potaton.

Brit.

/pəˈteɪtəʊ/, U.S.

/pəˈteɪdoʊ/

Inflections: Plural potatoes, (nonstandard) potatos.

Forms:

α. 1500s potaton, 1500s–1600s potade, 1500s–1600s potatus (perhaps plural), 1500s–1700s patata, 1500s– potato, 1500s– potatoe (now nonstandard), 1600s partato, 1600s patatto, 1600s potado, 1600s potata, 1600s pottatie, 1600s pottato, 1600s puttato, 1700s pottatoe, 1700s putatou, 1700s– pertater (regional and nonstandard), 1800s– potater (regional and nonstandard); English regional 1800s poltatie (Cornwall), 1800s pottato, 1800s pottytus (plural, Lancashire), 1800s– pertaayter, 1800s– pertatie, 1800s– poltate (Cornwall), 1800s– potate, 1800s– potaty, 1800s– potito (Lancashire), 1800s– puttate; U.S. regional 1800s petator, 1800s petatur, 1900s– patata, 1900s– pateta, 1900s– patetta, 1900s– pertetter, 1900s– puhtettuh (chiefly in African-American usage); also Scottish pre-1700 patatie, pre-1700 pitato, 1800s partatow, 1800s patatee, 1800s patawtie, 1800s petawta, 1800s petawti, 1800s petetou, 1800s pewtatie, 1800s pitata, 1800s pitatie, 1800s pitattie, 1800s pitaty, 1800s pitawta, 1800s pittattie, 1800s pittayatee, 1800s potaaty, 1800s potatae, 1800s potaty, 1800s potauto, 1800s potawto, 1800s potawtoe, 1800s purtatoe, 1900s– patattie, 1900s– petaty, 1900s– pirtawtie; also Irish English 1800s pitatey, 1800s pitaty, 1900s– pitatie; also Caribbean 1700s–1800s patata.

β. 1800s bidaade (Irish English (Wexford)); U.S. regional 1900s– batado, 1900s– batayda; Scottish 1800s bitatoe.

See also pratie n., tater n., tatie n., and tattie n.

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: Spanish patata, batata.

Etymology: < Spanish patata (a1526 in sense 1), variant of batata batata n. Compare French patate (1601–3 in sense 1; 1582 in Middle French as pattates (plural); now also in sense 2 in Canada (from 1765 or earlier) and in regional and colloquial use in France), Italian patata (1525).The plant in sense 1 was introduced to Spain by Columbus in 1492, and was cultivated there and in other warmer parts of Europe thereafter (later being introduced to the Far East and Africa). To the English herbalist Gerard, in 1597, it was known as ‘Potatoes’ or ‘the common Potatoes’. Subsequently the name ‘potato’ was also used, with distinguishing words, for other edible tubers, especially those of American origin. The most important of these (sense 2) was first encountered by Spanish explorers in the Andes in the 1530s, and is referred to as papa ( < Quechua papa ) in mid 16th-cent. sources, e.g. by Francisco Pizarro in 1540 and in G. Fernández de Oviedo Historia general y natural de las Indias (1535–57). (In this sense papa remains the standard name in the Spanish-speaking world with the exception of mainland Spain, where patata has been found in this sense from the beginning of the 19th cent. or earlier.) The plant was introduced to Spain c1570 (perhaps to the Canary Islands slightly earlier), and thence to Italy and the Low Countries. It may have been introduced to England independently of the continental stock c1590, and is first mentioned by Gerard as ‘Virginia Potatoes’ (see quot. 1597 at sense 2a), a misunderstanding of its source that persisted for a long time among English writers. The application of the word potato to this plant apparently first occurred in English. The date and circumstances of the plant's introduction into Ireland are uncertain. (Traditions attributing the introduction of the potato in either England or Ireland to Sir Walter Ralegh are late and unlikely to have any foundation in fact, although for a possible connection of Ralegh at least indirectly with the introduction of the potato in Ireland see summary in Oxf. Dict. National Biogr. (2004) s.v. Ralegh, Sir Walter.) This plant slowly became more widely cultivated in Britain and the rest of temperate Europe, and as it became a more important food source, it came to be the usual referent of the word ‘potato’, while the original plant became distinguished as ‘the sweet potato’. In 17th-cent. instances of the word it is often difficult or impossible to determine which plant is meant.

a. The edible, usually oval tuberous root of the plant Ipomoea batatas (see sense 1b), with sweetish, orange or whitish flesh; later usually called sweet potato. Also as a mass noun: the flesh of this vegetable prepared for eating. Cf. batata n., yam n.¹ 2(c).In the 16th–17th centuries thought to have aphrodisiac qualities.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun] > aphrodisiac > specific

cantharides?1541

potato1565

hippomane1580

potato finger1609

hippomane1756

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > sweet potato

potato1565

batata1577

potato root1583

Spanish potato1599

red batata1696

Virginia potato1715

sweet potato1750

yam1753

kumara1773

boniato1800

camote1842

Carolina potato1848

Carolina1884

mickey1936

kau kau1937

1565 Hawkins Voy. Florida (1878) 27 These potatoes be the most delicate rootes that may be eaten, and doe far exceede our passeneps or carets.

1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. vi. i. 149 Of the potato and such venerous roots as are brought out of Spaine, Portingale, and the Indies.

1596 Gd. Huswiues Jewell C v b Pare your Potaton.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 19 Let the skie raine Potatoes .

1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 517 Battatas Hispanorum, Spanish Potatoes.

1689 H. Pitman Relation Great Sufferings 29 Of eatable Roots [in Providence Island, Bahamas] there is Partatoes, Yams, Edders, &c.

1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 203 There are Patata's of four or five several Colours.

1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados 228 The West Indian Potatoes have all a sweetish taste.

1750 J. Birket Some Remarks Voy. N. Amer. 9 They have..abundance of..the Sweet Potatoe.

1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 69 We cultivate also potatoes, both the long and the round, turneps, carrots, [etc.].

1802 Brookes' Gazetteer (ed. 12) at Ranai It produces very few plantains and bread-fruit trees, but abounds in yams, sweet potatoes, and taro.

1847 S. Rutledge Carolina Housewife viii. 14 Potato and Rice Bread. One quart of rice flour, one table-spoonful of mashed sweet potatoe, [etc.].

1866 Rural Amer. (Utica, N.Y.) 15 Dec. 371/1 There is no reason why every farmer, under favorable circumstances, may not enjoy the luxury of a mess of sweet potatoes.

1925 Today's Housewife Feb. 31/1 Potatoes may be cut into strips, balls or cylinders... Sweet potatoes, squash or eggplant are similarly French-fried.

1969 Listener 12 June 814/1 The village chief himself asked us to a dinner of..sweet potato and duck and rice gin.

1970 M. Slater Caribbean Cooking 12 Potato, means sweet potato [in the Caribbean]; there are various kinds, some brown and some red skinned.

2000 Caterer & Hotelkeeper 25 May 50/4 This dish also works well as a taco filling: omit the sweet potato and cut the meat into 12mm cubes [etc.].

b. The plant of which this is the root, the perennial vine Ipomoea batatas (family Convolvulaceae), a cultigen of tropical American origin, grown worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible tubers and now also for the ornamental foliage of some cultivars. Later usually called sweet potato. Formerly also called Carolina potato, Spanish potato. Cf. batata n., yam n.¹ 2(c).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > sweet potato > plant

potato1597

convolvine potato1756

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 780 Of Potatoes... This plant..is generally of vs called Potatus or Potatoes. It hath long rough flexible branches trailing vpon the ground, like vnto Pompions... Clusius calleth it Battata, Camotes, Amotes, and Ignanes: in English Potatoes, Potatus, and Potades.

1681 C. Jeaffreson Let. from St. Kitts 10 Nov. in Young Squire 17th Cent. (1878) I. 280 It [sc. a hurricane] broke and twisted my sugar-canes, rooted up my Cassava, and washed the graine and new-planted puttatoes.

1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 154 The Potatoe and Potatoe-slip. Both these plants are now cultivated all over America, and supply the Negroes and poorer sort of people with a great part of their food.

1775 B. Romans Conc. Nat. Hist. E. & W. Florida 84 They cultivate..the esculent Convolvulus, (vulgo) sweet potatoes.

1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 63 Long potatoes. Convolvulus batatas.

1855 F. Douglass My Bondage & my Freedom i. 36 In the time of planting sweet potatoes, ‘Grandmother Betty’, as she was familiarly called, was sent for.

1896 S. B. Green Veg. Gardening xiii. 192 The sweet potato is raised from sprouts, which are produced abundantly if the tubers are planted in a hotbed in the early spring.

1928 H. A. Jones Truck Crop Plants ix. 263 There are over 400 species of Ipomoea, sweet potato being the only one which produces edible roots.

1991 New Scientist 16 Feb. 28/2 The International Potato Centre..in Lima, will attempt to incorporate AGC's insect resistance gene..into the sweet potato.

a. The plant Solanum tuberosum (family Solanaceae), a cultigen of South American origin, now grown commercially worldwide for its starchy underground stem tubers. Originally more fully †potato of Virginia, †Virginia potato. Also called white potato and (formerly) Carolina potato, Spanish potato, Chilean potato, Irish potato.Most instances of the word potato as known outside its region of origin refer to the abovementioned species. However, it is also used of several closely related cultivated crop species and numerous wild ones (genus Solanum) found chiefly in parts of Mexico and of Central and South America.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant

potato1597

skirret of Peru1597

Irish potato1664

white potato1723

Virginian potato1731

potato plant1744

potato vine1750

lady's finger1827

peach-blow1861

Chilean potato1870

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > sweet potato

potato1565

batata1577

potato root1583

Spanish potato1599

red batata1696

Virginia potato1715

sweet potato1750

yam1753

kumara1773

boniato1800

camote1842

Carolina potato1848

Carolina1884

mickey1936

kau kau1937

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 781 Of Potatoes of Virginia... Virginia Potatoes hath many hollowe flexible branches, trailing vppon the grounde, three square, vneuen, knotted or kneed in sundry places... The roote is thicke, fat, and tuberous; not much differing either in shape, colour or taste from the common Potatoes, sauing that the rootes hereof are..some of them round as a ball, some ouall or egge fashion..: which knobbie rootes are fastened vnto the stalkes with an infinite number of threddie strings.

1599 J. Gerard Catal. Arborum (rev. ed.) 15 Papus orbiculatus, Bastard Potatoes. Papus Hispanorum, Spanish Potatoes. [Catal. 1596 C 2/1 had only the Latin names].

1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 516 Potatoes of Virginia, which some foolishly call the Apples of youth..the flowers..somewhat like the flower of Tobacco for the forme..small round fruit, as bigge as a Damson or Bulleis, greene at the first,..like vnto Nightshade.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Potatoes, a sort of fruit, coming originally from the West Indies, but now common in English Gardens, whose Root is of great vertue, to comfort and strengthen the Body.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1708) 469 Potatoes are planted in several parts of our Country,..being easily encreased by cutting the Roots into several pieces, each piece growing as well as the whole Root.

1715 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 272 Virginia Potatoes... We are obliged to..Caspar Bauhine for a most accurate Figure..of this..Root... It was first cultivated in Ireland, and now about London, and in many Counties of Great Britain.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvi. 207 Potatoe is of this genus [sc. Solanum], as you will be convinced, if you compare the structure of the flower, with that of the other species.

1832 E. Lankester Veg. Substances Food 128 The potato is found wild in several parts of America,..among others in Chili and Peru.

1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 10 In 1728 Marshal Stair introduced the culture of the potatoe into Wigtownshire.

1950 L. E. Hawker Physiol. Fungi viii. 250 This ‘crucifer strain’ is less active than the ‘solanum’ one in attacking potato or tomato.

1980 Science 4 Apr. 18/2 The so-called potato comprises a diverse group of more than 160 Solanum species that bear tubers (modified stems), but the commmercial version belongs to a single subspecies, S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum.

1995 New Scientist 23 Dec. 17/1 The peach potato aphid..is already a major agricultural pest, feeding on the sap of crop plants including potatoes, oilseed rape and sugar beet.

2003 Agric. Syst. 76 899 For example, cultivated potato species such as S. ajanhuiri and S. curtilobum incur damage at −3° to −5° C.

b. The tuber of this plant, round to oblong in shape, now a very widely-grown food crop in temperate climates; also used as feed for livestock, as a source of starch, and for the production of alcohol. As a mass noun: the flesh of this vegetable prepared for eating (cf. mashed potato n. at mashed adj. Compounds). potatoes and point: see potatoes and point at point n.¹ 32b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato

potato root1583

potato1597

Irish potato1664

pratie1749

earth apple1750

Murphy1750

tater1759

tatie1788

tattiec1800

pomme de terrec1810

potato tuber1844

spud1845

nav1893

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 782 Bicause it hath not onely the shape and proportion of Potatoes, but also the pleasant taste and vertues of the same, we may call it in English Potatoes of America, or Virginia [1633 adds Bauhine hath referred it to the Nightshades, and calleth it Solanum tuberosum Esculentum].

1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 518 The Virginia Potato's being dressed after all these waies..maketh almost as delicate meate as the former.

1663 in Jrnl. Bk. of Royal Soc. (MS.) 25 Mar. A Proposition to plant Potatoes through all the parts of England..and the benefit therof in times of scarcity of Food..their usefulness for meat and bread.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 78 in Sylva Take up your Potatos for Winter spending, there will enough remain for stock, though never so exactly gather'd.

1693 Jrnl. Bk. of Royal Soc. (MS.) 13 Dec. The President [sc. Lord Southwell] related that his grandfather brought Potatoes into Ireland, who had them from Sir Walter Rauleigh after his return from Virginia.

1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week i. 84 Of Irish swains potatoe is the chear.

1778 G. White Let. 8 Jan. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 223 Potatoes have prevailed in this little district..within these twenty years only.

1792 A. Young Trav. France 350 As to potatoes, it would be idle to consider them in the same view as an article of human food, which ninety-nine hundredths of the human species will not touch.

1820 P. B. Shelley Œdipus Tyrannus i. 9 Ye who grub With filthy snouts my red potatoes up.

1832 E. Lankester Veg. Substances Food 151 Potatoes..yield a spirit of a very pure quality... They are..cheaper..than barley from which to extract alcohol.

1860 R. W. Emerson Wealth in Conduct of Life 100 Pride can go without domestics,..can eat potato, purslain, beans, lyed corn.

1910 Daily Chron. 16 Apr. 7/3 What a culinary disaster is the English plain boiled potato.

1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day ii. 35 However enthralling..the forking of potatoes.., I had to tear myself away for the next regular event of the day.

1984 P. Chapman Indian Restaurant Cookbk. vii. 99 Pancakes made from ground rice and dhal, filled with potato.

2005 Independent 21 Apr. 13/2 The minister..tucking into a pie, roast potatoes and baked beans in the parliament's canteen.

c. With distinguishing word: any of numerous varieties of the potato (sense 2b), differing chiefly in the colour, size, shape, or texture of the tubers; the tubers themselves.

ΚΠ

1727 B. Langley New Princ. Gardening 71 The first is the white Kidney Potatoe, so called, in regard to its form, which is the true Form of a Sheep, or Hogs Kidney. The second is the white round Potatoe... The third Kind is that, which is called the Lancashire Potatoe, of a very pale reddish Colour, and of a very large Growth... The fourth Kind is the red Potatoe, with a rough Coat, the very best of any.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Solanum The Red and White Potatoes are both indifferently cultivated in England; tho' the red Sort is most commonly brought to the markets.

1777 Farmer's Mag. Oct. 354 The Howard Potatoe is found to produce the largest crop.

1840 T. Hood Up Rhine 104 The next dish..was of very small, very waxy kidney potatoes.

1849 E. Emmons Agric. N.Y. II. 41 Merino Potato... Not highly esteemed for the table.

1908 Daily Chron. 2 Oct. 3/5 The ‘White City’ potato..is confidently expected to surpass all the maincrop varieties hitherto produced.

1978 Sci. Amer. June 64/3 The ‘Idaho’ potato..is the most prized of the North American varieties because of its large size, pulpy interior,..and russeted (textured) skin.

1992 Nat. World Autumn 46/3 I assume that the planting of future English oaks will be prevented, just as the EC tried to ban King Edward potatoes some while ago.

2000 Independent (Nexis) 4 Nov. 5 My gift to myself was a sack of Bintje potatoes, the secret of those Belgian chips.

3. With distinguishing word: any of various plants having (mostly edible) tubers or tuber-like organs; (also) any of several plants resembling or related to the potato or sweet potato.Canada, Cree, Indian potato, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > types of potato

potato1629

Rough Red1771

sprout1771

London lady1780

russet1780

ox-noble1794

pink-eye1795

kidney1796

Suriname1796

silver-skin1797

yam potato1801

bluenose1803

yam1805

bead-potato1808

lumper1840

blue1845

merino1846

regent1846

pink1850

redskin potato1851

fluke1868

mangel-wurzel potato1875

snowflake1882

snowdrop1900

pomato1905

Idaho1911

Majestic1917

red1926

Pentland1959

1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 517 (No.) 4 Battatas de Canada, Potatoes of Canada, or Artichokes of Ierusalem.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) at Jerusalem Artichokes A Plant so called, but more truly Battatas [1706 (ed. Kersey), Potatoes] of Canada, because they came from Canada.

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 323 Potatoe, Indian, Dioscorea.

1834 J. Ross Van Diemen's Land Ann. 131 [It] produces bulb-tubers growing one out of another, of the size, and nearly the form, of kidney potatoes... These roots are roasted and eaten by the aborigines; in taste they resemble beet-root, and are sometimes called in the colony native potatoes.

1966 C. A. Smith Common Names 268 Kaffir potato, Coleus esculentus... The vernacular name is derived from the nature of the rootstock which is eaten like a potato by natives in Tropical Africa and in Natal.

1981 D. Levitt Plants & People 34 Native Potato (Marsdenia viridiflora)... The green fruit is 5 to 6 cm. long. When ready for eating it is slightly yellow.

2003 Agric. Syst. 76 899 Henceforward, non-tuberosum cultivated potato species will be referred to as ‘bitter potatoes’.

a. As the type of something insignificant or of little value. Now esp. in small potatoes (originally U.S.) : designating or denoting a person or thing considered petty, unimportant, insignificant, or worthless; occasionally also in singular.Formerly also in small potatoes and few in the hill and variants (now rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth

ivy-leafc1000

needle?c1225

sloec1250

peasea1275

strawc1290

bean1297

nutc1300

buttonc1330

leekc1330

trifle1375

cress1377

goose-wing1377

sop1377

niflec1395

vetcha1400

a pin's head (also point)c1450

trump1513

plack1530

toy1530

blue point1532

grey groat1546

cherry-stone1607

jiggalorum1613

candle-enda1625

peppercorn1638

sponge1671

sneeshing1686

snottera1689

catchpenny1705

potato1757

snuff1809

pinhead1828

traneen1837

a hill of beans1863

gubbins1918

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > of little importance > collectively

littleOE

frya1577

small fry1652

potato1757

small beer1777

1757 T. Smollett Reprisal i. ii I don't value Monsieur de Champignon a rotten potatoe.

1797 S. T. Coleridge Let. 17 July (1956) I. 334 The London literati appear to me to be very much like little potatoes, that is no great things.

1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VII iv. 67 Who knew this life was not worth a potato.

1836 D. Crockett Exploits & Adventures in Texas ii. 25 This is what I call small potatoes and few of a hill.

1846 N.Y. Herald 13 Dec. Small potato politicians and pettifogging lawyers.

1855 T. C. Haliburton Nature & Human Nature I. iii. 63 It's small potatoes for a man-of-war to be hunting poor game, like us.

1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 647/1 The Fourth Estate..thinks no small potatoes of itself.

1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain (London ed.) II. vii. 787 If some first-class excitement doesn't come along every day, you pull a face as though you were saying: ‘H'm, small potatoes and few in the hill!’

1973 H. Nielsen Severed Key iv. 49 ‘Morry Sacks is going to tell the law we found a million dollars on the beach?’ ‘No! Morry is too small potatoes.’

1995 Q June 186/1 The things you have to tell them to get a council tax rebate these days. Small potatoes, of course, compared to the interrogation on this page.

b. colloquial (chiefly humorous). A person or character, esp. of a specified sort (usually with negative or derogatory connotations).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > [noun]

hadc900

lifesmaneOE

maneOE

world-maneOE

ghostOE

wyeOE

lifeOE

son of manOE

wightc1175

soulc1180

earthmanc1225

foodc1225

person?c1225

creaturec1300

bodyc1325

beera1382

poppetc1390

flippera1400

wat1399

corsec1400

mortal?a1425

deadly?c1450

hec1450

personagec1485

wretcha1500

human1509

mundane1509

member1525

worma1556

homo1561

piece of flesh1567

sconce1567

squirrel?1567

fellow creature1572

Adamite1581

bloat herringa1586

earthling1593

mother's child1594

stuff1598

a piece of flesh1600

wagtail1607

bosom1608

fragment1609

boots1623

tick1631

worthy1649

earthlies1651

snap1653

pippin1665

being1666

personal1678

personality1678

sooterkin1680

party1686

worldling1687

human being1694

water-wagtail1694

noddle1705

human subject1712

piece of work1713

somebody1724

terrestrial1726

anybody1733

individual1742

character1773

cuss1775

jig1781

thingy1787

bod1788

curse1790

his nabs1790

article1796

Earthite1814

critter1815

potato1815

personeityc1816

nibs1821

somebody1826

tellurian1828

case1832

tangata1840

prawn1845

nigger1848

nut1856

Snooks1860

mug1865

outfit1867

to deliver the goods1870

hairpin1879

baby1880

possum1894

hot tamale1895

babe1900

jobbie1902

virile1903

cup of tea1908

skin1914

pisser1918

number1919

job1927

apple1928

mush1936

face1944

jong1956

naked ape1965

oke1970

punter1975

1815 Ld. Byron Let. 8 Mar. (1975) IV. 280 How could you be such a potatoe?.. to confide to a man's own publisher..such a damnatory parenthesis [about him]!

1845 Punch 26 Apr. 184/1 That fire-eating Milesian, that very hot potato, Mr. H. Grattan.

1868 B. Brierley Red Windows Hall ii. 16 ‘You are Sam o' Ducky's’..‘Th' same owd porrito’, said Sam.

1939 ‘E. Queen’ Dragon's Teeth 196 It seems to me for a smart hombre Cole was taking a hell of a chance letting this De Carlos potato sign his checks.

1986 R. Ford Sportswriter iii. 78 A real sneak-up-behind-you guy if you know what that means. A bad potato.

c. slang. the potato: the (very, real, or proper) thing, the correct or excellent thing (now rare). (the) clean potato (originally Australian): (designating) a person who, or activity, etc., which, is legitimate, honest, or beyond reproach. Hence not (quite) the clean potato and variants: not completely sound or reliable; not (quite) the right or real thing.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > foundation in fact, validity > [noun] > a genuine thing or person

the (real, true, etc.) Simon Pure1776

(the) genuine article1794

(the) clean potato1822

the real McCoy1848

the pure (also true, genuine, etc.) quill1854

to deliver the goods1870

the McCoy1931

straight arrow1969

society > morality > moral evil > lack of principle or integrity > [noun] > shadiness or fishiness > thing or person

not (quite) the clean potato1822

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] > person or people

man of worship1340

worthya1393

anybody1802

prince1864

(the) clean potato1880

righto1908

V.I.P.1933

1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 11 370 The Bishop's first two volumes are not quite the potato.

1836 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood (rev. ed.) Introd. p. xviii Larry is quite ‘the potato!’

1853 H. B. Jones Adventures in Austral. 119 You do not know whether the man who addresses you is or has been a convict; and it is not very complimentary to ask one who speaks to you, ‘Are you’, in the idiomatic phraseology of the bush, ‘a clean potato’.

1880 R. M. Jephson Pink Wedding III. i. 29 I am convinced he is a first-rate one—quite the clean potato, in fact.

1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer III. xxvii. 104 ‘Well,’ said Mr. Cottonbush,..‘it ain't quite the clean potato, of course [sc. to steal a neighbour's grass]; but if your sheep's dying at home, what can you do?’

1913 J. Galsworthy Dark Flower ii. vii. 137 A suspicion he had always entertained, that Cramier was not by breeding ‘quite the clean potato’.

1939 G. Heyer No Wind of Blame iv. 80 It isn't at all the clean potato. In fact, it's very dishonourable.

1962 T. Ronan Deep of Sky 42 Some of the grand old pioneers and land-takers of history were not quite the clean potato.

2004 Scotsman (Nexis) 27 May 4 The committee accepted Mr Innes's version as opposed to the version by Mr Law, that he had done nothing wrong—that he was clean potato.

d. hot potato: see hot potato n.

e. colloquial (chiefly British). A large or conspicuous hole in a sock, stocking, etc., esp. at the heel, through which the flesh shows. Cf. spud n. 5b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > hole in a sock or stocking

potato1885

puka1921

spud1960

1885 Eng. Ilustr. Mag. June 616/1 The gladiators wore pasteboard helmets..and fleshings for legs and arms, with—what are vulgarly termed ‘potatoes’, that is, holes in the fleshings perceptible in many places.

1902 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang V. 270/1 Potato,..used esp. for a heel through an undarned sock or stocking.

1949 D. M. Davin Roads from Home iii. iv. 241 It was a mystery the way that Paddy went through his stockings... A great big potato staring out over the heel.

1973 Country Gentlemen's Estate Mag. Mar. 156/1 Gumboots..will hole a ‘potato’ like a cannon-ball in the heels of a new pair of socks in an afternoon.

1988 B. Chatwin Utz 48 Her legs were encased in black stockings, which had a pair of white ‘potatoes’ at the knee.

f. In plural. slang (chiefly U.S.). Money; spec. dollars (in quot. 1939: pounds).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > [noun]

silverc825

feec870

pennieseOE

wortheOE

mintOE

scata1122

spense?c1225

spendinga1290

sumc1300

gooda1325

moneya1325

cattlec1330

muckc1330

reasona1382

pecunyc1400

gilt1497

argentc1500

gelta1529

Mammon1539

ale silver1541

scruff1559

the sinews of war1560

sterling1565

lour1567

will-do-all1583

shell1591

trasha1592

quinyie1596

brass1597

pecuniary1604

dust1607

nomisma1614

countera1616

cross and pilea1625

gingerbreada1625

rhinoa1628

cash1646

grig1657

spanker1663

cole1673

goree1699

mopus1699

quid1699

ribbin1699

bustle1763

necessary1772

stuff1775

needfula1777

iron1785

(the) Spanish1788

pecuniar1793

kelter1807

dibs1812

steven1812

pewter1814

brad1819

pogue1819

rent1823

stumpy1828

posh1830

L. S. D.1835

rivetc1835

tin1836

mint sauce1839

nobbins1846

ochre1846

dingbat1848

dough1848

cheese1850

California1851

mali1851

ducat1853

pay dirt1853

boodle?1856

dinero1856

scad1856

the shiny1856

spondulicks1857

rust1858

soap1860

sugar1862

coin1874

filthy1876

wampum1876

ooftish1877

shekel1883

oil1885

oof1885

mon1888

Jack1890

sploshc1890

bees and honey1892

spending-brass1896

stiff1897

mazuma1900

mazoom1901

cabbage1903

lettuce1903

Oscar Asche1905

jingle1906

doubloons1908

kale1912

scratch1914

green1917

oscar1917

snow1925

poke1926

oodle1930

potatos1931

bread1935

moolah1936

acker1939

moo1941

lolly1943

loot1943

poppy1943

mazoola1944

dosh1953

bickies1966

lovely jubbly1990

scrilla1994

society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a pound > number of

potatos1931

society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a dollar > number of

potatos1931

1931 D. Runyon in Collier's 4 Nov. 8/2 ‘Listen, Sam,’ I say, ‘you have seven duckets, and we are only six, and here is a little doll who is stood up by her guy, and has no ducket, and no potatoes to buy one with, so what about taking her with us?’

1939 P. G. Wodehouse Uncle Fred in Springtime i. 9 Was it conceivable..that any man, even to oblige a future brother-in-law, would cough up the colossal sum of two hundred potatoes?

1976 National Observer (U.S.) 8 May 14/2 Usually he [sc. a horse] runs with a price tag of about $3,500. With those kind of potatoes, it can be hard to get respect.

1986 Wire Aug. 49/1 Many of us here don't have the potatoes to rush off to the local disc-cutter and snap up any album.

g. Australian slang. [Short for potato peeler , rhyming slang for sheila n.] A girl or woman. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > woman > [noun]

wifeeOE

womaneOE

womanOE

queanOE

brideOE

viragoc1000

to wifeOE

burdc1225

ladyc1225

carlinec1375

stotc1386

marec1387

pigsneyc1390

fellowa1393

piecec1400

femalea1425

goddessa1450

fairc1450

womankindc1450

fellowessa1500

femininea1513

tega1529

sister?1532

minikinc1540

wyec1540

placket1547

pig's eye1553

hen?1555

ware1558

pussy?a1560

jade1560

feme1566

gentlewoman1567

mort1567

pinnacea1568

jug1569

rowen1575

tarleather1575

mumps1576

skirt1578

piga1586

rib?1590

puppy1592

smock1592

maness1594

sloy1596

Madonna1602

moll1604

periwinkle1604

Partlet1607

rib of man1609

womanship?1609

modicum1611

Gypsy1612

petticoata1616

runniona1616

birda1627

lucky1629

she-man1640

her1646

lost rib1647

uptails1671

cow1696

tittup1696

cummer17..

wife1702

she-woman1703

person1704

molly1706

fusby1707

goody1708

riding hood1718

birdie1720

faggot1722

piece of goods1727

woman body1771

she-male1776

biddy1785

bitch1785

covess1789

gin1790

pintail1792

buer1807

femme1814

bibi1816

Judy1819

a bit (also bundle) of muslin1823

wifie1823

craft1829

shickster?1834

heifer1835

mot1837

tit1837

Sitt1838

strap1842

hay-bag1851

bint1855

popsy1855

tart1864

woman's woman1868

to deliver the goods1870

chapess1871

Dona1874

girl1878

ladykind1878

mivvy1881

dudess1883

dudette1883

dudine1883

tid1888

totty1890

tootsy1895

floozy1899

dame1902

jane1906

Tom1906

frail1908

bit of stuff1909

quim1909

babe1911

broad1914

muff1914

manhole1916

number1919

rossie1922

bit1923

man's woman1928

scupper1935

split1935

rye mort1936

totsy1938

leg1939

skinny1941

Richard1950

potato1957

scow1960

wimmin1975

womyn1975

womxn1991

1957 D. Niland Call me when Cross turns Over ii. 69 Snow told him not to be a mug, the sheila had him in her sights because she thought he was a bit of all right. That would be the day, Locky retorted, when some bloody potater..had him stringing along with her.

1970 G. Greer Female Eunuch 266 Terms..often extended to the female herself. Who likes to be called..a potato?

1971 Private Eye 2 July 16 As for this potato I must guide her footsteps back into the paths of righteousness.

5. one potato, two potato n. a children's counting-out rhyme which begins with these words; (also) the act of counting out by reciting the rhyme.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > light poem > [noun] > counting-out rhyme > specific

one potato, two potato1918

1918 Jrnl. Amer. Folk-lore 31 522 [Michigan] One potato, two potato, three potato, four, Five potato, six potato, seven potato o'er.

1942 H. Fairbanks (title of song) One potato, two potato: twee potato, four: fox-trot.

1969 I. Opie & P. Opie Children's Games i. 54 ‘One potato, two potato’ has been in constant use throughout the twentieth century.

1981 Hispanic Rev. 49 321 (note) Juanita.., in a sportive gesture akin to our ‘one potato, two potato’, touches each man on the shoulder..until she reaches her intended.

1992 I. Banks Crow Road iv. 86 ‘Do One potato, Two potato’, suggested Emma.

2003 Pacific Daily News (Hagatna, Guam) (Nexis) 28 July 14 a If Camacho is going to force senators to do things this way, they might as well just use the one-potato, two-potato method, or the eeny-meenie-miney-moe process.

Compounds

C1. (Chiefly in sense 2.)

a. General attributive.

(a)

potato bed n.

ΚΠ

1730 G. Rye Considerations on Agric. x. 51 Selling the Potatoe Beds at one penny the Spade.

1803 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. 19 Aug. (1959) I. 208 Hay-stacks, potato-beds, and kail-garths.

1990 D. Bolger Journey Home (1991) i. 6 They planted trees in the image of their lost homeland, put down potato beds, built timber hen-houses.

potato bowl n.

ΚΠ

1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) II. vi. 33 Mark the Irishman's potatoe bowl placed on the floor, the whole family upon their hams around it, devouring a quantity almost incredible.

1892 E. Rowe Hints on Chip-carving (1895) 26 Numerous objects..which may thus be decorated at a small cost,..book-covers, blotters, bread-platters, potato-bowls,..&c.

1990 N. Bissoondath Smoke in Eve of Uncertain Tomorrows (1991) 69 The determined scraping of the serving spoon in the potato bowl—the sound like that of a dentist's pick screeching at teeth.

potato cellar n.

ΚΠ

1804 Times 17 Sept. 4/2 (advt.) Three Acres and Twenty-four Poles..of rich Garden-ground..with a comfortable Dwelling-house erected thereon, a summer-room, potatoe-cellar, tool-house, and loft.

1913 W. H. Olin Amer. Irrigation Farming ii. viii. 186 The best potato cellars have a double set of..doors at either end so loaded wagons can be driven right in, unloaded and sent out through the opposite door.

1992 D. Glancy Claiming Breath 86 I had to find a homestead within myself, or invent one. I dug a potatocellar.

potato crop n.

ΚΠ

1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Feb. xvi. 102 Afterwards the Potatoe-Crop may be secured from the Damage of Weeds.

1845 Florist's Jrnl. 6 245 The disease unfortunately so very general in the potato crop.

1993 New Scientist 12 June 11/1 At present..viruses destroy as much as one-fifth of Mexico's potato crop.

potato field n.

ΚΠ

1753 Trial J. Stewart 243 Allan Breck wrought with them in the potatoe-field the greatest part of that afternoon.

1800 C. B.Brown Arthur Mervyn xxx On one side was a potato-field, on the other a melon-patch.

1995 Field Mar. 79/2 We find the Station Bar, a lonely watering-hole surrounded by flooded potato fields.

potato fork n.

