pomacen.

Brit.

/ˈpʌmɪs/,

/ˈpɒmɪs/, U.S.

/ˈpəməs/

Forms: late Middle English pomys, 1500s pomes, 1500s pomois, 1600s pomass, 1600s pumis, 1600s 1800s– pomice (now English regional), 1600s–1800s pummice, 1600s– pomace, 1700s pommice, 1700s– pumice, 1700s– pummace (now English regional), 1900s– pommace (English regional (Somerset)).

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pomacium.

Etymology: Apparently < post-classical Latin pomacium, pomatium cider (late 8th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources), perhaps alteration of pomaceum , although this is first attested later (1578; < classical Latin pōmum (see pome n.¹) + -āceum , neuter of -āceus : see -aceous suffix; compare pomaceous adj.¹). With senses 2 and 3 compare French regional (northern) pomas , poma , pomat pulp from cider making (not dated in dictionaries of French); also Middle French pommage (in cider-making) apple orchards, apple harvest (1582; also French regional (Normandy, Anjou) in sense ‘kind of apple, kind of apple tree’; compare also French regional (Blain, St Seurin) pommasse wild apple). Compare earlier pomade n.¹, and later pummy n.

†1. Cider. Obsolete. rare. Cf. pomade n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > cider > [noun]

ciderc1315

pomadec1400

pomacec1450

pommage1576

apple water1606

pomatum1657

hard cider1786

c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 604/5 (MED) Pomacium, anglice, pomys.

a. The pulpy matter remaining after a substance has been pressed to extract the oil or juice.Formerly applied spec. to such residue when used as fertilizer; e.g. the remains of fish after the oil has been extracted, the cake left after castor oil has been pressed from the beans (more fully castor pomace), etc. Now frequently applied to the skins and stems of grapes after the juice has been pressed out for winemaking.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > remains after extraction of animal or fish oil

pomacec1450

scraps1631

fenks1820

pogy chum1858

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > fertilizing or manuring > [noun] > use of other natural fertilizers > other natural fertilizers

marl1280

pomacec1450

cod's head1545

buck-ashes1563

bucking-ashes1577

guano1604

greaves1614

rape cake1634

muck1660

wool-nipping1669

willow-earth1683

green dressing1732

bone flour1758

bone powder1758

poudrette1764

bone dust1771

green manure1785

fish-manure1788

wassal1797

lime-rubbish1805

Bude sand1808

bone1813

cancerine1840

inch-bones1846

bonemeal1849

silver sand1851

fish guano1857

food1857

terramare1866

kainite1868

fish-flour1879

soil1879

fish-scrap1881

gas lime1882

bean cake1887

inoculant1916

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils > remaining mass after expression of

pouse1673

poonac1843

pomace1877

c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) 328 (MED) Tak an handfull of nettyls and bray hem and wrynge out the Juys & drynk it, & take the pomys þeroff and lay to þe emerauntis.

1786 G. Washington Diary 14 Nov. (1979) V. 67 Beat about one Bushel of the Wild Crab into pummice, and sowed it in the hop Inclosure.

1798 Columbian Almanac 1799 28 We squeeze the grapes out from the liquor with our hands, as clean as we can, and then throw the pumice into a separate tub.

1861 Agric. Maine VI. 44 The residuum left after expressing the oil, that is the cake, pumice, or as commonly called, the chum, which contains nearly the whole fertilizing portions of the fish.

1877 Rep. Connecticut Board Agric. (1878) 395 In some [fertilizers], castor pomace, leather scraps, and other cheaper materials are used.

1896 Yearbk. U.S. Dept. Agric. 1895 192 Castor-oil plants... The pomace is considered valuable for fertilizing purposes.

1898 U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries XXII. 479 The ‘fish cuttings’ and refuse fish which accumulate at the canneries are made into pomace and sold for fertilizer.

