bearwardn.

Brit.

/ˈbɛːwɔːd/, U.S.

/ˈbɛrˌwɔrd/

Forms:

α. Middle English barrewarde, Middle English berewarde, Middle English–1500s barwarde, Middle English–1500s bereward, Middle English–1500s berward, Middle English–1500s berwarde, 1500s bearwarde, 1500s–1600s beareward, 1600s– bearward.

β. 1500s–1600s bearard, 1600s bearerd, 1600s berard, 1600s berod, 1600s berrord, 1800s berrod (English regional).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: bear n.¹, ward n.¹

Etymology: < bear n.¹ + ward n.¹ Compare later bearherd n.In sense 2 after classical Latin Arctophylax , the name of the constellation < ancient Greek Ἀρκτοϕύλαξ < ἄρκτος bear (see Arctic adj.) + ϕύλαξ guard (see phylactery n.). Compare also Arcturus n. Apparently attested earlier in the place name Beruerdescote, Derbyshire (1086; now Bearwardcote); compare also e.g. le Bereworde Gate (street name) Nottingham (c1240; now Mount Street), Bereward Lone (street name) Chester (c1240; later Berward Street, now lost).

1. In Britain: a person who takes care of bears, bulls, apes, or other animals, training and managing them for displays of public entertainment, such as baiting and dancing. Now historical.Attested earliest as a surname.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or breeding other animals > [noun] > keeper or tamer of wild beasts

bearward1179

leopard-man1390

masterc1425

bear-leader1503

bearherd1590

bear warden1740

lion-tamer1798

lion-keepera1843

1179 in B. Thuresson Middle Eng. Occup. Terms (1950) 190 Fulch. le Bereward'.

1281 in B. Thuresson Middle Eng. Occup. Terms (1950) 190 Alan. Berward.

c1400 ( in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) I. 364 A bereward fond a rag.

1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 156 I toke to the lorde Stanley is berward..vj.s. viij.d.

1551 J. Bale Actes Eng. Votaryes: 2nd Pt. f. cxviij They played with those worldly rulers..as the bearwardes ded with their apes and their beares.

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 35 Take sixpence in earnest of the Berrord, and leade his apes into hell.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) v. i. 208 Despight the Bearard [1594 Beare-ward], that protects the Beare.

1621 B. Jonson Masque of Augures 145 Very sufficient Beares, as any are in the ground: and can dance at first sight, and play their owne tunes, if need be. Iohn Vrson the Beareward offers to play them with any Citie-Dancers.

1819 W. Scott Drama in Encycl. Brit.: Suppl. 4th–6th Eds. III. ii. 660/1 The royal bear-ward..lodged a formal complaint at the feet of her majesty.

2003 Sixteenth Cent. Jrnl. 34 601 Players, musicians, ioculatores, jongleurs, and bear wards attached to the establishments of kings, queens, princes, princesses, and peers freelanced throughout West and East Sussex.

†2. (An English name of) the constellation Boötes, or its brightest star Arcturus, from its position near the Great Bear, Ursa Major. Obsolete.Cf. wainman n. 2, wagoner n.¹ 3b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Boötes

Arcturusc1374

bearward?c1475

Arthur's hufea1522

wainman1588

wagoner1590

Boötes1656

the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [noun] > Arcturus

Arcturusc1374

bearward?c1475

Arthur's hufea1522

plough star1558

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 9^v A barwarde [1483 BL Add. 89074 Barrewarde], arthophilax.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 39^v The rysing of the starre called the Berward.

1658 J. Palmer Catholique Planisphær 214/1 The Hair, the Bear-ward, and the Crown, And then comes Hercules kneeling down.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bearward
释义	bearwardn. Brit. /ˈbɛːwɔːd/, U.S. /ˈbɛrˌwɔrd/ Forms: α. Middle English barrewarde, Middle English berewarde, Middle English–1500s barwarde, Middle English–1500s bereward, Middle English–1500s berward, Middle English–1500s berwarde, 1500s bearwarde, 1500s–1600s beareward, 1600s– bearward. β. 1500s–1600s bearard, 1600s bearerd, 1600s berard, 1600s berod, 1600s berrord, 1800s berrod (English regional). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: bear n.¹, ward n.¹ Etymology: < bear n.¹ + ward n.¹ Compare later bearherd n.In sense 2 after classical Latin Arctophylax , the name of the constellation < ancient Greek Ἀρκτοϕύλαξ < ἄρκτος bear (see Arctic adj.) + ϕύλαξ guard (see phylactery n.). Compare also Arcturus n. Apparently attested earlier in the place name Beruerdescote, Derbyshire (1086; now Bearwardcote); compare also e.g. le Bereworde Gate (street name) Nottingham (c1240; now Mount Street), Bereward Lone (street name) Chester (c1240; later Berward Street, now lost). 1. In Britain: a person who takes care of bears, bulls, apes, or other animals, training and managing them for displays of public entertainment, such as baiting and dancing. Now historical.Attested earliest as a surname. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or breeding other animals > [noun] > keeper or tamer of wild beasts bearward1179 leopard-man1390 masterc1425 bear-leader1503 bearherd1590 bear warden1740 lion-tamer1798 lion-keepera1843 1179 in B. Thuresson Middle Eng. Occup. Terms (1950) 190 Fulch. le Bereward'. 1281 in B. Thuresson Middle Eng. Occup. Terms (1950) 190 Alan. Berward. c1400 ( in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) I. 364 A bereward fond a rag. 1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 156 I toke to the lorde Stanley is berward..vj.s. viij.d. 1551 J. Bale Actes Eng. Votaryes: 2nd Pt. f. cxviij They played with those worldly rulers..as the bearwardes ded with their apes and their beares. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 35 Take sixpence in earnest of the Berrord, and leade his apes into hell. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) v. i. 208 Despight the Bearard [1594 Beare-ward], that protects the Beare. 1621 B. Jonson Masque of Augures 145 Very sufficient Beares, as any are in the ground: and can dance at first sight, and play their owne tunes, if need be. Iohn Vrson the Beareward offers to play them with any Citie-Dancers. 1819 W. Scott Drama in Encycl. Brit.: Suppl. 4th–6th Eds. III. ii. 660/1 The royal bear-ward..lodged a formal complaint at the feet of her majesty. 2003 Sixteenth Cent. Jrnl. 34 601 Players, musicians, ioculatores, jongleurs, and bear wards attached to the establishments of kings, queens, princes, princesses, and peers freelanced throughout West and East Sussex. †2. (An English name of) the constellation Boötes, or its brightest star Arcturus, from its position near the Great Bear, Ursa Major. Obsolete.Cf. wainman n. 2, wagoner n.¹ 3b. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Boötes Arcturusc1374 bearward?c1475 Arthur's hufea1522 wainman1588 wagoner1590 Boötes1656 the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [noun] > Arcturus Arcturusc1374 bearward?c1475 Arthur's hufea1522 plough star1558 ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 9^v A barwarde [1483 BL Add. 89074 Barrewarde], arthophilax. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 39^v The rysing of the starre called the Berward. 1658 J. Palmer Catholique Planisphær 214/1 The Hair, the Bear-ward, and the Crown, And then comes Hercules kneeling down. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1179
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