ΚΠ

1782 J. Abercrombie Every Man his Own Gardener (ed. 9) 501 They should be digged up with a flat three-tyned fork, there being proper potatoe-forks for the purpose.

1824 Times 31 Dec. 3/6 The door had been forced open with a potato-fork, the marks of the prongs being still visible.

1886 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester Yelve, a potato fork.

1986 Pract. Gardening Mar. 23/3 Don't buy a potato fork and hope to use it for other jobs.

potato garden n.

ΚΠ

1704 in Jrnl. Cork Hist. & Archaeol. Soc. (1895) 54 Some collops and a pottatoe garden for a portion.

1778 T. Pennant Tour in Wales I. 15 Every cottager has his potatoe garden..a conveniency unknown fifty years ago.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. iii. i. 521 The whole country would be frittered down into potato gardens.

1902 G. S. Whitmore Last Maori War x. 165 Every potato garden was securely fenced.

1992–3 Newfoundland Q. Winter 19/2 The youngest son reached into a faded mackinaw jacket..covered with a generous helping of potato garden mud.

potato ground n.

ΚΠ

1701 Remarks by Way of Answer to Char. Mod. Whig 12/1 They were never..given away by his Majesty..for Potatoe Grounds.

1753 W. Stewart in Scots Mag. Mar. 134/1 The pannel was walking from his potatoe-ground.

1838 W. L. Rham Outl. Flemish Husbandry ix. 47 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III A practice of sowing hemp in a border all round a garden or potato-ground.

1879 Boy's Own Paper 18 Jan. 12/2 The beans and peas..were always in good order; so, too, was the potato-ground at the back.

1960 Times 19 Mar. 8/6 I was using a wide one-furrow plough..for breaking potato ground.

2005 Farmers Weekly (Nexis) 21 Jan. 2 Preparation of potato ground starts with ploughing, usually in the winter, but increasingly in the spring.

potato harvest n.

ΚΠ

1785 Berwick Museum June 309/2 In those days, (for it was potatoe harvest) he offered his hand to Deborah.

1808 E. Weeton Let. 1 Apr. (1969) I. 78 An uncommonly plentiful potatoe harvest.

1887 Eng. Hist. Rev. 2 736 The immense influx of Breton labourers into Jersey for a few weeks in each spring, due to the high wages obtainable during the potato harvest.

1979 Country Life 2 May 1375 Mr Hurd works on the early potato harvest.

1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 20 Apr. 8/4 The year 1917 saw the failure of the potato harvest, which was followed by the so-called ‘turnip winter’.

potato house n.

ΚΠ

1766 in C. R. Lounsbury Illustr. Gloss. Early Southern Archit. & Landscape (1994) 289 Building a potato house 10/, filling up the walls 20/..£1.10.0.

1861 C. M. Yonge Stokesley Secret vi. 89 There was a bonfire by the potato-house.

1970 S. Trueman Intimate Hist. New Brunswick iii. 56 The ‘potato houses’ looking like dwellings that have sunk so deep into the ground that they now consist mainly of high-peaked roofs.

1992 D. Morgan Rising in West ii. v. 89 The pile of old radiators, wheel rims, and bedsprings that piled up in the yard of the potato house.

potato land n.

ΚΠ

1758 W. Bailey Treat. Better Employment of Poor in Workhouses 53 The Potatoe Lands will give Four or Five good Crops of Oats.

1780 A. Young Tour Ireland i. 344 Plough the potatoe land once or twice for barley.

1855 Trans. Amer. Inst. N.-Y. 1854 168 in Docs. Assembly State N.-Y. (78th Session, Doc. No. 144) V Salt..will kill grubs, and may be used to advantage on potato land.

1965 K. H. Connell in D. V. Glass & D. E. C. Eversley Population in Hist. xvii. 428 The practice of letting farms by auction in a country [sc. Ireland] where land was almost the only resource encouraged tenants to outbid one another in the tribute they offered to acquire the right to potato-land.

2009 Classic Tractor Sept. 41/2 The CVX comfortable handles a four-furrow plough on potato land and is an excellent tractor for combination drilling.

potato leaf n.

ΚΠ

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xv. 430 These creatures [sc. locusts] came in great swarms to devour their Potato-leaves and other Herbs.

1818 Times 18 Aug. 3/4 [The men] had been actively employed in the manufacture of tea for some of the Dublin grocers, from the following materials:—Black and Deadly Night Shade..Ivy Leaves..Potato leaves, when in season.

1917 A. Teixeira de Mattos tr. J. H. Fabre Life of Grasshopper xx. 438 The caterpillar of Acherontia atropos, the Death's-head Hawk-moth, eats its fill of potato-leaves.

1994 Org. Gardening Feb. 44/2 Husky plants are sturdy, with that distinctive crinkled, ‘potato-leaf’ kind of foliage.

potato merchant n.

ΚΠ

?1780 Comical Sayings Pady from Cork 6 The potatoe merchant called me a liar, and my master called me a fool.

1805 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1947) VIII. 399 The Yorkshire Irishman, or Adventures of a Potatoe Merchant.

1867 Harper's Mag. July 233/1 The amount of business transacted by the wholesale potato merchants of Washington Market is immense.

1987 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 22 552 He set up as a potato merchant.., and his shop served as a storage place for clandestinely imported weapons.

potato peel n.

ΚΠ

1806 Hampshire Tel. & Sussex Chron. 20 Oct. 4/4 At one time, for instance, they gave him for dinner..water in which fish, with pieces of broken bread, refuse lettuce leaves, potato peels, and the green tops of radishes had been boiled.

1874 ‘Ouida’ Bébée 121 Scattering the potato-peels to the clacking poultry.

1917 H. C. Long Plants poisonous to Livestock iv. 55 Death was probably due to Solanine poisoning, due to eating raw Potato peel.

2003 W. Brandt Bk. of Film of Story of my Life i. 19 For some reason their doormat is always thickly strewn with potato peel and children's shoes.

potato plant n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant

potato1597

skirret of Peru1597

Irish potato1664

white potato1723

Virginian potato1731

potato plant1744

potato vine1750

lady's finger1827

peach-blow1861

Chilean potato1870

1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Feb. xvi. 104 And so the Potatoe-bed remains till Weeding-time, when they hand-hough between each Stalk, or Potatoe-plant.

1773 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 180 The potatoe plant has not been cultivated in any great quantities here [sc. on Anglesey] until of late years.

1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 620 The proper management of the potatoe plant..is a point of great importance in its culture.

1857 A. Gray First Lessons Bot. (1866) 43 The subterranean growth of a Potato-plant.

1952 J. Reaney Bully in R. Weaver & H. James Canad. Short Stories 206 Sometimes our father made us pick potato beetles off the potato plants.

2000 J. Harris Blackberry Wine (2001) xlix. 251 A good time for..thinning out potato plants and putting them in rows.

potato riddle n.

ΚΠ

1819 Amer. Farmer 2 July 106 The potato riddles are great facilities, to save time and manual labour.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1125 The potato-riddle is made of wire.

1942 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 105 97 What taxation is involved, for example, by the device of the potato riddle.

2003 Farmers Guardian 14 Mar. 61/6 2 Cooch Potato Riddles. Old but in working order. £100 the pair.

potato sack n.

ΚΠ

1815 Times 1 June 4/4 (advt.) The farming stock comprises..cart harness complete for 12 horses, plough harness for ditto, potatoe sacks, sieves, scales, [etc.].

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 40 There are tall potato-sacks, propped up in dark corners.

1939 F. Thompson Lark Rise i. 4 A superannuated potato-sack thrown down by way of hearthrug.

2003 N.Y. Mag. 30 June 169 (heading) Gone are the days when an expectant mother would don a potato sack and pack on the pounds.

potato shoot n.

ΚΠ

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 690 The potato-shoots..are fed by the matter lodged in the tuber from which the shoots proceed.

1925 Science 30 Jan. p. xiv/1 Potato shoots grafted onto the roots of non-tuberous relatives develop flowers that are no more fruitful.

2005 Norwich (Connecticut) Bull. (Nexis) 7 Apr. (Living section) 1 Hilling around emerging potato shoots keeps new potato tubers from turning green.

potato stem n.

ΚΠ

1829 Times 21 Aug. 2/5 On Sunday morning there was a frost, which on low situations blackened the potato-stems.

1949 E. V. Hardenburg Potato Production ii. 16 The potato stem is roughly angular, with three to four sides.

1997 Q. Rev. Biol. 72 361/2 This glossary was quite helpful to someone like me, who is not familiar with farm terms like..‘haulm’ (potato stem).

potato tuber n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato

potato root1583

potato1597

Irish potato1664

pratie1749

earth apple1750

Murphy1750

tater1759

tatie1788

tattiec1800

pomme de terrec1810

potato tuber1844

spud1845

nav1893

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 780 The Heart and Dart moth..also attack the potato-tuber.

1885 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 594 The potato tuber consists mainly of a mass of cells filled with starch and encircled by a thin corky rind.

1938 E. C. Miller Plant Physiol. (ed. 2) vi. 372 In the case of the potato tuber, the young stem removed only about 50 per cent of the minerals stored in the fresh tuber.

1994 Amateur Gardening 30 July 22/3 If you have bought only a small quantity of potato tubers, increase your output by cutting the larger ones..into two or three well-sprouted sections before planting.

(b) In the names of dishes or foodstuffs made of or from potatoes, or of which the principal ingredient is potato.

potato brandy n.

ΚΠ

1771 R. Watson Plan Course Chem. Lect. 79 Potatoes fermented and distilled—Potatoe Brandy.

1840 T. Hood Up Rhine 180 Mr. Krauss..found their potatoe-brandy so poisonous.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) iii. 80 [The following materials are used for the preparation of alcohol or of liquids containing alcohol...] (c) The starch of cereals for beer and corn brandy, and of potatoes for potato brandy.

1999 Independent (Nexis) 30 Apr. 8 Air Macedonia's fabled in-flight service (three boiled sweets and as much potato brandy as you can drink).

† potato cheesecake n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1664 J. Forster Englands Happiness Increased 9 How to make Potato Cheescakes.

?1760 H. Glasse Compleat Confectioner 112 Potato or lemon cheescakes.

potato croquette n.

ΚΠ

1829 L. E. Ude French Cook (ed. 10) §696 Potatoe Croquettes.

1876 M. N. F. Henderson Pract. Cooking 194 Potato Croquettes. Add to four or five mashed potatoes..the beaten yolk of one egg.

1942 C. Spry Come into Garden, Cook iv. 38 The best croquettes in the world, Potato Croquettes.

1993 N.Y. Times 21 Nov. v. 35/1 A very nicely rendered version of Palermo's beloved street food, chickpea fritters and potato croquettes.

potato flour n.

ΚΠ

1792 New Ann. Reg. 1791 Brit. & Foreign Hist. 5/2 He had asserted the bread was too good for them, and that they might subsist as well upon potatoe flour.

1822 M. Edgeworth Let. 28 Dec. in Econ. Jrnl. (1907) 17 435 A sample of potato flour which was made by M. L'Asteyrie at Paris in the year 1803.

1839 Mag. Dom. Econ. 4 88 The bread made of potato flour..is nutritious, wholesome, and delicate.

1906 U. Sinclair Jungle xi. 139 Potato-flour is the waste of potato after the starch and alcohol have been extracted; it has no more food value than so much wood.

1990 Here's Health Dec. 49/1 Instead of wheat flour, organic brown rice and potato flour are used, which makes it suitable for anyone with wheat sensitivities or coeliac disease.

potato fritter n.

ΚΠ

1736 C. Carter Compl. City & Country Cook (ed. 2) 167 (heading) Potatoe Fritters Spanish.

1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xix. 497 Potatoe Fritters. See directions for potatoe puddings. The same mixture dropped in fritters into boiling butter, and fried till firm on both sides will be found very good.

1981 Cook's Mag. Nov. 47/2 Minnesotans of all ethnic heritages today enjoy lefse (a potato fritter).

2003 Windsor (Ont.) Star (Nexis) 23 Aug. f1 Herb-crusted halibut on a potato fritter with asparagus drizzled in lemon butter.

potato meal n.

ΚΠ

1664 J. Forster Englands Happiness Increased 6 You must take as much Wheat or Barley Flower as your half Bushel of Potato Meal weighs.

1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers III. xv. 247 Hungry creatures..tried to cheat disease by mixing the damp..flour with rice or potato meal.

1924 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 87 437 The industries selected were the following:—Margarine. Soap... Electricity works. Potato meal. Flour mills. Cocoa.

2003 Sports Illustr. (Nexis) 22 Sept. 58 If it's Wednesday during Lent, they'll eat peanut soup or potato meal or unseasoned rice and lentils, the blander the better.

potato pasty n.

ΚΠ

1653 Ghost or Woman wears the Breeches iii. 18 Potato-pasties, and lusty marrow-pies.

1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xvi. 409 (heading) Modern potatoe pasty. (An excellent family dish.)

1887 Chambers's Jrnl. 17 Sept. 594/2 He divided among them the cold potato-pasty that constituted the family dinner.

2004 North Devon Jrnl. (Nexis) 2 Dec. 16 Traditional food including potato pasties and bread and cheese will be available.

potato pudding n.

ΚΠ

1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 105 A Potatoe Pudding..rub them through a Sieve..Butter..Sugar..Eggs..Sack or Brandy..Currans.

1766 Museum Rusticum 6 396 Mashed with a trencher; as for a potatoe pudding.

1801 G. Colman Rev. ii. iii. 32 Bull. Oh, you are come at last; you are plaguey fond of ducks, I should think?..Loon. I like 'em with a good potatoe pudding in their belly.

1852 M. H. Eastman Aunt Phillis's Cabin 56 I jist wanted some brandy to put in these potato puddins.

1933 Z. N. Hurston Gilded Six-bits in Story Aug. 62 Perched on the window-sill a pone of spicy potato pudding.

1997 O. P. Adisa It begins with Tears ii. 66 The brown-coolie man..would have something for the baby, a blackie mango,..a sweet-sop, a jackfruit, guinep, even potato pudding.

potato soup n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > vegetable soup

joutes1377

leek-pottagec1440

kalea1480

colea1500

nettle broth1652

spring pottage1661

minestra1673

spring soup1744

onion soup1747

shchi1824

Palestine soup1834

potato soup1834

tomato soup1840

julienne1841

gazpacho1845

printanier1867

minestrone1871

vichyssoise1939

pistou1979

1834 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae lxviii in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 586 Potato-soup,..sheep's-head-broth, kail, and rummble-te-thumps.

1906 Macmillan's Mag. July 675 Potato-soup,..pea-soup, or even chestnut-soup for the fruitarian.

1993 R. Shell iCED 126 A kitchen where I'd cook up potato soup and ground-beef midnight snacks.

potato starch n.

ΚΠ

1801 Times 16 Dec. 2/2 The Royal Assent was given, by Commission, to..the Rice and Potatoe Starch Bill.

1831 Encycl. Brit. IV. 300/1 We have been assured, that..Indian arrowroot is nothing else than potato starch mixed with a little gum tragacanth.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xiv. 338 In potato starch the granules are large and somewhat angular.

1994 New Scientist 4 June 81/3 Boiling potatoes results in gelatinisation of potato starch.

potato sugar n.

ΚΠ

1842 Times 3 May 2/2 (advt.) Excise-office, Old Broad-street... For sale..Foreign brandy.., tobacco, molasses, potato sugar.

1888 Catholic World June 353 The potato-sugar is again added, the pump works, and so on until the lees are exhausted.

2002 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 9 Mar. 2 Older members discuss the potential risks of potato sugar for diabetics.

potato yeast n.

ΚΠ

1800 Naval Chron. 3 364 Method of making potatoe yeast.

1897 New Eng. Mag. July 565/1 Deliverance planned to raise her bread in the modern way... Elmina insisted on potato yeast.

1965 S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm vi. 88 The recipe was written on the back of the paper that the recipe for potato yeast was on.

2002 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 23 Mar. Rewena bread..is somewhat sweet and made with potato yeast.

b. Objective (applied to persons, tools, processes, etc.)

† potato-assorter n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1869 Sci. Amer. 6 Mar. 157/2 Potato assorter and Sifter.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1775/2 Potato-assorter, a rolling screen with open meshes to allow small potatoes to be sorted from the larger merchantable ones.

1909 H. J. Banker Bancker or Banker Families Amer. xvi. 211 Another invention was a potato assorter which was patented and proved to be of practical value.

1916 Alphabet. List Patentees in Ann. Rep. Comm. Patents 1916 (U.S. Patent Office) 1141/1 Potato-assorter. J. H. Green. No. 1,174,711; Mar. 7.

potato chipper n.

ΚΠ

1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 436/1 Potato Chipper, can be used as a..chopper for potatoes.

1951 Festival of Brit.: Catal. Exhibits: South Bank Exhib. (H.M.S.O.) 52/1 Potato chipper; Thos. A. Nutbrown Ltd., Walker Street, Blackpool, Lancs.

1995 Kay & Co. (Worcester) Catal. Autumn–Winter 901/2 Potato chipper..mixer..grater..crusher..juicer..shells hard boiled eggs.

potato cutter n.

ΚΠ

1874 Subject-matter Index Patents 1790–1873 (U.S. Patent Office) II. 1111/1 Potato cutter and planter.

1906 A. Filippini Internat. Cook Bk. 228 Cut with a sharp knife—if no julienne-shaped potato cutter is at hand—into even julienne, match-like strips.

1948 Good Housek. Cookery Bk. ii. 289 Scoop out the potato balls with a Parisian potato cutter.

1999 Business Week (Nexis) 31 May 4 An electric potato cleaner and a potato cutter whir in one corner of the kitchen.

potato digger n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop

potato digger1795

picker1805

potato graip1844

potato hook1856

potato lifter1858

spinner1923

1795 W. Cobbett Bone to gnaw for Democrats 18 Who will believe them? Nobody, here, above the rank of a potatoe digger.

1845 Quincy (Illinois) Whig 18 Dec. 2/5 A new potatoe digger was recently exhibited in operation at Salem, West Jersey.

1981 Southern Hort. (N.Z.) Spring 7/1 A year later the roots were lifted with a potato digger and transplanted as bare roots in the field by hand.

2005 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Northwestern (Nexis) 10 July The four who came to the village on the train that October day, claiming to be potato diggers, intent on robbing the bank.

potato-digging adj. and n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > potato-digging

potato-digging1813

1813 J. Poole Hole in Wall ii. 33 I'll break your bones, you potatoe-digging rascal.

1836 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker (1837) 1st Ser. xxiii. 243 Reapin and bindin grain, and potatoe diggin.

a1887 R. Jefferies in W. Besant Eulogy (1888) v. 136 Let him pass to his potato-digging.

1985 S. Hood Storm from Paradise (1988) 70 Across the fields he could see in the distance the potato-digging machine advancing slowly down the drills.

potato farmer n.

ΚΠ

1784 E. Long Free & Candid Rev. of Tract 28 The poorest potatoe farmer in the wilds of Ireland may dispute pre-eminence with the yeomanry of Canada.

1880 G. O. Trevelyan Early Hist. C. J. Fox (1900) v. 167 The Connaught potato-farmers whom one day he was to hand over by droves to the mercies of the press-gang.

2003 New Scientist 1 Feb. 43/3 In the Andes potato farmers say that the clarity of the Pleiades star cluster in June predicts the timing of the rainy season.

potato farming n.

ΚΠ

1884 Sioux Valley (Iowa) News 24 Apr. 2/2 Potatoes..may be grown successfully by covering the ground with a thick layer of straw... This will be very satisfactory potato farming to many—if true.

1890 C. W. Dilke Probl. Greater Brit. 124 There are..other tracts of disintegrated volcanic rock where potato-farming is carried on with extraordinary success.

2005 Portland (Maine) Press Herald (Nexis) 4 Sept. f1 Throughout Aroostook, resource-based industries like forestry and potato farming are still key.

potato-gatherer n.

ΚΠ

1870 Times 28 Nov. 5/2 Reports from Versailles state that the potato gatherers come over to the Prussian lines by thousands, and they have to be fired upon by the Prussians to drive them back to the city.

1900 Daily News 11 Feb. 6/4 His subjects were..peasants, potato-gatherers, fisher-folk.

2004 Daily Mail (Nexis) 8 Oct. 39 Officers suspect they had been working illegally as fruit-pickers and potato gatherers for meagre wages.

potato grower n.

ΚΠ

1818 J. Keats Let. 20 Sept. (1958) I. 368 Projectors, Patentees, Presidents, Potatoe growers.

1885 Amer. Naturalist 19 396 During the past year some experiments were made at Reading, England, upon the grounds of Messr. Sutton & Sons, the eminent potato growers.

1979 Guardian 4 Aug. 1/3 The Potato Marketing Board, through which all commercial potato growers have to operate.

2005 Irish Independent (Nexis) 22 Feb. Potato growers have been urged to develop the processing production side of their enterprise.

potato-growing n. and adj.

ΚΠ

1826 Times 11 Nov. 2/4 The poor get accommodated, as it is called, with slips of land for potatoe growing.

1845 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 24 Oct. 2/4 Inspection of the state of the potato crop in this most fertile potato-growing locale.

1918 in E. L. D. Seymour Farm Knowl. II. v. xxxi. 435 The corn-growing or potato-growing farmer must rely..for improvement and uniformity upon the seed plot in which his superior plants are produced.

2004 Economist (U.S. ed.) (Nexis) 1 May The official press offers only paeans of praise for his talents in everything from potato growing to golf.

potato-harvester n.

ΚΠ

1857 Sci. Amer. 26 Nov. 357/1 For an Improvement in Potato-Harvesters... This invention consists in..an adjustable share, rotary screen, and rotary discharging-device..whereby..the digging of potatoes and other roots, may be performed.

1878 Times 11 May 6/4 There is throughout the same one face which we learnt to know in Mr. Macbeth's gang-labourers and potato-harvesters—in all his idylls of rustic labour, in fact.

1942 Mississippi Valley Hist. Rev. 28 627 The discussion of the problems of the migrant agricultural workers includes those of the potato harvesters from Florida to Maine.

2004 Countryman (W. Austral.) (Nexis) 22 Apr. 17 The combined hydraulic flow from the two systems is an impressive 257 litres per minute to run air seeders, potato harvesters and other specialty equipment more efficiently.

potato lifter n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop

potato digger1795

picker1805

potato graip1844

potato hook1856

potato lifter1858

spinner1923

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 299/1 Potato-lifter, a prong; also a kind of digging machine.

1908 Econ. Jrnl. 18 244 Every effort has been made to reduce the amount of labour in agriculture. The self-binder and the potato-lifter have been introduced.

1967 A. L. Lloyd Folk Song in Eng. i. 17 The old potato lifter who cried to the pitiless sun: ‘Oh, were you never on hire yourself?’

2004 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. (Nexis) 6 June 11 Katrina has driven a combine, a beet plow and a potato lifter.

potato peeler n.

ΚΠ

1869 Sci. Amer. 8 May 301/1 Potato Peeler... This invention relates to a new machine for peeling potatoes and other fruit; and it consists in the application of revolving graters, and of a stationary removable grater, to operate in the desired manner for paring apples, potatoes, etc.

1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 436/1 The Peerless Potato Peeler. This is an entirely new and novel article for peeling and slicing potatoes.

1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 610/1 Potatoes should be peeled..with either a special potato peeler or a sharp, short-bladed knife.

1993 House Beautiful Feb. 53/2 The archaeologists' pride and joy is the trowel. They use it more or less like a potato peeler, scraping off layers of soil like so many thin skins.

potato-picker n.

ΚΠ

1846 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 16 Jan. 5/2 O'Connell could not now agitate a potato-picker, and the entire batch of conspirators are as much extinguished as if they were at the bottom of the bog of Allen.

1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Oct. 6/3 In the Long Sutton District..the potato-pickers have struck work for an increase of pay.

1926 Econ. Geogr. 2 203 (caption) Wagons awaiting the arrival of potato-pickers who invade the tip of the Peninsula for the potato harvest labor.

2002 Cheshire Life Aug. 182/1 Between the First and Second World Wars, gangs of Irish potato-pickers would arrive in the village and work with the local women, picking and bagging potatoes.

potato-picking n.

ΚΠ

1895 Times 24 June 8/1 A potato picking machine.

1916 Times 4 Nov. 3/3 The Staffordshire Education Committee has decided to release a number of boys from school attendance for potato picking in the fields.

1976 Eastern Evening News (Norwich) 22 Dec. 1/8 They told the council they intended to stay only over Christmas and were then going to Northampton for potato-picking.

1999 R. Deakin Waterlog (2000) xvii. 201 We would start beet singling, then gooseberries, then plums, then apples, then potato-picking, then more apples.

potato planter n.

ΚΠ

1788 G. Washington Diary 3 June (1979) V. 337 At the Ferry the Potatoe planters having overtaken the Plows and Harrows, went to weeding Corn with Hoes.

1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex I. 394 By far the greatest potatoe-planter in Essex.

1904 Publ. Amer. Econ. Soc. 3rd Ser. 5 10 Potato planters and diggers, feed choppers and grinders, manure spreaders, and ditch-digging machines are only a few of many labor-saving devices now common on the farms in the Central States.

1995 Farmers Weekly 31 Mar. 129/1 (advt.) Hassia 2 row potato planter with ridging bodies £750.

potato-planting n.

ΚΠ

1838 Times 12 Mar. 4/3 Families whom the exhaustion of their stock of potatoes and the want of employment from potato-planting to harvest reduce, more or less every year, to the greatest want and privation.

1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization iv. 142 To revert to the Irish peasantry..—there is a form of non-monetary co-operation..in tasks such as..potato-planting.

2005 Oregon Business (Nexis) 1 July 40 He stops regularly and digs his hands into the wet dirt to check his young potato plantings for rot.

potato-raiser n.

ΚΠ

1853 H. Stephens Farmer's Guide II. 396 (caption) The potato-raiser attached to a plough.

1880 Daily News 10 Dec. 2/4 An exhibit of comparative novelty..being the potato-raiser, which was declared not many years ago to be without the range of practical agriculture.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 413/1 In 1887..lesser prizes [went] to a weighing machine..potato-raisers and one-man-power cream separators.

1931 Amer. Speech 7 123 The potato raiser like other farmers usually finds that the price is low if his crop is plentiful.

1989 Official Kremlin Internat. News Broadcast (Nexis) 17 May Alexander Fyodorovich Orlov, a potato-raiser well-known to the entire oblast.

potato-roaster n.

ΚΠ

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 299/1 Potato-roaster, a tin machine carried about by an itinerant vender, who sells hot baked potatoes.

1998 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 22 May 3 c A couple of other Char-Broil rack choices include their Vertical Poultry and Potato Roaster for $8.99.

potato-separator n.

ΚΠ

1863 Sci. Amer. 31 Oct. 284/2 Potato Separator... I claim the revolving screen, i, inclined in one direction, in combination with the vibrating screen, j, inclined in an opposite direction.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1776/2 Potato-separator, an implement used for the purpose of sorting the tubers in sizes.

1903 Times 7 Dec. 3/3 Lighter types of implements are to be seen in the galleries, where..Mr. Henry Cooch [shows] potato separators, Mr. Robert Boby corn screens, [etc.].

1999 BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific (Nexis) 28 Oct. The Taehongdan Potato Institute..is engaged in breeding and selecting non-virus potato seeds,..introducing potato separators and sowers,[etc.].

potato-smasher n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > masher or crusher

potato-beetle1821

potato masher1835

masher1849

potato-smasher1858

sugar-crusher1870

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 299/1 Potato-smasher, a cook's wooden utensil for mashing potatoes for the table.

2002 Bellingham (Washington) Herald (Nexis) 24 Dec. 1 c Evan was in charge of creaming... He'd use a potato smasher.

potato-washer n.

ΚΠ

1850 Times 26 Sept. 8/1 The customary assortment of chaff-cutters, rick-stands, churns, potato-washers, &c., were also to be seen.

1859 All Year Round 18 June 191/2 Tossing the newspapers and packets about, like a potato-washer over a tub of potatoes.

2002 Indianapolis Star (Nexis) 17 Oct. 1 e Yum has imported planters and dryers from Korea, and a root washer (a modified potato washer) from Wisconsin.

C2.

potato apple n. the poisonous fruit (a berry) of the potato plant, resembling a small green or yellow-green tomato. The apparent former use of potato berries as a food is difficult to account for if the content of toxic alkaloids was like that of the modern cultivar. In the case of quot. 1663, the broader context permits the (somewhat implausible) interpretation of the ‘fruit’ as referring to the tubers.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit

eye?1440

potato apple1663

potato eye1733

eyehole1782

potato bean1805

potato ball1817

seed ball1821

1663 R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 72 The branch will bringe forth fruit which wee call the potato Apple, they are very good to pickle for winter sallets.

1798 N.Y. State Soc. Arts 1 261 I gathered what are commonly called the potatoe-apples, when they were fully ripe.

1846 J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. p. v We are ourselves curious in the fabrication of a salad,..but have never yet screwed up our courage to plunge a green potato-apple into the bowl.

1878 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. XVII. 690 A girl of fourteen died from eating green potato-apples.

1930 Times Educ. Suppl. 18 Oct. 431/2 A section of the ‘potato apple’ is like that of the tomato.

2003 Irish Times (Nexis) 15 Feb. (Mag.) 82 Although potato tubers are fine things to eat, the fruits that sometimes form on the plants—known as ‘potato apples’—contain toxic alkaloids.

potato ball n. (a) Cookery (chiefly in plural) potato shaped into balls, esp. mashed potatoes mixed with milk and butter, rolled into balls, and fried; †(b) (probably) the berry of the potato plant (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > rissoles, balls, or croquettes > [noun]

rishew1340

pomedorry1381

rafiolea1425

raynoll?c1425

pomea1450

andouillet1611

raviol1611

tamale1625

patty1660

poupiets1702

croquette1706

rissole1706

potato cake1747

Basque1769

potato ball1817

Cecils1819

polpetta1822

quenelle1827

kibbeh1829

meatball1835

kromeski1846

quenelle de volaille1846

quesadilla1848

kungu cake1865

ponhaus1869

frikkadel1870

albondigas1872

fricandel1872

Vienna steak1874

pirozhok1887

kofta1888

paupiette1889

cheeseball1895

keftedes1912

baozi1927

crab cake1929

falafel1936

klops1936

coddie1941

wonton1948

fish finger1962

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake

potato cake1747

potato dumpling1765

potato ball1817

potato pancake1856

potato puff1871

potato latke1927

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit

eye?1440

potato apple1663

potato eye1733

eyehole1782

potato bean1805

potato ball1817

seed ball1821

1777 C. Mason Lady's Assistant (ed. 3) 321 Potatoes in Balls. Do them as above; roll them in balls with a little flower, brown them in a common or Dutch oven, or fry them.]

1817 W. Kitchiner Apicius Redivivus sig. E4 Savoury Potatoe Balls (No. 112.) Are made by adding a quarter of a pound of crated ham to a pound of mashed potatoes with the yolk of a couple of eggs.

1823 T. B. Hazard Diary 16 May (1930) 596/1 Planted a Potatoe Ball.

1824 M. Randolph Virginia House-wife 120 Potatoe Balls. Mix mashed potatoes with the yelk of an egg, roll them into balls.

1850 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1849: Agric. 198 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (31st Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 20, Pt. 2) VI In 1847, he planted a single potato-ball or apple; only one seed grew.

1948 Good Housek. Cookery Bk. ii. 289 Scoop out the potato balls with a Parisian potato cutter.

1969 E. H. Pinto Treen 141 The hardwood handle with, at each end, a steel bowl with a hole in the base..is a potato ball maker, probably 18th-century.

2000 S. Fallon & M. Rothschild World Food: France (Lonely Planet Guide) 148 Potato balls that have been sauteed in butter, glazed in meat drippings and sprinkled with parsley.

potato bean n. †(a) a bean-shaped tuberous excrescence at the base of a potato stem (obsolete rare); (b) the groundnut, Apios americana.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit

eye?1440

potato apple1663

potato eye1733

eyehole1782

potato bean1805

potato ball1817

seed ball1821

1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 628 The dark brown-coloured excrescence that grows to the size of a large horse-bean on the haulm or straw of the potatoe..termed in some places the potatoe bean.

1979 Garden (Victoria & Albert Mus.) 89/2 The American potato-bean from Virginia.

2000 Nature Conservancy Sept. 35/3 The preserve is situated on a calcareous bluff forest that harbors the world's largest-known population of..Apios priceana, or Price's potato-bean.

potato-bing n. Scottish and Irish English a heap of potatoes, esp. one covered with earth, straw, etc., for winter storage.

ΚΠ

1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 68 Potatoe-bings are snugged up frae skaith.

1815 W. Finlayson Simple Sc. Rhymes 25 Potatoe-bings, in beautiful array, Contain the hopes o' mony a future day.

1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 217/2 Potato-bing, a covered heap of potatoes.., [also] an uncovered heap of potatoes kept in a house.

potato blight n. a highly destructive disease of potatoes caused by a parasitic fungus, Phytophthora infestans, which first attacks the leaves, gradually spreading to all above-ground parts of the plant and finally the tubers, causing them to rot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes

potato blight1845

potato disease1845

potato murrain1845

potato rot1845

potato curl1887

late blight1893

black scab1908

wart disease1915

black wart1950

1845 Times 16 Sept. 6/5 The advices from Ireland are also, happily, silent on the subject of the potato blight.

1861 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 24 405 It must also be remembered that the effects of the disasterous period of famine and pestilence, which commenced with the potato blight of 1846–7, had extended over the first few years of the decade upon which it is now our province to report.

1879 H. George Progress & Poverty (1881) ii. ii. 110 When the potato blight came, they died by thousands.

1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. xiv. 259 It would probably be worth while incorporating an aphicide such as nicotine or derris in the routine spraying for potato blight.

1988 Garden Answers Apr. 59/4 Spray with copper or other suitable fungicide to control potato blight.

potato-bogle n. Scottish a scarecrow in a potato field, or with a potato for a head; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > sowing and planting equipment > [noun] > bird-scarer

scarlec1440

scare1530

blencher1531

shail1531

fray-boggard1535

crow-keeper1562

malkinc1565

clacket1594

scarecrow1606

clap-mill1613

field keeper1620

shaw-fowl1621

bean-shatter1639

clapper1660

dudman1670

clack1678

hobidy-booby?1710

worricow1711

cherry-clapper1763

flay-crake1788

potato-bogle1815

cherry-clack1824

feather-piea1825

flay-crow1824

gally-baggar1825

gally-crow1825

bogle1830

tatie-bogle1838

shewel1888

scare-string1889

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > causing physical symptoms > [noun] > scarecrow or device for scaring birds

buga1425

scarlec1440

scare1530

blencher1531

shail1531

fray-boggard1535

malkinc1565

clacket1594

bogle-bo1603

scarecrow1606

blinks1611

clap-mill1613

shaw-fowl1621

dudman1670

hobidy-booby?1710

cherry-clapper1763

flay-crake1788

potato-bogle1815

cherry-clack1824

feather-piea1825

flay-crow1824

gally-baggar1825

gally-crow1825

bogle1830

deadman1839

hodmandod1881

scarer1930

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. viii. 74 The Laird might as weel trust the care o' his bairn to a potatoe bogle.

