew the tendency of the human mind to dwell upon trifles. 2001 (Nexis) 3 Sept. b3 He was a self-employed mason and plasterman. 1791 R. E. Raspe tr. I. Born 69 The ores, when pulverized in mills like our plaister mills,..are spread upon bullocks hides. 1846 E. Emmons I. 280 The material will be as useful, applied to land, as the plaster itself; besides, it is not necessary that it should be transported to a plaster mill, as it..becomes in a few years sufficiently fine for use. 1956 W. R. Bird x. 302 We..were told that the plaster mill had been quite an institution in its day. 2003 (Nexis) 6 Nov. 1 a U.S. Gypsum also operates a paper mill, plaster mill, joint tape plant and a joint treatment department at its 681-acre Lake Street property. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress 1890 at Plaster Plaster mull. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. VIII. 787 Salicylic acid, in the form of the plaster~mull. 1908 June 830 It is then plastered with Unna's 50 per cent. salicylic acid and creosote plastermulle, which is renewed daily. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. VIII. 521 The plaister-muslins (mulls), introduced by Unna, are intermediate between ointments and surgical plasters. the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum 1836 T. C. Haliburton 1st Ser. 211 A water privilege to put into the market, or a plaister rock to get off, or some such scheme. 1896 C. G. D. Roberts xiii. 175 Steadily onward we pressed,..past headland after headland of red clay or pallid plaster rock. 1960 O. D. Duncan et al. xiii. 440 Of these imports major commodities received from foreign sources included petroleum products, gypsum or plaster rock, fertilizer materials, and coffee. 1711 C. Lockyer 21 At one end of the Court is the Plaister-Room. 1873 7 June 15/6 (advt.) The buildings include..plaster rooms with four drying kilns. 1916 L. D. Miller 140 On the sixth floor will be found an operating room,..plaster room, X-Ray and photographic department. 2003 (Nexis) 27 June 16 A doctor was waiting for us, examined my son, ascertained that it was broken and sent us to the plaster room. society > morality > virtue > [noun] > virtuous or morally excellent person society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > sanctimoniousness > [noun] > person 1890 R. Kipling (1892) 8 Single men in barricks [sic] don't grow into plaster saints. 1898 G. B. Shaw Philanderer iv, in 148 You fraud! You humbug! You miserable little plaster saint! 1980 Chinweizu et al. in D. Walder (1990) 286 Were our ancestors a parade of plaster saints who never, among themselves, struck a blow or hurt a fly? 1995 15 Jan. e8/2 Clarke's book..presents her as a profoundly complex human being, infinitely more fascinating than any plaster saint or media-manufactured martyr. 1839 H. Colman (Mass. Agric. Surv.) 42 He says he knows nothing of land becoming, as it is termed, plaster-sick. c1926 A. O. Craven 112 Lands were soon being declared ‘clover’ and ‘plaster sick’. the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum 1388 (P.R.O.: C 145/240/8) Vna porcio de Plasterstane. 1751 J. Hill 256 Plaister Stone,..the white, glittering hard Kind [of Gypsum], which resembles fine Sugar,..generally known under the Name of Plaister of Paris Stone. 1894 Plaster of Paris, a composition of several species of gypsum dug near Montmartre, near Paris... This term is, however, frequently applied to plaster stone, or to any species of gypsum. 2000 (Nexis) 30 June A part of the investment programme was..the production of white plaster stone for the cement industry and gypsum manufacturing. Derivatives 1611 J. Speed v. ii. 158/1 [Rocks] chalkie, or of a plaster-like substance. 1678 J. Worlidge (ed. 2) 68 Pat it smooth with the back of your Spade plaister like. 1854 3 293 A mass is obtained, which, on cooling, is plaster-like, and filled with yellow scaly crystals. 1925 W. Cather i. iv. 64 She made something cold and plaster-like of Lillian's beautiful complexion. 1986 J. Townshend in A. Limon et al. (ed. 2) vi. ii. 845 Small cracks and chips can be filled with..a plaster-like material such as Keene's cement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). plasterv.Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: plaster n.; French plaster, plastrer. Etymology: Partly < plaster n., and (in sense 2) partly < Anglo-Norman plaster (c1240) and Middle French plastrer to plaster (a wall) (c1175 in Old French as plastrir; French plâtrer). Compare post-classical Latin plastrare (1198, 1237, 1323, 1464 in British sources), plaustrare (1302, 1437 in British sources).In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle forms are attested (see y- prefix). 1. the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > [verb (transitive)] > apply remedy to the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by topical applications > treat by topical applications [verb (transitive)] > plaster or poultice α. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 81 Þe hed þat is I-schaue schal be plastred [L. cathaplasmetur] wiþ longen of a swine. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 84 If þe teres comeþ of outward cause, þe chief remedie is clene wex & pure wiþ poudir of comyn I-hatte & ofte I-plastred [L. cataplasmata]. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. 312 (MED) Ther is a surgiene in þis sege þat soft can handle..and fairer he plastreth. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Paris) (1971) 137 (MED) Be þe eyȝe plastred wiþ a plastre of malue leues. c1475 ( in (1911) 26 517 (MED) I have a roten tothe in my mouthe..Is hit better to pull him oute..or elles to plaster him to the confusioun and undoyng of alle the other? 1580 A. Saker i. 68 Had not she infected me, I had bin whole, where now I am sore: pleased, where nowe I must be plastered: sounde, where now I am wounded. a1777 S. Foote (1778) iii. 59 Full power..to pill,..plaister, and poultice, all persons. 1828 D. M. Moir x. 83 Our hearts must be trampled in the mire of scorn..in order that a bruise may be properly plaistered up. 1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton I. i. iv. 69 She bound the arm, plastered the head. 1998 (Nexis) 27 Sept. 13 Doctors who X-rayed him in a private clinic said he had a broken ankle, then plastered his leg. 2004 (Nexis) 1 Aug. A native doctor plastered his burns with a poultice made in large part from river mud. the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > mitigate or alleviate c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. 89 (MED) And ȝut be plastrede [v.r. y-plastred] with pacience. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvii. 95 (MED) Be he..baptized..And þanne plastred [v.rr. pastrid; make a plastre] with penaunce. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cxlix, in (1878) III. 174 A promis'd Parliament can plaster ore This Gash. 1861 Mar. 272/1 We must..see about plaistering the peeler's head with a five-pound note, and bailing out Tommy. 1891 T. Hardy II. xxxiii. 159 Clare..did what he usually did in such cases, gave the man five shillings to plaster the blow. 1991 D. Stafford & L. Hodgkinson 64 [He] denies that alcohol is a way of plastering over emotional pain. 2004 19 June 30 A few behavioural tweaks and rising share prices will plaster over the wounds in their relationship with savers. 2. society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > clad or cover [verb (transitive)] > plaster the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > smear or spread with a substance > smear (a substance) α. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 1674 (MED) A schippe be-houes þe to dight..With pike..Plaster [a1400 Göt plastir; a1400 Trin. Cambr. plastre] it wit-oute and wit-In. 1483 (BL Add. 89074) (1881) 283 To Plastere, gipsare. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus I. Acts vii. 26 b He was cast out in a twigge basket or hamper, plastered ouer with lyme, into the ryuer of Nilus. 1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria f. 344v Cotages made of bouwes of trees plastered with chauke. 1618–19 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark (1886) III. 305 To be all plastered over with lyme and hayer workeman lyke. 1750 J. Hempstead 549 I was..plastering the broken places in the wall. 1799 M. Park xxi. 284 These tubes were formed by plastering a mixture of clay and grass round a smooth roller of wood. 1856 A. Ferguson ii. vii. 136/1 This victim,..having shut himself up, with a brazier of burning coals, in a close chamber which was recently plastered, perished by suffocation. 