1919 Vinegar Hand Bk. (Hydraulic Press Manuf. Co.) 20 Repressing of pomace is a profitable practice followed by many successful vinegar manufacturers.

1949 ‘J. Nelson’ Backwoods Teacher 190 Lonny Haskins..was now forking ‘plummy’ (pomace—the crushed cane stalks) to one side.

1992 European Trav. & Life Mar. 17/2 The pomace (the leftover skins, stems, and seeds) is fermented to make the local eau-de-vie, the marc de Champagne, which they say grows hair on your chest.

b. Anything crushed or pounded to a pulp. Now rare (English regional in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [noun] > pulpiness or mushiness > pulp

pomace1555

mash1598

mummy1601

pulp1633

pomate1699

pulpament1699

pummy1754

mush1824

pash1825

smush1825

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. sig. G.i Then put they the fisshe into the hollowes of the rocques, and beate it to pomois.

?1706 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft: 2nd Pt. i. 13 Thus we poor little frail Mortals (like Corn between two great contrary Mill-stones) are bruised to Pommice.

1766 Compl. Farmer at Madder These roots are cut..and pounded in mortars..till they are reduced into a kind of pummice.

1830 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia II. 264 I will beat you to a pummace.

1892 East Anglia Daily Times in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 575/2 My leg fare all of a pummace and that doke in good tidily.

3. The crushed apples in cider-making.

a. The solid pulp remaining after the juice has been pressed out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > cider-making > [noun] > apple pulp

pomace1572

apple pomace1664

cider-pressings1664

must1670

cider-marc1676

pug1676

pouse1704

pressing1707

apple cheese1708

pommagec1769

pummy1843

1572 L. Mascall tr. D. Brossard L'Art et Maniere de Semer ii, in Bk. Plant & Graffe Trees 6 Though the Pepins be sowen of the pomes of Peares and good Apples.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 80 in Sylva Sow, as yet, Pomace of Cider-pressings to raise Nurseries.

1676 J. Worlidge Vinetum Britannicum 102 Scalding water, wherein you may boyl Apple-pumis.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 5 If you sow Apple or Crab Kernels, sow the Pummace with them, which will come up the first Year.

1884 T. Hardy Interlopers at Knap in Eng. Illustr. Mag. May 502/1 Where the..dunghills smell of pomace instead of stable refuse.

1897 Evesham Jrnl. 16 Jan. The pomice or must after cider abstraction.

1967 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 14 June c8/1 They had eaten fermented pomace left over from cider-making.

1995 Times 21 Jan. (Weekend section) 17/3 Pomace—the apple pulp, oxidised to a deep brown, that is left behind after the juice has been squeezed out.

b. The mass of crushed apple before the juice is pressed out.

ΚΠ

1764 T. H. Croker et al. Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. at Cyder The apples are then ground, and the pummice is received in a large open-mouthed vessel.

1818 W. H. Marshall Rev. II. 523 The pummice is wrung in hair bags, after which it is put in a tub.

1885 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Prophet Great Smoky Mountains 297 Jacob tole him whar the cave war, an' 'bout haulin' the apples fur pomace.

1943 Archit. Rev. 94 137/3 Glazed channels covered with planks, so that at every moving of the ‘mock’ (as they call the pile of pomace and pomace-cloths) the drippings shall not be wasted.

2004 Denver Post (Nexis) 7 Sept. f1 A crank is turned to grind the apples and feed the pomace into wooden tubs about a foot in diameter. When the tubs fill, they are pushed ahead under a giant wooden screw that is turned by hand to press the mash.

†4. The offal of a sheep or lamb. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > body and parts of > head and internal organs

pomace1688

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 83/2 Pomass of a sheep, is all the Intrals.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 88/1 Sheep Pummices is the Head, Heart, Lights, Liver, and Wind-Pipe of a Sheep all hanging together.

