plumbingn.

Brit.

/ˈplʌmɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpləmɪŋ/

Forms: see plumb v. and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: plumb v., -ing suffix¹; plumb n.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < plumb v. + -ing suffix¹, and partly < plumb n.¹ + -ing suffix¹. With sense 1 compare earlier plumber n. 1.

1. The action of plumb v. (in various senses). Now esp.: the work or trade of a plumber (plumber n. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > vertical position > [noun] > making vertical

plumbingc1450

verticalization1962

society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [noun]

plumbingc1450

plumbery1464

pipe fitting1858

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > measurement of other dimensions > [noun] > of height or depth > of depth below ground

plumbingc1450

c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. Origins of Angling (1963) 155 (MED) Þer be iij maner of plumbyng.

1667 R. Boyle in Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 335 What methods the mine~men use in following the Vein, and tracing their passages under ground (which they call Plumming and Dyalling) according to the several exigencies?

1704 Dict. Rusticum at Pope A Gravel River, the exact bottom whereof being found by plumbing.

1725 T. Badeslade Hist. Navigation King's-Lyn vii. 87 The Bottom of the River on Cambridge Side the Sluices..was ten Foot deeper than the Bottom on the Lenne Side,..as was proved by plumbing.

1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. 750 Ferrol, in plumbing, is a brass tube soldered to the lead pipe at one end, and then driven into the main water-pipe.

1880 Freeborn County (Minnesota) Standard 8 Apr. Fatal cases of typhoid fever..were attributable to the Centennial visitation—the neglected drainage, criminal insufficiency of water-closets and bad plumbing.

1886 York Herald 3 Aug. 7/6 ‘Plumbing’ was largely indulged in, top fishing being abandoned except in a few cases.

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Trade test, a test of proficiency in a given trade, such as plumbing.

1970 in R. Thorp & R. Blake Music of their Laughter 14/1 At seventeen, he knows enough about plumbing, carpentry, masonry, and tree surgery to build his own house and landscape the grounds.

2000 A. Bourdain Kitchen Confid. (2001) 93 Blue-uniformed porters whom he had personally trained in the manly arts of refrigeration repair, plumbing, basic metal work, glazing..and maintenance.

2. concrete.

†a. Leadwork; (sometimes) spec. lead as used to seal a box, parcel, etc. (see plumb v. 5). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > sealing > [noun] > engraved stamp used for > lead-sealing

plumbing1742

1742 R. Poole Journey France & Holland I. 6/1 This Seal, or plumbing, secures it [sc. the baggage] from being open'd in its Way.

1751 F. Walkingame Tutor's Assistant i. 13 By this Measure [i.e. Square Measure] are measured all Things that have Length and Breadth; such as Painting, Plaistering, Flooring, Thatching, Plumbing, and Glazing, &c.

1752 W. Lucas Five Weeks Tour to Paris (ed. 2) 12 You'll be stopt in your Chaise and search'd more strictly than before; that is, they will here examine your Pass and Plumbings, and also search every Corner of the whole Chaise.

b. The pipes (originally of lead), fittings, and other apparatus used for water supply, sanitation, etc., in a building.Sometimes euphemistic: a lavatory.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun] > water-closet or lavatory > W.C. appliances

lavatory basin1854

suite1883

toilet1894

lavatory1903

lavatory bowl1915

throne1922

potty1937

plumbing1950

1893 Fitchburg (Mass.) Daily Sentinel 21 Mar. All houses now entering the sewer should be inspected and wrong plumbing set right. All new plumbing should be first inspected.

1899 Westm. Gaz. 23 Oct. 2/3 They tore down gas-pipes, water-pipes, and electric wires from the walls, demolished the fixtures, wrenched the plumbing apart.

1937 Amer. Home Apr. 128/3 (advt.) Sani-Flush..puts an end to toilet odors... Sani-Flush cannot injure plumbing.

1950 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xiv. 50 Outside plumbing, euphemism for no plumbing, a privy.

1958 B. Behan Borstal Boy iii. 320 Jock was putting on outside plumbing and had a fire going in a brazier for melting lead.

1978 S. Allan Inside Job i. 18 I expect she wants to wash... Don't be obtuse... I want to show her the plumbing.

1996 J. C. Oates We were Mulvaneys 70 The plumbing at High Point Farm needed ‘remodernization’ as Corinne called it, the bathrooms especially.