1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xxvi. 267 As if ye had stolen the coat from a potato-bogle.

1925 J. Buchan John Macnab xiv. 302 Johnson suddenly discover[ed] in this potato-bogle of a man something formidable.

1992 Independent (Nexis) 20 Dec. 65 What is a potato-bogle?.. A scarecrow with a head made of a potato.

potato-box n. slang (now rare) the mouth; cf. potato-jaw n., potato-trap n.

ΚΠ

1895 A. G. Murdoch Readings I. 120 Tingle the ivories in her potato-box.

1938 Times 22 Feb. 15/5 In the nineteenth century it was common to refer to the human mouth as a potato box or potato trap.

potato bread n. bread made partly from potato flour, or of which potatoes are an ingredient.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > potato bread

potato bread1719

boxty1829

1719 J. Breval Mac-Dermot ii. 12 On great Mens Offals chusing to be fed, When thou couldst eat thy own Potatoe Bread.

1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Sept. xxv. 119 Potatoe Bread. This Root has often been employed, like the Turnep, towards making Loaves of Bread in the scarce Times of Corn.

1861 I. M. Beeton Bk. Househ. Managem. xxv. 585 Potato Bread.—The adhesive tendency of the flour of the potato acts against its being baked or kneaded without being mixed with wheaten flour or meal.

1915 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 661/2 There is a rather large group of words that have come at us with a rush, and cannot be classified,..that fine phrase of Mr. Lloyd George's, ‘the potato-bread spirit’.

1962 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 8 Oct. 12 Potato bread is its own invitation to a snack.

1995 C. Bateman Divorcing Jack iii. 33 Margaret was making a fry-up. Sausages, bacon, egg, fried bread, soda bread, potato bread, mushrooms, pancake, tomato.

potato bug n. chiefly North American an insect, esp. a beetle, which infests potato plants; spec. (a) (more fully old-fashioned potato bug) a blister beetle of the genus Epicauta; (b) (more fully new potato-bug) the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Chrysomelidae > doryphora decemlineata (Colorado beetle)

potato bug1799

potato beetle1861

Colorado beetle1866

1799 E. Drinker Jrnl. 2 Sept. (1889) 347 They call them [sc. a species of Cantharides] here..the Potato-Bug, being numerous on the potato tops.

1865 Pract. Entomologist 1 3/1 The new Potato Bug is not what naturalists call a Bug, but a true Beetle.

1877 4th Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1876–7 108 The Colorado Potato-Beetle or Potato-Bug.

1907 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 524/1 The old-fashioned potato bug or blister-beetle..is combated in the same way as the Colorado potato-beetle. It is now rarely seen.

1949 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 5 June 14/2 It was settled that I should receive 1 cent per hundred for picking potato bugs.

1979 R. Thomas Eighth Dwarf xxi. 210 The U.S. Constabulary..were swarming over the Opel plant..like so many potato bugs.

2004 Windsor Star (Ont.) (Nexis) 17 July f8 Dead nettle, horseradish and flax also keep potato bugs off your spuds.

potato cake n. a small savoury cake or patty made from potato and (usually) flour, and cooked by frying.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > rissoles, balls, or croquettes > [noun]

rishew1340

pomedorry1381

rafiolea1425

raynoll?c1425

pomea1450

andouillet1611

raviol1611

tamale1625

patty1660

poupiets1702

croquette1706

rissole1706

potato cake1747

Basque1769

potato ball1817

Cecils1819

polpetta1822

quenelle1827

kibbeh1829

meatball1835

kromeski1846

quenelle de volaille1846

quesadilla1848

kungu cake1865

ponhaus1869

frikkadel1870

albondigas1872

fricandel1872

Vienna steak1874

pirozhok1887

kofta1888

paupiette1889

cheeseball1895

keftedes1912

baozi1927

crab cake1929

falafel1936

klops1936

coddie1941

wonton1948

fish finger1962

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake

potato cake1747

potato dumpling1765

potato ball1817

potato pancake1856

potato puff1871

potato latke1927

1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 98 Potatoe-Cakes. Take Potatoes boil them..mix them with Yolks of Eggs [etc.].

1824 E. Weeton Jrnl. (1969) I. 33 Often I have..been obliged to live on potatoes and potatoe cakes for weeks.

1893 ‘Q’ Delectable Duchy 26 Drinking cider and eating potato-cake.

1952 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 99/1 (advt.) Plan these good meals around tomato soup: Ham and Potato Cakes, Pork and Beans, Salad Frizzled Beef.

1972 R. Godden Diddakoi iv. 84 She was looking at the potato cakes, crisp and brown and parslied.

1994 Washington Post 3 July (Mag. section) 18/2 You needn't bother with the salty potato cakes, the heavy fried potatoes with green chorizo or the damp duck enchiladas.

potato chip n. †(a) a thin sliver or slice of sweet potato (obsolete); cf. chip n.² 2b; (b) a fried piece of potato, usually a stick or baton (now rare); cf. chip n.² 2c; (c) North American and Australian a thin slice of potato fried until crisp; now (chiefly in plural) food of this sort produced commercially, typically salted or flavoured and sold packaged in bags to be eaten as a savoury snack; cf. chip n.² 2d.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > chips

chip1854

potato chip1854

French fried potatoes1856

chip potatoes1869

pommes frites1879

French fries1902

straw potatoes1904

game chip1914

French frieds1918

pommes allumettes1962

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps

Saratoga chips1869

chip1871

potato chip1893

potato straw1895

potato crisp1921

crisp1929

twiglet1932

potato stick1937

nacho1948

potato puff1972

kettle chips1980

1841 Mississippi Free Trader & Natchez Daily Gaz. 29 Dec. 2/2 We set off with our pockets filled with biscuit, jerked venisen [sic] and potatoe chips.

1854 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross xxxix. 308 This [sc. the second course] consisted of a brace of partridges guarding a diminutive snipe at the top,..stewed celery, potato chips, puffs, and tartlets forming the side-dishes.

1876 Harper's Mag. Oct. 727/1 She ordered a cutlet, with potato chips, and lay down on the sofa.

1893 K. D. Wiggin Polly Oliver's Probl. vii. 84 Meanwhile Polly set on the table..some delicate potato chips which had come out of a pasteboard box.

1956 Times 16 Nov. 6/2 The Bill specifies sales for which shops may remain open after 1 p.m. on early closing day. These include fried fish and potato chips, mineral waters, sweets, ice-cream, milk, [etc.].

1972 C. Weston Poor, Poor Ophelia (1973) vi. 29 Two barefoot hippies were sharing a bag of potato chips.

2004 Sunday Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 18 July b6 Once it meant nothing..[to her] to polish off a big bag of potato chips and another of cheese-flavoured snacks after dinner.

potato clay n. [after Hopi tɨm?ncöqa < t?mna potato + c?qa moist earth, mud] a variety of clay traditionally used by Hopi Indians (frequently mixed with water) to neutralize bitterness, acidity, or toxins in foods such as wild potatoes, and sometimes in the production of pigments.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > other clays

red clayc1475

urry1669

blae1724

cat-dirt1747

iron clay1750

till1762

mulatto clay1788

oak-tree clay1794

porcelain jasper1794

porcellanite1794

Karoo ground1836

plinthite1836

papa1851

Bradford clay1858

Indianaite1868

sinopite1868

hydrobiotite1881

pampas-clay1885

byon1892

potato clay1896

bentonite1898

quick clay1901

gumbotil1916

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making pigments

potato clay1896

1896 Amer. Anthropologist 9 19 It is boiled and eaten with a talc of greasy taste called tümῖn' tcúka, ‘potato clay’.

1898 Internat. Folk-Lore Congr. World's Columbian Expos. 1893 I. 264 The corn having boiled about three-quarters of an hour, the pot is taken from the fire and its content poured upon the sieve, through which the purple-stained boiling water is strained upon the sumac berries. Some of the talc-like substance called potato-clay is then produced, and the operator puts a piece about the size of a walnut in his mouth, chewing it a little to soften it.

1936 Jrnl. Amer. Folk-lore 49 9 (note) Wild potato clay.

1980 J. T. Kavena Hopi Cookery 86 Add 1 cup of potato clay to the berries... Potato clay is a very fine clay found at the foot of the mesas. It is mixed with water to the consistency of thick cream and then used as a dip to neutralize the acid in wild potatoes or to add flavor and minerals to food.

1986 Jrnl. Chem. Ecol. 12 642 Potato clays are used habitually with a resource which otherwise is only modestly exploitable because of the presence of weak but quantitative toxins.

2005 P. W. Abrahams Ess. of Med. Geol. xvii. 450/1 The importance of these ‘potato clays’ can be judged from the suggestion that because all wild potatoes are poisonous to humans, the domestication of the modern potato..may have required geophagy at first.

potato creeper n. = potato vine n. (b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > American or West Indian

water withy1559

West Indian China-root1577

savannah flower1696

water withe1696

Spanish woodbine1731

potato vine1750

Indian grass1753

seven-year vine1756

tropaeolum1759

woodbine1760

water vine1774

canariensis1835

Philodendron1840

Monstera1858

twig-climber1900

money bush1924

potato creeper1925

sweetheart plant1963

1925 H. F. Macmillan Trop. Gardening & Planting (ed. 3) 129 (caption) Solanum wendlandii. Giant Potato-creeper.

1928 K. Gough Garden Bk. for Malaya xii. 205 Several attractive flowering creepers, sometimes called ‘Potato Creepers’ belong to this large genus.

1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 27 Apr. 39/6 The vine is Solanum seaforthianum, commonly known as potato creeper.

potato crisp n. chiefly British a very thin slice of potato fried until crisp; now (chiefly in plural): food of this sort produced commercially, typically salted or flavoured and sold packaged in bags to be eaten as a savoury snack; = potato chip n. (c).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps

Saratoga chips1869

chip1871

potato chip1893

potato straw1895

potato crisp1921

crisp1929

twiglet1932

potato stick1937

nacho1948

potato puff1972

kettle chips1980

1921 Times 4 June 14/3 H. Kay, T. H. Garrett, and J. W. Fowler, manufacturers of potato crisps.

1970 New Yorker 26 Sept. 125/1 His mum..leaves him a florin..for some ginger pop and potato crisps.

2004 Food & Trav. May 63/1 First off is a seared carpaccio of venison with raspberry ice cream, potato crisps, vanilla oil and chocolate sauce.

potato curl n. disused a disease of potatoes in which the leaves and young stems yellow and wither, caused by the fungi of the genus Verticillium, esp. V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae; = curl n. 4 (now usually called Verticillium wilt).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes

potato blight1845

potato disease1845

potato murrain1845

potato rot1845

potato curl1887

late blight1893

black scab1908

wart disease1915

black wart1950

1778 Lett. to Agric. Soc. at Manch. on Cause of Curled Dis. in Potatoes 18 The most probable cause of the curl in potatoes.]

1887 Nicholson's Dict. Gard. III. 207/2 The means employed to limit the spread of Potato Rot..are equally applicable against Potato Curl.

1937 Times 14 Aug. 13/6 Potato ‘curl’ was known in the eighteenth century, but its nature began to be elucidated by Quanjer in Holland about 1914-16.

potato cyst nematode n. either of the nematodes Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis (formerly believed to be a single species), which damage the green parts of potato and tomato plants, and can be seen (as small egg-filled cysts) on their roots; also called potato root eelworm.

ΚΠ

1960 R. D. Winslow in J. N. Sasser & W. D. Jenkins Nematology vii. xxxvi. 395/1 The geographical distribution of..H[eterodera] rostochiensis, the golden or potato cyst nematode..is fairly well known.

1994 New Scientist 10 Dec. 21/2 The golden potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) and the white potato cyst nematode (G. pallida) together cause damage worth £300 million in Europe alone.

potato disease n. a disease affecting potato plants; spec. = potato blight n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes

potato blight1845

potato disease1845

potato murrain1845

potato rot1845

potato curl1887

late blight1893

black scab1908

wart disease1915

black wart1950

1845 A. H. Clough Corr. 2 Nov. (1957) I. 118 Potato-disease and abolition of corn-laws.

1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1886) 153 He is equally at home with the potato-disease.

1909 B. M. Duggar Fungous Dis. Plants x. 165 The late blight and rot of the potato is so generally known that frequently this malady is simply called the ‘potato disease’.

1959 A. Beaumont Dis. Farm Crops iv. 66 Diseases of potatoes... Common scab (Actinomyces scabies). This is probably the commonest potato disease, particularly in the drier parts of England.

1991 Potato Marketing Materials (BNC) When a potato disease called blight devastated the Irish crop in 1845, 1846 and again in 1848 the entire population faced famine and starvation.

potato dumpling n. a dumpling whose ingredients include potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > dumplings

dumpling1600

Norfolk dumpling1600

macaroni1616

doughboy1685

pot-ball1688

potato dumpling1765

fungee1789

hop-about1820

knödel1827

johnnycake1831

dough ball1836

Salzburger nockerl1855

pierogi1863

gnocchi1891

cob1898

matzo ball1902

knaidel1903

pizzelle1912

knish1916

mandlen1944

shumai1951

nockerl1954

potsticker1963

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake

potato cake1747

potato dumpling1765

potato ball1817

potato pancake1856

potato puff1871

potato latke1927

1765 London Mag. July 351 They also make..potatoe dumplings boiled, made the same way as the potatoe oven-cakes.

1912 M. B. Brown Just Use-it-Up vi. 139 Potato dumpling. This is a very well-known dish in North Germany.

1974 ‘D. Craig’ Dead Liberty xvii. 100 Dravier asked for roast pork and potato dumplings.

2000 M. Evans et al. World Food: Italy 33 Gnocchi. Small potato dumplings that, at their best, are as light as a cloud. Typically served with tomato sauce or meat ragù.., or sometimes baked.

potato-eater n. slang (usually derogatory) a person who habitually eats potatoes, esp. an Irish person (in quot. 1871, an Englishman from the point of view of an Afrikaner).

ΚΠ

1796 W. Beddoes Lett. to Rt. Hon. Wm. Pitt on Means relieving present Scarcity 29 How far a small quantity may be taken by the Irish potatoe-eaters at, or instantly before the meal, is another question.

1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 642/1 Harkee, you bog-trotting potato-eater, if you don't make less noise with that cat-call of yours, I'll be after sending one aloft who will speedily change your music.

1871 J. Mackenzie Ten Years North of Orange River i. 16 I have heard ‘potato-eater’ employed by them [sc. Dutch farmers] as a contemptuous term for an Englishman!

1917 Sci. Monthly Oct. 351 The Irish potato-eater was doomed to a subordinate position in comparison to the English, who used a more costly food.

1991 A. Nikiforuk Fourth Horseman vii. 112 The potato-eaters formed secret societies and planned the assassination of English landlords and informers. The potato..nourished gangs of Oak Boys, Ribbon Men and White Boys.

† potato-eel n. Obsolete rare = potato eelworm n.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-eel, a small threadworm or nematoid, of the family Anguillulidæ, infesting the potato.

potato eelworm n. any of various nematodes infesting potatoes, esp. = potato cyst nematode n.; also called potato root eelworm.

ΚΠ

1911 S. B. Doten & P. Frandsen in Nevada Agric. Exper. Station Bull. 76 1 (title) The potato eelworm.

1948 W. A. R. Dillon-Weston & R. E. Taylor Plant in Health & Dis. xi. 82 Potato Eelworm. There are two distinct kinds of eelworm that attack the potato, the Root Eelworm (Heterodera rostochiensis), and the Stem Eelworm (Anguillulina dipsaci).

1985 Jrnl. Operational Res. Soc. 36 58 Maris Piper..is susceptible to scab and viruses but is resistant to one potato eelworm and is of superior cooking quality.

potato eye n. a bud of a potato tuber: see eye n.¹ 10b(a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit

eye?1440

potato apple1663

potato eye1733

eyehole1782

potato bean1805

potato ball1817

seed ball1821

1733 Pract. Husbandman & Planter I. iii. 80 You are to place your Potato-Eyes, as they were before prepared, at about five or six Inches asunder.

1865 Sci. Amer. 16 Sept. 183/2 The specifications describe..a process of converting this starch into grape sugar. It is the well-known process of steeping the starch in very dilute sulphuric acid, with some slight modifications, one being the introduction of ‘the extract of potato eyes’.

1926 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53 433 The solanin is most abundant..in the neighborhood of the potato eyes.

1991 Sci. News 24 Aug. 125/1 Almonds, cinnamon, cumin and thyme contain aromatic aldehydes and alcohols that destroy the potato eye.

potato failure n. the failure of a potato crop; cf. potato famine n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine > of specific food or crop

potato failure1845

potato famine1846

Great Famine1849

Great Hunger1910

1845 E. S. Cayley Lett. to Ld. John Russell (1846) i. 9 The deficiency caused by the potato failure will be in some measure compensated by the unusually large crops of oats, barley, and beans.

1915 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 2 436 If the tuber-bearing stolons are the seat of injury, the food supply is cut off from the young tubers and there may result ‘little potato’, a form of the disease which Rolfs ('04) has found to be an important cause of the potato failures in Colorado.

1978 R. Mitchison Life in Scotl. vi. 112 If we compare the state of crofting families—sustained, in squalid poverty, through the potato failure of 1846 by their landowners—with the hardships of the..urban poor..in the early 1840's [etc.].

2004 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 12 Mar. e1 The Great Hunger, the devastating potato failure that left more than a million Irish dead between 1845 and 1850, and propelled another million into exile.

potato famine n. famine caused by the failure of a potato crop; spec. (also Potato Famine) that in Ireland which began in 1845.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine > of specific food or crop

potato failure1845

potato famine1846

Great Famine1849

Great Hunger1910

1846 Littell's Living Age 3 Jan. 39/2 The whig alarmists mean something more than an Irish potato famine; they mean a corn dearth in England.

1853 U.S. Rev. June 530 ‘Do you know what becomes of the tenantry at present ejected from estates in Ireland?’ ‘I fear very many of them perish.’ And this was before the potato famine.

1875 J. O'Rourke Hist. Great Irish Famine vii. 196 To have met the Potato Famine with anything like complete success, would have been a Herculean task for any government.

1974 P. Lovesey Invitation to Dynamite Party ii. 27 He was an Irishman whose family emigrated at the time of the potato famine.

2001 TES Primary July 54/1 This moving account of a young woman's experiences during 18 months of the potato famine deserves attention as a stand-alone diary-novel.

potato fern n. (a) chiefly Australian a fern of the genus Marattia (the para or king fern); (b) any of several tropical South American ferns of the genus Solanopteris (family Polypodiaceae), the rhizomes of which contain specialized sacs that are inhabited by ants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > horseshoe fern or part

king fern1829

para1869

potato fern1881

synangium1881

horseshoe-fern1898

1881 F. M. Bailey Fern World Austral. 24 Potatoe Fern.

1974 Brenesia 4 37 The potato ferns are unique in the New World for possessing hollowed tuber-like modified stems frequently containing ants.

1987 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. 544 Solanopteris Copel. Polypodiaceae... S. bifrons..(potato fern). Tubers inhabited by Azteca & other ants.

2003 Cairns Post (Nexis) 23 May 39 The moisture-loving potato fern, with arching 3m long fronds.

† potato finger n. [with reference to the supposed aphrodisiac quality of the sweet potato] figurative Obsolete a finger which incites lust; (perhaps) a penis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun] > aphrodisiac > specific

cantharides?1541

potato1565

hippomane1580

potato finger1609

hippomane1756

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. ii. 56 How the diuell Luxury with his fat rumpe and potato finger, tickles together.

potato flake n. a flake of dehydrated mashed potato; chiefly in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato > dried potato

potato flake1917

Pom1947

1917 Times 16 Feb. 5/6 Liquid resin, resin soap, and potato flakes have been added to the list of articles the export of which is prohibited in Sweden.

1920 Amer. Econ. Rev. 10 135 (list) Potato flake manufacture.

1994 Outdoor Canada May 28/1 Backpacker stoves soon had two pots of water on a simmer. One was for the mandatory tea; in the other, we tossed some macaroni, onion flakes, potato flakes, [etc.].

potato fly n. U.S. any of various blister beetles (family Meloidae) esp. of the genera Lytta and Cantharis, infesting potato vines and other plants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Heteromera > family Meloidae > member of genus Epicauta

potato fly1806

1806 in R. B. Thomas Farmer's Almanack for 1807 sig. H The potatoe fly, or bug, appears about the first of July.

1861 Amer. Agriculturist July 194/2 If the potato fly (Cantharis vittata) is injuring the vines, many may be destroyed by two persons sweeping the field with a sheet held by the four corners, in the form of a bag.

1882 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 9 130 One year this tree was nearly stripped of its leaves by a cloud of potato-flies (the blistering fly).

1996 Economist (U.S. ed.) (Nexis) 6 Apr. s8 There is also a scientific laboratory, where in a series of temperature-controlled rooms technicians are growing organic pesticides to fight potato fly.

potato fungus n. a parasitic fungus, Phytophthora infestans, which attacks the leaves, stems, and tubers of potato-plants, causing potato blight.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants > potato fungus

potato fungus1857

Phytophthora1925

1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §637 The common mould of paste,..the green mould of cheese... The Potato-fungus.

1888 Athenæum 28 Jan. 119/1 Preparations showing the entrance of the potato fungus into the host-plant.

1979 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 39 323 Such a crisis occurred in 1846–1850 when the harvests of potatoes, the staple food of most smallholders, failed in the wake of an epidemic of potato fungus.

2003 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 28 Feb. f1 OMYA uses the same agricultural pesticides that are employed to control potato fungus and preserve oranges.

potato graip n. British and U.S. regional a potato fork (see graip n. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop

potato digger1795

picker1805

potato graip1844

potato hook1856

potato lifter1858

spinner1923

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1125 There are two modes of lifting potatoes, namely, with the plough, and with the potato-graip.

1866 Gardeners' Chron. 21 Apr. 373/2 It is a pleasure to see an Irishman working con amore with a spade or hoe, but above all with a Potato graip.

1906 Trans. Highland & Agric. Soc. Scotl. 18 iv. 59 In the early potato-growing districts,..the potato graip or fork is the only implement in general use.

1960 Agric. Mechanization (Econ. Comm. for Europe, United Nations) 13 28 A man uses a special potato graip to put the potatoes in the hopper.

2000 H. Holmes As Good as Holiday v. 38 The most widespread [hand tool]..was the fork, ‘potato graip’ or ‘tattie graip’, a short shafted graip, with three or four prongs, flattened to prevent the potatoes from being damaged.

† potato grant n. Obsolete (in the Caribbean) a piece of land granted to a slave for the growing of potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > land granted to slave

potato grant1859

1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) 335 Potato Grant, a patch of land for growing vegetables formerly granted by the owner to each of his slaves: West Indies.

potato-headed adj. derogatory having a head resembling a potato; (also) thickheaded, dull, stupid.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]

sloweOE

stuntc960

dullOE

hardOE

stuntlyc1000

sotc1050

dillc1175

dulta1225

simplea1325

heavy1340

astonedc1374

sheepishc1380

dull-witteda1387

lourd1390

steerishc1411

ass-likea1425

brainless?a1439

deafc1440

sluggishc1450

short-witted1477

obtuse1509

peakish1519

wearish1519

deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520

doileda1522

gross1526

headlessa1530

stulty1532

ass-headed1533

pot-headed1533

stupid?1541

sheep's head1542

doltish1543

dumpish1545

assish1548

blockish1548

slow-witted1548

blockheaded1549

surd1551

dull-headed1552

hammer-headed1552

skit-brained?1553

buzzardly1561

witless1562

log-headeda1566

assy1566

sottish1566

dastardly1567

stupidious1567

beetle-headed1570

calvish1570

bluntish1578

cod's-headed1578

grout-headed1578

bedaft1579

dull-pated1580

blate1581

buzzard-like1581

long-eared1582

dullard1583

woodena1586

duncical1588

leaden-headed1589

buzzard1592

dorbellical1592

dunstical1592

heavy-headeda1593

shallow-brained1592

blunt-witted1594

mossy1597

Bœotian1598

clay-brained1598

fat1598

fat-witted1598

knotty-pated1598

stupidous1598

wit-lost1599

barren1600

duncifiedc1600

lourdish1600

stockish1600

thick1600

booby1603

leaden-pated1603

partless1603

thin-headed1603

leaden-skulledc1604

blockhead1606

frost-brained1606

ram-headed1608

beef-witted1609

insulse1609

leaden-spirited1609

asininec1610

clumse1611

blockheadly1612

wattle-headed1613

flata1616

logger-headeda1616

puppy-headeda1616

shallow-patedc1616

thick-brained1619

half-headed1621

buzzard-blinda1625

beef-brained1628

toom-headed1629

thick-witted1634

woollen-witted1635

squirrel-headed1637

clod-pated1639

lean-souled1639

muddy-headed1642

leaden-witteda1645

as sad as any mallet1645

under-headed1646

fat-headed1647

half-witted1647

insipid1651

insulsate1652

soft-headed1653

thick-skulleda1657

muddish1658

non-intelligent1659

whey-brained1660

sap-headed1665

timber-headed1666

leather-headeda1668

out of (one's) tree1669

boobily1673

thoughtless1673

lourdly1674

logger1675

unintelligenta1676

Bœotic1678

chicken-brained1678

under-witted1683

loggerhead1684

dunderheaded1692

unintelligible1694

buffle-headed1697

crassicc1700

numbskulled1707

crassous1708

doddy-polled1708

haggis-headed1715

niddy-noddy1722

muzzy1723

pudding-headed1726

sumphish1728

pitcher-souleda1739

duncey1743

hebete1743

chuckheaded1756

dumb1756

duncely1757

imbecile1766

mutton-headed1768

chuckle-headed1770

jobbernowl1770

dowfarta1774

boobyish1778

wittol1780

staumrel1787

opaquec1789

stoopid1791

mud-headed1793

borné1795

muzzy-headed1798

nog-headed1800

thick-headed1801

gypit1804

duncish1805

lightweight1809

numbskull1814

tup-headed1816

chuckle-pate1820

unintellectuala1821

dense1822

ninnyish1822

dunch1825

fozy1825

potato-headed1826

beef-headed1828

donkeyish1831

blockheadish1833

pinheaded1837

squirrel-minded1837

pumpkin-headed1838

tomfoolish1838

dundering1840

chicken-headed1842

like a bump on a log1842

ninny-minded1849

numbheadeda1852

nincompoopish1852

suet-brained1852

dolly1853

mullet-headed1853

sodden1853

fiddle-headed1854

numb1854

bovine1855

logy1859

crass1861

unsmart1861

off his chump1864

wooden-headed1865

stupe1866

lean-minded1867

duffing1869

cretinous1871

doddering1871

thick-head1873

doddling1874

stupido1879

boneheaded1883

woolly-headed1883

leaden-natured1889

suet-headed1890

sam-sodden1891

dopey1896

turnip-headed1898

bonehead1903

wool-witted1905

peanut-headed1906

peanut-brained1907

dilly1909

torpid-minded1909

retardate1912

nitwitted1917

meat-headed1918

mug1922

cloth-headed1925

loopy1925

nitwit1928

lame-brained1929

dead from the neck up1930

simpy1932

nail-headed1936

square-headed1936

dingbats1937

pinhead1939

dim-witted1940

pea-brained1942

clueless1943

lobotomized1943

retarded1949

pointy-headed1950

clottish1952

like a stunned mullet1953

silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954

out to lunch1955

pin-brained1958

dozy1959

eejity1964

out of one's tiny mind1965

doofus1967

twitty1967

twittish1969

twatty1975

twattish1976

blur1977

dof1979

goofus1981

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

numpty1992

cockish1996

1826 Times 5 July 3/2 The dull defective member being unable to take the joke, he was called a thick, potato-headed Irishman.

1832 G. C. Lewis Let. 14 Nov. (1870) 22 The potato-headed jury.

1962 B. Moore Answer from Limbo 45 Enormous paintings of potatoheaded creatures on all the walls.

1991 Guardian (Nexis) 21 Jan. A wing collar can draw attention to the hitherto unnoticed cheekbones of even the most potato-headed fellow.

potato hook n. an implement with bent prongs used for digging up potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop

potato digger1795

picker1805

potato graip1844

potato hook1856

potato lifter1858

spinner1923

1856 Trans. Michigan Agric. Soc. 7 53 Six Patridge's..potatoe hooks.

1874 2nd Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1873–4 551 Then with axes, potato hooks, and bog hoes, the turf was all peeled off.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1776/1 Potato-hook, an implement with bent tines, used in digging potatoes.

1952 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 42 115 There are three firms engaged in the manufacture of..scythes, axes, potato hooks, hoes, and numerous related articles.

2001 C. H. Wendel Encycl. Antique Tools & Machinery 85/2 Technically, these two items were classified as Potato Hooks, but sometimes they were called bent forks as well.

potato-ivory n. now rare an ivory substitute made using potatoes.

ΚΠ

1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Aug. 574/2 Potato-ivory..of creamy whiteness..is now made from good potatoes washed in dilute sulphuric acid, then boiled in the same solution until they become solid and dense.

1999 rec.org.sca (Usenet newsgroup) 4 Feb. (heading) Potato ivory & amber.

† potato-jaw n. slang Obsolete rare the mouth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun]

moutheOE

billa1000

munc1400

mussa1529

mouc1540

gan1567

gob1568

bouche1582

oven1593

taster1596

Pipe Office1609

neba1616

gab1681

gam1724

mouthpiece1738

potato-trap1785

potato-jaw1791

fly-trapc1795

trap1796

mouthie1801

mug1820

gin-trap1824

rattletrap1824

box1830

mouf1836

bread trap1838

puss1844

tater-trap1846

gash1852

kissing trap1854

shop1855

north and south1858

mooey1859

kisser1860

gingerbread-trap1864

bazoo1877

bake1893

tattie-trap1894

yap1900

smush1930

gate1937

cakehole1943

motormouth1976

pie hole1983

geggie1985

1791 F. Burney Diary 4 June (1842) V. 209 ‘Hold your potato-jaw, my dear’, cried the Duke [of Clarence], patting her [sc. Mrs. Schwellenberg].

potato latke n. (in Jewish cookery) a pancake made with grated potato.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake

potato cake1747

potato dumpling1765

potato ball1817

potato pancake1856

potato puff1871

potato latke1927

1927 Amer. Mercury Feb. 206 Luscious potato latkes—pancakes made of grated, raw potatoes, [etc.].

1974 Times 15 Oct. 13/8 He really does need a few more of my potato lutkas.

1992 Tucson (Arizona) Weekly 29 Jan. 24/2 Claassen grew up on ethnic foods like noodle pudding, matzo ball soup, potato latkes, and tagelah.

potato leafhopper n. a small, bright green leafhopper, Empoasca fabae, which is a common North American pest of a wide variety of plants including field crops and various trees, feeding chiefly on the vascular tissue of young leaves and causing them to wither.

ΚΠ

1918 Science 23 Aug. 194 A careful study by the writer showed that in every case the injury was directly proportional to the number of potato leafhoppers (Empoasca mali LeB.) present.

1949 G. H. Harold Forage Crops xxxvii. 373 Insect pests such as the potato leaf hopper and the clover weevil do severe damage to the alfalfa and clover crops.

2004 Columbus Dispatch (Ohio) (Nexis) 27 June i. 15 I think you are seeing injury from the potato leafhopper. The adult insect is about an eighth of an inch long, pale green and wedge-shaped.

potato loaf n. a loaf of potato bread.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > other types of loaf

white loafeOE

barley loafc950

French loafc1350

pease loafc1390

penny loaf1418

jannock?a1500

household loaf1565

boon-loaf1679

farmhouse loaf1795

cottage loaf1829

potato loaf1831

sod1836

Coburg1843

sweet roll1851

stale1874

Hovis1890

Sally Lunn1901

bloomer loaf1937

wholemeal1957

baguette1958

1831 Encycl. Brit. IV. 302/2 The same price is taken for a potato loaf.

1962 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 8 Oct. 12 Old-fashioned potato loaves... One medium potato, one cup milk, [etc.].

2004 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Northwestern (Nexis) 26 June b1 There is also Kugela, a potato loaf and Klutski, a raw potato dumpling.

potato masher n. an implement for mashing cooked potatoes, consisting of a perforated flat plate or wire framework (formerly, a solid wooden cylinder) attached to a handle; (also) something that resembles this, spec. (a) Military slang (more fully potato-masher grenade) a type of hand grenade whose shape resembles that of a potato masher; (b) slang a drumstick.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > masher or crusher

potato-beetle1821

potato masher1835

masher1849

potato-smasher1858

sugar-crusher1870

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun] > drumstick

sticka1398

tabor-stick1486

drumstick1589

tapskin1605

drum stave1832

potato masher1835

baguette1876

wire brush1927

brush1955

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > grenade

trombe1562

grenade1591

grenado1611

granata1637

hand grenade1637

bag-granado1638

shell1647

glass-grenade1664

globe1672

flask1769

petrol bomb1903

rifle grenade1909

hairbrush1916

Mills1916

pineapple bomb1916

stick grenade1917

fragmentation bomb1918

pineapple1918

potato-masher grenade1925

spitball1925

Molotov cocktail1940

sticky bomb1940

stick-bomb1941

red devila1944

stun grenade1977

flash-bang1982

1835 Daily Evening News (Jeffersonville, Indiana) 25 Sept. The couple were the recipients of many nice presents, among them the following:..Mrs. Sarah Holloway, potato masher.

1837 Friend (Philadelphia) 7 Feb. 141/2 After being well boiled they were mashed up well with the common potato masher.

1855 Chicago Times 16 Jan. 4/1 Butter moulds and stamps, ladles, rolling pins, potato mashers..at Hollister's Bazaar.

1890 Amer. Anthropologist 3 59 These macanes, or ‘potato-mashers’, as the soldiers used to call them, are well described by their nickname.