1750 Smith's Compl. Housewife (ed. 14) 66 To hash a Lamb's Pumice.

Compounds

pomace fly n. a fruit fly of the genus Drosophila.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Cyclorrhapha > family Drosophilidae > member of (drosophila)

drosophila1829

pomace fly1896

1896 J. B. Smith Econ. Entomol. ii. viii. 367 (caption) A pomace fly and its larva, Drosophila species.

1924 J. A. Thomson Sci. Old & New xxvii. 152 When the pomace-fly, Drosophila, is feeding on fermenting fruit, it must have yeasts to help it.

1946 C. T. Brues Insect Dietary v. 194 The pomace fly, Drosophila, so successfully used by geneticists to elucidate the processes of inheritance, has likewise served..to demonstrate some of the food relations of microphagous insects.

1997 Jrnl. Insect Behaviour 10 771 Molecular analysis suggests that the pomace fly Drosophila melanogaster acquired..transposable elements from another Drosophila species.

pomace-shovel n. a shovel used for pomace.

ΚΠ

1887 T. Hardy Woodlanders II. xii. 229 The blades of the pomace-shovels, which had been converted to steel mirrors by the action of the malic acid.

2000 Press Democrat (Santa Rosa, Calif.) (Electronic ed.) 2 Dec. d8 (caption) Mechanized pomace shovel takes danger out of job.

pomace tub n. now historical and rare. a tub used to contain the pomace during the cider-making process.

ΚΠ

1750 C. Leadbetter Royal Gauger (ed. 3) ii. v. 270 The Officer..must enter..the Presses at Work, and the Depths and Contents of the Pumice-Tubs,..and when any Cyder is returned on Pumice.

