poniardn.

Brit.

/ˈpɒnjəd/,

/ˈpɒnjɑːd/, U.S.

/ˈpɑnjərd/

Forms: 1500s poynarde, 1500s–1600s poyniard, 1500s–1600s poynyard, 1500s–1600s puniard, 1500s–1700s poynard, 1500s–1800s poinard, 1600s poigniard, 1600s poinred, 1600s poinyard, 1600s ponard, 1600s poneyard, 1600s poyneard, 1600s pugniard, 1600s puinyeard (Scottish), 1600s punniard, 1600s punyard, 1600s–1700s ponyard, 1600s–1800s (1800s– English regional (Dorset)) poignard, 1600s– poniard.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French poignard.

Etymology: < Middle French, French poignard small, slim dagger (1512 as pongnard ; earlier as poignart in sense ‘kind of weapon’ (c1460)), alteration (compare -ard suffix) of Middle French poignal dagger (14th cent.; 13th cent. in Old French in sense ‘hilt of a sword’; earlier as adjective in senses ‘which one holds in the hand’ (c1165), ‘(of weapons, missiles) which one operates with the fist’ (c1165)), apparently < post-classical Latin pugnalis (adjective) of or relating to a fist (although this is apparently first attested later: 1386 in gladius pugnalis hand-sword; earlier as noun, denoting a cuff (1238 in a British source; compare also pugnale cuff (1295)) < classical Latin pugnus fist (see pugnacious adj.) + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan ponhal dagger (14th cent.; earlier as adjective in senses ‘which one holds in the hand’, ‘(of weapons, missiles) which one operates with the fist’ (13th or 14th cent.)), Catalan punyal dagger (early 14th cent.), Spanish puñal dagger (probably 13th cent.; also as adjective in senses ‘as large as a fist’ (c1250), ‘which one holds in the fist’ (1261 in cuchillo puñal dagger, literally ‘fist knife’)), Italian pugnale dagger (14th or 15th cent.).

a. A small, slim dagger. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > knife or dagger > [noun]

saxa800

knifec1175

pricka1350

awla1387

daggerc1386

puncheonc1425

custil1447

punch?1480

murdererc1500

pointela1522

poniard1533

pounce1545

poignado?a1549

slaughmess1548

dirk1557

pistolesea1566

parazone1623

coutel1647

chiv1673

couteau1677

cuttoe1678

sticker1772

cultel1824

skewer1838

snicker1847

shiv1915

chib1929

1533 in tr. Erasmus Enchiridion Militis Christiani Printer's Pref. sig. a*.i^v Who knoweth it not than this wyll teche hym here In his breuyer poynarde or manuell.

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. D2 Twere a long poinard my lord, to reach betweene Oxford and Fresingfield.

1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. iii. sig. C4 Let your poyneard maintaine your defence thus.

a1640 P. Massinger Beleeue as you List (1976) iv. ii. 41 What haue wee heere? A poniard, and a halter.

a1680 Jus Populi 414 in G. Hickes Spirit of Popery (1680) 68 They need not fear either Dag, or Dagger, Pistol, or poisoned poinyard.

1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey III. xi. 120 Sheath thy ponyard.

1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 305 Worse than a poinard in the basest hand.

1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. l. 33 If subtle poniards, wrapt beneath the cloke, Could blunt the sabre's edge, or clear the cannon's smoke.

1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour ix. 179 A dagger, sometimes so short that it is really a poignard.

1898 Argosy Aug. 26 Immediately a dozen poniards struck home and Griswold sank moaning to the floor.

1966 L. Braun Cat who could read Backwards iv. 43 Only the historic weapons stirred his enthusiasm..Spanish stylets and rapiers, Italian poniards.

1986 Wired Nov. 138/3 We've got a long pig-iron poniard with a fingerprint-proof handle made of tightly-wrapped string.

b. figurative and in figurative context.

ΚΠ

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 232 She speakes poynyards, and euery word stabbes.

1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi Hist. Civil Warres Eng. I. v. 104 Every motion made them give Allarum's, all which were punyards which wounded Philip.

1781 R. Jephson Count of Narbonne iii. vi. 45 My son, my son, Thy words are poniards here.

1838 H. H. Milman tr. F. Guizot in E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvi. 479 (note) He instantly issued edicts, written, if I may use the expression, with a poniard.