3. Extended uses.

a. colloquial. A system of pipes, ducts, or (more generally) connections in an engine or other device.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube > pipe > system or arrangement of

piping1729

pipework1849

pipeline1856

reticulation1859

ring main1868

plumbinga1929

grid1943

a1929 in V. W. Pagé Mod. Aviation Engines (1929) II. xl. 1593 Courtney's flight, Franco's flight and the Polish flight were all three terminated by what is popularly known as ‘plumbing’ trouble... The engines stopped through failure of the feed lines.

1955 Sci. Amer. Oct. 34/3 New materials—e.g., liquid sodium as the coolant, beryllium as the moderator, zirconium for the ‘plumbing’..—may open the way for reactors..needing only a modest investment of fissile fuel.

1971 H. E. Ennes Television Broadcasting xii. 548 Fig. 12–11 illustrates typical microwave plumbing.

1989 Guardian (Nexis) 6 Nov. [He] manages to sound as if he prepares for every solo by stuffing the plumbing of his trombone with iron filings.

2000 N.Y. Times 15 Oct. iii. 16/1 Artisan set up a $50 million venture capital fund..to invest in start-ups working on new-media plumbing like streaming video and digital compression.

b. Jazz slang. A trumpet, trombone, or similar wind instrument; such instruments collectively. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > brass instruments > [noun]

brass1832

plumbing1935

1935 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Nov. 71/3 Plumbing or piston for trumpet.

1951 Cosmopolitan July 85 Hap said, ‘You with the plumbin', what's your name?’

1955 Vogue (U.S. ed.) 15 Sept. 124/1 (caption) Kai Winding and J. J. Johnson (above) pair their spruce, understated trombones (‘just plumbing’) against a backing of bass, drums and piano.

c. Geology. A system of interconnected natural channels and chambers which may carry water or magma, esp. such a system of conduits within a volcano.

ΚΠ

1937 C. M. Bauer Story of Yellowstone Geysers 47 There are about 18 geysers in this basin, but..they do not last very long for the violent action soon tears out part of the plumbing and the result is either a boiling pool or a hot spring.

1954 Geogr. Rev. 44 587 The inducing force for geyser activity lies below the surface, in the hot fluids that rise from magma to mingle with the ground water, and without doubt is deeper than the geyser's visible plumbing system.

1989 Omni Aug. 71/1 Seismic tomography now allows them to view a volcano's plumbing through computer imaging much the way CT scans analyze a person's bones.

2003 Canad. Geographic May 28/1 Researchers have found two underwater volcanoes or seamounts near Vancouver Island—one acting as the inlet and the other the outlet for a vast system of plumbing beneath the ocean floor.

d. colloquial (chiefly humorous). The tubular organs of the body; esp. the urinogenital system.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > urinary system > [noun]

waterworks1851

plumbing1942

1942 W. Pegler George Spelvin 84 Tended to shake down the victim's plumbing into a jumble in his flabby abdomen.

1960 in H. Wentworth & S. B. Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang 398/1 This mild little medicine will fix your constipation, your stomach, your plumbing.

1963 M. McCarthy Group v. 103 Helena had known about sex from a very early age but treated it as a joke, like what she called your plumbing.

1972 G. Bell Villains Galore iii. 31 Excuse me, Albert, but I must see to the plumbing. Won't be a minute.

1996 Loaded Sept. 227/4 70 American women GIs have returned from Bosnia with the miracle of new life taking place in their plumbing.

2003 Smut Summer Special 55/3 Why waste a load of cash on expensive gynaecology books when all you need to know about women's plumbing can be found on the top shelf of your local newsagent?

e. slang. Dental fillings. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > a restoration > filling(s)

plug1847

filling1848

plumbing1955

1955 J. Thomas No Banners xiv. 117 The fillings in his teeth had been removed and replaced by unmistakable French ‘plumbing’.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ΚΠ

1784 N.-Y. Gazetteer 28 Dec. in R. S. Gottesman Arts & Crafts in N.Y. (1938) I They propose forthwith to establish..the Plumbing Business in all its various branches, such as Water Pipe, with ornamented cisterns.

1849 Sci. Amer. 14 July 341/2 The filters that are sold in our Plumbing Establishments.

1897 B. Stoker Dracula xvi He took out a soldering iron and some plumbing solder.

1926 People's Home Jrnl. Feb. 32/3 A plumbing system must be laid out according to the quantity of water that is needed.

1978 R. P. Singhal Home Plumber's Bible iv. 119 The joint can be made with lead wool or shredded lead that you can buy at any plumbing store.