1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 439/3 Tinned wire Potato Masher, wood handle.

1918 Arms & Man 5 Oct. 32 While little danger exists at ten feet from one of the German ‘potato mashers’, almost certain death results if the victim is standing about twelve yards from a grenade such as is used by the allied forces.

1925 E. Fraser & J. Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 229 Potato-masher grenade, the name given a species of German hand-grenade, resembling in form a domestic potato-masher.

1943 Far Eastern Surv. 12 87/2 A favorite guerilla weapon is the hand grenade, potato-masher type, manufactured locally.

1945 L. Shelly Hepcats Jive Talk Dict. 31/1 Potato masher, drumstick.

1986 D. A. Dye Platoon (1987) ix. 219 His round eyes were locked on the three ChiCom potato-masher grenades.

1997 BBC Vegetarian Good Food Apr. 53/1 Crush some of the vegetables with a potato masher to thicken the soup.

potato-mill n. now rare a mill for processing potatoes, esp. a mill for grinding potatoes to flour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > grinder

mortareOE

mortle1570

mill1588

metate1625

potato-mill1812

food mill1857

Moulinette1936

Mouli1937

mouli-légumes1959

moulin à legumes1959

moulin1962

1812 J. Sinclair Acct. Syst. Husbandry Scotl. i. 339 It resembles a potatoe-mill.

1878 Proc. Royal Soc. 28 452 Probably the best way of obtaining pure starch from these animals would be by imitating the mechanical process of the potato mill.

2005 Wichita (Kansas) Eagle (Nexis) 26 Aug. b6 Sullivan estimated the building has been vacant for about 20 years. She said she heard it was once a potato mill, built in 1917.

potato moth n. = potato tuber moth n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types > gnorimoschema operculella (potato tuber moth)

potato moth1854

potato tuber moth1892

1854 E. Emmons Agric. N.Y. V. xxi. 219 Sphinx quinquemaculatus... This is the common potato-moth, the larva of which descends into the earth to transform.

1926 R. J. Tillyard Insects Austral. & N.Z. xxviii. 426 The Potato Moth..is an introduced pest of potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco in both countries.

2004 Food & Agric. Rep. (Nexis) 15 Dec. Russian inspectors have returned some consignments of new potatoes infected by potato moths.

potato mould n. = potato blight n.

ΚΠ

1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 465 The potato-mould is the Peronospora infestans Caspary, and were it not for its effects, would be regarded by every one of taste as a beautiful object.

1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-mold, same as potato-rot.

1966 S. Heaney Digging in Sel. Poems (1990) 2 The cold smell of potato mould, the squelch and slap Of soggy peat.

potato-mouth v. rare (transitive) to mutter, speak unintelligibly.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > mutter or mumble

muttera1425

mumblec1450

murmurc1460

blabber?a1513

palter?1548

fumble1555

flummer1563

chaw1570

buzz1583

mumpa1586

demurmurate1641

loll1655

muttera1690

swallowa1791

sough1821

hummera1860

lip1887

mum-mumble1917

potato-mouth1937

rhubarb1958

1937 Daily Express 17 Mar. 6/4 Lewis, square, heavy-browed, stentorian, also potato-mouthed some words, seemed bothered by having to stick to text.

potato-mouthed adj. rare = mealy-mouthed adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective] > mealy-mouthed

meal-mouthed1570

mealy-mouthed1571

mealmouth1575

potato-mouthed1930

1930 J. Dos Passos 42nd Parallel iv. 313 You know what we'd do if we had a man in the White House instead of a yellow-bellied potatomouthed reformer..? We'd..clean this place up.

potato murrain n. now historical = potato blight n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes

potato blight1845

potato disease1845

potato murrain1845

potato rot1845

potato curl1887

late blight1893

black scab1908

wart disease1915

black wart1950

1845 Times 18 Oct. 5/1 Our Crookhaven correspondent..assures us that since he last wrote the potato murrain has made its appearance.

1941 Econ. Hist. Rev. 11 112 It is to the credit of the Board of Agriculture, appointed in 1889, over forty years after the stern lesson of the potato murrain..that it bent its early energies to the promotion of the study of these subjects [sc. fungi].

1999 D. Ingram & N. Robertson Plant Dis. i. 13 There was similar uncertainty about the cause of the potato murrain (now called ‘potato blight’ or in America ‘late blight’).

potato-nose n. a bulbous or swollen nose.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > nose > [noun] > types of nose

snoutc1330

hawk-nose1534

bottlenose1553

saddle nose?c1599

snut-nose1603

tooter1638

bridgea1658

hook-nose1687

button1696

snub nose1724

pug nose1769

Roman1821

Grecian nose1830

snub1830

potato-nose1853

squash nose1882

number six nose1923

1853 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Homes of New World II. 532 Our full-moon countenances, and noses which come directly out of them like a handle, or a projecting point of rock, are not seen here; neither are potato-noses, like my own.

1881 M. E. Braddon Asphodel I. 119 You wouldn't love a man with a potato-nose or a pimply complexion, if he were morally the most perfect creature in the universe.

1979 B. Malamud Dubin's Lives viii. 308 Dubin glimpsed, through a haze of webbed purple capillaries within, a potato nose.

2005 Sunday Times (Nexis) 27 Feb. 21 Look beyond Davis's SAS service and his potato nose (broken five times).

potato oats n. a variety of oat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > oats > the oat plant or variety of the oat

oateOE

purr oats1578

skeg1598

Polish oat1669

Poland oat1683

Poland1692

potato oats1801

swine-oat1819

fatuoid1922

1801 Farmer's Mag. Apr. 230 Another kind of oats has been introduced here, which was brought from Cumberland about two years ago, very much like the small Dutch, and commonly called potatoe oats.

1855 Poultry Chron. 3 19/1 From the circumstance of having been originally found growing among these foreign potatoes, it was called Potato Oats.

1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles xli. 336 Sandy, early Angus, and potato oats were sown..in Shapinsay.

† potato-oil n. Obsolete fusel oil derived from the distillation of potatoes.

ΚΠ

1848 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 138 148 The method he pursued was that used by Dumas with such success for the conversion of alcohol into acetic acid; of potatoe oil into valerianic acid; and for other similar transformations.

1881 Science 15 Jan. 24/2 A. Schmitz claims that these residues contain a poison similar to that present in potato-oil.

1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-oil, same as oil of potatoes.

potato onion n. a variety of onion, Allium cepa var. ( aggregatum), in which new bulbs are produced in a cluster at the base of the plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > onion, leek, or garlic > [noun] > onion > types of onion

hollekec1000

scallion1393

sybow1574

Portugal onion1647

shallot1664

Spanish onion1706

eschalot1707

Welsh onion1731

Reading onion1784

onionet1820

potato onion1822

tripoli1822

ramps1828

escalion1847

stone-leek1861

Egyptian onion1880

cocktail onion1927

Maui onion1967

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > onion, leek, or garlic > onion > other types of onion

hollekec1000

chibol1362

scallion1393

oniona1398

chesbollc1410

oinet?1440

red onionc1450

sybow1574

green onion1577

Strasbourg onion1629

cibol1632

Portugal onion1647

Spanish onion1706

Welsh onion1731

spring onion1758

Reading1784

rareripe1788

yellow onion1816

onionet1820

potato onion1822

tripoli1822

escalion1847

stone-leek1861

Egyptian onion1880

ramp1885

multiplier1907

ramps1939

Vidalia1969

tree onion-

1822 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening iii. i. 715 Underground or potatoe onion; multiplies itself by the formation of young bulbs on the parent root, and produces an ample crop below the surface.

1890 E. Watts Mod. Pract. Gardening i. xiii. 68 The underground, or potato onion,..is so called from its habit of increasing at the bulb.

1955 W. E. Shewell-Cooper Compl. Veg. Grower x. 135 The Potato Onion..is more difficult to get hold of today.

1994 Harrowsmith Feb. 80/1 Potato onions—multiplier onions that mature to a good size early in the season.

potato pancake n. a pancake in which mashed potato is a principal ingredient; (also) = potato latke n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake

potato cake1747

potato dumpling1765

potato ball1817

potato pancake1856

potato puff1871

potato latke1927

1856 Putnam's Monthly Mag. July 75/2 The laborer, who had promised to undertake it [sc. planting the potato patch], had disappointed them, and they were sorrowful with the idea of having no potato-pancakes for the coming year.

1911 E. Ferber Frog & Puddle in Buttered Side Down (1941) 189 And my mother—can she cook! Well, I just don't seem able to get her potato pancakes out of my mind.

1935 L. Zara Blessed is Man i. iii. 103 She made him a heaping plateful of the fried potato pancakes so closely associated with this holiday [sc. Chanukah].

1978 Detroit Free Press 16 Apr. (Detroit Suppl.) 28/2 With that, they bring potato pancakes which are fresh and moist on the inside, with a good crusty exterior.

1995 Arena Dec. 181/3 Try salt beef and latkes (fried potato pancakes), then finish off with a portion of lemony lokshen pudding.

potato patch n. a plot of ground on which potatoes are grown.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [noun] > potato land

potato patch1794

1794 E. Drinker Jrnl. 25 June (1889) 229 John brought in a Mole he found in a potato patch he was laying out.

1863 A. D. T. Whitney Faith Gartney's Girlhood xxii. 207 A hollow, beyond which were the cornfields and potato-patches.

1972 R. Adams Watership Down xxxiv. 263 The cottager..shot him [sc. a rabbit] as he came through the potato-patch at dawn.

2003 R. Ozeki All over Creation ii. 56 He..went out to tend his potato patch one day and found a seed ball!

potato peeling n. (a) (chiefly in plural) strips of the peeled skin of potatoes; (b) the action of peeling potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparing fruit and vegetables > [noun] > peeling potatoes > potato peelings

potato peeling1771

1771 Ann. Reg. 1770 i. Chron. 94/2 She had often been seen to pick up and devour with great eagerness potatoe peelings, and such things, as were thrown out for the dogs.

1875 A. Trollope Way we live Now II. c. 314 If her future husband would consent to live on potatoes, she would be quite satisfied with the potato-peelings.

1896 Daily News 7 Apr. 3/7 Yesterday's exhibition was enlivened by competitions in potato-peeling, boot-blacking, cookery, and recitation.

1933 ‘B. Ross’ Trag. of Z vii. 109 ‘Potato water’..was a vicious fermented brew home-made in secret by thirsty inmates out of potato peelings and other vegetable rinds.

1975 L. Gillen Return to Deepwater x. 178 She impatiently brushed them [sc. tears] away with the back of one hand before resuming her potato-peeling.

2004 New Yorker 29 Mar. 55/2 He falls into the hands of a mean owner who drives him in spite of spavins and expects him to live on potato peelings.

potato pen n. †(a) (originally Nautical) a compartment for storing vegetables so that they remain fresh (obsolete); (b) a tall fenced enclosure filled with soil in which potatoes are grown in multiple layers.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-pen, a wooden compartment or pen on deck, built with a view to thorough ventilation, for keeping potatoes and other vegetables during a voyage.

1895 G. T. Ridlon Saco Valley Settlem. & Families 70 Uncle Eben led his company..down into cellar and showed them his well-filled potato-pens.

1918 N.Y. State Fruit Grower Mar. 3/1 Three years ago he built what he called a ‘potato pen’, which was nothing more or less than a huge potato hill, the sides of which were supported by a loosely constructed enclosure... Within this enclosure..he planted his potatoes in thin layers of dirt and manure.

1936 Progressive Grocer Mar. 116/2 He entered the contest with his improvised potato-pen and won it.

2010 @AskJoanMorris 25 June in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Squirrels decimating our potato pen so we had an early harvest and still got two grocery bags full.

potato pie n. (a) a pie made with potatoes, frequently containing meat, onions, etc.; (b) = potato pit n. (cf. pie n.² 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > meat dishes > [noun] > other meat dishes

langue de boeuf1381

sawgeatc1390

pome-garneza1450

olive1598

potato pie1600

capilotade1611

carbonade1651

beef à la mode1653

Scots collops1657

Scotch collops1664

galantine1702

grenadine1706

scotched collops1708

à la mode beef1723

miroton1725

German duck1785

cottage pie1791

chartreuse1806

timbale1824

sanders1827

rognon1828

rolliche1830

schalet1846

old thing1848

Brunswick stew1855

scrapple1855

moussaka1862

cannelon1875

crépinette1877

shepherd's pie1877

chop suey1888

estouffade1889

noisette1891

chaudfroid1892

patty1904

boeuf bourguignon1915

sukiyaki1920

bœuf stroganoff1932

bœuf1936

flauta1938

rumaki1941

rendang1948

pastitsio1950

keema1955

bulgogi1958

moo shu1962

Melba1964

shabu-shabu1970

carpaccio1974

al pastor1977

gosht1982

parmo1999

parmesan2003

beef stroganof-

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pie > [noun] > vegetable pie

potato pie1600

parsnip piea1627

parsley pie1830

(Lord) Woolton pie1941

spanakopita1944

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > store for roots

root house1790

potato pie1807

yam house1910

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > pitting or clamping > pit or clamp

pitc1500

hog1729

potato pie1807

silo1835

potato pit1844

clamp1881

1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor ii. i. sig. F^v Feeding on Larkes, Sparrows, Potato pyes, and such good vnctuous meats.

1609 T. Dekker Guls Horne-bk. sig. B4 Potato-pies and Custards, stood like the sinfull suburbs of Cookery.

1647 H. More To Young Authour in J. Hall Poems sig. A4 Then hast thy finger in Potato pies.

1728 E. Smith Compl. Housewife (ed. 2) sig. a7^v (heading) A Bill of Fare..For June... Second Course... Potato-Pye.

1807 Compl. Farmer II. (at cited word) But the best way of storing the roots is..in what are called potatoe-pies.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Potatoe-pie, a small hillock of potatoes covered with straw, sods, and earth, to protect them from frost during the winter season.

1842 Ainsworth's Mag. 1 2 A large remnant of a potato-pie in a brown earthenware dish.

1880 S. Baring-Gould Mehalah I. xi. 211 She found the parson in his garden..making a potatoe pie for the winter.

1926 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 34 779 The consumption of potato pies seasoned with beef or mutton.

1965 in P. Jennings Living Village (1968) 61 Weather permitting, potato pies are opened and the potatoes sold to the merchants.

1997 Esquire Nov. 140/2 Herb-marinated lamb chops with a Gorgonzola-drenched potato pie.

potato pit n. a shallow pit, usually covered with a mound of straw and earth, in which potatoes are stored in winter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > pitting or clamping > pit or clamp

pitc1500

hog1729

potato pie1807

silo1835

potato pit1844

clamp1881

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1129 Fig. 544 shews the 2 different forms of ordinary potato-pits, the one being conical, the other prismatic in shape.

1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 24 A line of women and girls..have just brought away from the potato pits their heavily-laden kits.

1926 Sci. Monthly Dec. 501/2 Allow water to find its way into the potato pit, and the potatoes are drowned, as man would be.

1992 J. MacKenna Fallen 136 Other times I'd check the potato pits or heel in cabbage plants.

potato print n. and adj. (a) n.a print made on paper, fabric, etc., using a halved potato with the cut edge carved to form a shape in outline or relief and coated in paint or ink; a picture or design made from such prints; (b) adj. decorated or made with potato prints.

ΚΠ

1932 Port Arthur (Texas) News 31 Jan. 11/1 We made potato prints for place cards.

1955 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 15 June 14/5 Services done included making potato print tray mats for the nursing home.

1998 Teach Mag. (Nexis) June Use potatoes to make potato prints—on paper, a mural, t-shirts, and windows.

2004 Gifts & Decorative Accessories (Nexis) Oct. 84 All the other third-graders were busily creating ordinary potato print paintings.

potato printing n. the action of making a potato print design.

ΚΠ

1939 Ironwood (Mich.) Daily Globe 25 Nov. 6/1 Girl Scouts..are working on soap carving and potato printing to be used in the creation of their Christmas presents.

2004 Independent (Nexis) 25 Sept. There are all sorts of arts-and-crafts activities for children, including potato-printing.

potato puff n. a light potato fritter; (also) a potato crisp in the form of a puff (puff n. 2a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake

potato cake1747

potato dumpling1765

potato ball1817

potato pancake1856

potato puff1871

potato latke1927

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps

Saratoga chips1869

chip1871

potato chip1893

potato straw1895

potato crisp1921

crisp1929

twiglet1932

potato stick1937

nacho1948

potato puff1972

kettle chips1980

1871 ‘M. Harland’ Common Sense in Househ. 213 Potato Puff. Take two cupfuls of cold mashed potato, and stir into it two tablespoonfuls of melted butter, beating to a white cream before adding anything else.

1883 Girl's Own Paper 14 July 654/1 Potato puffs .—Chop..some cold meat or fish. Mash some potatoes and make them into a paste with an egg... Fold... Fry.

1937 Amer. Home Apr. 53/3 (advt.) You'll use this dish every day. For baking and serving apples, stuffed tomatoes, potato puffs, chicken croquettes—dozens of foods.

1972 VAT: Scope & Coverage (H.M. Customs & Excise) 22 Any of the following when packaged for human consumption without further preparation, namely,..potato sticks, potato puffs and similar products made from the potato.

1990 Gourmet Nov. 178/3 Sliced rib roast with golden brown shallots and balloonlike potato puffs followed.

potato race n. a race or competitive game decided by the skill and speed with which potatoes are picked up, passed on, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > racing on foot > [noun] > other foot races

smock-race1707

broose1786

smock-racing1790

sack running1801

torch-race1812

torch-course1839

sack race1859

potato race1865

obstacle race1869

three-legged race1876

mud run1888

egg-and-spoon race1894

cross-country1905

obstacle course1942

runathon1943

pancake race1951

fun run1960

fun running1966

1865 Dundee Courier & Argus 5 Aug. The various races—viz., Potato Race, Boys Race, Sack Race, and (Blind) Bell Race.

1882 G. B. Bartlett New Games for Parlor & Lawn 212 The Potato Race... This amusing out-of-door game requires a swift runner, with his feet well under control.

1978 ‘F. Parrish’ Sting of Honeybee i. 8 The potato race starts in three minutes. All entries to the collecting ring.

2004 Tampa Tribune (Nexis) 21 Oct. 2 Test your sporting skill with bowling, putt-putt golf,..a music circle game, potato races, lasso and a bean bag throw.

potato rot n. = potato blight n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes

potato blight1845

potato disease1845

potato murrain1845

potato rot1845

potato curl1887

late blight1893

black scab1908

wart disease1915

black wart1950

1845 Times 13 Oct. 7/4 Such is the alarm felt with respect to the potato rot..that many people will not even feed their cattle or pigs on the infected tubers.

1885 Times (Weekly ed.) 11 Sept. 9/1 The ‘potato-rot’ made a clean sweep of their little patches.

1926 Social Forces 5 34/2 In 1847, when one-half of the Irish subsisted on potatoes, came the potato rot and population fell off a fifth in five years.

1995 Compar. Stud. Society & Hist. 37 405 Thomas Pooley..held that potato rot could be cured by burning bibles and dispersing their ashes over fields.

potato salad n. a salad consisting of pieces of (usually) cold cooked potato mixed with mayonnaise or salad dressing and other ingredients.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > salad

saladc1390

round salad1578

acetar1623

acetary1657

green salad1675

sass1775

potato salad1796

Russian salad1846

egg salad1873

sunomono1900

salade niçoise1907

Spanish salad1911

Waldorf salad1911

gado-gado1924

Spanish sauce1928

panzanella1937

side salad1940

Caesar salad1946

Cobb salad1947

wedge salad1949

chaat1954

fattoush1955

tabbouleh1955

pico de gallo1958

Caesar1978

caprese1978

1796 Count Rumford Ess., Polit., Econ, & Philos. I. vii. 289 Potatoe Salad. A dish of high repute in some parts of Germany.

1842 W. Howitt Rural & Domest. Life Germany 232 This consists very much of cold sliced meat, sausages, potato-sallad and such like.

1851 G. A. Sala in Househ. Words 1 Nov. 130/1 Shops, where you can get sauerkraut and potato salad.

1861 I. M. Beeton Bk. Househ. Managem. xxv. 593 Potato Salad... Cut the potatoes into slices about ½ inch in thickness; put these into a salad-bowl with oil and vinegar [etc.].

1952 B. Malamud Natural 184 Turkey, potato salad, cheese, and pickles.

1978 J. Symons Blackheath Poisonings i. 39 There was a tongue..a potato salad, a Russian salad and a green salad.

2004 Living Spirit Dec. 146 For mouth-watering potato salad..., dress potatoes when they are hot and then refrigerate them as they will absorb more dressing this way.

potato scab n. any of various actinomycete bacteria which produce brown patches, pits, or swellings on the surface of potatoes; esp. (more fully common potato scab) Streptomyces scabies; (also) the disease caused by any of these fungi.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > caused by insects > associated with crop or food plants > scab

scab1742

potato scab1882

corky scab1911

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) at Potato Potato scab, a fungous plant, the Tuburcinia scabies, found beneath the skin of the tuber of the potato, producing superficial cavities and pits.

1905 E. M. Freeman Minnesota Plant Dis. 326 It is now generally accepted the common form of potato scab in America is due to a parasitic fungus, while the European scab has a very different cause.

1953 F. T. Brooks Plant Dis. (ed. 2) v. 73 In Britain it is customary to refer all types of Common Potato Scab to the single species A[ctinomyces] scabies.

2000 Independent on Sunday 30 Jan. (Review Suppl.) 39/1 The potato is vulnerable to a plague of diseases: eelworm, potato scab, blackleg, [etc.].

potato scone n. a scone made with (usually cooked and mashed or sieved) potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > griddle cake > scone

scone1513

supple scone1786

barley-scone1820

brunie1821

potato scone1885

1885 A. Edwardes Girton Girl I. vi. 136 Boiled mullet, hot potato scones, with other indigenous Guernsey dishes.

1931 D. L. Sayers Five Red Herrings Foreword We shall come back next summer to eat some more potato scones.

1989 Independent 3 June 34/1 The boiled potato squeezed out of the little holes could have the texture of flour and be suitable for making Scottish-style potato scones.

potato-scoop n. (a) a tool for cutting pieces of potatoes with ‘eyes’, suitable for planting; (b) a shovel for lifting potatoes, grated to allow loose earth to fall through.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > other agricultural implements

visgy1777

tomahawk1793

potato-scoop1810

rice stick1832

seed feeder1851

poniard1874

aphicide1883

thinner1943

mist blower1946

dung fork1951

wind-machine1976

1810 in R. A. Salaman Dict. Woodworking Tools & Allied Trades (1989) 256/2 Potato, and Turnip Scopes.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1776/2 Potato-scoop, a grated shovel which allows the soil to sift through while detaining the potatoes.

1936 Man 36 66/1 Within the last few years the demand for a peculiar, circular potato-scoop in the Wisbech district has ceased.

2000 Tampa Tribune (Nexis) 2 Dec. 2 He explains..what to do with a husking hook, suction stomper, glass churn, king drag, endgate seeder, heated soapstone, potato scoop or corn sheller.

potato set n. a potato or part of a potato used as seed; = set n.¹ 23b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > part of

potato set1767

rose1825

1767 A. Young Farmer's Lett. 12 Dropping potatoe setts.

1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 28 July in Tour N. Wales (1797) 49 The potatoe sets are laid by line on the surface of the bog,..and the intervals beneath the rows are trenched, and the earth dug out of them laid upon the potatoes.

1849 Cultivator New Ser. 6 125 On the 16th. April..dropped potatoe sets in the drills, about nine inches apart.

1922 New Phytologist 21 254 The potato sets are very subject to disease when planted.

1979 Guardian 11 Aug. 13/7 What comes up from a potatoe set is..a clump of potato plants.

2005 Evening Times (Glasgow) (Nexis) 12 Feb. 5 Check potato sets for any signs of rotting.

potato shop n. now chiefly historical a shop where (esp. cooked) potatoes are sold.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shop selling provisions > prepared food to take away > chips or fish and chips

potato shop1792

fried-fish warehouse1838

chip shop1892

fried-fish shop1898

chippy1961

chipper1970

1792 Trials at Large of Capital & other Convicts (Sessions London & Middlesex) No. 6. ii. 331/2 I saw a man take the coat off the place, and go into the potatoe shop.

1834 L. Hunt London Jrnl. 3 Dec. in Ess. & Sketches 345 Blacksmiths' shops look pleasant, and potato shops detestable.

1982 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 95 257 On October 15, 1937, five workers were digging out the area over the cellar vaulting in a potato shop in the Old Town...in Stockholm.

2003 Observer (Nexis) 19 Jan. (Food Monthly Suppl.) 65 [In 1860] Joseph Malin opened the first business in London's East End selling fried fish alongside chipped potatoes which, until then, had been found only in the Irish potato shop.

potato-sick adj. (of land) exhausted by successive crops of potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [adjective] > exhausted

worn1681

sickly1697

potato-sick1834

harvestless1868

scourged1880

turnip-sick1880

soil-sick1962

desertified1980

1834 Liverpool Mercury 21 Mar. 95/5 If I state that the soil is potato sick..there is a chance that this paper will be read through.

1882 Garden 11 Mar. 164/3 The chances are it [sc. the ground] is Potatoe-sick.

1913 Science 22 Aug. 258/2 My experience with, observation on, and experiments upon potato-sick soil, flax-sick soil, wheat-sick and oat-sick soils.

1958 H. G. Sanders Outl. Brit. Crop Husbandry (ed. 3) 6 The eelworm slowly dies out and after 12 or 15 years the land is no longer ‘potato sick’ so that it can be brought back to production again.

potato skin n. (a) the outer skin of a potato, potato peel (in early use also as the type of something worthless); (b) (in plural) any of various dishes consisting of pieces of cooked potato skin with most of the flesh removed, esp. when deep-fried and filled or served with dips.

ΚΠ

1799 D. Tracy Let. to Mr. Denis Feagan 7 Never considering or caring to the value of a potatoe skin how it might touch the like of us.

1817 M. Edgeworth Ormond in Harrington & Ormond II. xii. 251 I should not like it—not that I mind what people say a potato skin.

1894 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ Real Charlotte III. xxxiv. 1 The sweeping of out-lying potato-skins and cinders into a chasm beneath the..hearth.

1968 Daily Times-News (Burlington, N. Carolina) 5 Jan. 10/3 The menus include..broiled lobster tail and crisp potato skins.

1992 P. McCabe Butcher Boy (1993) 125 Every day I'd collect my brock cart..and off I'd go round the houses and hotels gathering scraps of potato skins and rotten food.

2003 Metro 14 Oct. (London ed.) 22/2 Food: Mini-burgers, potato skins, fish and chips and dim sum.

potato spirit n. alcohol distilled from fermented potatoes; also called potato brandy or potato whisky.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > other distilled liquor > [noun] > others

koumiss1598

nugs of balm1609

rakia1613

pariah-arrack1671

stalagma1684

fenouillette1706

aguardiente1752

fennel water1757

rakia1778

mahua1810

mahua-arrack1813

kirschwasser1819

mescal1826

still-spirit1832

mobbie1833

zibib1836

potato spirit1839

mowra1846

tequila1849

Jersey lightning1852

petit baume1858

kirsch1869

mastic1876

Hoochinoo1877

mastic brandy1883

mastika1889

hooch1897

ouzo1897

milk-whisky1906

mahua spirit1920

shochu1938

mirabelle1940

tsipouro1947

mahua liquor1961

Mao-tai1962

changaa1975

reposado1982

1839 Times 28 June 7/6 I have to express my regret that you should have thought it necessary to detract from the high estimation of the ‘Veritable Cognac’, by asserting that it is mixed with corn and potato spirit.

1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 12/2 Potato-spirit is made chiefly in Germany.

1943 Econ. Jrnl. 53 377 As a result of the higher price of potatoes, all potato spirits are increased by 30%.

1993 Afr. Stud. Rev. 36 32 Schnaps, in the context of German Kamerun, referred typically to East Elben potato spirits which were more or less purified raw spirits that were mixed with water and the cheapest possible additives.

potato-spraying n. the spraying of potato plants with pesticide, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of specific crops > [noun] > vegetables or pot-herbs > sprouting of potatoes > potato-spraying

potato-spraying1896

1896 Times 10 Feb. 11/2 The Royal Dublin Society offer a prize of £25 for the best hand potato spraying machine.

1902 Daily Chron. 15 Apr. 8/4 The experiments in potato-spraying were continued..with satisfactory results.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 413/1 In 1894..the awards were for..oil engines, potato-spraying and tree-spraying machines [etc.].

1966 Jrnl. Appl. Ecol. 3 10 For potato spraying, copper sprays will probably be replaced to a large extent by dithiocarbamates of zinc and manganese.

2001 Toronto Star (Nexis) 6 Sept. a7 (heading) Study links contamination to potato spraying.

potato stalk borer n. the American weevil Trichobaris trinotata, the larvae of which bore within the stalks of potato plants, causing wilting.

ΚΠ

1895 J. B. Smith Cut-worms New Jersey Agric. Coll. Exper. Station Bull. No. 109 1 The potato stalk-borer is probably widely distributed, but has not been generally noticed.

1928 C. L. Metcalf et al. Destructive & Useful Insects xvi. 480 Potato stalk borer... Trichobaris trinotata.

1986 Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. 79 1548 Biological studies of the potato stalk borer (PSB), Trichobaris trinotata (Say), were conducted in central Texas.

potato stalk weevil n. U.S. (now rare) = potato stalk borer n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Curculionidae or genus Curculio > baridius trinotatus (potato-stalk weevil)

potato stalk weevil1868

1852 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. (ed. 2) 71 Among the many insects that have been charged with being the cause of the wide-spread pestilence [in Pennsylvania], commonly called potato-rot, there is a kind of weevil that lives in the stalk of the potato.]

1868 Amer. Entomologist Oct. 22/2 The Potato-Stalk Weevil (Baridius trinotatus, Say)... This insect is more peculiarly a southern species.

1887 Nicholson's Dict. Gard. III. 209/1 Still another American beetle that injures Potato crops is the Potato-stalk Weevil (Baridius trinotatus).

1902 F. H. Chittenden Some Insects Injurious to Veg. Crops U.S. Dept. Agric. Div. Entomol. Bull. No. 33 11 The potato stalk weevil is also known as the potato stalk borer.

1923 F. H. Chittenden & W. A. Orton Increasing Potato Crop by Spraying (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. 1349) 1 Some of those [insects] which feed in the stalks and tubers, viz, the potato stalk-weevil, the common stalk-borer, [etc.], also are very injurious in certain areas.

1949 Proc. Pennsylvania Acad. Sci. 23 121 It has been shown that about 33% of the ground cherry plants are infested with the potato stalk weevil.

1962 R. Wyniger Pests in Warm Climates §689. 362 (caption) Potato stalk weevil.

potato stick n. a thin stick of potato fried until crisp; a small crisp potato chip.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps

Saratoga chips1869

chip1871

potato chip1893

potato straw1895

potato crisp1921

crisp1929

twiglet1932

potato stick1937

nacho1948

potato puff1972

kettle chips1980

1937 N.Y. Herald Tribune 20 May 22/6 Potato sticks—French fried potatoes, shoestring style, are on the market in cans, crisp and golden.

1986 Jrnl. (Fairfax County, Va.) 23 May a6 Wednesday—Hamburger on roll, potato sticks, pineapple, milk.

2001 N.Y. Mag. 20 Aug. 71/1 The new line of Terra Frites..is a crunchy cross between French fries and those Durkee's potato-sticks-in-a-can.

potato stone n. Geology (now rare) = geode n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > concretionary or nodular > geode

geode1623

geodite1802

potato stone1824

thunder egg1951

1824 W. Buckland & W. D. Conybeare in Trans. Geol. Soc. 1 292 These geodes are called..Potatoe stones.

1895 J. W. Anderson Prospector's Handbk. (ed. 6) 97 Heliotrope.., firestone and quartz cat's eye, potato-stone, &c.

1984 Observer 4 Mar. (Mag.) 70/1 A potato stone, so called because it looks like a potato, split in half to display its amethyst interior.

potato straw n. a very thin stick of potato fried until crisp; usually in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps

Saratoga chips1869

chip1871

potato chip1893

potato straw1895

potato crisp1921

crisp1929

twiglet1932

potato stick1937

nacho1948

potato puff1972

kettle chips1980

1895 ‘M. Ronald’ Cent. Cook Bk. i. facing p. 82 (caption) Fluted knife for cutting potato straws.

1906 Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) xxx. 861 Potato Straws... Slice the potatoes thinly, cut them into strips about 1½ inches long... Fry the straws..until crisp.

1998 P. Chapman 1999 Good Curry Guide 110 [Indian] regional main-course dishes, such as Parsee Jardaloo Sali Boti, lamb cooked with apricot, and garnished with potato straws.

potato top n. that part of a potato plant which grows above the ground; chiefly in plural.

ΚΠ

1754 J. Lodge Peerage of Ireland II. 251 The Besieged for a long Time fed upon Horses, Dogs, Cats, Bean-leaves, Potato-tops and Cow-hides.

1852 E. F. Ellet Pioneer Women of West 369 Her family had lived on potato tops..till something better could be raised.

1943 Sci. Monthly Sept. 236/2 Silage is..made from potato-tops, sugar-beet-tops and grasses from lawns.

1999 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 12 June 24 While it [sc. blight] sometimes finishes off the potato tops earlier than I like, tubers are rarely affected.

potato-trap n. slang (now rare) the mouth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun]

moutheOE

billa1000

munc1400

mussa1529

mouc1540

gan1567

gob1568

bouche1582

oven1593

taster1596

Pipe Office1609

neba1616

gab1681

gam1724

mouthpiece1738

potato-trap1785

potato-jaw1791

fly-trapc1795

trap1796

mouthie1801

mug1820

gin-trap1824

rattletrap1824

box1830

mouf1836

bread trap1838

puss1844

tater-trap1846

gash1852

kissing trap1854

shop1855

north and south1858

mooey1859

kisser1860

gingerbread-trap1864

bazoo1877

bake1893

tattie-trap1894

yap1900

smush1930

gate1937

cakehole1943

motormouth1976

pie hole1983

geggie1985

1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (at cited word) Shut your potatoe trap.

1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 18/2 Clap a stopper on that vile potato-trap o' yours.

1860 W. M. Thackeray in Cornhill Mag. June 755 And now Tom..delivered a rattling clinker upon the Benicia Boy's potato-trap.