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick liv. 277 Stabbing him in the eye with the unflinching poniard of his glance.

1901 N. Amer. Rev. Feb. 220 Gibraltar is a poniard, always plunged into a wound that has never been healed.

1937 L. Mann Murder in Sydney iv. 59 The water darkened into a glossy darkness, stabbed with quivering poniards of gold.

1996 Éire-Ireland Spring–Summer 54 Law is the poniard with which England stabs her victims before she undisguisedly proceeds to noonday murder.

2. English regional (south-western). A farm implement used in stacking hay. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > other agricultural implements

visgy1777

tomahawk1793

potato-scoop1810

rice stick1832

seed feeder1851

poniard1874

aphicide1883

thinner1943

mist blower1946

dung fork1951

wind-machine1976

1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. vii. 82 He had stuck his ricking-rod, groom, or poignard, as it was indifferently called—a long iron lance, sharp at the extremity and polished by handling—into the stack to support the sheaves.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poniardv.

Brit.

/ˈpɒnjəd/,

/ˈpɒnjɑːd/, U.S.

/ˈpɑnjərd/

Forms: see poniard n.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: poniard n.

Etymology: < poniard n. Compare Middle French, French poignarder (1556 in sense 1).

1. transitive. To stab, esp. to death, with a poniard. Also figurative. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by stabbing or cutting

snithec725

ofstingeOE

stickOE

to sting to death13..

to put (do) to the sword1338

throata1382

to strike dead, to (the) deathc1390

hewc1400

stab1530

to stab (a person) in1530

poniard1593

stiletto1613

jugulate1623

kris1625

dagger1694

pike1787

to cut down1821

sword1863

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > wound with sharp weapon

woundc760

stickOE

snese?c1225

stokea1300

steekc1300

bearc1330

stangc1340

chop1362

broach1377

foinc1380

strikec1390

borea1400

dag?a1400

gorea1400

gridea1400

staira1400

through-girdc1405

thrustc1410

runc1425

to run throughc1425

traversec1425

spitc1430

through-seeka1500

stitch1527

falchiona1529

stab1530

to stab (a person) in1530

stob?1530

rutc1540

rove?c1550

push1551

foxa1566

stoga1572

poniard1593

dirk1599

bestab1600

poach1602

stiletto1613

stocka1640

inrun1653

stoccado1677

dagger1694

whip1699

bayonetc1700

tomahawk1711

stug1722

chiv1725

kittle1786

sabre1790

halberd1825

jab1825

skewer1837

sword1863

poke1866

spear1869

whinger1892

pig-stick1902

shiv1926

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > use of knives > stab with knife [verb (transitive)]

poniard1593

dirk1599

dagger1694

shank1949

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 39^v He was all to be poynyarded in the Senate house.

1601 W. T. tr. R. Nannini Civill Consid. 16 In continual feare to be poyniarded.

1605 1st Pt. Jeronimo sig. Bii^v I should haue Ponyarded the villaynes bowels.

1684 J. Dryden tr. L. Maimbourg Hist. League iii. 409 Those of the 45 who had Ponyarded the Duke, refus'd in plain terms to embrue their hands in the bloud of a Cardinal.

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Mar. (1965) I. 380 She threw her selfe at the Sultan's feet and begg'd him to poniard her.

1781 W. Cowper Charity 508 Prepared to poignard whomsoe'er they meet.

1820 W. Scott Abbot I. iv. 94 That this young esquire shall poniard the servants, as well as switch and batton them.

1887 G. Saintsbury Hist. Elizabethan Lit. iii. 76 He was poniarded in self-defence by..a serving-man.

1945 E. A. Popham Drawings Leonardo Da Vinci vi. 53 Another minute sheet at Venice has three studies for the two men beneath the horses' bellies, one poniarding the other.

1996 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 6 Dec. a De Malavoy hones his own wit, learns how to bait and poniard rivals.