2004 C. Lee Aloft vii. 183 [He] was pretty much a man-child, with muscled forearms and full mustache and the armor-piercing b.o. of a plumbing contractor.

C2.

plumbing code n. chiefly U.S. a code regulating the installation or alteration of plumbing in buildings.

ΚΠ

1896 N.Y. Times 8 Nov. 2/7 Peter Schreve, a wealthy contractor,..was fined $50 Aug. 28 for violating the plumbing code.

1978 R. P. Singhal Home Plumber's Bible i. 13 Another thing you have to know about is the plumbing code applicable to your community.

2003 Contractor (Nexis) 1 Aug. 7 Philadelphia plumbing codes require drinking fountains in all places of public assembly.

† plumbing line n. Obsolete a plumb line.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > sounding-line or -rod

sounding-line1336

plumbc1425

lead-line1485

handline1535

bolye1552

fathom line1598

plumb line1648

sounda1653

hand lead1669

plumbing line1671

plumbing rope1693

sounder1811

sea-line1828

1671 J. Ogilby tr. O. Dapper et al. Atlas Chinensis 107 A sea-man was order'd to swim to Shore with the Plumming-line.

1688 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes iv. 136 I do not find that mens..plumming lines have reached above one mile of that great number.

† plumbing rope n. Obsolete = plumbing line n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > sounding-line or -rod