1925 Bridgeport (Connecticut) Telegram 9 Sept. 12/5 I can remember how the insects used to swarm around the pomace tubs when cider was being made at Moddy's Mill.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pomace
释义	pomacen. Brit. /ˈpʌmɪs/, /ˈpɒmɪs/, U.S. /ˈpəməs/ Forms: late Middle English pomys, 1500s pomes, 1500s pomois, 1600s pomass, 1600s pumis, 1600s 1800s– pomice (now English regional), 1600s–1800s pummice, 1600s– pomace, 1700s pommice, 1700s– pumice, 1700s– pummace (now English regional), 1900s– pommace (English regional (Somerset)). Origin: Apparently a borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pomacium. Etymology: Apparently < post-classical Latin pomacium, pomatium cider (late 8th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources), perhaps alteration of pomaceum , although this is first attested later (1578; < classical Latin pōmum (see pome n.¹) + -āceum , neuter of -āceus : see -aceous suffix; compare pomaceous adj.¹). With senses 2 and 3 compare French regional (northern) pomas , poma , pomat pulp from cider making (not dated in dictionaries of French); also Middle French pommage (in cider-making) apple orchards, apple harvest (1582; also French regional (Normandy, Anjou) in sense ‘kind of apple, kind of apple tree’; compare also French regional (Blain, St Seurin) pommasse wild apple). Compare earlier pomade n.¹, and later pummy n. †1. Cider. Obsolete. rare. Cf. pomade n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > cider > [noun] ciderc1315 pomadec1400 pomacec1450 pommage1576 apple water1606 pomatum1657 hard cider1786 c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 604/5 (MED) Pomacium, anglice, pomys. 2. a. The pulpy matter remaining after a substance has been pressed to extract the oil or juice.Formerly applied spec. to such residue when used as fertilizer; e.g. the remains of fish after the oil has been extracted, the cake left after castor oil has been pressed from the beans (more fully castor pomace), etc. Now frequently applied to the skins and stems of grapes after the juice has been pressed out for winemaking. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > remains after extraction of animal or fish oil pomacec1450 scraps1631 fenks1820 pogy chum1858 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > fertilizing or manuring > [noun] > use of other natural fertilizers > other natural fertilizers marl1280 pomacec1450 cod's head1545 buck-ashes1563 bucking-ashes1577 guano1604 greaves1614 rape cake1634 muck1660 wool-nipping1669 willow-earth1683 green dressing1732 bone flour1758 bone powder1758 poudrette1764 bone dust1771 green manure1785 fish-manure1788 wassal1797 lime-rubbish1805 Bude sand1808 bone1813 cancerine1840 inch-bones1846 bonemeal1849 silver sand1851 fish guano1857 food1857 terramare1866 kainite1868 fish-flour1879 soil1879 fish-scrap1881 gas lime1882 bean cake1887 inoculant1916 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils > remaining mass after expression of pouse1673 poonac1843 pomace1877 c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) 328 (MED) Tak an handfull of nettyls and bray hem and wrynge out the Juys & drynk it, & take the pomys þeroff and lay to þe emerauntis. 1786 G. Washington Diary 14 Nov. (1979) V. 67 Beat about one Bushel of the Wild Crab into pummice, and sowed it in the hop Inclosure. 1798 Columbian Almanac 1799 28 We squeeze the grapes out from the liquor with our hands, as clean as we can, and then throw the pumice into a separate tub. 1861 Agric. Maine VI. 44 The residuum left after expressing the oil, that is the cake, pumice, or as commonly called, the chum, which contains nearly the whole fertilizing portions of the fish. 1877 Rep. Connecticut Board Agric. (1878) 395 In some [fertilizers], castor pomace, leather scraps, and other cheaper materials are used. 1896 Yearbk. U.S. Dept. Agric. 1895 192 Castor-oil plants... The pomace is considered valuable for fertilizing purposes. 1898 U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries XXII. 479 The ‘fish cuttings’ and refuse fish which accumulate at the canneries are made into pomace and sold for fertilizer. 1919 Vinegar Hand Bk. (Hydraulic Press Manuf. Co.) 20 Repressing of pomace is a profitable practice followed by many successful vinegar manufacturers. 1949 ‘J. Nelson’ Backwoods Teacher 190 Lonny Haskins..was now forking ‘plummy’ (pomace—the crushed cane stalks) to one side. 1992 European Trav. & Life Mar. 17/2 The pomace (the leftover skins, stems, and seeds) is fermented to make the local eau-de-vie, the marc de Champagne, which they say grows hair on your chest. b. Anything crushed or pounded to a pulp. Now rare (English regional in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [noun] > pulpiness or mushiness > pulp pomace1555 mash1598 mummy1601 pulp1633 pomate1699 pulpament1699 pummy1754 mush1824 pash1825 smush1825 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. vi. sig. G.i Then put they the fisshe into the hollowes of the rocques, and beate it to pomois. ?1706 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft: 2nd Pt. i. 13 Thus we poor little frail Mortals (like Corn between two great contrary Mill-stones) are bruised to Pommice. 