1953 J. M. Brewer Word on Brazos 33 He jes keep his potato trap shet an' don' say a mumblin' word when Sistuh Carrie talk to 'im 'bout chu'ch.

2003 Irish News (Nexis) 23 June 8 You must be all behind like a cow's tail.., so I'll shut my potato trap (mouth) and go for some gillaroo.

potato tree n. an ornamental climbing shrub, Solanum crispum (family Solanaceae), which has blue flowers and is native to Chile.

ΚΠ

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 111/2 Potato-tree, Solanum crispum.

1900 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden (ed. 8) 818/1 The Potato tree (S. crispum), a native of Chili, is the only ornamental Solanum hardy enough for the open air.

1993 Guardian 19 May 19/2 I can watch..a blackbird busy building [a nest] between the Potato Tree..now in full bloom & a corner of the bungalow.

potato tuber moth n. a small grey-brown moth, Phthorimaea operculella (family Gelechiidae), native to tropical America but now a cosmopolitan pest, whose larvae attack potato tubers and other crop plants of the family Solanaceae.

ΘΚΠ

potato moth1854

potato tuber moth1892

1892 Insect Life 4 239 (heading) The Potato-Tuber Moth.

1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Sept. 221/3 The district is not suited to the growing of late potatoes because from January onward the potato tuber moth is very active.

1991 Amer. Horticulturist Sept. 24/1 The ‘hairy potato’..is resistant to all major potato pests including the potato tuber moth, the Colorado potato beetle, [etc.].

potato tuberworm n. U.S. the larva of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella.

ΘΚΠ

potato worm1842

potato tuberworm1894

1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 87 Dr. C. V. Riley's report..discusses the importation of two dangerous insects—the potato tuber worm (Lita solanella Boisd.) and the Olive Pollinia.

1939 C. L. Metcalf & W. P. Flint Destructive & Useful Insects (ed. 2) xvi. 516 Potato tuberworm..is very destructive to potatoes in warm dry regions.

1994 Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. 87 923 In tomato fields adjacent to potato fields, extensive damage is caused by the potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella.

potato vine n. (a) a potato plant, Solanum tuberosum; (b) any of several South or Central American climbing plants of the genus Solanum, esp. S. jasminoides and S. wendlandii, bearing blue or white flowers; (c) any of various South or Central American climbing plants of the genus Ipomoea, esp. (more fully sweet potato vine) that of the sweet potato, I. batatas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > American or West Indian

water withy1559

West Indian China-root1577

savannah flower1696

water withe1696

Spanish woodbine1731

potato vine1750

Indian grass1753

seven-year vine1756

tropaeolum1759

woodbine1760

water vine1774

canariensis1835

Philodendron1840

Monstera1858

twig-climber1900

money bush1924

potato creeper1925

sweetheart plant1963

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant

potato1597

skirret of Peru1597

Irish potato1664

white potato1723

Virginian potato1731

potato plant1744

potato vine1750

lady's finger1827

peach-blow1861

Chilean potato1870

1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados iii. 85 The Potato-Vines, upon whose Roots the poor People chiefly subsist.

1774 P. V. Fithian Jrnl. 19 Sept. in Jrnl. & Lett. (1900) 257 I took a Walk thro' the Pumpkin & Potatoe Vines.

1870 Amer. Naturalist 3 92 The early frosts..nearly killed the potato vines.

c1923 J. J. Taubenhaus Culture & Dis. Sweet Potato ix. 155 When an infected sweet potato vine is split lengthwise, the inside too will be brown to dark.

1971 B. Clark in E. L. Wardman Bermuda Jubilee Garden i. 6 There is a very wide selection to be made from..potato-vines (Solanum seaforthianum and S. wendlandii), and chalice-vines.

1977 P. Moyes To kill Coconut xv. 207 Henry was eating breakfast under an arbour of potato-vines and goat's foot.

1997 Jrnl. Japanese Stud. 23 118 He wanders through the jungle for several days and is on the verge of collapse when he is saved by the chance discovery of an abandoned plantation and its potato vines.

potato wart n. (also potato wart disease) a soil-borne disease of potatoes caused by the fungus Synchytrium endobioticum, resulting in wrinkled, darkening warts on stolons, tubers, and the underground part of the stem; = wart disease n. at wart n. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1910 Science 6 May 699 The American Phytopathological Society views with alarm the recent introduction into America of two dangerous European plant diseases: the potato wart, caused by Chrysophlyotis endobiotica Schilb., and the blister rust of white pine.

1950 L. E. Hawker Physiol. Fungi vii. 214 Certain spores will remain dormant in the soil for very long periods, e.g. resting spores of Synchytrium endobioticum (potato wart disease) and Plasmodiophora brassicae (club root).

2001 National Post (Canada) 22 May a6/6 Washington closed the border last October over fears of the highly contagious potato wart.

potato weevil n. U.S. rare = potato stalk borer n.

ΚΠ

1862 C. L. Flint Harris's Treat. Insects (ed. 3) (heading) 81 The potato-weevil.

1934 Science 23 Feb. 181/2 Projects under the [U.S.] Department of Agriculture which must be stopped include cattle tick eradication..[and] potato weevil eradication.

potato whisky n. alcohol distilled from potatoes; potato spirit.

ΚΠ

1817 Yankee Traveller ix. 75 Wrangle..drove a lucrative trade in the sale of potatoe whisky, and adulterated New-England rum.

1906 W. Churchill Coniston vii. 77 Jonah sold good rum, but now you can't get nothin' in Coniston but hard cider and potato whiskey.

2001 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 2 Sept. a3 The pioneering team of British surveyors..were too stewed in potato whisky to see straight.

potato-woman n. a woman employed in gathering potatoes in the field, or in selling potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > sellers of other specific things

soaper?c1225

oilman1275

smear-monger1297

upholder1333

basket-seller?1518

broom-seller?1518

upholster1554

rod-woman1602

starchwoman1604

pin manc1680

colour seller1685

potato-woman1697

printseller1700

rag-seller1700

Greenwich barber1785

sandboy1821

iceman1834

umbrella man1851

fly-boy1861

snuff-boxera1871

pedlar1872

snake-boy1873

bric-a-brac man1876

tinwoman1884

resurrectionist1888

butch1891

paanwallah1955

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > picker or gatherer

gathererc1384

picker1611

puller1653

potato-woman1697

food-gatherer1865

ingatherer1878

1697 T. D'Urfey Intrigues at Versailles iv. i 41 Gadzooks I like her better than my former Punck the Potato-woman, a thousand times.

1770 in B. Franklin Life (1874) 56 We hear that the lady chamberlain of the household went to market this morning,..and had no dispute with the potato woman.

1844 F. O. Ward in Hood's Mag. Oct. 402 When she had disappeared in the crowd I inquired her history of an old potato-woman.

1899 W. C. Morrow Bohemian Paris 30 The fruit- and potato-women came after, and then the chair-menders.

1961 V. W. Von Hagen Incas 75 The potato woman gave the buyer two small potatoes in addition. This was the yapa; after a trade or sale, the seller gave something extra.

2010 Y. S. Lee Body at Tower 188 Cheapest of all were the street vendors, like Mary's potato woman, with her tumbledown stall and hoarse cry of ‘'Ot-pitaaaaaaytoes, nice 'n' 'ot!’

potato worm n. U.S. a hornworm (hawkmoth) that feeds on potato plants; esp. the tomato hornworm, Manduca quinquemaculata; the large green larva of these moths.

ΘΚΠ

potato worm1842

potato tuberworm1894

1842 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. 226 Every farmer's boy knows the potato-worm.

1922 Manitoba Free Press 21 Jan. ii. 2 ‘You know what the potato worm looks like, don't you?’ asked their uncle—‘Sure,’ said Donnie, ‘It's green with white stripes and it's just 'normous’.

2005 Star Gaz. (Elmira, N.Y.) (Nexis) 21 June d1 I still remember finding my first potato worm.

Derivatives

poˈtatoey adj. of the nature of, reminiscent of, or resembling a potato or potatoes; containing or tasting of potatoes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [adjective] > potato

potatoey1850

1850 F. M. Berry in J. S. Hart Female Prose Writers Amer. (1866) 506 If it [sc. a potato pudding] don't bake quite enough, it's sure to taste potatoey—and that spiles it, you know.

1865 Reader 29 July 119/2 As potatoey as the peach over the way.

1917 W. Owen Let. 22 Aug. (1967) 487 Quite potatoey after the meaty Morals.

1994 Observer Rev. 9 Jan. 15/4 The ash favours the Yorkshire dales, sheltering the black potatoey fungus Daldrinia concentrica known as ‘cramp balls’.

poˈtatoless adj. without potatoes.

ΚΠ

1807 ‘P. Plymley’ Three More Lett. on Catholics iv. 30 Do you think that satisfaction and disaffection do not travel down from Lord Fingal to the most potatoeless Catholic in Ireland?

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xvii. 397 Eating our potato-less breakfast.