†2. transitive. To fasten or fix up (a person's hair) with long pins. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with pins or pegs > with specific type

thorn1605

poniard1620

dowel1712

toggle1836

pivot1842

safety-pin1892

1620 T. Middleton & W. Rowley World Tost sig. F^v Those faire Ladies..are neither trimm'd nor truss'd, nor ponyarded.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	poniard
释义	poniardn. Brit. /ˈpɒnjəd/, /ˈpɒnjɑːd/, U.S. /ˈpɑnjərd/ Forms: 1500s poynarde, 1500s–1600s poyniard, 1500s–1600s poynyard, 1500s–1600s puniard, 1500s–1700s poynard, 1500s–1800s poinard, 1600s poigniard, 1600s poinred, 1600s poinyard, 1600s ponard, 1600s poneyard, 1600s poyneard, 1600s pugniard, 1600s puinyeard (Scottish), 1600s punniard, 1600s punyard, 1600s–1700s ponyard, 1600s–1800s (1800s– English regional (Dorset)) poignard, 1600s– poniard. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French poignard. Etymology: < Middle French, French poignard small, slim dagger (1512 as pongnard ; earlier as poignart in sense ‘kind of weapon’ (c1460)), alteration (compare -ard suffix) of Middle French poignal dagger (14th cent.; 13th cent. in Old French in sense ‘hilt of a sword’; earlier as adjective in senses ‘which one holds in the hand’ (c1165), ‘(of weapons, missiles) which one operates with the fist’ (c1165)), apparently < post-classical Latin pugnalis (adjective) of or relating to a fist (although this is apparently first attested later: 1386 in gladius pugnalis hand-sword; earlier as noun, denoting a cuff (1238 in a British source; compare also pugnale cuff (1295)) < classical Latin pugnus fist (see pugnacious adj.) + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan ponhal dagger (14th cent.; earlier as adjective in senses ‘which one holds in the hand’, ‘(of weapons, missiles) which one operates with the fist’ (13th or 14th cent.)), Catalan punyal dagger (early 14th cent.), Spanish puñal dagger (probably 13th cent.; also as adjective in senses ‘as large as a fist’ (c1250), ‘which one holds in the fist’ (1261 in cuchillo puñal dagger, literally ‘fist knife’)), Italian pugnale dagger (14th or 15th cent.). 1. a. A small, slim dagger. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > knife or dagger > [noun] saxa800 knifec1175 pricka1350 awla1387 daggerc1386 puncheonc1425 custil1447 punch?1480 murdererc1500 pointela1522 poniard1533 pounce1545 poignado?a1549 slaughmess1548 dirk1557 pistolesea1566 parazone1623 coutel1647 chiv1673 couteau1677 cuttoe1678 sticker1772 cultel1824 skewer1838 snicker1847 shiv1915 chib1929 1533 in tr. Erasmus Enchiridion Militis Christiani Printer's Pref. sig. a.i^v Who knoweth it not than this wyll teche hym here In his breuyer poynarde or manuell. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon* (1594) sig. D2 Twere a long poinard my lord, to reach betweene Oxford and Fresingfield. 1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. iii. sig. C4 Let your poyneard maintaine your defence thus. View more context for this quotation a1640 P. Massinger Beleeue as you List (1976) iv. ii. 41 What haue wee heere? A poniard, and a halter. a1680 Jus Populi 414 in G. Hickes Spirit of Popery (1680) 68 They need not fear either Dag, or Dagger, Pistol, or poisoned poinyard. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey III. xi. 120 Sheath thy ponyard. 1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 305 Worse than a poinard in the basest hand. 1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. l. 33 If subtle poniards, wrapt beneath the cloke, Could blunt the sabre's edge, or clear the cannon's smoke. 1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour ix. 179 A dagger, sometimes so short that it is really a poignard. 1898 Argosy Aug. 26 Immediately a dozen poniards struck home and Griswold sank moaning to the floor. 1966 L. Braun Cat who could read Backwards iv. 43 Only the historic weapons stirred his enthusiasm..Spanish stylets and rapiers, Italian poniards. 1986 Wired Nov. 138/3 We've got a long pig-iron poniard with a fingerprint-proof handle made of tightly-wrapped string. b. figurative and in figurative context. ΚΠ 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 232 She speakes poynyards, and euery word stabbes. View more context for this quotation 1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi Hist. Civil Warres Eng. I. v. 104 Every motion made them give Allarum's, all which were punyards which wounded Philip. 