sounding-line1336

plumbc1425

lead-line1485

handline1535

bolye1552

fathom line1598

plumb line1648

sounda1653

hand lead1669

plumbing line1671

plumbing rope1693

sounder1811

sea-line1828

1693 W. Oliver Let. 15 July in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 908 Fastening our Bottle to our Plumbing rope, and with a Lead at the end, sunk it to the bottom of the Sea.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plumbing
释义	plumbingn. Brit. /ˈplʌmɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpləmɪŋ/ Forms: see plumb v. and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: plumb v., -ing suffix¹; plumb n.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < plumb v. + -ing suffix¹, and partly < plumb n.¹ + -ing suffix¹. With sense 1 compare earlier plumber n. 1. 1. The action of plumb v. (in various senses). Now esp.: the work or trade of a plumber (plumber n. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > vertical position > [noun] > making vertical plumbingc1450 verticalization1962 society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [noun] plumbingc1450 plumbery1464 pipe fitting1858 the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > measurement of other dimensions > [noun] > of height or depth > of depth below ground plumbingc1450 c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. Origins of Angling (1963) 155 (MED) Þer be iij maner of plumbyng. 1667 R. Boyle in Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 335 What methods the mine~men use in following the Vein, and tracing their passages under ground (which they call Plumming and Dyalling) according to the several exigencies? 1704 Dict. Rusticum at Pope A Gravel River, the exact bottom whereof being found by plumbing. 1725 T. Badeslade Hist. Navigation King's-Lyn vii. 87 The Bottom of the River on Cambridge Side the Sluices..was ten Foot deeper than the Bottom on the Lenne Side,..as was proved by plumbing. 1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. 750 Ferrol, in plumbing, is a brass tube soldered to the lead pipe at one end, and then driven into the main water-pipe. 1880 Freeborn County (Minnesota) Standard 8 Apr. Fatal cases of typhoid fever..were attributable to the Centennial visitation—the neglected drainage, criminal insufficiency of water-closets and bad plumbing. 1886 York Herald 3 Aug. 7/6 ‘Plumbing’ was largely indulged in, top fishing being abandoned except in a few cases. 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Trade test, a test of proficiency in a given trade, such as plumbing. 1970 in R. Thorp & R. Blake Music of their Laughter 14/1 At seventeen, he knows enough about plumbing, carpentry, masonry, and tree surgery to build his own house and landscape the grounds. 2000 A. Bourdain Kitchen Confid. (2001) 93 Blue-uniformed porters whom he had personally trained in the manly arts of refrigeration repair, plumbing, basic metal work, glazing..and maintenance. 2. concrete. †a. Leadwork; (sometimes) spec. lead as used to seal a box, parcel, etc. (see plumb v. 5). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > sealing > [noun] > engraved stamp used for > lead-sealing plumbing1742 1742 R. Poole Journey France & Holland I. 6/1 This Seal, or plumbing, secures it [sc. the baggage] from being open'd in its Way. 1751 F. Walkingame Tutor's Assistant i. 13 By this Measure [i.e. Square Measure] are measured all Things that have Length and Breadth; such as Painting, Plaistering, Flooring, Thatching, Plumbing, and Glazing, &c. 1752 W. Lucas Five Weeks Tour to Paris (ed. 2) 12 You'll be stopt in your Chaise and search'd more strictly than before; that is, they will here examine your Pass and Plumbings, and also search every Corner of the whole Chaise. b. The pipes (originally of lead), fittings, and other apparatus used for water supply, sanitation, etc., in a building.Sometimes euphemistic: a lavatory. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun] > water-closet or lavatory > W.C. appliances lavatory basin1854 suite1883 toilet1894 lavatory1903 lavatory bowl1915 throne1922 potty1937 plumbing1950 1893 Fitchburg (Mass.) Daily Sentinel 21 Mar. All houses now entering the sewer should be inspected and wrong plumbing set right. All new plumbing should be first inspected. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 23 Oct. 2/3 They tore down gas-pipes, water-pipes, and electric wires from the walls, demolished the fixtures, wrenched the plumbing apart. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 128/3 (advt.) Sani-Flush..puts an end to toilet odors... Sani-Flush cannot injure plumbing. 1950 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xiv. 50 Outside plumbing, euphemism for no plumbing, a privy. 1958 B. Behan Borstal Boy iii. 320 Jock was putting on outside plumbing and had a fire going in a brazier for melting lead. 1978 S. Allan Inside Job i. 18 I expect she wants to wash... Don't be obtuse... I want to show her the plumbing. 1996 J. C. Oates We were Mulvaneys 70 The plumbing at High Point Farm needed ‘remodernization’ as Corinne called it, the bathrooms especially. 3. Extended uses. a. colloquial. A system of pipes, ducts, or (more generally) connections in an engine or other device. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > conveyor > [noun] > conduit, channel, or tube > pipe > system or arrangement of piping1729 pipework1849 pipeline1856 reticulation1859 ring main1868 plumbinga1929 grid1943 a1929 in V. W. Pagé Mod. Aviation Engines (1929) II. xl. 1593 Courtney's flight, Franco's flight and the Polish flight were all three terminated by what is popularly known as ‘plumbing’ trouble... The engines stopped through failure of the feed lines. 1955 Sci. Amer. Oct. 34/3 New materials—e.g., liquid sodium as the coolant, beryllium as the moderator, zirconium for the ‘plumbing’..—may open the way for reactors..needing only a modest investment of fissile fuel. 1971 H. E. Ennes Television Broadcasting xii. 548 Fig. 12–11 illustrates typical microwave plumbing. 1989 Guardian (Nexis) 6 Nov. [He] manages to sound as if he prepares for every solo by stuffing the plumbing of his trombone with iron filings. 2000 N.Y. Times 15 Oct. iii. 16/1 Artisan set up a $50 million venture capital fund..to invest in start-ups working on new-media plumbing like streaming video and digital compression. b. Jazz slang. A trumpet, trombone, or similar wind instrument; such instruments collectively. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > brass instruments > [noun] brass1832 plumbing1935 1935 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Nov. 71/3 Plumbing or piston for trumpet. 1951 Cosmopolitan July 85 Hap said, ‘You with the plumbin', what's your name?’ 1955 Vogue (U.S. ed.) 15 Sept. 124/1 (caption) Kai Winding and J. J. Johnson (above) pair their spruce, understated trombones (‘just plumbing’) against a backing of bass, drums and piano. c. Geology. A system of interconnected natural channels and chambers which may carry water or magma, esp. such a system of conduits within a volcano. ΚΠ 1937 C. M. Bauer Story of Yellowstone Geysers 47 There are about 18 geysers in this basin, but..they do not last very long for the violent action soon tears out part of the plumbing and the result is either a boiling pool or a hot spring. 1954 Geogr. Rev. 44 587 The inducing force for geyser activity lies below the surface, in the hot fluids that rise from magma to mingle with the ground water, and without doubt is deeper than the geyser's visible plumbing system. 1989 Omni Aug. 71/1 Seismic tomography now allows them to view a volcano's plumbing through computer imaging much the way CT scans analyze a person's bones. 2003 Canad. Geographic May 28/1 Researchers have found two underwater volcanoes or seamounts near Vancouver Island—one acting as the inlet and the other the outlet for a vast system of plumbing beneath the ocean floor. d. colloquial (chiefly humorous). The tubular organs of the body; esp. the urinogenital system. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > urinary system > [noun] waterworks1851 plumbing1942 1942 W. Pegler George Spelvin 84 Tended to shake down the victim's plumbing into a jumble in his flabby abdomen. 1960 in H. Wentworth & S. B. Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang 398/1 This mild little medicine will fix your constipation, your stomach, your plumbing. 1963 M. McCarthy Group v. 103 Helena had known about sex from a very early age but treated it as a joke, like what she called your plumbing. 1972 G. Bell Villains Galore iii. 31 Excuse me, Albert, but I must see to the plumbing. Won't be a minute. 1996 Loaded Sept. 227/4 70 American women GIs have returned from Bosnia with the miracle of new life taking place in their plumbing. 2003 Smut Summer Special 55/3 Why waste a load of cash on expensive gynaecology books when all you need to know about women's plumbing can be found on the top shelf of your local newsagent? e. slang. Dental fillings. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > a restoration > filling(s) plug1847 filling1848 plumbing1955 1955 J. Thomas No Banners xiv. 117 The fillings in his teeth had been removed and replaced by unmistakable French ‘plumbing’. Compounds C1. General attributive. ΚΠ 1784 N.-Y. Gazetteer 28 Dec. in R. S. Gottesman Arts & Crafts in N.Y. (1938) I They propose forthwith to establish..the Plumbing Business in all its various branches, such as Water Pipe, with ornamented cisterns. 1849 Sci. Amer. 14 July 341/2 The filters that are sold in our Plumbing Establishments. 1897 B. Stoker Dracula xvi He took out a soldering iron and some plumbing solder. 1926 People's Home Jrnl. Feb. 32/3 A plumbing system must be laid out according to the quantity of water that is needed. 1978 R. P. Singhal Home Plumber's Bible iv. 119 The joint can be made with lead wool or shredded lead that you can buy at any plumbing store. 2004 C. Lee Aloft vii. 183 [He] was pretty much a man-child, with muscled forearms and full mustache and the armor-piercing b.o. of a plumbing contractor. C2. plumbing code n. chiefly U.S. a code regulating the installation or alteration of plumbing in buildings. ΚΠ 1896 N.Y. Times 8 Nov. 2/7 Peter Schreve, a wealthy contractor,..was fined $50 Aug. 28 for violating the plumbing code. 1978 R. P. Singhal Home Plumber's Bible i. 13 Another thing you have to know about is the plumbing code applicable to your community. 2003 Contractor (Nexis) 1 Aug. 7 Philadelphia plumbing codes require drinking fountains in all places of public assembly. † plumbing line n. Obsolete a plumb line. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > sounding-line or -rod sounding-line1336 plumbc1425 lead-line1485 handline1535 bolye1552 fathom line1598 plumb line1648 sounda1653 hand lead1669 plumbing line1671 plumbing rope1693 sounder1811 sea-line1828 1671 J. Ogilby tr. O. Dapper et al. Atlas Chinensis 107 A sea-man was order'd to swim to Shore with the Plumming-line. 1688 R. Boyle Disquis. Final Causes iv. 136 I do not find that mens..plumming lines have reached above one mile of that great number. † plumbing rope n. Obsolete = plumbing line n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > sounding-line or -rod sounding-line1336 plumbc1425 lead-line1485 handline1535 bolye1552 fathom line1598 plumb line1648 sounda1653 hand lead1669 plumbing line1671 plumbing rope1693 sounder1811 sea-line1828 1693 W. Oliver Let. 15 July in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 908 Fastening our Bottle to our Plumbing rope, and with a Lead at the end, sunk it to the bottom of the Sea. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). plumbingadj. Brit. /ˈplʌmɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpləmɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: plumb v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < plumb v. (compare branch III. at that entry) + -ing suffix². Compare earlier plumbing n. Engaged in plumbing; that is a plumber. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > conducting of water, etc., by channels or pipes > plumbing and pipework > [adjective] plumbing1896 1896 Daily News 1 Feb. 3/1 Even the plumbing fraternity cannot grumble. It is a mistake..to suppose that a very rigorous winter is the best for plumbers. 1956 Times 26 Oct. 12/7 The great freeze-up was still on, and the whole plumbing fraternity were rushing to the aid of waterless citizens. 1993 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 31 May ii. 21 The plumbing heroes of ‘Super Mario Bros.’, inspired by the enormously popular video game. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1450adj.1896
随便看	high-conductivity high-cost high-couraged high-crested high-cristobalite high-crowned high-current high-cut high-day noon high-definition high-density high-density lipoprotein high-descended high-dollar high-domed high-dose high-dressed high-dried high-dried irish high-dudgeoned high-duty high-efficiency high-end high-energy high-famed

plumbingn.

Compounds

plumbingadj.