1931 Amer. Hist Rev. 36 548 The manifold social and economic ailments occasioned by a potatoless Ireland.

1976 Times 10 Mar. (Channel Island Suppl.) 111/1 April could be a potato-less month for Jersey.

2004 Times (Nexis) 17 Aug. 12 I can't see too many of us living a potatoless existence for too long.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	potato
释义	potaton. Brit. /pəˈteɪtəʊ/, U.S. /pəˈteɪdoʊ/ Inflections: Plural potatoes, (nonstandard) potatos. Forms: α. 1500s potaton, 1500s–1600s potade, 1500s–1600s potatus (perhaps plural), 1500s–1700s patata, 1500s– potato, 1500s– potatoe (now nonstandard), 1600s partato, 1600s patatto, 1600s potado, 1600s potata, 1600s pottatie, 1600s pottato, 1600s puttato, 1700s pottatoe, 1700s putatou, 1700s– pertater (regional and nonstandard), 1800s– potater (regional and nonstandard); English regional 1800s poltatie (Cornwall), 1800s pottato, 1800s pottytus (plural, Lancashire), 1800s– pertaayter, 1800s– pertatie, 1800s– poltate (Cornwall), 1800s– potate, 1800s– potaty, 1800s– potito (Lancashire), 1800s– puttate; U.S. regional 1800s petator, 1800s petatur, 1900s– patata, 1900s– pateta, 1900s– patetta, 1900s– pertetter, 1900s– puhtettuh (chiefly in African-American usage); also Scottish pre-1700 patatie, pre-1700 pitato, 1800s partatow, 1800s patatee, 1800s patawtie, 1800s petawta, 1800s petawti, 1800s petetou, 1800s pewtatie, 1800s pitata, 1800s pitatie, 1800s pitattie, 1800s pitaty, 1800s pitawta, 1800s pittattie, 1800s pittayatee, 1800s potaaty, 1800s potatae, 1800s potaty, 1800s potauto, 1800s potawto, 1800s potawtoe, 1800s purtatoe, 1900s– patattie, 1900s– petaty, 1900s– pirtawtie; also Irish English 1800s pitatey, 1800s pitaty, 1900s– pitatie; also Caribbean 1700s–1800s patata. β. 1800s bidaade (Irish English (Wexford)); U.S. regional 1900s– batado, 1900s– batayda; Scottish 1800s bitatoe. See also pratie n., tater n., tatie n., and tattie n. Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: Spanish patata, batata. Etymology: < Spanish patata (a1526 in sense 1), variant of batata batata n. Compare French patate (1601–3 in sense 1; 1582 in Middle French as pattates (plural); now also in sense 2 in Canada (from 1765 or earlier) and in regional and colloquial use in France), Italian patata (1525).The plant in sense 1 was introduced to Spain by Columbus in 1492, and was cultivated there and in other warmer parts of Europe thereafter (later being introduced to the Far East and Africa). To the English herbalist Gerard, in 1597, it was known as ‘Potatoes’ or ‘the common Potatoes’. Subsequently the name ‘potato’ was also used, with distinguishing words, for other edible tubers, especially those of American origin. The most important of these (sense 2) was first encountered by Spanish explorers in the Andes in the 1530s, and is referred to as papa ( < Quechua papa ) in mid 16th-cent. sources, e.g. by Francisco Pizarro in 1540 and in G. Fernández de Oviedo Historia general y natural de las Indias (1535–57). (In this sense papa remains the standard name in the Spanish-speaking world with the exception of mainland Spain, where patata has been found in this sense from the beginning of the 19th cent. or earlier.) The plant was introduced to Spain c1570 (perhaps to the Canary Islands slightly earlier), and thence to Italy and the Low Countries. It may have been introduced to England independently of the continental stock c1590, and is first mentioned by Gerard as ‘Virginia Potatoes’ (see quot. 1597 at sense 2a), a misunderstanding of its source that persisted for a long time among English writers. The application of the word potato to this plant apparently first occurred in English. The date and circumstances of the plant's introduction into Ireland are uncertain. (Traditions attributing the introduction of the potato in either England or Ireland to Sir Walter Ralegh are late and unlikely to have any foundation in fact, although for a possible connection of Ralegh at least indirectly with the introduction of the potato in Ireland see summary in Oxf. Dict. National Biogr. (2004) s.v. Ralegh, Sir Walter.) This plant slowly became more widely cultivated in Britain and the rest of temperate Europe, and as it became a more important food source, it came to be the usual referent of the word ‘potato’, while the original plant became distinguished as ‘the sweet potato’. In 17th-cent. instances of the word it is often difficult or impossible to determine which plant is meant. 1. a. The edible, usually oval tuberous root of the plant Ipomoea batatas (see sense 1b), with sweetish, orange or whitish flesh; later usually called sweet potato. Also as a mass noun: the flesh of this vegetable prepared for eating. Cf. batata n., yam n.¹ 2(c).In the 16th–17th centuries thought to have aphrodisiac qualities. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun] > aphrodisiac > specific cantharides?1541 potato1565 hippomane1580 potato finger1609 hippomane1756 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > sweet potato potato1565 batata1577 potato root1583 Spanish potato1599 red batata1696 Virginia potato1715 sweet potato1750 yam1753 kumara1773 boniato1800 camote1842 Carolina potato1848 Carolina1884 mickey1936 kau kau1937 1565 Hawkins Voy. Florida (1878) 27 These potatoes be the most delicate rootes that may be eaten, and doe far exceede our passeneps or carets. 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. vi. i. 149 Of the potato and such venerous roots as are brought out of Spaine, Portingale, and the Indies. 1596 Gd. Huswiues Jewell C v b Pare your Potaton. a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) v. v. 19 Let the skie raine Potatoes . View more context for this quotation 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 517 Battatas Hispanorum, Spanish Potatoes. 1689 H. Pitman Relation Great Sufferings 29 Of eatable Roots [in Providence Island, Bahamas] there is Partatoes, Yams, Edders, &c. 1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 203 There are Patata's of four or five several Colours. 1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados 228 The West Indian Potatoes have all a sweetish taste. 1750 J. Birket Some Remarks Voy. N. Amer. 9 They have..abundance of..the Sweet Potatoe. 1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 69 We cultivate also potatoes, both the long and the round, turneps, carrots, [etc.]. 1802 Brookes' Gazetteer (ed. 12) at Ranai It produces very few plantains and bread-fruit trees, but abounds in yams, sweet potatoes, and taro. 1847 S. Rutledge Carolina Housewife viii. 14 Potato and Rice Bread. One quart of rice flour, one table-spoonful of mashed sweet potatoe, [etc.]. 1866 Rural Amer. (Utica, N.Y.) 15 Dec. 371/1 There is no reason why every farmer, under favorable circumstances, may not enjoy the luxury of a mess of sweet potatoes. 1925 Today's Housewife Feb. 31/1 Potatoes may be cut into strips, balls or cylinders... Sweet potatoes, squash or eggplant are similarly French-fried. 1969 Listener 12 June 814/1 The village chief himself asked us to a dinner of..sweet potato and duck and rice gin. 1970 M. Slater Caribbean Cooking 12 Potato, means sweet potato [in the Caribbean]; there are various kinds, some brown and some red skinned. 2000 Caterer & Hotelkeeper 25 May 50/4 This dish also works well as a taco filling: omit the sweet potato and cut the meat into 12mm cubes [etc.]. b. The plant of which this is the root, the perennial vine Ipomoea batatas (family Convolvulaceae), a cultigen of tropical American origin, grown worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible tubers and now also for the ornamental foliage of some cultivars. Later usually called sweet potato. Formerly also called Carolina potato, Spanish potato. Cf. batata n., yam n.¹ 2(c). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > sweet potato > plant potato1597 convolvine potato1756 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 780 Of Potatoes... This plant..is generally of vs called Potatus or Potatoes. It hath long rough flexible branches trailing vpon the ground, like vnto Pompions... Clusius calleth it Battata, Camotes, Amotes, and Ignanes: in English Potatoes, Potatus, and Potades. 1681 C. Jeaffreson Let. from St. Kitts 10 Nov. in Young Squire 17th Cent. (1878) I. 280 It [sc. a hurricane] broke and twisted my sugar-canes, rooted up my Cassava, and washed the graine and new-planted puttatoes. 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 154 The Potatoe and Potatoe-slip. Both these plants are now cultivated all over America, and supply the Negroes and poorer sort of people with a great part of their food. 1775 B. Romans Conc. Nat. Hist. E. & W. Florida 84 They cultivate..the esculent Convolvulus, (vulgo) sweet potatoes. 1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 63 Long potatoes. Convolvulus batatas. 1855 F. Douglass My Bondage & my Freedom i. 36 In the time of planting sweet potatoes, ‘Grandmother Betty’, as she was familiarly called, was sent for. 1896 S. B. Green Veg. Gardening xiii. 192 The sweet potato is raised from sprouts, which are produced abundantly if the tubers are planted in a hotbed in the early spring. 1928 H. A. Jones Truck Crop Plants ix. 263 There are over 400 species of Ipomoea, sweet potato being the only one which produces edible roots. 1991 New Scientist 16 Feb. 28/2 The International Potato Centre..in Lima, will attempt to incorporate AGC's insect resistance gene..into the sweet potato. 2. a. The plant Solanum tuberosum (family Solanaceae), a cultigen of South American origin, now grown commercially worldwide for its starchy underground stem tubers. Originally more fully †potato of Virginia, †Virginia potato. Also called white potato and (formerly) Carolina potato, Spanish potato, Chilean potato, Irish potato.Most instances of the word potato as known outside its region of origin refer to the abovementioned species. However, it is also used of several closely related cultivated crop species and numerous wild ones (genus Solanum) found chiefly in parts of Mexico and of Central and South America. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant potato1597 skirret of Peru1597 Irish potato1664 white potato1723 Virginian potato1731 potato plant1744 potato vine1750 lady's finger1827 peach-blow1861 Chilean potato1870 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > sweet potato potato1565 batata1577 potato root1583 Spanish potato1599 red batata1696 Virginia potato1715 sweet potato1750 yam1753 kumara1773 boniato1800 camote1842 Carolina potato1848 Carolina1884 mickey1936 kau kau1937 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 781 Of Potatoes of Virginia... Virginia Potatoes hath many hollowe flexible branches, trailing vppon the grounde, three square, vneuen, knotted or kneed in sundry places... The roote is thicke, fat, and tuberous; not much differing either in shape, colour or taste from the common Potatoes, sauing that the rootes hereof are..some of them round as a ball, some ouall or egge fashion..: which knobbie rootes are fastened vnto the stalkes with an infinite number of threddie strings. 1599 J. Gerard Catal. Arborum (rev. ed.) 15 Papus orbiculatus, Bastard Potatoes. Papus Hispanorum, Spanish Potatoes. [Catal. 1596 C 2/1 had only the Latin names]. 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 516 Potatoes of Virginia, which some foolishly call the Apples of youth..the flowers..somewhat like the flower of Tobacco for the forme..small round fruit, as bigge as a Damson or Bulleis, greene at the first,..like vnto Nightshade. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Potatoes, a sort of fruit, coming originally from the West Indies, but now common in English Gardens, whose Root is of great vertue, to comfort and strengthen the Body. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1708) 469 Potatoes are planted in several parts of our Country,..being easily encreased by cutting the Roots into several pieces, each piece growing as well as the whole Root. 1715 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 272 Virginia Potatoes... We are obliged to..Caspar Bauhine for a most accurate Figure..of this..Root... It was first cultivated in Ireland, and now about London, and in many Counties of Great Britain. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvi. 207 Potatoe is of this genus [sc. Solanum], as you will be convinced, if you compare the structure of the flower, with that of the other species. 1832 E. Lankester Veg. Substances Food 128 The potato is found wild in several parts of America,..among others in Chili and Peru. 1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 10 In 1728 Marshal Stair introduced the culture of the potatoe into Wigtownshire. 1950 L. E. Hawker Physiol. Fungi viii. 250 This ‘crucifer strain’ is less active than the ‘solanum’ one in attacking potato or tomato. 1980 Science 4 Apr. 18/2 The so-called potato comprises a diverse group of more than 160 Solanum species that bear tubers (modified stems), but the commmercial version belongs to a single subspecies, S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum. 1995 New Scientist 23 Dec. 17/1 The peach potato aphid..is already a major agricultural pest, feeding on the sap of crop plants including potatoes, oilseed rape and sugar beet. 2003 Agric. Syst. 76 899 For example, cultivated potato species such as S. ajanhuiri and S. curtilobum incur damage at −3° to −5° C. b. The tuber of this plant, round to oblong in shape, now a very widely-grown food crop in temperate climates; also used as feed for livestock, as a source of starch, and for the production of alcohol. As a mass noun: the flesh of this vegetable prepared for eating (cf. mashed potato n. at mashed adj. Compounds). potatoes and point: see potatoes and point at point n.¹ 32b. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato potato root1583 potato1597 Irish potato1664 pratie1749 earth apple1750 Murphy1750 tater1759 tatie1788 tattiec1800 pomme de terrec1810 potato tuber1844 spud1845 nav1893 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 782 Bicause it hath not onely the shape and proportion of Potatoes, but also the pleasant taste and vertues of the same, we may call it in English Potatoes of America, or Virginia [1633 adds Bauhine hath referred it to the Nightshades, and calleth it Solanum tuberosum Esculentum]. 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 518 The Virginia Potato's being dressed after all these waies..maketh almost as delicate meate as the former. 1663 in Jrnl. Bk. of Royal Soc. (MS.) 25 Mar. A Proposition to plant Potatoes through all the parts of England..and the benefit therof in times of scarcity of Food..their usefulness for meat and bread. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 78 in Sylva Take up your Potatos for Winter spending, there will enough remain for stock, though never so exactly gather'd. 1693 Jrnl. Bk. of Royal Soc. (MS.) 13 Dec. The President [sc. Lord Southwell] related that his grandfather brought Potatoes into Ireland, who had them from Sir Walter Rauleigh after his return from Virginia. 1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week i. 84 Of Irish swains potatoe is the chear. 1778 G. White Let. 8 Jan. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 223 Potatoes have prevailed in this little district..within these twenty years only. 1792 A. Young Trav. France 350 As to potatoes, it would be idle to consider them in the same view as an article of human food, which ninety-nine hundredths of the human species will not touch. 1820 P. B. Shelley Œdipus Tyrannus i. 9 Ye who grub With filthy snouts my red potatoes up. 1832 E. Lankester Veg. Substances Food 151 Potatoes..yield a spirit of a very pure quality... They are..cheaper..than barley from which to extract alcohol. 1860 R. W. Emerson Wealth in Conduct of Life 100 Pride can go without domestics,..can eat potato, purslain, beans, lyed corn. 1910 Daily Chron. 16 Apr. 7/3 What a culinary disaster is the English plain boiled potato. 1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day ii. 35 However enthralling..the forking of potatoes.., I had to tear myself away for the next regular event of the day. 1984 P. Chapman Indian Restaurant Cookbk. vii. 99 Pancakes made from ground rice and dhal, filled with potato. 2005 Independent 21 Apr. 13/2 The minister..tucking into a pie, roast potatoes and baked beans in the parliament's canteen. c. With distinguishing word: any of numerous varieties of the potato (sense 2b), differing chiefly in the colour, size, shape, or texture of the tubers; the tubers themselves. ΚΠ 1727 B. Langley New Princ. Gardening 71 The first is the white Kidney Potatoe, so called, in regard to its form, which is the true Form of a Sheep, or Hogs Kidney. The second is the white round Potatoe... The third Kind is that, which is called the Lancashire Potatoe, of a very pale reddish Colour, and of a very large Growth... The fourth Kind is the red Potatoe, with a rough Coat, the very best of any. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Solanum The Red and White Potatoes are both indifferently cultivated in England; tho' the red Sort is most commonly brought to the markets. 1777 Farmer's Mag. Oct. 354 The Howard Potatoe is found to produce the largest crop. 1840 T. Hood Up Rhine 104 The next dish..was of very small, very waxy kidney potatoes. 1849 E. Emmons Agric. N.Y. II. 41 Merino Potato... Not highly esteemed for the table. 1908 Daily Chron. 2 Oct. 3/5 The ‘White City’ potato..is confidently expected to surpass all the maincrop varieties hitherto produced. 1978 Sci. Amer. June 64/3 The ‘Idaho’ potato..is the most prized of the North American varieties because of its large size, pulpy interior,..and russeted (textured) skin. 1992 Nat. World Autumn 46/3 I assume that the planting of future English oaks will be prevented, just as the EC tried to ban King Edward potatoes some while ago. 2000 Independent (Nexis) 4 Nov. 5 My gift to myself was a sack of Bintje potatoes, the secret of those Belgian chips. 3. With distinguishing word: any of various plants having (mostly edible) tubers or tuber-like organs; (also) any of several plants resembling or related to the potato or sweet potato.Canada, Cree, Indian potato, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > types of potato potato1629 Rough Red1771 sprout1771 London lady1780 russet1780 ox-noble1794 pink-eye1795 kidney1796 Suriname1796 silver-skin1797 yam potato1801 bluenose1803 yam1805 bead-potato1808 lumper1840 blue1845 merino1846 regent1846 pink1850 redskin potato1851 fluke1868 mangel-wurzel potato1875 snowflake1882 snowdrop1900 pomato1905 Idaho1911 Majestic1917 red1926 Pentland1959 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 517 (No.) 4 Battatas de Canada, Potatoes of Canada, or Artichokes of Ierusalem. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) at Jerusalem Artichokes A Plant so called, but more truly Battatas [1706 (ed. Kersey), Potatoes] of Canada, because they came from Canada. 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 323 Potatoe, Indian, Dioscorea. 1834 J. Ross Van Diemen's Land Ann. 131 [It] produces bulb-tubers growing one out of another, of the size, and nearly the form, of kidney potatoes... These roots are roasted and eaten by the aborigines; in taste they resemble beet-root, and are sometimes called in the colony native potatoes. 1966 C. A. Smith Common Names 268 Kaffir potato, Coleus esculentus... The vernacular name is derived from the nature of the rootstock which is eaten like a potato by natives in Tropical Africa and in Natal. 1981 D. Levitt Plants & People 34 Native Potato (Marsdenia viridiflora)... The green fruit is 5 to 6 cm. long. When ready for eating it is slightly yellow. 2003 Agric. Syst. 76 899 Henceforward, non-tuberosum cultivated potato species will be referred to as ‘bitter potatoes’. 4. a. As the type of something insignificant or of little value. Now esp. in small potatoes (originally U.S.) : designating or denoting a person or thing considered petty, unimportant, insignificant, or worthless; occasionally also in singular.Formerly also in small potatoes and few in the hill and variants (now rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth ivy-leafc1000 needle?c1225 sloec1250 peasea1275 strawc1290 bean1297 nutc1300 buttonc1330 leekc1330 trifle1375 cress1377 goose-wing1377 sop1377 niflec1395 vetcha1400 a pin's head (also point)c1450 trump1513 plack1530 toy1530 blue point1532 grey groat1546 cherry-stone1607 jiggalorum1613 candle-enda1625 peppercorn1638 sponge1671 sneeshing1686 snottera1689 catchpenny1705 potato1757 snuff1809 pinhead1828 traneen1837 a hill of beans1863 gubbins1918 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > of little importance > collectively littleOE frya1577 small fry1652 potato1757 small beer1777 1757 T. Smollett Reprisal i. ii I don't value Monsieur de Champignon a rotten potatoe. 1797 S. T. Coleridge Let. 17 July (1956) I. 334 The London literati appear to me to be very much like little potatoes, that is no great things. 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VII iv. 67 Who knew this life was not worth a potato. 1836 D. Crockett Exploits & Adventures in Texas ii. 25 This is what I call small potatoes and few of a hill. 1846 N.Y. Herald 13 Dec. Small potato politicians and pettifogging lawyers. 1855 T. C. Haliburton Nature & Human Nature I. iii. 63 It's small potatoes for a man-of-war to be hunting poor game, like us. 1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 647/1 The Fourth Estate..thinks no small potatoes of itself. 1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain (London ed.) II. vii. 787 If some first-class excitement doesn't come along every day, you pull a face as though you were saying: ‘H'm, small potatoes and few in the hill!’ 1973 H. Nielsen Severed Key iv. 49 ‘Morry Sacks is going to tell the law we found a million dollars on the beach?’ ‘No! Morry is too small potatoes.’ 1995 Q June 186/1 The things you have to tell them to get a council tax rebate these days. Small potatoes, of course, compared to the interrogation on this page. b. colloquial (chiefly humorous). A person or character, esp. of a specified sort (usually with negative or derogatory connotations). ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > [noun] hadc900 lifesmaneOE maneOE world-maneOE ghostOE wyeOE lifeOE son of manOE wightc1175 soulc1180 earthmanc1225 foodc1225 person?c1225 creaturec1300 bodyc1325 beera1382 poppetc1390 flippera1400 wat1399 corsec1400 mortal?a1425 deadly?c1450 hec1450 personagec1485 wretcha1500 human1509 mundane1509 member1525 worma1556 homo1561 piece of flesh1567 sconce1567 squirrel?1567 fellow creature1572 Adamite1581 bloat herringa1586 earthling1593 mother's child1594 stuff1598 a piece of flesh1600 wagtail1607 bosom1608 fragment1609 boots1623 tick1631 worthy1649 earthlies1651 snap1653 pippin1665 being1666 personal1678 personality1678 sooterkin1680 party1686 worldling1687 human being1694 water-wagtail1694 noddle1705 human subject1712 piece of work1713 somebody1724 terrestrial1726 anybody1733 individual1742 character1773 cuss1775 jig1781 thingy1787 bod1788 curse1790 his nabs1790 article1796 Earthite1814 critter1815 potato1815 personeityc1816 nibs1821 somebody1826 tellurian1828 case1832 tangata1840 prawn1845 nigger1848 nut1856 Snooks1860 mug1865 outfit1867 to deliver the goods1870 hairpin1879 baby1880 possum1894 hot tamale1895 babe1900 jobbie1902 virile1903 cup of tea1908 skin1914 pisser1918 number1919 job1927 apple1928 mush1936 face1944 jong1956 naked ape1965 oke1970 punter1975 1815 Ld. Byron Let. 8 Mar. (1975) IV. 280 How could you be such a potatoe?.. to confide to a man's own publisher..such a damnatory parenthesis [about him]! 1845 Punch 26 Apr. 184/1 That fire-eating Milesian, that very hot potato, Mr. H. Grattan. 1868 B. Brierley Red Windows Hall ii. 16 ‘You are Sam o' Ducky's’..‘Th' same owd porrito’, said Sam. 1939 ‘E. Queen’ Dragon's Teeth 196 It seems to me for a smart hombre Cole was taking a hell of a chance letting this De Carlos potato sign his checks. 1986 R. Ford Sportswriter iii. 78 A real sneak-up-behind-you guy if you know what that means. A bad potato. c. slang. the potato: the (very, real, or proper) thing, the correct or excellent thing (now rare). (the) clean potato (originally Australian): (designating) a person who, or activity, etc., which, is legitimate, honest, or beyond reproach. Hence not (quite) the clean potato and variants: not completely sound or reliable; not (quite) the right or real thing. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > foundation in fact, validity > [noun] > a genuine thing or person the (real, true, etc.) Simon Pure1776 (the) genuine article1794 (the) clean potato1822 the real McCoy1848 the pure (also true, genuine, etc.) quill1854 to deliver the goods1870 the McCoy1931 straight arrow1969 society > morality > moral evil > lack of principle or integrity > [noun] > shadiness or fishiness > thing or person not (quite) the clean potato1822 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] > person or people man of worship1340 worthya1393 anybody1802 prince1864 (the) clean potato1880 righto1908 V.I.P.1933 1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 11 370 The Bishop's first two volumes are not quite the potato. 1836 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood (rev. ed.) Introd. p. xviii Larry is quite ‘the potato!’ 1853 H. B. Jones Adventures in Austral. 119 You do not know whether the man who addresses you is or has been a convict; and it is not very complimentary to ask one who speaks to you, ‘Are you’, in the idiomatic phraseology of the bush, ‘a clean potato’. 1880 R. M. Jephson Pink Wedding III. i. 29 I am convinced he is a first-rate one—quite the clean potato, in fact. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer III. xxvii. 104 ‘Well,’ said Mr. Cottonbush,..‘it ain't quite the clean potato, of course [sc. to steal a neighbour's grass]; but if your sheep's dying at home, what can you do?’ 1913 J. Galsworthy Dark Flower ii. vii. 137 A suspicion he had always entertained, that Cramier was not by breeding ‘quite the clean potato’. 1939 G. Heyer No Wind of Blame iv. 80 It isn't at all the clean potato. In fact, it's very dishonourable. 1962 T. Ronan Deep of Sky 42 Some of the grand old pioneers and land-takers of history were not quite the clean potato. 2004 Scotsman (Nexis) 27 May 4 The committee accepted Mr Innes's version as opposed to the version by Mr Law, that he had done nothing wrong—that he was clean potato. d. hot potato: see hot potato n. e. colloquial (chiefly British). A large or conspicuous hole in a sock, stocking, etc., esp. at the heel, through which the flesh shows. Cf. spud n. 5b. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > hole in a sock or stocking potato1885 puka1921 spud1960 1885 Eng. Ilustr. Mag. June 616/1 The gladiators wore pasteboard helmets..and fleshings for legs and arms, with—what are vulgarly termed ‘potatoes’, that is, holes in the fleshings perceptible in many places. 1902 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang V. 270/1 Potato,..used esp. for a heel through an undarned sock or stocking. 1949 D. M. Davin Roads from Home iii. iv. 241 It was a mystery the way that Paddy went through his stockings... A great big potato staring out over the heel. 1973 Country Gentlemen's Estate Mag. Mar. 156/1 Gumboots..will hole a ‘potato’ like a cannon-ball in the heels of a new pair of socks in an afternoon. 1988 B. Chatwin Utz 48 Her legs were encased in black stockings, which had a pair of white ‘potatoes’ at the knee. f. In plural. slang (chiefly U.S.). Money; spec. dollars (in quot. 1939: pounds). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > [noun] silverc825 feec870 pennieseOE wortheOE mintOE scata1122 spense?c1225 spendinga1290 sumc1300 gooda1325 moneya1325 cattlec1330 muckc1330 reasona1382 pecunyc1400 gilt1497 argentc1500 gelta1529 Mammon1539 ale silver1541 scruff1559 the sinews of war1560 sterling1565 lour1567 will-do-all1583 shell1591 trasha1592 quinyie1596 brass1597 pecuniary1604 dust1607 nomisma1614 countera1616 cross and pilea1625 gingerbreada1625 rhinoa1628 cash1646 grig1657 spanker1663 cole1673 goree1699 mopus1699 quid1699 ribbin1699 bustle1763 necessary1772 stuff1775 needfula1777 iron1785 (the) Spanish1788 pecuniar1793 kelter1807 dibs1812 steven1812 pewter1814 brad1819 pogue1819 rent1823 stumpy1828 posh1830 L. S. D.1835 rivetc1835 tin1836 mint sauce1839 nobbins1846 ochre1846 dingbat1848 dough1848 cheese1850 California1851 mali1851 ducat1853 pay dirt1853 boodle?1856 dinero1856 scad1856 the shiny1856 spondulicks1857 rust1858 soap1860 sugar1862 coin1874 filthy1876 wampum1876 ooftish1877 shekel1883 oil1885 oof1885 mon1888 Jack1890 sploshc1890 bees and honey1892 spending-brass1896 stiff1897 mazuma1900 mazoom1901 cabbage1903 lettuce1903 Oscar Asche1905 jingle1906 doubloons1908 kale1912 scratch1914 green1917 oscar1917 snow1925 poke1926 oodle1930 potatos1931 bread1935 moolah1936 acker1939 moo1941 lolly1943 loot1943 poppy1943 mazoola1944 dosh1953 bickies1966 lovely jubbly1990 scrilla1994 society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a pound > number of potatos1931 society > trade and finance > money > sum of money > [noun] > specific sums of money > a dollar > number of potatos1931 1931 D. Runyon in Collier's 4 Nov. 8/2 ‘Listen, Sam,’ I say, ‘you have seven duckets, and we are only six, and here is a little doll who is stood up by her guy, and has no ducket, and no potatoes to buy one with, so what about taking her with us?’ 1939 P. G. Wodehouse Uncle Fred in Springtime i. 9 Was it conceivable..that any man, even to oblige a future brother-in-law, would cough up the colossal sum of two hundred potatoes? 1976 National Observer (U.S.) 8 May 14/2 Usually he [sc. a horse] runs with a price tag of about $3,500. With those kind of potatoes, it can be hard to get respect. 1986 Wire Aug. 49/1 Many of us here don't have the potatoes to rush off to the local disc-cutter and snap up any album. g. Australian slang. [Short for potato peeler , rhyming slang for sheila n.] A girl or woman. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > woman > [noun] wifeeOE womaneOE womanOE queanOE brideOE viragoc1000 to wifeOE burdc1225 ladyc1225 carlinec1375 stotc1386 marec1387 pigsneyc1390 fellowa1393 piecec1400 femalea1425 goddessa1450 fairc1450 womankindc1450 fellowessa1500 femininea1513 tega1529 sister?1532 minikinc1540 wyec1540 placket1547 pig's eye1553 hen?1555 ware1558 pussy?a1560 jade1560 feme1566 gentlewoman1567 mort1567 pinnacea1568 jug1569 rowen1575 tarleather1575 mumps1576 skirt1578 piga1586 rib?1590 puppy1592 smock1592 maness1594 sloy1596 Madonna1602 moll1604 periwinkle1604 Partlet1607 rib of man1609 womanship?1609 modicum1611 Gypsy1612 petticoata1616 runniona1616 birda1627 lucky1629 she-man1640 her1646 lost rib1647 uptails1671 cow1696 tittup1696 cummer17.. wife1702 she-woman1703 person1704 molly1706 fusby1707 goody1708 riding hood1718 birdie1720 faggot1722 piece of goods1727 woman body1771 she-male1776 biddy1785 bitch1785 covess1789 gin1790 pintail1792 buer1807 femme1814 bibi1816 Judy1819 a bit (also bundle) of muslin1823 wifie1823 craft1829 shickster?1834 heifer1835 mot1837 tit1837 Sitt1838 strap1842 hay-bag1851 bint1855 popsy1855 tart1864 woman's woman1868 to deliver the goods1870 chapess1871 Dona1874 girl1878 ladykind1878 mivvy1881 dudess1883 dudette1883 dudine1883 tid1888 totty1890 tootsy1895 floozy1899 dame1902 jane1906 Tom1906 frail1908 bit of stuff1909 quim1909 babe1911 broad1914 muff1914 manhole1916 number1919 rossie1922 bit1923 man's woman1928 scupper1935 split1935 rye mort1936 totsy1938 leg1939 skinny1941 Richard1950 potato1957 scow1960 wimmin1975 womyn1975 womxn1991 1957 D. Niland Call me when Cross turns Over ii. 69 Snow told him not to be a mug, the sheila had him in her sights because she thought he was a bit of all right. That would be the day, Locky retorted, when some bloody potater..had him stringing along with her. 1970 G. Greer Female Eunuch 266 Terms..often extended to the female herself. Who likes to be called..a potato? 1971 Private Eye 2 July 16 As for this potato I must guide her footsteps back into the paths of righteousness. 5. one potato, two potato n. a children's counting-out rhyme which begins with these words; (also) the act of counting out by reciting the rhyme. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > light poem > [noun] > counting-out rhyme > specific one potato, two potato1918 1918 Jrnl. Amer. Folk-lore 31 522 [Michigan] One potato, two potato, three potato, four, Five potato, six potato, seven potato o'er. 1942 H. Fairbanks (title of song) One potato, two potato: twee potato, four: fox-trot. 1969 I. Opie & P. Opie Children's Games i. 54 ‘One potato, two potato’ has been in constant use throughout the twentieth century. 1981 Hispanic Rev. 49 321 (note) Juanita.., in a sportive gesture akin to our ‘one potato, two potato’, touches each man on the shoulder..until she reaches her intended. 1992 I. Banks Crow Road iv. 86 ‘Do One potato, Two potato’, suggested Emma. 2003 Pacific Daily News (Hagatna, Guam) (Nexis) 28 July 14 a If Camacho is going to force senators to do things this way, they might as well just use the one-potato, two-potato method, or the eeny-meenie-miney-moe process. Compounds C1. (Chiefly in sense 2.) a. General attributive. (a) potato bed n. ΚΠ 1730 G. Rye Considerations on Agric. x. 51 Selling the Potatoe Beds at one penny the Spade. 1803 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. 19 Aug. (1959) I. 208 Hay-stacks, potato-beds, and kail-garths. 1990 D. Bolger Journey Home (1991) i. 6 They planted trees in the image of their lost homeland, put down potato beds, built timber hen-houses. potato bowl n. ΚΠ 1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) II. vi. 33 Mark the Irishman's potatoe bowl placed on the floor, the whole family upon their hams around it, devouring a quantity almost incredible. 1892 E. Rowe Hints on Chip-carving (1895) 26 Numerous objects..which may thus be decorated at a small cost,..book-covers, blotters, bread-platters, potato-bowls,..&c. 1990 N. Bissoondath Smoke in Eve of Uncertain Tomorrows (1991) 69 The determined scraping of the serving spoon in the potato bowl—the sound like that of a dentist's pick screeching at teeth. potato cellar n. ΚΠ 1804 Times 17 Sept. 4/2 (advt.) Three Acres and Twenty-four Poles..of rich Garden-ground..with a comfortable Dwelling-house erected thereon, a summer-room, potatoe-cellar, tool-house, and loft. 1913 W. H. Olin Amer. Irrigation Farming ii. viii. 186 The best potato cellars have a double set of..doors at either end so loaded wagons can be driven right in, unloaded and sent out through the opposite door. 1992 D. Glancy Claiming Breath 86 I had to find a homestead within myself, or invent one. I dug a potatocellar. potato crop n. ΚΠ 1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Feb. xvi. 102 Afterwards the Potatoe-Crop may be secured from the Damage of Weeds. 1845 Florist's Jrnl. 6 245 The disease unfortunately so very general in the potato crop. 1993 New Scientist 12 June 11/1 At present..viruses destroy as much as one-fifth of Mexico's potato crop. potato field n. ΚΠ 1753 Trial J. Stewart 243 Allan Breck wrought with them in the potatoe-field the greatest part of that afternoon. 1800 C. B.Brown Arthur Mervyn xxx On one side was a potato-field, on the other a melon-patch. 1995 Field Mar. 79/2 We find the Station Bar, a lonely watering-hole surrounded by flooded potato fields. potato fork n. ΚΠ 1782 J. Abercrombie Every Man his Own Gardener (ed. 9) 501 They should be digged up with a flat three-tyned fork, there being proper potatoe-forks for the purpose. 1824 Times 31 Dec. 3/6 The door had been forced open with a potato-fork, the marks of the prongs being still visible. 1886 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester Yelve, a potato fork. 1986 Pract. Gardening Mar. 23/3 Don't buy a potato fork and hope to use it for other jobs. potato garden n. ΚΠ 1704 in Jrnl. Cork Hist. & Archaeol. Soc. (1895) 54 Some collops and a pottatoe garden for a portion. 1778 T. Pennant Tour in Wales I. 15 Every cottager has his potatoe garden..a conveniency unknown fifty years ago. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. iii. i. 521 The whole country would be frittered down into potato gardens. 1902 G. S. Whitmore Last Maori War x. 165 Every potato garden was securely fenced. 1992–3 Newfoundland Q. Winter 19/2 The youngest son reached into a faded mackinaw jacket..covered with a generous helping of potato garden mud. potato ground n. ΚΠ 1701 Remarks by Way of Answer to Char. Mod. Whig 12/1 They were never..given away by his Majesty..for Potatoe Grounds. 1753 W. Stewart in Scots Mag. Mar. 134/1 The pannel was walking from his potatoe-ground. 1838 W. L. Rham Outl. Flemish Husbandry ix. 47 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) (1840) III A practice of sowing hemp in a border all round a garden or potato-ground. 1879 Boy's Own Paper 18 Jan. 12/2 The beans and peas..were always in good order; so, too, was the potato-ground at the back. 1960 Times 19 Mar. 8/6 I was using a wide one-furrow plough..for breaking potato ground. 2005 Farmers Weekly (Nexis) 21 Jan. 2 Preparation of potato ground starts with ploughing, usually in the winter, but increasingly in the spring. potato harvest n. ΚΠ 1785 Berwick Museum June 309/2 In those days, (for it was potatoe harvest) he offered his hand to Deborah. 1808 E. Weeton Let. 1 Apr. (1969) I. 78 An uncommonly plentiful potatoe harvest. 1887 Eng. Hist. Rev. 2 736 The immense influx of Breton labourers into Jersey for a few weeks in each spring, due to the high wages obtainable during the potato harvest. 1979 Country Life 2 May 1375 Mr Hurd works on the early potato harvest. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 20 Apr. 8/4 The year 1917 saw the failure of the potato harvest, which was followed by the so-called ‘turnip winter’. potato house n. ΚΠ 1766 in C. R. Lounsbury Illustr. Gloss. Early Southern Archit. & Landscape (1994) 289 Building a potato house 10/, filling up the walls 20/..£1.10.0. 1861 C. M. Yonge Stokesley Secret vi. 89 There was a bonfire by the potato-house. 1970 S. Trueman Intimate Hist. New Brunswick iii. 56 The ‘potato houses’ looking like dwellings that have sunk so deep into the ground that they now consist mainly of high-peaked roofs. 1992 D. Morgan Rising in West ii. v. 89 The pile of old radiators, wheel rims, and bedsprings that piled up in the yard of the potato house. potato land n. ΚΠ 1758 W. Bailey Treat. Better Employment of Poor in Workhouses 53 The Potatoe Lands will give Four or Five good Crops of Oats. 1780 A. Young Tour Ireland i. 344 Plough the potatoe land once or twice for barley. 1855 Trans. Amer. Inst. N.-Y. 1854 168 in Docs. Assembly State N.-Y. (78th Session, Doc. No. 144) V Salt..will kill grubs, and may be used to advantage on potato land. 1965 K. H. Connell in D. V. Glass & D. E. C. Eversley Population in Hist. xvii. 428 The practice of letting farms by auction in a country [sc. Ireland] where land was almost the only resource encouraged tenants to outbid one another in the tribute they offered to acquire the right to potato-land. 2009 Classic Tractor Sept. 41/2 The CVX comfortable handles a four-furrow plough on potato land and is an excellent tractor for combination drilling. potato leaf n. ΚΠ 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xv. 430 These creatures [sc. locusts] came in great swarms to devour their Potato-leaves and other Herbs. 1818 Times 18 Aug. 3/4 [The men] had been actively employed in the manufacture of tea for some of the Dublin grocers, from the following materials:—Black and Deadly Night Shade..Ivy Leaves..Potato leaves, when in season. 1917 A. Teixeira de Mattos tr. J. H. Fabre Life of Grasshopper xx. 438 The caterpillar of Acherontia atropos, the Death's-head Hawk-moth, eats its fill of potato-leaves. 1994 Org. Gardening Feb. 44/2 Husky plants are sturdy, with that distinctive crinkled, ‘potato-leaf’ kind of foliage. potato merchant n. ΚΠ ?1780 Comical Sayings Pady from Cork 6 The potatoe merchant called me a liar, and my master called me a fool. 1805 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1947) VIII. 399 The Yorkshire Irishman, or Adventures of a Potatoe Merchant. 1867 Harper's Mag. July 233/1 The amount of business transacted by the wholesale potato merchants of Washington Market is immense. 1987 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 22 552 He set up as a potato merchant.., and his shop served as a storage place for clandestinely imported weapons. potato peel n. ΚΠ 1806 Hampshire Tel. & Sussex Chron. 20 Oct. 4/4 At one time, for instance, they gave him for dinner..water in which fish, with pieces of broken bread, refuse lettuce leaves, potato peels, and the green tops of radishes had been boiled. 1874 ‘Ouida’ Bébée 121 Scattering the potato-peels to the clacking poultry. 1917 H. C. Long Plants poisonous to Livestock iv. 55 Death was probably due to Solanine poisoning, due to eating raw Potato peel. 2003 W. Brandt Bk. of Film of Story of my Life i. 19 For some reason their doormat is always thickly strewn with potato peel and children's shoes. potato plant n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant potato1597 skirret of Peru1597 Irish potato1664 white potato1723 Virginian potato1731 potato plant1744 potato vine1750 lady's finger1827 peach-blow1861 Chilean potato1870 1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Feb. xvi. 104 And so the Potatoe-bed remains till Weeding-time, when they hand-hough between each Stalk, or Potatoe-plant. 1773 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 180 The potatoe plant has not been cultivated in any great quantities here [sc. on Anglesey] until of late years. 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 620 The proper management of the potatoe plant..is a point of great importance in its culture. 1857 A. Gray First Lessons Bot. (1866) 43 The subterranean growth of a Potato-plant. 1952 J. Reaney Bully in R. Weaver & H. James Canad. Short Stories 206 Sometimes our father made us pick potato beetles off the potato plants. 2000 J. Harris Blackberry Wine (2001) xlix. 251 A good time for..thinning out potato plants and putting them in rows. potato riddle n. ΚΠ 1819 Amer. Farmer 2 July 106 The potato riddles are great facilities, to save time and manual labour. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1125 The potato-riddle is made of wire. 1942 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 105 97 What taxation is involved, for example, by the device of the potato riddle. 2003 Farmers Guardian 14 Mar. 61/6 2 Cooch Potato Riddles. Old but in working order. £100 the pair. potato sack n. ΚΠ 1815 Times 1 June 4/4 (advt.) The farming stock comprises..cart harness complete for 12 horses, plough harness for ditto, potatoe sacks, sieves, scales, [etc.]. 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 40 There are tall potato-sacks, propped up in dark corners. 1939 F. Thompson Lark Rise i. 4 A superannuated potato-sack thrown down by way of hearthrug. 2003 N.Y. Mag. 30 June 169 (heading) Gone are the days when an expectant mother would don a potato sack and pack on the pounds. potato shoot n. ΚΠ 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 690 The potato-shoots..are fed by the matter lodged in the tuber from which the shoots proceed. 1925 Science 30 Jan. p. xiv/1 Potato shoots grafted onto the roots of non-tuberous relatives develop flowers that are no more fruitful. 2005 Norwich (Connecticut) Bull. (Nexis) 7 Apr. (Living section) 1 Hilling around emerging potato shoots keeps new potato tubers from turning green. potato stem n. ΚΠ 1829 Times 21 Aug. 2/5 On Sunday morning there was a frost, which on low situations blackened the potato-stems. 1949 E. V. Hardenburg Potato Production ii. 16 The potato stem is roughly angular, with three to four sides. 1997 Q. Rev. Biol. 72 361/2 This glossary was quite helpful to someone like me, who is not familiar with farm terms like..‘haulm’ (potato stem). potato tuber n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato potato root1583 potato1597 Irish potato1664 pratie1749 earth apple1750 Murphy1750 tater1759 tatie1788 tattiec1800 pomme de terrec1810 potato tuber1844 spud1845 nav1893 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 780 The Heart and Dart moth..also attack the potato-tuber. 1885 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 594 The potato tuber consists mainly of a mass of cells filled with starch and encircled by a thin corky rind. 1938 E. C. Miller Plant Physiol. (ed. 2) vi. 372 In the case of the potato tuber, the young stem removed only about 50 per cent of the minerals stored in the fresh tuber. 