1781 R. Jephson Count of Narbonne iii. vi. 45 My son, my son, Thy words are poniards here. 1838 H. H. Milman tr. F. Guizot in E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xvi. 479 (note) He instantly issued edicts, written, if I may use the expression, with a poniard. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick liv. 277 Stabbing him in the eye with the unflinching poniard of his glance. 1901 N. Amer. Rev. Feb. 220 Gibraltar is a poniard, always plunged into a wound that has never been healed. 1937 L. Mann Murder in Sydney iv. 59 The water darkened into a glossy darkness, stabbed with quivering poniards of gold. 1996 Éire-Ireland Spring–Summer 54 Law is the poniard with which England stabs her victims before she undisguisedly proceeds to noonday murder. 2. English regional (south-western). A farm implement used in stacking hay. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > other agricultural implements visgy1777 tomahawk1793 potato-scoop1810 rice stick1832 seed feeder1851 poniard1874 aphicide1883 thinner1943 mist blower1946 dung fork1951 wind-machine1976 1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. vii. 82 He had stuck his ricking-rod, groom, or poignard, as it was indifferently called—a long iron lance, sharp at the extremity and polished by handling—into the stack to support the sheaves. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poniardv. Brit. /ˈpɒnjəd/, /ˈpɒnjɑːd/, U.S. /ˈpɑnjərd/ Forms: see poniard n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: poniard n. Etymology: < poniard n. Compare Middle French, French poignarder (1556 in sense 1). 1. transitive. To stab, esp. to death, with a poniard. Also figurative. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by stabbing or cutting snithec725 ofstingeOE stickOE to sting to death13.. to put (do) to the sword1338 throata1382 to strike dead, to (the) deathc1390 hewc1400 stab1530 to stab (a person) in1530 poniard1593 stiletto1613 jugulate1623 kris1625 dagger1694 pike1787 to cut down1821 sword1863 the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > wound with sharp weapon woundc760 stickOE snese?c1225 stokea1300 steekc1300 bearc1330 stangc1340 chop1362 broach1377 foinc1380 strikec1390 borea1400 dag?a1400 gorea1400 gridea1400 staira1400 through-girdc1405 thrustc1410 runc1425 to run throughc1425 traversec1425 spitc1430 through-seeka1500 stitch1527 falchiona1529 stab1530 to stab (a person) in1530 stob?1530 rutc1540 rove?c1550 push1551 foxa1566 stoga1572 poniard1593 dirk1599 bestab1600 poach1602 stiletto1613 stocka1640 inrun1653 stoccado1677 dagger1694 whip1699 bayonetc1700 tomahawk1711 stug1722 chiv1725 kittle1786 sabre1790 halberd1825 jab1825 skewer1837 sword1863 poke1866 spear1869 whinger1892 pig-stick1902 shiv1926 society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > use of knives > stab with knife [verb (transitive)] poniard1593 dirk1599 dagger1694 shank1949 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 39^v He was all to be poynyarded in the Senate house. 1601 W. T. tr. R. Nannini Civill Consid. 16 In continual feare to be poyniarded. 1605 1st Pt. Jeronimo sig. Bii^v I should haue Ponyarded the villaynes bowels. 1684 J. Dryden tr. L. Maimbourg Hist. League iii. 409 Those of the 45 who had Ponyarded the Duke, refus'd in plain terms to embrue their hands in the bloud of a Cardinal. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 10 Mar. (1965) I. 380 She threw her selfe at the Sultan's feet and begg'd him to poniard her. 1781 W. Cowper Charity 508 Prepared to poignard whomsoe'er they meet. 1820 W. Scott Abbot I. iv. 94 That this young esquire shall poniard the servants, as well as switch and batton them. 1887 G. Saintsbury Hist. Elizabethan Lit. iii. 76 He was poniarded in self-defence by..a serving-man. 1945 E. A. Popham Drawings Leonardo Da Vinci vi. 53 Another minute sheet at Venice has three studies for the two men beneath the horses' bellies, one poniarding the other. 1996 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 6 Dec. a De Malavoy hones his own wit, learns how to bait and poniard rivals. †2. transitive. To fasten or fix up (a person's hair) with long pins. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with pins or pegs > with specific type thorn1605 poniard1620 dowel1712 toggle1836 pivot1842 safety-pin1892 1620 T. Middleton & W. Rowley World Tost sig. F^v Those faire Ladies..are neither trimm'd nor truss'd, nor ponyarded. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1533v.1593
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