1857 D. P. Thompson xiii. 188 Over all these they had plastered mud, mixed in with stones, grass, and moss. 1925 W. Cather ii. iv. 208 [The outer walls] were made of dressed stones, plastered inside and out with 'dobe, and were tinted in light colours. 2004 (Nexis) 13 Nov. On Monday work began to plaster her kitchen. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > smear or spread with a substance tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 104 (MED) On vynes hurt do goot or shepis donge, And plastre [v.r. plaister] hit with molde. 1733 A. Pope 6 With all th'Embroid'ry plaister'd at thy Tail. 1751 T. Smollett IV. xcv. 26 His countenance resembled the rough bark of a plumb-tree, plastered with gum. 1872 T. Hardy I. i. vii. 88 The collar of your coat is a shame to behold—so plastered with dirt, or dust, or grease, or something. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. V. 93 By the second or third day [of pneumonia] the tongue is thickly plastered with white fur. 1996 Dec. 71/2 [He] has still got half his lunch plastered to his pasty face. 2005 (Nexis) 13 Jan. 18 It saddens me to see young girls plastered with make-up. the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > ornament [verb (transitive)] > adorn cheaply or gaudily 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay ii. xx. 57 The inner part of the temple is altogether plastered and couered with great tables of Porphyre. 1774 2 95 Bills plaister posts, songs paper ev'ry wall. 1858 S. M. Schmucker x. 154 In an hour every prominent place in the capital was plastered over with proclamations. 1860 W. M. Thackeray Ribbons in (1876) 18 The Great Duke (the breast of whose own coat was plastered with some half~hundred decorations). 1940 C. Morgan II. iv. 194 She liked the foolish, friendly advertisements with which the shelter was plastered. 1985 (Nexis) 10 Feb. Ann and David Collins spend their days in a cramped office plastered with posters of missing children. 1992 N. Ryan & J. Jenkins vill. 86 The only reason I ever talked about [my income] was because it was plastered all over the newspapers. 1997 Mar. 91/2 About six vans with Dutch, Danish and German number-plates plastered in windsurfing stickers. 2005 (Nexis) 20 Jan. 8 Photos of the outfit were plastered across the front pages of New York newspapers yesterday. the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)] > adhere to > cause to adhere 1623 T. Howell 6 That flesh which is smoothly playsterd on; and that flesh which is but rough-cast. 1864 N. Hawthorne (1879) 80 The name that they caused the clergyman to plaster indelibly on the poor little forehead at the font. 1876 J. B. Mozley iii. 52 It is always easy for the originator of a new philosophy to plaster any amount of high morals upon it. 1889 14 Dec. 842 The mosquito—the best thing is to fling forth an indignant hand and plaster him to the wall. 1940 J. Buchan i. 19 Foreign stamps, and..the smell of gum, with which I plastered them in an album. 2004 (Nexis) 19 Oct. Resoling is a common repair. In the back of the shop, Ferrara cuts out enough material and plasters it to the shoe bottom with rubber cement. 1766 O. Goldsmith I. iv. 38 Their hair plaistered up with pomatum. 1797 A. M. Bennett (1799) V. x. 286 John Brown..ust to have his hair plastered down his temples. 1876 ‘M. Twain’ iv. 44 Tom was a trifle disconcerted... He privately smoothed out the curls,..and plastered his hair close down to his head. 1908 K. Grahame xii. 298 He dipped his hairbrush in the water-jug, parted his hair in the middle, and plastered it down very straight and sleek on each side of his face. 1972 J. R. Raynes i. 3 In the days when most men regularly had their hair plastered down with heavy greases, quite serious haircutting mistakes did not show very much. 1997 R. Bennett (1999) 48 The night is sticky, the shirt is plastered to my back. 3. the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > make viscous or thicken [verb (transitive)] > make into a paste or plaster a1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell (1845) I. 53 (MED) Tak the white of iij egges..and whete flour, and erth of an oven, and playster alto-gider, and do on a lyn clath. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in f. 84v (MED) Seynt Jonys wort doiþ þe same if it be plastrid and leid on þe bitynge. the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > viscosity > become viscous or thicken [verb (intransitive)] 1812 J. Sinclair i. 215 Any rain that falls, so impregnates the soil with moisture, that if worked, it plasters, and the north-east winds harden it like stone. the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shoot game [verb (transitive)] > bring down by shot 1883 Dec. 1097 The plasterer, whose plastering often arises from jealousy, will plaster—i.e. blow the pheasant into a pulp. society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > attack with aircraft [verb (transitive)] > drop (bombs) > bomb > heavily society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > bombard 1914 3 Oct. 3/3 We were absolutely plastered with shells all day. 1942 E. Waugh iii. 243 The bombers were not aiming at any particular target; they were plastering the ground in front of their cars. 1957 ‘N. Shute’ vi. 185 You'd think with Boeing as the target all this area would have been well plastered. 1987 107 Communist guns began firing on August 23, 1958, and in less than 36 hours had plastered Quemoy with more than 94,000 rounds. society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > win > defeat 1919 J. Masefield 30 He could plaster All those who boxed out Tencombe way. 1951 26 230/2 Normal plasters Western. 1987 (Nexis) 20 May c6 The coach also loves to talk of his player's skills on the lacrosse field... Goodwin doesn't have the size to plaster opponents. Instead, he outsmarts them. 2004 (Nexis) 16 May 26 Moon is getting plastered by a fighting roo whose vast gloves are delivering his face a ferocious battering. the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > excessively the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > restore to state of wholeness or completeness > as by patching, etc. the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > do (something) to excess [verb (transitive)] > apply in excess > overwhelm with excessive amount society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > excuse (a person or fault) [verb (transitive)] > extenuate the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > present speciously [verb (transitive)] > improve appearance α. 1602 J. Marston ii. v. sig. E2v Thou art made as durt, To plaster vp the bracks of my defects. 1622 E. Chaloner 25 It is too common a fault amongst men, to ruffe cast and playster ouer their owne deformities. 1813 22 Mar. 187/1 They plaster the memory of that intriguing politician with unbounded praise. 1865 5 Aug. 169/2 To plaster his friends with praise in order that he in turn may be similarly beplastered. 1907 G. B. Shaw iii. 54 Ive seen them in that office, telling my father what a fine boy I was, and plastering him with compliments. 1979 29 Mar. 13/1 Social workers..often describe their work as ‘plastering up the cracks in the welfare state’. 1992 Dec. 245/1 Fagan likes to plaster his works with layer upon layer of movement. 5. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > fertilizing or manuring > fertilize or manure [verb (transitive)] > treat with chemical fertilizer 1791 R. Weston 46 Cattle fattened in much less time on ground which had been plastered. 1814 J. Taylor (ed. 2) 155 [Bird-foot clover] among the plastered wheat will be three or four fold more luxuriant, than among the adjoining unplastered. 1852 3 171 As soon as the corn came up, it was plastered on the hill. 1913 D. Grant tr. E. Bourcart viii. 155 When clover is grown with a grain crop it is better not to plaster the ground until after the grain crop has been harvested. the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [verb (transitive)] > treat, adulterate, or flavour 1886 14 May 5/2 Sherry..brandied to make it keep, and plastered with sulphate of lime to kill the tartar which makes it over acid. 1905 H. D. Rolleston 183 Sulphate of potash, with which wines in Paris were formerly largely ‘plastered’. 1912 W. Tibbles xxxiii. 903 It is customary to plaster the grapes with about 2½ pounds of gypsum to each ton before they are trodden. 1890 (at cited word) Plaster,..to plaster vines by dusting them with gypsum in order to prevent rot or mildew of the berries. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.OEv.a1398 |