1994 Amateur Gardening 30 July 22/3 If you have bought only a small quantity of potato tubers, increase your output by cutting the larger ones..into two or three well-sprouted sections before planting. (b) In the names of dishes or foodstuffs made of or from potatoes, or of which the principal ingredient is potato. potato brandy n. ΚΠ 1771 R. Watson Plan Course Chem. Lect. 79 Potatoes fermented and distilled—Potatoe Brandy. 1840 T. Hood Up Rhine 180 Mr. Krauss..found their potatoe-brandy so poisonous. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) iii. 80 [The following materials are used for the preparation of alcohol or of liquids containing alcohol...] (c) The starch of cereals for beer and corn brandy, and of potatoes for potato brandy. 1999 Independent (Nexis) 30 Apr. 8 Air Macedonia's fabled in-flight service (three boiled sweets and as much potato brandy as you can drink). † potato cheesecake n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1664 J. Forster Englands Happiness Increased 9 How to make Potato Cheescakes. ?1760 H. Glasse Compleat Confectioner 112 Potato or lemon cheescakes. potato croquette n. ΚΠ 1829 L. E. Ude French Cook (ed. 10) §696 Potatoe Croquettes. 1876 M. N. F. Henderson Pract. Cooking 194 Potato Croquettes. Add to four or five mashed potatoes..the beaten yolk of one egg. 1942 C. Spry Come into Garden, Cook iv. 38 The best croquettes in the world, Potato Croquettes. 1993 N.Y. Times 21 Nov. v. 35/1 A very nicely rendered version of Palermo's beloved street food, chickpea fritters and potato croquettes. potato flour n. ΚΠ 1792 New Ann. Reg. 1791 Brit. & Foreign Hist. 5/2 He had asserted the bread was too good for them, and that they might subsist as well upon potatoe flour. 1822 M. Edgeworth Let. 28 Dec. in Econ. Jrnl. (1907) 17 435 A sample of potato flour which was made by M. L'Asteyrie at Paris in the year 1803. 1839 Mag. Dom. Econ. 4 88 The bread made of potato flour..is nutritious, wholesome, and delicate. 1906 U. Sinclair Jungle xi. 139 Potato-flour is the waste of potato after the starch and alcohol have been extracted; it has no more food value than so much wood. 1990 Here's Health Dec. 49/1 Instead of wheat flour, organic brown rice and potato flour are used, which makes it suitable for anyone with wheat sensitivities or coeliac disease. potato fritter n. ΚΠ 1736 C. Carter Compl. City & Country Cook (ed. 2) 167 (heading) Potatoe Fritters Spanish. 1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xix. 497 Potatoe Fritters. See directions for potatoe puddings. The same mixture dropped in fritters into boiling butter, and fried till firm on both sides will be found very good. 1981 Cook's Mag. Nov. 47/2 Minnesotans of all ethnic heritages today enjoy lefse (a potato fritter). 2003 Windsor (Ont.) Star (Nexis) 23 Aug. f1 Herb-crusted halibut on a potato fritter with asparagus drizzled in lemon butter. potato meal n. ΚΠ 1664 J. Forster Englands Happiness Increased 6 You must take as much Wheat or Barley Flower as your half Bushel of Potato Meal weighs. 1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers III. xv. 247 Hungry creatures..tried to cheat disease by mixing the damp..flour with rice or potato meal. 1924 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. 87 437 The industries selected were the following:—Margarine. Soap... Electricity works. Potato meal. Flour mills. Cocoa. 2003 Sports Illustr. (Nexis) 22 Sept. 58 If it's Wednesday during Lent, they'll eat peanut soup or potato meal or unseasoned rice and lentils, the blander the better. potato pasty n. ΚΠ 1653 Ghost or Woman wears the Breeches iii. 18 Potato-pasties, and lusty marrow-pies. 1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xvi. 409 (heading) Modern potatoe pasty. (An excellent family dish.) 1887 Chambers's Jrnl. 17 Sept. 594/2 He divided among them the cold potato-pasty that constituted the family dinner. 2004 North Devon Jrnl. (Nexis) 2 Dec. 16 Traditional food including potato pasties and bread and cheese will be available. potato pudding n. ΚΠ 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 105 A Potatoe Pudding..rub them through a Sieve..Butter..Sugar..Eggs..Sack or Brandy..Currans. 1766 Museum Rusticum 6 396 Mashed with a trencher; as for a potatoe pudding. 1801 G. Colman Rev. ii. iii. 32 Bull. Oh, you are come at last; you are plaguey fond of ducks, I should think?..Loon. I like 'em with a good potatoe pudding in their belly. 1852 M. H. Eastman Aunt Phillis's Cabin 56 I jist wanted some brandy to put in these potato puddins. 1933 Z. N. Hurston Gilded Six-bits in Story Aug. 62 Perched on the window-sill a pone of spicy potato pudding. 1997 O. P. Adisa It begins with Tears ii. 66 The brown-coolie man..would have something for the baby, a blackie mango,..a sweet-sop, a jackfruit, guinep, even potato pudding. potato soup n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > vegetable soup joutes1377 leek-pottagec1440 kalea1480 colea1500 nettle broth1652 spring pottage1661 minestra1673 spring soup1744 onion soup1747 shchi1824 Palestine soup1834 potato soup1834 tomato soup1840 julienne1841 gazpacho1845 printanier1867 minestrone1871 vichyssoise1939 pistou1979 1834 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae lxviii in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 586 Potato-soup,..sheep's-head-broth, kail, and rummble-te-thumps. 1906 Macmillan's Mag. July 675 Potato-soup,..pea-soup, or even chestnut-soup for the fruitarian. 1993 R. Shell iCED 126 A kitchen where I'd cook up potato soup and ground-beef midnight snacks. potato starch n. ΚΠ 1801 Times 16 Dec. 2/2 The Royal Assent was given, by Commission, to..the Rice and Potatoe Starch Bill. 1831 Encycl. Brit. IV. 300/1 We have been assured, that..Indian arrowroot is nothing else than potato starch mixed with a little gum tragacanth. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xiv. 338 In potato starch the granules are large and somewhat angular. 1994 New Scientist 4 June 81/3 Boiling potatoes results in gelatinisation of potato starch. potato sugar n. ΚΠ 1842 Times 3 May 2/2 (advt.) Excise-office, Old Broad-street... For sale..Foreign brandy.., tobacco, molasses, potato sugar. 1888 Catholic World June 353 The potato-sugar is again added, the pump works, and so on until the lees are exhausted. 2002 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 9 Mar. 2 Older members discuss the potential risks of potato sugar for diabetics. potato yeast n. ΚΠ 1800 Naval Chron. 3 364 Method of making potatoe yeast. 1897 New Eng. Mag. July 565/1 Deliverance planned to raise her bread in the modern way... Elmina insisted on potato yeast. 1965 S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm vi. 88 The recipe was written on the back of the paper that the recipe for potato yeast was on. 2002 N.Z. Herald (Nexis) 23 Mar. Rewena bread..is somewhat sweet and made with potato yeast. b. Objective (applied to persons, tools, processes, etc.) † potato-assorter n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1869 Sci. Amer. 6 Mar. 157/2 Potato assorter and Sifter. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1775/2 Potato-assorter, a rolling screen with open meshes to allow small potatoes to be sorted from the larger merchantable ones. 1909 H. J. Banker Bancker or Banker Families Amer. xvi. 211 Another invention was a potato assorter which was patented and proved to be of practical value. 1916 Alphabet. List Patentees in Ann. Rep. Comm. Patents 1916 (U.S. Patent Office) 1141/1 Potato-assorter. J. H. Green. No. 1,174,711; Mar. 7. potato chipper n. ΚΠ 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 436/1 Potato Chipper, can be used as a..chopper for potatoes. 1951 Festival of Brit.: Catal. Exhibits: South Bank Exhib. (H.M.S.O.) 52/1 Potato chipper; Thos. A. Nutbrown Ltd., Walker Street, Blackpool, Lancs. 1995 Kay & Co. (Worcester) Catal. Autumn–Winter 901/2 Potato chipper..mixer..grater..crusher..juicer..shells hard boiled eggs. potato cutter n. ΚΠ 1874 Subject-matter Index Patents 1790–1873 (U.S. Patent Office) II. 1111/1 Potato cutter and planter. 1906 A. Filippini Internat. Cook Bk. 228 Cut with a sharp knife—if no julienne-shaped potato cutter is at hand—into even julienne, match-like strips. 1948 Good Housek. Cookery Bk. ii. 289 Scoop out the potato balls with a Parisian potato cutter. 1999 Business Week (Nexis) 31 May 4 An electric potato cleaner and a potato cutter whir in one corner of the kitchen. potato digger n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop potato digger1795 picker1805 potato graip1844 potato hook1856 potato lifter1858 spinner1923 1795 W. Cobbett Bone to gnaw for Democrats 18 Who will believe them? Nobody, here, above the rank of a potatoe digger. 1845 Quincy (Illinois) Whig 18 Dec. 2/5 A new potatoe digger was recently exhibited in operation at Salem, West Jersey. 1981 Southern Hort. (N.Z.) Spring 7/1 A year later the roots were lifted with a potato digger and transplanted as bare roots in the field by hand. 2005 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Northwestern (Nexis) 10 July The four who came to the village on the train that October day, claiming to be potato diggers, intent on robbing the bank. potato-digging adj. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > potato-digging potato-digging1813 1813 J. Poole Hole in Wall ii. 33 I'll break your bones, you potatoe-digging rascal. 1836 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker (1837) 1st Ser. xxiii. 243 Reapin and bindin grain, and potatoe diggin. a1887 R. Jefferies in W. Besant Eulogy (1888) v. 136 Let him pass to his potato-digging. 1985 S. Hood Storm from Paradise (1988) 70 Across the fields he could see in the distance the potato-digging machine advancing slowly down the drills. potato farmer n. ΚΠ 1784 E. Long Free & Candid Rev. of Tract 28 The poorest potatoe farmer in the wilds of Ireland may dispute pre-eminence with the yeomanry of Canada. 1880 G. O. Trevelyan Early Hist. C. J. Fox (1900) v. 167 The Connaught potato-farmers whom one day he was to hand over by droves to the mercies of the press-gang. 2003 New Scientist 1 Feb. 43/3 In the Andes potato farmers say that the clarity of the Pleiades star cluster in June predicts the timing of the rainy season. potato farming n. ΚΠ 1884 Sioux Valley (Iowa) News 24 Apr. 2/2 Potatoes..may be grown successfully by covering the ground with a thick layer of straw... This will be very satisfactory potato farming to many—if true. 1890 C. W. Dilke Probl. Greater Brit. 124 There are..other tracts of disintegrated volcanic rock where potato-farming is carried on with extraordinary success. 2005 Portland (Maine) Press Herald (Nexis) 4 Sept. f1 Throughout Aroostook, resource-based industries like forestry and potato farming are still key. potato-gatherer n. ΚΠ 1870 Times 28 Nov. 5/2 Reports from Versailles state that the potato gatherers come over to the Prussian lines by thousands, and they have to be fired upon by the Prussians to drive them back to the city. 1900 Daily News 11 Feb. 6/4 His subjects were..peasants, potato-gatherers, fisher-folk. 2004 Daily Mail (Nexis) 8 Oct. 39 Officers suspect they had been working illegally as fruit-pickers and potato gatherers for meagre wages. potato grower n. ΚΠ 1818 J. Keats Let. 20 Sept. (1958) I. 368 Projectors, Patentees, Presidents, Potatoe growers. 1885 Amer. Naturalist 19 396 During the past year some experiments were made at Reading, England, upon the grounds of Messr. Sutton & Sons, the eminent potato growers. 1979 Guardian 4 Aug. 1/3 The Potato Marketing Board, through which all commercial potato growers have to operate. 2005 Irish Independent (Nexis) 22 Feb. Potato growers have been urged to develop the processing production side of their enterprise. potato-growing n. and adj. ΚΠ 1826 Times 11 Nov. 2/4 The poor get accommodated, as it is called, with slips of land for potatoe growing. 1845 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 24 Oct. 2/4 Inspection of the state of the potato crop in this most fertile potato-growing locale. 1918 in E. L. D. Seymour Farm Knowl. II. v. xxxi. 435 The corn-growing or potato-growing farmer must rely..for improvement and uniformity upon the seed plot in which his superior plants are produced. 2004 Economist (U.S. ed.) (Nexis) 1 May The official press offers only paeans of praise for his talents in everything from potato growing to golf. potato-harvester n. ΚΠ 1857 Sci. Amer. 26 Nov. 357/1 For an Improvement in Potato-Harvesters... This invention consists in..an adjustable share, rotary screen, and rotary discharging-device..whereby..the digging of potatoes and other roots, may be performed. 1878 Times 11 May 6/4 There is throughout the same one face which we learnt to know in Mr. Macbeth's gang-labourers and potato-harvesters—in all his idylls of rustic labour, in fact. 1942 Mississippi Valley Hist. Rev. 28 627 The discussion of the problems of the migrant agricultural workers includes those of the potato harvesters from Florida to Maine. 2004 Countryman (W. Austral.) (Nexis) 22 Apr. 17 The combined hydraulic flow from the two systems is an impressive 257 litres per minute to run air seeders, potato harvesters and other specialty equipment more efficiently. potato lifter n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop potato digger1795 picker1805 potato graip1844 potato hook1856 potato lifter1858 spinner1923 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 299/1 Potato-lifter, a prong; also a kind of digging machine. 1908 Econ. Jrnl. 18 244 Every effort has been made to reduce the amount of labour in agriculture. The self-binder and the potato-lifter have been introduced. 1967 A. L. Lloyd Folk Song in Eng. i. 17 The old potato lifter who cried to the pitiless sun: ‘Oh, were you never on hire yourself?’ 2004 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. (Nexis) 6 June 11 Katrina has driven a combine, a beet plow and a potato lifter. potato peeler n. ΚΠ 1869 Sci. Amer. 8 May 301/1 Potato Peeler... This invention relates to a new machine for peeling potatoes and other fruit; and it consists in the application of revolving graters, and of a stationary removable grater, to operate in the desired manner for paring apples, potatoes, etc. 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 436/1 The Peerless Potato Peeler. This is an entirely new and novel article for peeling and slicing potatoes. 1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 610/1 Potatoes should be peeled..with either a special potato peeler or a sharp, short-bladed knife. 1993 House Beautiful Feb. 53/2 The archaeologists' pride and joy is the trowel. They use it more or less like a potato peeler, scraping off layers of soil like so many thin skins. potato-picker n. ΚΠ 1846 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 16 Jan. 5/2 O'Connell could not now agitate a potato-picker, and the entire batch of conspirators are as much extinguished as if they were at the bottom of the bog of Allen. 1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Oct. 6/3 In the Long Sutton District..the potato-pickers have struck work for an increase of pay. 1926 Econ. Geogr. 2 203 (caption) Wagons awaiting the arrival of potato-pickers who invade the tip of the Peninsula for the potato harvest labor. 2002 Cheshire Life Aug. 182/1 Between the First and Second World Wars, gangs of Irish potato-pickers would arrive in the village and work with the local women, picking and bagging potatoes. potato-picking n. ΚΠ 1895 Times 24 June 8/1 A potato picking machine. 1916 Times 4 Nov. 3/3 The Staffordshire Education Committee has decided to release a number of boys from school attendance for potato picking in the fields. 1976 Eastern Evening News (Norwich) 22 Dec. 1/8 They told the council they intended to stay only over Christmas and were then going to Northampton for potato-picking. 1999 R. Deakin Waterlog (2000) xvii. 201 We would start beet singling, then gooseberries, then plums, then apples, then potato-picking, then more apples. potato planter n. ΚΠ 1788 G. Washington Diary 3 June (1979) V. 337 At the Ferry the Potatoe planters having overtaken the Plows and Harrows, went to weeding Corn with Hoes. 1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex I. 394 By far the greatest potatoe-planter in Essex. 1904 Publ. Amer. Econ. Soc. 3rd Ser. 5 10 Potato planters and diggers, feed choppers and grinders, manure spreaders, and ditch-digging machines are only a few of many labor-saving devices now common on the farms in the Central States. 1995 Farmers Weekly 31 Mar. 129/1 (advt.) Hassia 2 row potato planter with ridging bodies £750. potato-planting n. ΚΠ 1838 Times 12 Mar. 4/3 Families whom the exhaustion of their stock of potatoes and the want of employment from potato-planting to harvest reduce, more or less every year, to the greatest want and privation. 1951 R. Firth Elements Social Organization iv. 142 To revert to the Irish peasantry..—there is a form of non-monetary co-operation..in tasks such as..potato-planting. 2005 Oregon Business (Nexis) 1 July 40 He stops regularly and digs his hands into the wet dirt to check his young potato plantings for rot. potato-raiser n. ΚΠ 1853 H. Stephens Farmer's Guide II. 396 (caption) The potato-raiser attached to a plough. 1880 Daily News 10 Dec. 2/4 An exhibit of comparative novelty..being the potato-raiser, which was declared not many years ago to be without the range of practical agriculture. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 413/1 In 1887..lesser prizes [went] to a weighing machine..potato-raisers and one-man-power cream separators. 1931 Amer. Speech 7 123 The potato raiser like other farmers usually finds that the price is low if his crop is plentiful. 1989 Official Kremlin Internat. News Broadcast (Nexis) 17 May Alexander Fyodorovich Orlov, a potato-raiser well-known to the entire oblast. potato-roaster n. ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 299/1 Potato-roaster, a tin machine carried about by an itinerant vender, who sells hot baked potatoes. 1998 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 22 May 3 c A couple of other Char-Broil rack choices include their Vertical Poultry and Potato Roaster for $8.99. potato-separator n. ΚΠ 1863 Sci. Amer. 31 Oct. 284/2 Potato Separator... I claim the revolving screen, i, inclined in one direction, in combination with the vibrating screen, j, inclined in an opposite direction. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1776/2 Potato-separator, an implement used for the purpose of sorting the tubers in sizes. 1903 Times 7 Dec. 3/3 Lighter types of implements are to be seen in the galleries, where..Mr. Henry Cooch [shows] potato separators, Mr. Robert Boby corn screens, [etc.]. 1999 BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific (Nexis) 28 Oct. The Taehongdan Potato Institute..is engaged in breeding and selecting non-virus potato seeds,..introducing potato separators and sowers,[etc.]. potato-smasher n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > masher or crusher potato-beetle1821 potato masher1835 masher1849 potato-smasher1858 sugar-crusher1870 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 299/1 Potato-smasher, a cook's wooden utensil for mashing potatoes for the table. 2002 Bellingham (Washington) Herald (Nexis) 24 Dec. 1 c Evan was in charge of creaming... He'd use a potato smasher. potato-washer n. ΚΠ 1850 Times 26 Sept. 8/1 The customary assortment of chaff-cutters, rick-stands, churns, potato-washers, &c., were also to be seen. 1859 All Year Round 18 June 191/2 Tossing the newspapers and packets about, like a potato-washer over a tub of potatoes. 2002 Indianapolis Star (Nexis) 17 Oct. 1 e Yum has imported planters and dryers from Korea, and a root washer (a modified potato washer) from Wisconsin. C2. potato apple n. the poisonous fruit (a berry) of the potato plant, resembling a small green or yellow-green tomato. The apparent former use of potato berries as a food is difficult to account for if the content of toxic alkaloids was like that of the modern cultivar. In the case of quot. 1663, the broader context permits the (somewhat implausible) interpretation of the ‘fruit’ as referring to the tubers. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit eye?1440 potato apple1663 potato eye1733 eyehole1782 potato bean1805 potato ball1817 seed ball1821 1663 R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 72 The branch will bringe forth fruit which wee call the potato Apple, they are very good to pickle for winter sallets. 1798 N.Y. State Soc. Arts 1 261 I gathered what are commonly called the potatoe-apples, when they were fully ripe. 1846 J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. p. v We are ourselves curious in the fabrication of a salad,..but have never yet screwed up our courage to plunge a green potato-apple into the bowl. 1878 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. XVII. 690 A girl of fourteen died from eating green potato-apples. 1930 Times Educ. Suppl. 18 Oct. 431/2 A section of the ‘potato apple’ is like that of the tomato. 2003 Irish Times (Nexis) 15 Feb. (Mag.) 82 Although potato tubers are fine things to eat, the fruits that sometimes form on the plants—known as ‘potato apples’—contain toxic alkaloids. potato ball n. (a) Cookery (chiefly in plural) potato shaped into balls, esp. mashed potatoes mixed with milk and butter, rolled into balls, and fried; †(b) (probably) the berry of the potato plant (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > rissoles, balls, or croquettes > [noun] rishew1340 pomedorry1381 rafiolea1425 raynoll?c1425 pomea1450 andouillet1611 raviol1611 tamale1625 patty1660 poupiets1702 croquette1706 rissole1706 potato cake1747 Basque1769 potato ball1817 Cecils1819 polpetta1822 quenelle1827 kibbeh1829 meatball1835 kromeski1846 quenelle de volaille1846 quesadilla1848 kungu cake1865 ponhaus1869 frikkadel1870 albondigas1872 fricandel1872 Vienna steak1874 pirozhok1887 kofta1888 paupiette1889 cheeseball1895 keftedes1912 baozi1927 crab cake1929 falafel1936 klops1936 coddie1941 wonton1948 fish finger1962 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake potato cake1747 potato dumpling1765 potato ball1817 potato pancake1856 potato puff1871 potato latke1927 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit eye?1440 potato apple1663 potato eye1733 eyehole1782 potato bean1805 potato ball1817 seed ball1821 1777 C. Mason Lady's Assistant (ed. 3) 321 Potatoes in Balls. Do them as above; roll them in balls with a little flower, brown them in a common or Dutch oven, or fry them.] 1817 W. Kitchiner Apicius Redivivus sig. E4 Savoury Potatoe Balls (No. 112.) Are made by adding a quarter of a pound of crated ham to a pound of mashed potatoes with the yolk of a couple of eggs. 1823 T. B. Hazard Diary 16 May (1930) 596/1 Planted a Potatoe Ball. 1824 M. Randolph Virginia House-wife 120 Potatoe Balls. Mix mashed potatoes with the yelk of an egg, roll them into balls. 1850 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1849: Agric. 198 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (31st Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 20, Pt. 2) VI In 1847, he planted a single potato-ball or apple; only one seed grew. 1948 Good Housek. Cookery Bk. ii. 289 Scoop out the potato balls with a Parisian potato cutter. 1969 E. H. Pinto Treen 141 The hardwood handle with, at each end, a steel bowl with a hole in the base..is a potato ball maker, probably 18th-century. 2000 S. Fallon & M. Rothschild World Food: France (Lonely Planet Guide) 148 Potato balls that have been sauteed in butter, glazed in meat drippings and sprinkled with parsley. potato bean n. †(a) a bean-shaped tuberous excrescence at the base of a potato stem (obsolete rare); (b) the groundnut, Apios americana. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit eye?1440 potato apple1663 potato eye1733 eyehole1782 potato bean1805 potato ball1817 seed ball1821 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 628 The dark brown-coloured excrescence that grows to the size of a large horse-bean on the haulm or straw of the potatoe..termed in some places the potatoe bean. 1979 Garden (Victoria & Albert Mus.) 89/2 The American potato-bean from Virginia. 2000 Nature Conservancy Sept. 35/3 The preserve is situated on a calcareous bluff forest that harbors the world's largest-known population of..Apios priceana, or Price's potato-bean. potato-bing n. Scottish and Irish English a heap of potatoes, esp. one covered with earth, straw, etc., for winter storage. ΚΠ 1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 68 Potatoe-bings are snugged up frae skaith. 1815 W. Finlayson Simple Sc. Rhymes 25 Potatoe-bings, in beautiful array, Contain the hopes o' mony a future day. 1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 217/2 Potato-bing, a covered heap of potatoes.., [also] an uncovered heap of potatoes kept in a house. potato blight n. a highly destructive disease of potatoes caused by a parasitic fungus, Phytophthora infestans, which first attacks the leaves, gradually spreading to all above-ground parts of the plant and finally the tubers, causing them to rot. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes potato blight1845 potato disease1845 potato murrain1845 potato rot1845 potato curl1887 late blight1893 black scab1908 wart disease1915 black wart1950 1845 Times 16 Sept. 6/5 The advices from Ireland are also, happily, silent on the subject of the potato blight. 1861 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 24 405 It must also be remembered that the effects of the disasterous period of famine and pestilence, which commenced with the potato blight of 1846–7, had extended over the first few years of the decade upon which it is now our province to report. 1879 H. George Progress & Poverty (1881) ii. ii. 110 When the potato blight came, they died by thousands. 1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. xiv. 259 It would probably be worth while incorporating an aphicide such as nicotine or derris in the routine spraying for potato blight. 1988 Garden Answers Apr. 59/4 Spray with copper or other suitable fungicide to control potato blight. potato-bogle n. Scottish a scarecrow in a potato field, or with a potato for a head; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > sowing and planting equipment > [noun] > bird-scarer scarlec1440 scare1530 blencher1531 shail1531 fray-boggard1535 crow-keeper1562 malkinc1565 clacket1594 scarecrow1606 clap-mill1613 field keeper1620 shaw-fowl1621 bean-shatter1639 clapper1660 dudman1670 clack1678 hobidy-booby?1710 worricow1711 cherry-clapper1763 flay-crake1788 potato-bogle1815 cherry-clack1824 feather-piea1825 flay-crow1824 gally-baggar1825 gally-crow1825 bogle1830 tatie-bogle1838 shewel1888 scare-string1889 the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > causing physical symptoms > [noun] > scarecrow or device for scaring birds buga1425 scarlec1440 scare1530 blencher1531 shail1531 fray-boggard1535 malkinc1565 clacket1594 bogle-bo1603 scarecrow1606 blinks1611 clap-mill1613 shaw-fowl1621 dudman1670 hobidy-booby?1710 cherry-clapper1763 flay-crake1788 potato-bogle1815 cherry-clack1824 feather-piea1825 flay-crow1824 gally-baggar1825 gally-crow1825 bogle1830 deadman1839 hodmandod1881 scarer1930 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. viii. 74 The Laird might as weel trust the care o' his bairn to a potatoe bogle. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xxvi. 267 As if ye had stolen the coat from a potato-bogle. 1925 J. Buchan John Macnab xiv. 302 Johnson suddenly discover[ed] in this potato-bogle of a man something formidable. 1992 Independent (Nexis) 20 Dec. 65 What is a potato-bogle?.. A scarecrow with a head made of a potato. potato-box n. slang (now rare) the mouth; cf. potato-jaw n., potato-trap n. ΚΠ 1895 A. G. Murdoch Readings I. 120 Tingle the ivories in her potato-box. 1938 Times 22 Feb. 15/5 In the nineteenth century it was common to refer to the human mouth as a potato box or potato trap. potato bread n. bread made partly from potato flour, or of which potatoes are an ingredient. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > potato bread potato bread1719 boxty1829 1719 J. Breval Mac-Dermot ii. 12 On great Mens Offals chusing to be fed, When thou couldst eat thy own Potatoe Bread. 1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Sept. xxv. 119 Potatoe Bread. This Root has often been employed, like the Turnep, towards making Loaves of Bread in the scarce Times of Corn. 1861 I. M. Beeton Bk. Househ. Managem. xxv. 585 Potato Bread.—The adhesive tendency of the flour of the potato acts against its being baked or kneaded without being mixed with wheaten flour or meal. 1915 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 661/2 There is a rather large group of words that have come at us with a rush, and cannot be classified,..that fine phrase of Mr. Lloyd George's, ‘the potato-bread spirit’. 1962 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 8 Oct. 12 Potato bread is its own invitation to a snack. 1995 C. Bateman Divorcing Jack iii. 33 Margaret was making a fry-up. Sausages, bacon, egg, fried bread, soda bread, potato bread, mushrooms, pancake, tomato. potato bug n. chiefly North American an insect, esp. a beetle, which infests potato plants; spec. (a) (more fully old-fashioned potato bug) a blister beetle of the genus Epicauta; (b) (more fully new potato-bug) the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Chrysomelidae > doryphora decemlineata (Colorado beetle) potato bug1799 potato beetle1861 Colorado beetle1866 1799 E. Drinker Jrnl. 2 Sept. (1889) 347 They call them [sc. a species of Cantharides] here..the Potato-Bug, being numerous on the potato tops. 1865 Pract. Entomologist 1 3/1 The new Potato Bug is not what naturalists call a Bug, but a true Beetle. 1877 4th Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1876–7 108 The Colorado Potato-Beetle or Potato-Bug. 1907 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 524/1 The old-fashioned potato bug or blister-beetle..is combated in the same way as the Colorado potato-beetle. It is now rarely seen. 1949 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 5 June 14/2 It was settled that I should receive 1 cent per hundred for picking potato bugs. 1979 R. Thomas Eighth Dwarf xxi. 210 The U.S. Constabulary..were swarming over the Opel plant..like so many potato bugs. 2004 Windsor Star (Ont.) (Nexis) 17 July f8 Dead nettle, horseradish and flax also keep potato bugs off your spuds. potato cake n. a small savoury cake or patty made from potato and (usually) flour, and cooked by frying. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > rissoles, balls, or croquettes > [noun] rishew1340 pomedorry1381 rafiolea1425 raynoll?c1425 pomea1450 andouillet1611 raviol1611 tamale1625 patty1660 poupiets1702 croquette1706 rissole1706 potato cake1747 Basque1769 potato ball1817 Cecils1819 polpetta1822 quenelle1827 kibbeh1829 meatball1835 kromeski1846 quenelle de volaille1846 quesadilla1848 kungu cake1865 ponhaus1869 frikkadel1870 albondigas1872 fricandel1872 Vienna steak1874 pirozhok1887 kofta1888 paupiette1889 cheeseball1895 keftedes1912 baozi1927 crab cake1929 falafel1936 klops1936 coddie1941 wonton1948 fish finger1962 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake potato cake1747 potato dumpling1765 potato ball1817 potato pancake1856 potato puff1871 potato latke1927 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 98 Potatoe-Cakes. Take Potatoes boil them..mix them with Yolks of Eggs [etc.]. 1824 E. Weeton Jrnl. (1969) I. 33 Often I have..been obliged to live on potatoes and potatoe cakes for weeks. 1893 ‘Q’ Delectable Duchy 26 Drinking cider and eating potato-cake. 1952 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 99/1 (advt.) Plan these good meals around tomato soup: Ham and Potato Cakes, Pork and Beans, Salad Frizzled Beef. 1972 R. Godden Diddakoi iv. 84 She was looking at the potato cakes, crisp and brown and parslied. 1994 Washington Post 3 July (Mag. section) 18/2 You needn't bother with the salty potato cakes, the heavy fried potatoes with green chorizo or the damp duck enchiladas. potato chip n. †(a) a thin sliver or slice of sweet potato (obsolete); cf. chip n.² 2b; (b) a fried piece of potato, usually a stick or baton (now rare); cf. chip n.² 2c; (c) North American and Australian a thin slice of potato fried until crisp; now (chiefly in plural) food of this sort produced commercially, typically salted or flavoured and sold packaged in bags to be eaten as a savoury snack; cf. chip n.² 2d. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > chips chip1854 potato chip1854 French fried potatoes1856 chip potatoes1869 pommes frites1879 French fries1902 straw potatoes1904 game chip1914 French frieds1918 pommes allumettes1962 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps Saratoga chips1869 chip1871 potato chip1893 potato straw1895 potato crisp1921 crisp1929 twiglet1932 potato stick1937 nacho1948 potato puff1972 kettle chips1980 1841 Mississippi Free Trader & Natchez Daily Gaz. 29 Dec. 2/2 We set off with our pockets filled with biscuit, jerked venisen [sic] and potatoe chips. 1854 R. S. Surtees Handley Cross xxxix. 308 This [sc. the second course] consisted of a brace of partridges guarding a diminutive snipe at the top,..stewed celery, potato chips, puffs, and tartlets forming the side-dishes. 1876 Harper's Mag. Oct. 727/1 She ordered a cutlet, with potato chips, and lay down on the sofa. 1893 K. D. Wiggin Polly Oliver's Probl. vii. 84 Meanwhile Polly set on the table..some delicate potato chips which had come out of a pasteboard box. 1956 Times 16 Nov. 6/2 The Bill specifies sales for which shops may remain open after 1 p.m. on early closing day. These include fried fish and potato chips, mineral waters, sweets, ice-cream, milk, [etc.]. 1972 C. Weston Poor, Poor Ophelia (1973) vi. 29 Two barefoot hippies were sharing a bag of potato chips. 2004 Sunday Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 18 July b6 Once it meant nothing..[to her] to polish off a big bag of potato chips and another of cheese-flavoured snacks after dinner. potato clay n. [after Hopi tɨm?ncöqa < t?mna potato + c?qa moist earth, mud] a variety of clay traditionally used by Hopi Indians (frequently mixed with water) to neutralize bitterness, acidity, or toxins in foods such as wild potatoes, and sometimes in the production of pigments. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > other clays red clayc1475 urry1669 blae1724 cat-dirt1747 iron clay1750 till1762 mulatto clay1788 oak-tree clay1794 porcelain jasper1794 porcellanite1794 Karoo ground1836 plinthite1836 papa1851 Bradford clay1858 Indianaite1868 sinopite1868 hydrobiotite1881 pampas-clay1885 byon1892 potato clay1896 bentonite1898 quick clay1901 gumbotil1916 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > clay > [noun] > for making pigments potato clay1896 1896 Amer. Anthropologist 9 19 It is boiled and eaten with a talc of greasy taste called tümῖn' tcúka, ‘potato clay’. 1898 Internat. Folk-Lore Congr. World's Columbian Expos. 1893 I. 264 The corn having boiled about three-quarters of an hour, the pot is taken from the fire and its content poured upon the sieve, through which the purple-stained boiling water is strained upon the sumac berries. Some of the talc-like substance called potato-clay is then produced, and the operator puts a piece about the size of a walnut in his mouth, chewing it a little to soften it. 1936 Jrnl. Amer. Folk-lore 49 9 (note) Wild potato clay. 1980 J. T. Kavena Hopi Cookery 86 Add 1 cup of potato clay to the berries... Potato clay is a very fine clay found at the foot of the mesas. It is mixed with water to the consistency of thick cream and then used as a dip to neutralize the acid in wild potatoes or to add flavor and minerals to food. 1986 Jrnl. Chem. Ecol. 12 642 Potato clays are used habitually with a resource which otherwise is only modestly exploitable because of the presence of weak but quantitative toxins. 2005 P. W. Abrahams Ess. of Med. Geol. xvii. 450/1 The importance of these ‘potato clays’ can be judged from the suggestion that because all wild potatoes are poisonous to humans, the domestication of the modern potato..may have required geophagy at first. potato creeper n. = potato vine n. (b). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > American or West Indian water withy1559 West Indian China-root1577 savannah flower1696 water withe1696 Spanish woodbine1731 potato vine1750 Indian grass1753 seven-year vine1756 tropaeolum1759 woodbine1760 water vine1774 canariensis1835 Philodendron1840 Monstera1858 twig-climber1900 money bush1924 potato creeper1925 sweetheart plant1963 1925 H. F. Macmillan Trop. Gardening & Planting (ed. 3) 129 (caption) Solanum wendlandii. Giant Potato-creeper. 1928 K. Gough Garden Bk. for Malaya xii. 205 Several attractive flowering creepers, sometimes called ‘Potato Creepers’ belong to this large genus. 1988 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 27 Apr. 39/6 The vine is Solanum seaforthianum, commonly known as potato creeper. potato crisp n. chiefly British a very thin slice of potato fried until crisp; now (chiefly in plural): food of this sort produced commercially, typically salted or flavoured and sold packaged in bags to be eaten as a savoury snack; = potato chip n. (c). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps Saratoga chips1869 chip1871 potato chip1893 potato straw1895 potato crisp1921 crisp1929 twiglet1932 potato stick1937 nacho1948 potato puff1972 kettle chips1980 1921 Times 4 June 14/3 H. Kay, T. H. Garrett, and J. W. Fowler, manufacturers of potato crisps. 1970 New Yorker 26 Sept. 125/1 His mum..leaves him a florin..for some ginger pop and potato crisps. 2004 Food & Trav. May 63/1 First off is a seared carpaccio of venison with raspberry ice cream, potato crisps, vanilla oil and chocolate sauce. potato curl n. disused a disease of potatoes in which the leaves and young stems yellow and wither, caused by the fungi of the genus Verticillium, esp. V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae; = curl n. 4 (now usually called Verticillium wilt). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes potato blight1845 potato disease1845 potato murrain1845 potato rot1845 potato curl1887 late blight1893 black scab1908 wart disease1915 black wart1950 1778 Lett. to Agric. Soc. at Manch. on Cause of Curled Dis. in Potatoes 18 The most probable cause of the curl in potatoes.] 1887 Nicholson's Dict. Gard. III. 207/2 The means employed to limit the spread of Potato Rot..are equally applicable against Potato Curl. 1937 Times 14 Aug. 13/6 Potato ‘curl’ was known in the eighteenth century, but its nature began to be elucidated by Quanjer in Holland about 1914-16. potato cyst nematode n. either of the nematodes Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis (formerly believed to be a single species), which damage the green parts of potato and tomato plants, and can be seen (as small egg-filled cysts) on their roots; also called potato root eelworm. ΚΠ 1960 R. D. Winslow in J. N. Sasser & W. D. Jenkins Nematology vii. xxxvi. 395/1 The geographical distribution of..H[eterodera] rostochiensis, the golden or potato cyst nematode..is fairly well known. 1994 New Scientist 10 Dec. 21/2 The golden potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) and the white potato cyst nematode (G. pallida) together cause damage worth £300 million in Europe alone. potato disease n. a disease affecting potato plants; spec. = potato blight n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes potato blight1845 potato disease1845 potato murrain1845 potato rot1845 potato curl1887 late blight1893 black scab1908 wart disease1915 black wart1950 1845 A. H. Clough Corr. 2 Nov. (1957) I. 118 Potato-disease and abolition of corn-laws. 1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1886) 153 He is equally at home with the potato-disease. 1909 B. M. Duggar Fungous Dis. Plants x. 165 The late blight and rot of the potato is so generally known that frequently this malady is simply called the ‘potato disease’. 1959 A. Beaumont Dis. Farm Crops iv. 66 Diseases of potatoes... Common scab (Actinomyces scabies). This is probably the commonest potato disease, particularly in the drier parts of England. 1991 Potato Marketing Materials (BNC) When a potato disease called blight devastated the Irish crop in 1845, 1846 and again in 1848 the entire population faced famine and starvation. potato dumpling n. a dumpling whose ingredients include potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > dumplings dumpling1600 Norfolk dumpling1600 macaroni1616 doughboy1685 pot-ball1688 potato dumpling1765 fungee1789 hop-about1820 knödel1827 johnnycake1831 dough ball1836 Salzburger nockerl1855 pierogi1863 gnocchi1891 cob1898 matzo ball1902 knaidel1903 pizzelle1912 knish1916 mandlen1944 shumai1951 nockerl1954 potsticker1963 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake potato cake1747 potato dumpling1765 potato ball1817 potato pancake1856 potato puff1871 potato latke1927 1765 London Mag. July 351 They also make..potatoe dumplings boiled, made the same way as the potatoe oven-cakes. 1912 M. B. Brown Just Use-it-Up vi. 139 Potato dumpling. This is a very well-known dish in North Germany. 1974 ‘D. Craig’ Dead Liberty xvii. 100 Dravier asked for roast pork and potato dumplings. 2000 M. Evans et al. World Food: Italy 33 Gnocchi. Small potato dumplings that, at their best, are as light as a cloud. Typically served with tomato sauce or meat ragù.., or sometimes baked. potato-eater n. slang (usually derogatory) a person who habitually eats potatoes, esp. an Irish person (in quot. 1871, an Englishman from the point of view of an Afrikaner). ΚΠ 1796 W. Beddoes Lett. to Rt. Hon. Wm. Pitt on Means relieving present Scarcity 29 How far a small quantity may be taken by the Irish potatoe-eaters at, or instantly before the meal, is another question. 1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Nov. 642/1 Harkee, you bog-trotting potato-eater, if you don't make less noise with that cat-call of yours, I'll be after sending one aloft who will speedily change your music. 1871 J. Mackenzie Ten Years North of Orange River i. 16 I have heard ‘potato-eater’ employed by them [sc. Dutch farmers] as a contemptuous term for an Englishman! 1917 Sci. Monthly Oct. 351 The Irish potato-eater was doomed to a subordinate position in comparison to the English, who used a more costly food. 1991 A. Nikiforuk Fourth Horseman vii. 112 The potato-eaters formed secret societies and planned the assassination of English landlords and informers. The potato..nourished gangs of Oak Boys, Ribbon Men and White Boys. † potato-eel n. Obsolete rare = potato eelworm n.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-eel, a small threadworm or nematoid, of the family Anguillulidæ, infesting the potato. potato eelworm n. any of various nematodes infesting potatoes, esp. = potato cyst nematode n.; also called potato root eelworm. ΚΠ 1911 S. B. Doten & P. Frandsen in Nevada Agric. Exper. Station Bull. 76 1 (title) The potato eelworm. 1948 W. A. R. Dillon-Weston & R. E. Taylor Plant in Health & Dis. xi. 82 Potato Eelworm. There are two distinct kinds of eelworm that attack the potato, the Root Eelworm (Heterodera rostochiensis), and the Stem Eelworm (Anguillulina dipsaci). 1985 Jrnl. Operational Res. Soc. 36 58 Maris Piper..is susceptible to scab and viruses but is resistant to one potato eelworm and is of superior cooking quality. potato eye n. a bud of a potato tuber: see eye n.¹ 10b(a). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > excrescence, bud, or fruit eye?1440 potato apple1663 potato eye1733 eyehole1782 potato bean1805 potato ball1817 seed ball1821 1733 Pract. Husbandman & Planter I. iii. 80 You are to place your Potato-Eyes, as they were before prepared, at about five or six Inches asunder. 1865 Sci. Amer. 16 Sept. 183/2 The specifications describe..a process of converting this starch into grape sugar. It is the well-known process of steeping the starch in very dilute sulphuric acid, with some slight modifications, one being the introduction of ‘the extract of potato eyes’. 1926 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53 433 The solanin is most abundant..in the neighborhood of the potato eyes. 1991 Sci. News 24 Aug. 125/1 Almonds, cinnamon, cumin and thyme contain aromatic aldehydes and alcohols that destroy the potato eye. potato failure n. the failure of a potato crop; cf. potato famine n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine > of specific food or crop potato failure1845 potato famine1846 Great Famine1849 Great Hunger1910 1845 E. S. Cayley Lett. to Ld. John Russell (1846) i. 9 The deficiency caused by the potato failure will be in some measure compensated by the unusually large crops of oats, barley, and beans. 