1766 Compl. Farmer at Madder These roots are cut..and pounded in mortars..till they are reduced into a kind of pummice. 1830 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia II. 264 I will beat you to a pummace. 1892 East Anglia Daily Times in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 575/2 My leg fare all of a pummace and that doke in good tidily. 3. The crushed apples in cider-making. a. The solid pulp remaining after the juice has been pressed out. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > cider-making > [noun] > apple pulp pomace1572 apple pomace1664 cider-pressings1664 must1670 cider-marc1676 pug1676 pouse1704 pressing1707 apple cheese1708 pommagec1769 pummy1843 1572 L. Mascall tr. D. Brossard L'Art et Maniere de Semer ii, in Bk. Plant & Graffe Trees 6 Though the Pepins be sowen of the pomes of Peares and good Apples. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 80 in Sylva Sow, as yet, Pomace of Cider-pressings to raise Nurseries. 1676 J. Worlidge Vinetum Britannicum 102 Scalding water, wherein you may boyl Apple-pumis. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 5 If you sow Apple or Crab Kernels, sow the Pummace with them, which will come up the first Year. 1884 T. Hardy Interlopers at Knap in Eng. Illustr. Mag. May 502/1 Where the..dunghills smell of pomace instead of stable refuse. 1897 Evesham Jrnl. 16 Jan. The pomice or must after cider abstraction. 1967 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 14 June c8/1 They had eaten fermented pomace left over from cider-making. 1995 Times 21 Jan. (Weekend section) 17/3 Pomace—the apple pulp, oxidised to a deep brown, that is left behind after the juice has been squeezed out. b. The mass of crushed apple before the juice is pressed out. ΚΠ 1764 T. H. Croker et al. Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. at Cyder The apples are then ground, and the pummice is received in a large open-mouthed vessel. 1818 W. H. Marshall Rev. II. 523 The pummice is wrung in hair bags, after which it is put in a tub. 1885 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Prophet Great Smoky Mountains 297 Jacob tole him whar the cave war, an' 'bout haulin' the apples fur pomace. 1943 Archit. Rev. 94 137/3 Glazed channels covered with planks, so that at every moving of the ‘mock’ (as they call the pile of pomace and pomace-cloths) the drippings shall not be wasted. 2004 Denver Post (Nexis) 7 Sept. f1 A crank is turned to grind the apples and feed the pomace into wooden tubs about a foot in diameter. When the tubs fill, they are pushed ahead under a giant wooden screw that is turned by hand to press the mash. †4. The offal of a sheep or lamb. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > body and parts of > head and internal organs pomace1688 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 83/2 Pomass of a sheep, is all the Intrals. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 88/1 Sheep Pummices is the Head, Heart, Lights, Liver, and Wind-Pipe of a Sheep all hanging together. 1750 Smith's Compl. Housewife (ed. 14) 66 To hash a Lamb's Pumice. Compounds pomace fly n. a fruit fly of the genus Drosophila. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Cyclorrhapha > family Drosophilidae > member of (drosophila) drosophila1829 pomace fly1896 1896 J. B. Smith Econ. Entomol. ii. viii. 367 (caption) A pomace fly and its larva, Drosophila species. 1924 J. A. Thomson Sci. Old & New xxvii. 152 When the pomace-fly, Drosophila, is feeding on fermenting fruit, it must have yeasts to help it. 1946 C. T. Brues Insect Dietary v. 194 The pomace fly, Drosophila, so successfully used by geneticists to elucidate the processes of inheritance, has likewise served..to demonstrate some of the food relations of microphagous insects. 1997 Jrnl. Insect Behaviour 10 771 Molecular analysis suggests that the pomace fly Drosophila melanogaster acquired..transposable elements from another Drosophila species. pomace-shovel n. a shovel used for pomace. ΚΠ 1887 T. Hardy Woodlanders II. xii. 229 The blades of the pomace-shovels, which had been converted to steel mirrors by the action of the malic acid. 2000 Press Democrat (Santa Rosa, Calif.) (Electronic ed.) 2 Dec. d8 (caption) Mechanized pomace shovel takes danger out of job. pomace tub n. now historical and rare. a tub used to contain the pomace during the cider-making process. ΚΠ 1750 C. Leadbetter Royal Gauger (ed. 3) ii. v. 270 The Officer..must enter..the Presses at Work, and the Depths and Contents of the Pumice-Tubs,..and when any Cyder is returned on Pumice. 1925 Bridgeport (Connecticut) Telegram 9 Sept. 12/5 I can remember how the insects used to swarm around the pomace tubs when cider was being made at Moddy's Mill. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1450
随便看	leave a person well leave a thing alone leave a thing be leave a thing hanging leave a thing on ice laughing matter laughing muscle laughing off laughing owl laughing peal laughing post laughing stake laughing stock laughing-eyed laughing-thrush laughingeyed laughinglier laughingliest laughingly laughings laughingthrush laughless laughmaker laughometer laughoutloud