1915 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 2 436 If the tuber-bearing stolons are the seat of injury, the food supply is cut off from the young tubers and there may result ‘little potato’, a form of the disease which Rolfs ('04) has found to be an important cause of the potato failures in Colorado. 1978 R. Mitchison Life in Scotl. vi. 112 If we compare the state of crofting families—sustained, in squalid poverty, through the potato failure of 1846 by their landowners—with the hardships of the..urban poor..in the early 1840's [etc.]. 2004 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 12 Mar. e1 The Great Hunger, the devastating potato failure that left more than a million Irish dead between 1845 and 1850, and propelled another million into exile. potato famine n. famine caused by the failure of a potato crop; spec. (also Potato Famine) that in Ireland which began in 1845. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > scarcity of food or famine > of specific food or crop potato failure1845 potato famine1846 Great Famine1849 Great Hunger1910 1846 Littell's Living Age 3 Jan. 39/2 The whig alarmists mean something more than an Irish potato famine; they mean a corn dearth in England. 1853 U.S. Rev. June 530 ‘Do you know what becomes of the tenantry at present ejected from estates in Ireland?’ ‘I fear very many of them perish.’ And this was before the potato famine. 1875 J. O'Rourke Hist. Great Irish Famine vii. 196 To have met the Potato Famine with anything like complete success, would have been a Herculean task for any government. 1974 P. Lovesey Invitation to Dynamite Party ii. 27 He was an Irishman whose family emigrated at the time of the potato famine. 2001 TES Primary July 54/1 This moving account of a young woman's experiences during 18 months of the potato famine deserves attention as a stand-alone diary-novel. potato fern n. (a) chiefly Australian a fern of the genus Marattia (the para or king fern); (b) any of several tropical South American ferns of the genus Solanopteris (family Polypodiaceae), the rhizomes of which contain specialized sacs that are inhabited by ants. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > horseshoe fern or part king fern1829 para1869 potato fern1881 synangium1881 horseshoe-fern1898 1881 F. M. Bailey Fern World Austral. 24 Potatoe Fern. 1974 Brenesia 4 37 The potato ferns are unique in the New World for possessing hollowed tuber-like modified stems frequently containing ants. 1987 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. 544 Solanopteris Copel. Polypodiaceae... S. bifrons..(potato fern). Tubers inhabited by Azteca & other ants. 2003 Cairns Post (Nexis) 23 May 39 The moisture-loving potato fern, with arching 3m long fronds. † potato finger n. [with reference to the supposed aphrodisiac quality of the sweet potato] figurative Obsolete a finger which incites lust; (perhaps) a penis. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual desire > [noun] > aphrodisiac > specific cantharides?1541 potato1565 hippomane1580 potato finger1609 hippomane1756 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. ii. 56 How the diuell Luxury with his fat rumpe and potato finger, tickles together. potato flake n. a flake of dehydrated mashed potato; chiefly in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > potato > dried potato potato flake1917 Pom1947 1917 Times 16 Feb. 5/6 Liquid resin, resin soap, and potato flakes have been added to the list of articles the export of which is prohibited in Sweden. 1920 Amer. Econ. Rev. 10 135 (list) Potato flake manufacture. 1994 Outdoor Canada May 28/1 Backpacker stoves soon had two pots of water on a simmer. One was for the mandatory tea; in the other, we tossed some macaroni, onion flakes, potato flakes, [etc.]. potato fly n. U.S. any of various blister beetles (family Meloidae) esp. of the genera Lytta and Cantharis, infesting potato vines and other plants. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Heteromera > family Meloidae > member of genus Epicauta potato fly1806 1806 in R. B. Thomas Farmer's Almanack for 1807 sig. H The potatoe fly, or bug, appears about the first of July. 1861 Amer. Agriculturist July 194/2 If the potato fly (Cantharis vittata) is injuring the vines, many may be destroyed by two persons sweeping the field with a sheet held by the four corners, in the form of a bag. 1882 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 9 130 One year this tree was nearly stripped of its leaves by a cloud of potato-flies (the blistering fly). 1996 Economist (U.S. ed.) (Nexis) 6 Apr. s8 There is also a scientific laboratory, where in a series of temperature-controlled rooms technicians are growing organic pesticides to fight potato fly. potato fungus n. a parasitic fungus, Phytophthora infestans, which attacks the leaves, stems, and tubers of potato-plants, causing potato blight. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants > potato fungus potato fungus1857 Phytophthora1925 1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. §637 The common mould of paste,..the green mould of cheese... The Potato-fungus. 1888 Athenæum 28 Jan. 119/1 Preparations showing the entrance of the potato fungus into the host-plant. 1979 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 39 323 Such a crisis occurred in 1846–1850 when the harvests of potatoes, the staple food of most smallholders, failed in the wake of an epidemic of potato fungus. 2003 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 28 Feb. f1 OMYA uses the same agricultural pesticides that are employed to control potato fungus and preserve oranges. potato graip n. British and U.S. regional a potato fork (see graip n. 1). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop potato digger1795 picker1805 potato graip1844 potato hook1856 potato lifter1858 spinner1923 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1125 There are two modes of lifting potatoes, namely, with the plough, and with the potato-graip. 1866 Gardeners' Chron. 21 Apr. 373/2 It is a pleasure to see an Irishman working con amore with a spade or hoe, but above all with a Potato graip. 1906 Trans. Highland & Agric. Soc. Scotl. 18 iv. 59 In the early potato-growing districts,..the potato graip or fork is the only implement in general use. 1960 Agric. Mechanization (Econ. Comm. for Europe, United Nations) 13 28 A man uses a special potato graip to put the potatoes in the hopper. 2000 H. Holmes As Good as Holiday v. 38 The most widespread [hand tool]..was the fork, ‘potato graip’ or ‘tattie graip’, a short shafted graip, with three or four prongs, flattened to prevent the potatoes from being damaged. † potato grant n. Obsolete (in the Caribbean) a piece of land granted to a slave for the growing of potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > land granted to slave potato grant1859 1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) 335 Potato Grant, a patch of land for growing vegetables formerly granted by the owner to each of his slaves: West Indies. potato-headed adj. derogatory having a head resembling a potato; (also) thickheaded, dull, stupid. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective] sloweOE stuntc960 dullOE hardOE stuntlyc1000 sotc1050 dillc1175 dulta1225 simplea1325 heavy1340 astonedc1374 sheepishc1380 dull-witteda1387 lourd1390 steerishc1411 ass-likea1425 brainless?a1439 deafc1440 sluggishc1450 short-witted1477 obtuse1509 peakish1519 wearish1519 deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520 doileda1522 gross1526 headlessa1530 stulty1532 ass-headed1533 pot-headed1533 stupid?1541 sheep's head1542 doltish1543 dumpish1545 assish1548 blockish1548 slow-witted1548 blockheaded1549 surd1551 dull-headed1552 hammer-headed1552 skit-brained?1553 buzzardly1561 witless1562 log-headeda1566 assy1566 sottish1566 dastardly1567 stupidious1567 beetle-headed1570 calvish1570 bluntish1578 cod's-headed1578 grout-headed1578 bedaft1579 dull-pated1580 blate1581 buzzard-like1581 long-eared1582 dullard1583 woodena1586 duncical1588 leaden-headed1589 buzzard1592 dorbellical1592 dunstical1592 heavy-headeda1593 shallow-brained1592 blunt-witted1594 mossy1597 Bœotian1598 clay-brained1598 fat1598 fat-witted1598 knotty-pated1598 stupidous1598 wit-lost1599 barren1600 duncifiedc1600 lourdish1600 stockish1600 thick1600 booby1603 leaden-pated1603 partless1603 thin-headed1603 leaden-skulledc1604 blockhead1606 frost-brained1606 ram-headed1608 beef-witted1609 insulse1609 leaden-spirited1609 asininec1610 clumse1611 blockheadly1612 wattle-headed1613 flata1616 logger-headeda1616 puppy-headeda1616 shallow-patedc1616 thick-brained1619 half-headed1621 buzzard-blinda1625 beef-brained1628 toom-headed1629 thick-witted1634 woollen-witted1635 squirrel-headed1637 clod-pated1639 lean-souled1639 muddy-headed1642 leaden-witteda1645 as sad as any mallet1645 under-headed1646 fat-headed1647 half-witted1647 insipid1651 insulsate1652 soft-headed1653 thick-skulleda1657 muddish1658 non-intelligent1659 whey-brained1660 sap-headed1665 timber-headed1666 leather-headeda1668 out of (one's) tree1669 boobily1673 thoughtless1673 lourdly1674 logger1675 unintelligenta1676 Bœotic1678 chicken-brained1678 under-witted1683 loggerhead1684 dunderheaded1692 unintelligible1694 buffle-headed1697 crassicc1700 numbskulled1707 crassous1708 doddy-polled1708 haggis-headed1715 niddy-noddy1722 muzzy1723 pudding-headed1726 sumphish1728 pitcher-souleda1739 duncey1743 hebete1743 chuckheaded1756 dumb1756 duncely1757 imbecile1766 mutton-headed1768 chuckle-headed1770 jobbernowl1770 dowfarta1774 boobyish1778 wittol1780 staumrel1787 opaquec1789 stoopid1791 mud-headed1793 borné1795 muzzy-headed1798 nog-headed1800 thick-headed1801 gypit1804 duncish1805 lightweight1809 numbskull1814 tup-headed1816 chuckle-pate1820 unintellectuala1821 dense1822 ninnyish1822 dunch1825 fozy1825 potato-headed1826 beef-headed1828 donkeyish1831 blockheadish1833 pinheaded1837 squirrel-minded1837 pumpkin-headed1838 tomfoolish1838 dundering1840 chicken-headed1842 like a bump on a log1842 ninny-minded1849 numbheadeda1852 nincompoopish1852 suet-brained1852 dolly1853 mullet-headed1853 sodden1853 fiddle-headed1854 numb1854 bovine1855 logy1859 crass1861 unsmart1861 off his chump1864 wooden-headed1865 stupe1866 lean-minded1867 duffing1869 cretinous1871 doddering1871 thick-head1873 doddling1874 stupido1879 boneheaded1883 woolly-headed1883 leaden-natured1889 suet-headed1890 sam-sodden1891 dopey1896 turnip-headed1898 bonehead1903 wool-witted1905 peanut-headed1906 peanut-brained1907 dilly1909 torpid-minded1909 retardate1912 nitwitted1917 meat-headed1918 mug1922 cloth-headed1925 loopy1925 nitwit1928 lame-brained1929 dead from the neck up1930 simpy1932 nail-headed1936 square-headed1936 dingbats1937 pinhead1939 dim-witted1940 pea-brained1942 clueless1943 lobotomized1943 retarded1949 pointy-headed1950 clottish1952 like a stunned mullet1953 silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954 out to lunch1955 pin-brained1958 dozy1959 eejity1964 out of one's tiny mind1965 doofus1967 twitty1967 twittish1969 twatty1975 twattish1976 blur1977 dof1979 goofus1981 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 numpty1992 cockish1996 1826 Times 5 July 3/2 The dull defective member being unable to take the joke, he was called a thick, potato-headed Irishman. 1832 G. C. Lewis Let. 14 Nov. (1870) 22 The potato-headed jury. 1962 B. Moore Answer from Limbo 45 Enormous paintings of potatoheaded creatures on all the walls. 1991 Guardian (Nexis) 21 Jan. A wing collar can draw attention to the hitherto unnoticed cheekbones of even the most potato-headed fellow. potato hook n. an implement with bent prongs used for digging up potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > tools for lifting root crop potato digger1795 picker1805 potato graip1844 potato hook1856 potato lifter1858 spinner1923 1856 Trans. Michigan Agric. Soc. 7 53 Six Patridge's..potatoe hooks. 1874 2nd Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1873–4 551 Then with axes, potato hooks, and bog hoes, the turf was all peeled off. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1776/1 Potato-hook, an implement with bent tines, used in digging potatoes. 1952 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 42 115 There are three firms engaged in the manufacture of..scythes, axes, potato hooks, hoes, and numerous related articles. 2001 C. H. Wendel Encycl. Antique Tools & Machinery 85/2 Technically, these two items were classified as Potato Hooks, but sometimes they were called bent forks as well. potato-ivory n. now rare an ivory substitute made using potatoes. ΚΠ 1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Aug. 574/2 Potato-ivory..of creamy whiteness..is now made from good potatoes washed in dilute sulphuric acid, then boiled in the same solution until they become solid and dense. 1999 rec.org.sca (Usenet newsgroup) 4 Feb. (heading) Potato ivory & amber. † potato-jaw n. slang Obsolete rare the mouth. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun] moutheOE billa1000 munc1400 mussa1529 mouc1540 gan1567 gob1568 bouche1582 oven1593 taster1596 Pipe Office1609 neba1616 gab1681 gam1724 mouthpiece1738 potato-trap1785 potato-jaw1791 fly-trapc1795 trap1796 mouthie1801 mug1820 gin-trap1824 rattletrap1824 box1830 mouf1836 bread trap1838 puss1844 tater-trap1846 gash1852 kissing trap1854 shop1855 north and south1858 mooey1859 kisser1860 gingerbread-trap1864 bazoo1877 bake1893 tattie-trap1894 yap1900 smush1930 gate1937 cakehole1943 motormouth1976 pie hole1983 geggie1985 1791 F. Burney Diary 4 June (1842) V. 209 ‘Hold your potato-jaw, my dear’, cried the Duke [of Clarence], patting her [sc. Mrs. Schwellenberg]. potato latke n. (in Jewish cookery) a pancake made with grated potato. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake potato cake1747 potato dumpling1765 potato ball1817 potato pancake1856 potato puff1871 potato latke1927 1927 Amer. Mercury Feb. 206 Luscious potato latkes—pancakes made of grated, raw potatoes, [etc.]. 1974 Times 15 Oct. 13/8 He really does need a few more of my potato lutkas. 1992 Tucson (Arizona) Weekly 29 Jan. 24/2 Claassen grew up on ethnic foods like noodle pudding, matzo ball soup, potato latkes, and tagelah. potato leafhopper n. a small, bright green leafhopper, Empoasca fabae, which is a common North American pest of a wide variety of plants including field crops and various trees, feeding chiefly on the vascular tissue of young leaves and causing them to wither. ΚΠ 1918 Science 23 Aug. 194 A careful study by the writer showed that in every case the injury was directly proportional to the number of potato leafhoppers (Empoasca mali LeB.) present. 1949 G. H. Harold Forage Crops xxxvii. 373 Insect pests such as the potato leaf hopper and the clover weevil do severe damage to the alfalfa and clover crops. 2004 Columbus Dispatch (Ohio) (Nexis) 27 June i. 15 I think you are seeing injury from the potato leafhopper. The adult insect is about an eighth of an inch long, pale green and wedge-shaped. potato loaf n. a loaf of potato bread. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > other types of loaf white loafeOE barley loafc950 French loafc1350 pease loafc1390 penny loaf1418 jannock?a1500 household loaf1565 boon-loaf1679 farmhouse loaf1795 cottage loaf1829 potato loaf1831 sod1836 Coburg1843 sweet roll1851 stale1874 Hovis1890 Sally Lunn1901 bloomer loaf1937 wholemeal1957 baguette1958 1831 Encycl. Brit. IV. 302/2 The same price is taken for a potato loaf. 1962 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 8 Oct. 12 Old-fashioned potato loaves... One medium potato, one cup milk, [etc.]. 2004 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Northwestern (Nexis) 26 June b1 There is also Kugela, a potato loaf and Klutski, a raw potato dumpling. potato masher n. an implement for mashing cooked potatoes, consisting of a perforated flat plate or wire framework (formerly, a solid wooden cylinder) attached to a handle; (also) something that resembles this, spec. (a) Military slang (more fully potato-masher grenade) a type of hand grenade whose shape resembles that of a potato masher; (b) slang a drumstick. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > masher or crusher potato-beetle1821 potato masher1835 masher1849 potato-smasher1858 sugar-crusher1870 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun] > drumstick sticka1398 tabor-stick1486 drumstick1589 tapskin1605 drum stave1832 potato masher1835 baguette1876 wire brush1927 brush1955 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > grenade trombe1562 grenade1591 grenado1611 granata1637 hand grenade1637 bag-granado1638 shell1647 glass-grenade1664 globe1672 flask1769 petrol bomb1903 rifle grenade1909 hairbrush1916 Mills1916 pineapple bomb1916 stick grenade1917 fragmentation bomb1918 pineapple1918 potato-masher grenade1925 spitball1925 Molotov cocktail1940 sticky bomb1940 stick-bomb1941 red devila1944 stun grenade1977 flash-bang1982 1835 Daily Evening News (Jeffersonville, Indiana) 25 Sept. The couple were the recipients of many nice presents, among them the following:..Mrs. Sarah Holloway, potato masher. 1837 Friend (Philadelphia) 7 Feb. 141/2 After being well boiled they were mashed up well with the common potato masher. 1855 Chicago Times 16 Jan. 4/1 Butter moulds and stamps, ladles, rolling pins, potato mashers..at Hollister's Bazaar. 1890 Amer. Anthropologist 3 59 These macanes, or ‘potato-mashers’, as the soldiers used to call them, are well described by their nickname. 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 439/3 Tinned wire Potato Masher, wood handle. 1918 Arms & Man 5 Oct. 32 While little danger exists at ten feet from one of the German ‘potato mashers’, almost certain death results if the victim is standing about twelve yards from a grenade such as is used by the allied forces. 1925 E. Fraser & J. Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 229 Potato-masher grenade, the name given a species of German hand-grenade, resembling in form a domestic potato-masher. 1943 Far Eastern Surv. 12 87/2 A favorite guerilla weapon is the hand grenade, potato-masher type, manufactured locally. 1945 L. Shelly Hepcats Jive Talk Dict. 31/1 Potato masher, drumstick. 1986 D. A. Dye Platoon (1987) ix. 219 His round eyes were locked on the three ChiCom potato-masher grenades. 1997 BBC Vegetarian Good Food Apr. 53/1 Crush some of the vegetables with a potato masher to thicken the soup. potato-mill n. now rare a mill for processing potatoes, esp. a mill for grinding potatoes to flour. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > grinder mortareOE mortle1570 mill1588 metate1625 potato-mill1812 food mill1857 Moulinette1936 Mouli1937 mouli-légumes1959 moulin à legumes1959 moulin1962 1812 J. Sinclair Acct. Syst. Husbandry Scotl. i. 339 It resembles a potatoe-mill. 1878 Proc. Royal Soc. 28 452 Probably the best way of obtaining pure starch from these animals would be by imitating the mechanical process of the potato mill. 2005 Wichita (Kansas) Eagle (Nexis) 26 Aug. b6 Sullivan estimated the building has been vacant for about 20 years. She said she heard it was once a potato mill, built in 1917. potato moth n. = potato tuber moth n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types > gnorimoschema operculella (potato tuber moth) potato moth1854 potato tuber moth1892 1854 E. Emmons Agric. N.Y. V. xxi. 219 Sphinx quinquemaculatus... This is the common potato-moth, the larva of which descends into the earth to transform. 1926 R. J. Tillyard Insects Austral. & N.Z. xxviii. 426 The Potato Moth..is an introduced pest of potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco in both countries. 2004 Food & Agric. Rep. (Nexis) 15 Dec. Russian inspectors have returned some consignments of new potatoes infected by potato moths. potato mould n. = potato blight n. ΚΠ 1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 465 The potato-mould is the Peronospora infestans Caspary, and were it not for its effects, would be regarded by every one of taste as a beautiful object. 1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-mold, same as potato-rot. 1966 S. Heaney Digging in Sel. Poems (1990) 2 The cold smell of potato mould, the squelch and slap Of soggy peat. potato-mouth v. rare (transitive) to mutter, speak unintelligibly. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > manner of speaking > say in a particular manner [verb (transitive)] > mutter or mumble muttera1425 mumblec1450 murmurc1460 blabber?a1513 palter?1548 fumble1555 flummer1563 chaw1570 buzz1583 mumpa1586 demurmurate1641 loll1655 muttera1690 swallowa1791 sough1821 hummera1860 lip1887 mum-mumble1917 potato-mouth1937 rhubarb1958 1937 Daily Express 17 Mar. 6/4 Lewis, square, heavy-browed, stentorian, also potato-mouthed some words, seemed bothered by having to stick to text. potato-mouthed adj. rare = mealy-mouthed adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective] > mealy-mouthed meal-mouthed1570 mealy-mouthed1571 mealmouth1575 potato-mouthed1930 1930 J. Dos Passos 42nd Parallel iv. 313 You know what we'd do if we had a man in the White House instead of a yellow-bellied potatomouthed reformer..? We'd..clean this place up. potato murrain n. now historical = potato blight n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes potato blight1845 potato disease1845 potato murrain1845 potato rot1845 potato curl1887 late blight1893 black scab1908 wart disease1915 black wart1950 1845 Times 18 Oct. 5/1 Our Crookhaven correspondent..assures us that since he last wrote the potato murrain has made its appearance. 1941 Econ. Hist. Rev. 11 112 It is to the credit of the Board of Agriculture, appointed in 1889, over forty years after the stern lesson of the potato murrain..that it bent its early energies to the promotion of the study of these subjects [sc. fungi]. 1999 D. Ingram & N. Robertson Plant Dis. i. 13 There was similar uncertainty about the cause of the potato murrain (now called ‘potato blight’ or in America ‘late blight’). potato-nose n. a bulbous or swollen nose. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > nose > [noun] > types of nose snoutc1330 hawk-nose1534 bottlenose1553 saddle nose?c1599 snut-nose1603 tooter1638 bridgea1658 hook-nose1687 button1696 snub nose1724 pug nose1769 Roman1821 Grecian nose1830 snub1830 potato-nose1853 squash nose1882 number six nose1923 1853 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Homes of New World II. 532 Our full-moon countenances, and noses which come directly out of them like a handle, or a projecting point of rock, are not seen here; neither are potato-noses, like my own. 1881 M. E. Braddon Asphodel I. 119 You wouldn't love a man with a potato-nose or a pimply complexion, if he were morally the most perfect creature in the universe. 1979 B. Malamud Dubin's Lives viii. 308 Dubin glimpsed, through a haze of webbed purple capillaries within, a potato nose. 2005 Sunday Times (Nexis) 27 Feb. 21 Look beyond Davis's SAS service and his potato nose (broken five times). potato oats n. a variety of oat. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > oats > the oat plant or variety of the oat oateOE purr oats1578 skeg1598 Polish oat1669 Poland oat1683 Poland1692 potato oats1801 swine-oat1819 fatuoid1922 1801 Farmer's Mag. Apr. 230 Another kind of oats has been introduced here, which was brought from Cumberland about two years ago, very much like the small Dutch, and commonly called potatoe oats. 1855 Poultry Chron. 3 19/1 From the circumstance of having been originally found growing among these foreign potatoes, it was called Potato Oats. 1978 A. Fenton Northern Isles xli. 336 Sandy, early Angus, and potato oats were sown..in Shapinsay. † potato-oil n. Obsolete fusel oil derived from the distillation of potatoes. ΚΠ 1848 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 138 148 The method he pursued was that used by Dumas with such success for the conversion of alcohol into acetic acid; of potatoe oil into valerianic acid; and for other similar transformations. 1881 Science 15 Jan. 24/2 A. Schmitz claims that these residues contain a poison similar to that present in potato-oil. 1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-oil, same as oil of potatoes. potato onion n. a variety of onion, Allium cepa var. ( aggregatum), in which new bulbs are produced in a cluster at the base of the plant. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > onion, leek, or garlic > [noun] > onion > types of onion hollekec1000 scallion1393 sybow1574 Portugal onion1647 shallot1664 Spanish onion1706 eschalot1707 Welsh onion1731 Reading onion1784 onionet1820 potato onion1822 tripoli1822 ramps1828 escalion1847 stone-leek1861 Egyptian onion1880 cocktail onion1927 Maui onion1967 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > onion, leek, or garlic > onion > other types of onion hollekec1000 chibol1362 scallion1393 oniona1398 chesbollc1410 oinet?1440 red onionc1450 sybow1574 green onion1577 Strasbourg onion1629 cibol1632 Portugal onion1647 Spanish onion1706 Welsh onion1731 spring onion1758 Reading1784 rareripe1788 yellow onion1816 onionet1820 potato onion1822 tripoli1822 escalion1847 stone-leek1861 Egyptian onion1880 ramp1885 multiplier1907 ramps1939 Vidalia1969 tree onion- 1822 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening iii. i. 715 Underground or potatoe onion; multiplies itself by the formation of young bulbs on the parent root, and produces an ample crop below the surface. 1890 E. Watts Mod. Pract. Gardening i. xiii. 68 The underground, or potato onion,..is so called from its habit of increasing at the bulb. 1955 W. E. Shewell-Cooper Compl. Veg. Grower x. 135 The Potato Onion..is more difficult to get hold of today. 1994 Harrowsmith Feb. 80/1 Potato onions—multiplier onions that mature to a good size early in the season. potato pancake n. a pancake in which mashed potato is a principal ingredient; (also) = potato latke n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake potato cake1747 potato dumpling1765 potato ball1817 potato pancake1856 potato puff1871 potato latke1927 1856 Putnam's Monthly Mag. July 75/2 The laborer, who had promised to undertake it [sc. planting the potato patch], had disappointed them, and they were sorrowful with the idea of having no potato-pancakes for the coming year. 1911 E. Ferber Frog & Puddle in Buttered Side Down (1941) 189 And my mother—can she cook! Well, I just don't seem able to get her potato pancakes out of my mind. 1935 L. Zara Blessed is Man i. iii. 103 She made him a heaping plateful of the fried potato pancakes so closely associated with this holiday [sc. Chanukah]. 1978 Detroit Free Press 16 Apr. (Detroit Suppl.) 28/2 With that, they bring potato pancakes which are fresh and moist on the inside, with a good crusty exterior. 1995 Arena Dec. 181/3 Try salt beef and latkes (fried potato pancakes), then finish off with a portion of lemony lokshen pudding. potato patch n. a plot of ground on which potatoes are grown. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [noun] > potato land potato patch1794 1794 E. Drinker Jrnl. 25 June (1889) 229 John brought in a Mole he found in a potato patch he was laying out. 1863 A. D. T. Whitney Faith Gartney's Girlhood xxii. 207 A hollow, beyond which were the cornfields and potato-patches. 1972 R. Adams Watership Down xxxiv. 263 The cottager..shot him [sc. a rabbit] as he came through the potato-patch at dawn. 2003 R. Ozeki All over Creation ii. 56 He..went out to tend his potato patch one day and found a seed ball! potato peeling n. (a) (chiefly in plural) strips of the peeled skin of potatoes; (b) the action of peeling potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparing fruit and vegetables > [noun] > peeling potatoes > potato peelings potato peeling1771 1771 Ann. Reg. 1770 i. Chron. 94/2 She had often been seen to pick up and devour with great eagerness potatoe peelings, and such things, as were thrown out for the dogs. 1875 A. Trollope Way we live Now II. c. 314 If her future husband would consent to live on potatoes, she would be quite satisfied with the potato-peelings. 1896 Daily News 7 Apr. 3/7 Yesterday's exhibition was enlivened by competitions in potato-peeling, boot-blacking, cookery, and recitation. 1933 ‘B. Ross’ Trag. of Z vii. 109 ‘Potato water’..was a vicious fermented brew home-made in secret by thirsty inmates out of potato peelings and other vegetable rinds. 1975 L. Gillen Return to Deepwater x. 178 She impatiently brushed them [sc. tears] away with the back of one hand before resuming her potato-peeling. 2004 New Yorker 29 Mar. 55/2 He falls into the hands of a mean owner who drives him in spite of spavins and expects him to live on potato peelings. potato pen n. †(a) (originally Nautical) a compartment for storing vegetables so that they remain fresh (obsolete); (b) a tall fenced enclosure filled with soil in which potatoes are grown in multiple layers. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Potato-pen, a wooden compartment or pen on deck, built with a view to thorough ventilation, for keeping potatoes and other vegetables during a voyage. 1895 G. T. Ridlon Saco Valley Settlem. & Families 70 Uncle Eben led his company..down into cellar and showed them his well-filled potato-pens. 1918 N.Y. State Fruit Grower Mar. 3/1 Three years ago he built what he called a ‘potato pen’, which was nothing more or less than a huge potato hill, the sides of which were supported by a loosely constructed enclosure... Within this enclosure..he planted his potatoes in thin layers of dirt and manure. 1936 Progressive Grocer Mar. 116/2 He entered the contest with his improvised potato-pen and won it. 2010 @AskJoanMorris 25 June in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Squirrels decimating our potato pen so we had an early harvest and still got two grocery bags full. potato pie n. (a) a pie made with potatoes, frequently containing meat, onions, etc.; (b) = potato pit n. (cf. pie n.² 2). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > meat dishes > [noun] > other meat dishes langue de boeuf1381 sawgeatc1390 pome-garneza1450 olive1598 potato pie1600 capilotade1611 carbonade1651 beef à la mode1653 Scots collops1657 Scotch collops1664 galantine1702 grenadine1706 scotched collops1708 à la mode beef1723 miroton1725 German duck1785 cottage pie1791 chartreuse1806 timbale1824 sanders1827 rognon1828 rolliche1830 schalet1846 old thing1848 Brunswick stew1855 scrapple1855 moussaka1862 cannelon1875 crépinette1877 shepherd's pie1877 chop suey1888 estouffade1889 noisette1891 chaudfroid1892 patty1904 boeuf bourguignon1915 sukiyaki1920 bœuf stroganoff1932 bœuf1936 flauta1938 rumaki1941 rendang1948 pastitsio1950 keema1955 bulgogi1958 moo shu1962 Melba1964 shabu-shabu1970 carpaccio1974 al pastor1977 gosht1982 parmo1999 parmesan2003 beef stroganof- the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pie > [noun] > vegetable pie potato pie1600 parsnip piea1627 parsley pie1830 (Lord) Woolton pie1941 spanakopita1944 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > store for roots root house1790 potato pie1807 yam house1910 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > pitting or clamping > pit or clamp pitc1500 hog1729 potato pie1807 silo1835 potato pit1844 clamp1881 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor ii. i. sig. F^v Feeding on Larkes, Sparrows, Potato pyes, and such good vnctuous meats. View more context for this quotation 1609 T. Dekker Guls Horne-bk. sig. B4 Potato-pies and Custards, stood like the sinfull suburbs of Cookery. 1647 H. More To Young Authour in J. Hall Poems sig. A4 Then hast thy finger in Potato pies. 1728 E. Smith Compl. Housewife (ed. 2) sig. a7^v (heading) A Bill of Fare..For June... Second Course... Potato-Pye. 1807 Compl. Farmer II. (at cited word) But the best way of storing the roots is..in what are called potatoe-pies. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Potatoe-pie, a small hillock of potatoes covered with straw, sods, and earth, to protect them from frost during the winter season. 1842 Ainsworth's Mag. 1 2 A large remnant of a potato-pie in a brown earthenware dish. 1880 S. Baring-Gould Mehalah I. xi. 211 She found the parson in his garden..making a potatoe pie for the winter. 1926 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 34 779 The consumption of potato pies seasoned with beef or mutton. 1965 in P. Jennings Living Village (1968) 61 Weather permitting, potato pies are opened and the potatoes sold to the merchants. 1997 Esquire Nov. 140/2 Herb-marinated lamb chops with a Gorgonzola-drenched potato pie. potato pit n. a shallow pit, usually covered with a mound of straw and earth, in which potatoes are stored in winter. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > pitting or clamping > pit or clamp pitc1500 hog1729 potato pie1807 silo1835 potato pit1844 clamp1881 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1129 Fig. 544 shews the 2 different forms of ordinary potato-pits, the one being conical, the other prismatic in shape. 1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 24 A line of women and girls..have just brought away from the potato pits their heavily-laden kits. 1926 Sci. Monthly Dec. 501/2 Allow water to find its way into the potato pit, and the potatoes are drowned, as man would be. 1992 J. MacKenna Fallen 136 Other times I'd check the potato pits or heel in cabbage plants. potato print n. and adj. (a) n.a print made on paper, fabric, etc., using a halved potato with the cut edge carved to form a shape in outline or relief and coated in paint or ink; a picture or design made from such prints; (b) adj. decorated or made with potato prints. ΚΠ 1932 Port Arthur (Texas) News 31 Jan. 11/1 We made potato prints for place cards. 1955 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 15 June 14/5 Services done included making potato print tray mats for the nursing home. 1998 Teach Mag. (Nexis) June Use potatoes to make potato prints—on paper, a mural, t-shirts, and windows. 2004 Gifts & Decorative Accessories (Nexis) Oct. 84 All the other third-graders were busily creating ordinary potato print paintings. potato printing n. the action of making a potato print design. ΚΠ 1939 Ironwood (Mich.) Daily Globe 25 Nov. 6/1 Girl Scouts..are working on soap carving and potato printing to be used in the creation of their Christmas presents. 2004 Independent (Nexis) 25 Sept. There are all sorts of arts-and-crafts activities for children, including potato-printing. potato puff n. a light potato fritter; (also) a potato crisp in the form of a puff (puff n. 2a). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > potato-cake potato cake1747 potato dumpling1765 potato ball1817 potato pancake1856 potato puff1871 potato latke1927 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps Saratoga chips1869 chip1871 potato chip1893 potato straw1895 potato crisp1921 crisp1929 twiglet1932 potato stick1937 nacho1948 potato puff1972 kettle chips1980 1871 ‘M. Harland’ Common Sense in Househ. 213 Potato Puff. Take two cupfuls of cold mashed potato, and stir into it two tablespoonfuls of melted butter, beating to a white cream before adding anything else. 1883 Girl's Own Paper 14 July 654/1 Potato puffs .—Chop..some cold meat or fish. Mash some potatoes and make them into a paste with an egg... Fold... Fry. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 53/3 (advt.) You'll use this dish every day. For baking and serving apples, stuffed tomatoes, potato puffs, chicken croquettes—dozens of foods. 1972 VAT: Scope & Coverage (H.M. Customs & Excise) 22 Any of the following when packaged for human consumption without further preparation, namely,..potato sticks, potato puffs and similar products made from the potato. 1990 Gourmet Nov. 178/3 Sliced rib roast with golden brown shallots and balloonlike potato puffs followed. potato race n. a race or competitive game decided by the skill and speed with which potatoes are picked up, passed on, etc. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > racing on foot > [noun] > other foot races smock-race1707 broose1786 smock-racing1790 sack running1801 torch-race1812 torch-course1839 sack race1859 potato race1865 obstacle race1869 three-legged race1876 mud run1888 egg-and-spoon race1894 cross-country1905 obstacle course1942 runathon1943 pancake race1951 fun run1960 fun running1966 1865 Dundee Courier & Argus 5 Aug. The various races—viz., Potato Race, Boys Race, Sack Race, and (Blind) Bell Race. 1882 G. B. Bartlett New Games for Parlor & Lawn 212 The Potato Race... This amusing out-of-door game requires a swift runner, with his feet well under control. 1978 ‘F. Parrish’ Sting of Honeybee i. 8 The potato race starts in three minutes. All entries to the collecting ring. 2004 Tampa Tribune (Nexis) 21 Oct. 2 Test your sporting skill with bowling, putt-putt golf,..a music circle game, potato races, lasso and a bean bag throw. potato rot n. = potato blight n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > potatoes potato blight1845 potato disease1845 potato murrain1845 potato rot1845 potato curl1887 late blight1893 black scab1908 wart disease1915 black wart1950 1845 Times 13 Oct. 7/4 Such is the alarm felt with respect to the potato rot..that many people will not even feed their cattle or pigs on the infected tubers. 1885 Times (Weekly ed.) 11 Sept. 9/1 The ‘potato-rot’ made a clean sweep of their little patches. 1926 Social Forces 5 34/2 In 1847, when one-half of the Irish subsisted on potatoes, came the potato rot and population fell off a fifth in five years. 1995 Compar. Stud. Society & Hist. 37 405 Thomas Pooley..held that potato rot could be cured by burning bibles and dispersing their ashes over fields. potato salad n. a salad consisting of pieces of (usually) cold cooked potato mixed with mayonnaise or salad dressing and other ingredients. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > salad saladc1390 round salad1578 acetar1623 acetary1657 green salad1675 sass1775 potato salad1796 Russian salad1846 egg salad1873 sunomono1900 salade niçoise1907 Spanish salad1911 Waldorf salad1911 gado-gado1924 Spanish sauce1928 panzanella1937 side salad1940 Caesar salad1946 Cobb salad1947 wedge salad1949 chaat1954 fattoush1955 tabbouleh1955 pico de gallo1958 Caesar1978 caprese1978 1796 Count Rumford Ess., Polit., Econ, & Philos. I. vii. 289 Potatoe Salad. A dish of high repute in some parts of Germany. 1842 W. Howitt Rural & Domest. Life Germany 232 This consists very much of cold sliced meat, sausages, potato-sallad and such like. 1851 G. A. Sala in Househ. Words 1 Nov. 130/1 Shops, where you can get sauerkraut and potato salad. 1861 I. M. Beeton Bk. Househ. Managem. xxv. 593 Potato Salad... Cut the potatoes into slices about ½ inch in thickness; put these into a salad-bowl with oil and vinegar [etc.]. 1952 B. Malamud Natural 184 Turkey, potato salad, cheese, and pickles. 1978 J. Symons Blackheath Poisonings i. 39 There was a tongue..a potato salad, a Russian salad and a green salad. 2004 Living Spirit Dec. 146 For mouth-watering potato salad..., dress potatoes when they are hot and then refrigerate them as they will absorb more dressing this way. potato scab n. any of various actinomycete bacteria which produce brown patches, pits, or swellings on the surface of potatoes; esp. (more fully common potato scab) Streptomyces scabies; (also) the disease caused by any of these fungi. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > caused by insects > associated with crop or food plants > scab scab1742 potato scab1882 corky scab1911 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) at Potato Potato scab, a fungous plant, the Tuburcinia scabies, found beneath the skin of the tuber of the potato, producing superficial cavities and pits. 1905 E. M. Freeman Minnesota Plant Dis. 326 It is now generally accepted the common form of potato scab in America is due to a parasitic fungus, while the European scab has a very different cause. 1953 F. T. Brooks Plant Dis. (ed. 2) v. 73 In Britain it is customary to refer all types of Common Potato Scab to the single species A[ctinomyces] scabies. 2000 Independent on Sunday 30 Jan. (Review Suppl.) 39/1 The potato is vulnerable to a plague of diseases: eelworm, potato scab, blackleg, [etc.]. potato scone n. a scone made with (usually cooked and mashed or sieved) potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > griddle cake > scone scone1513 supple scone1786 barley-scone1820 brunie1821 potato scone1885 1885 A. Edwardes Girton Girl I. vi. 136 Boiled mullet, hot potato scones, with other indigenous Guernsey dishes. 1931 D. L. Sayers Five Red Herrings Foreword We shall come back next summer to eat some more potato scones. 1989 Independent 3 June 34/1 The boiled potato squeezed out of the little holes could have the texture of flour and be suitable for making Scottish-style potato scones. potato-scoop n. (a) a tool for cutting pieces of potatoes with ‘eyes’, suitable for planting; (b) a shovel for lifting potatoes, grated to allow loose earth to fall through. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > other agricultural implements visgy1777 tomahawk1793 potato-scoop1810 rice stick1832 seed feeder1851 poniard1874 aphicide1883 thinner1943 mist blower1946 dung fork1951 wind-machine1976 1810 in R. A. Salaman Dict. Woodworking Tools & Allied Trades (1989) 256/2 Potato, and Turnip Scopes. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1776/2 Potato-scoop, a grated shovel which allows the soil to sift through while detaining the potatoes. 1936 Man 36 66/1 Within the last few years the demand for a peculiar, circular potato-scoop in the Wisbech district has ceased. 2000 Tampa Tribune (Nexis) 2 Dec. 2 He explains..what to do with a husking hook, suction stomper, glass churn, king drag, endgate seeder, heated soapstone, potato scoop or corn sheller. potato set n. a potato or part of a potato used as seed; = set n.¹ 23b. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > part of potato set1767 rose1825 1767 A. Young Farmer's Lett. 12 Dropping potatoe setts. 1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 28 July in Tour N. Wales (1797) 49 The potatoe sets are laid by line on the surface of the bog,..and the intervals beneath the rows are trenched, and the earth dug out of them laid upon the potatoes. 1849 Cultivator New Ser. 6 125 On the 16th. April..dropped potatoe sets in the drills, about nine inches apart. 1922 New Phytologist 21 254 The potato sets are very subject to disease when planted. 1979 Guardian 11 Aug. 13/7 What comes up from a potatoe set is..a clump of potato plants. 2005 Evening Times (Glasgow) (Nexis) 12 Feb. 5 Check potato sets for any signs of rotting. potato shop n. now chiefly historical a shop where (esp. cooked) potatoes are sold. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shop selling provisions > prepared food to take away > chips or fish and chips potato shop1792 fried-fish warehouse1838 chip shop1892 fried-fish shop1898 chippy1961 chipper1970 1792 Trials at Large of Capital & other Convicts (Sessions London & Middlesex) No. 6. ii. 331/2 I saw a man take the coat off the place, and go into the potatoe shop. 1834 L. Hunt London Jrnl. 3 Dec. in Ess. & Sketches 345 Blacksmiths' shops look pleasant, and potato shops detestable. 1982 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 95 257 On October 15, 1937, five workers were digging out the area over the cellar vaulting in a potato shop in the Old Town...in Stockholm. 2003 Observer (Nexis) 19 Jan. (Food Monthly Suppl.) 65 [In 1860] Joseph Malin opened the first business in London's East End selling fried fish alongside chipped potatoes which, until then, had been found only in the Irish potato shop. potato-sick adj. (of land) exhausted by successive crops of potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land suitable for cultivation > [adjective] > exhausted worn1681 sickly1697 potato-sick1834 harvestless1868 scourged1880 turnip-sick1880 soil-sick1962 desertified1980 1834 Liverpool Mercury 21 Mar. 95/5 If I state that the soil is potato sick..there is a chance that this paper will be read through. 1882 Garden 11 Mar. 164/3 The chances are it [sc. the ground] is Potatoe-sick. 1913 Science 22 Aug. 258/2 My experience with, observation on, and experiments upon potato-sick soil, flax-sick soil, wheat-sick and oat-sick soils. 1958 H. G. Sanders Outl. Brit. Crop Husbandry (ed. 3) 6 The eelworm slowly dies out and after 12 or 15 years the land is no longer ‘potato sick’ so that it can be brought back to production again. potato skin n. (a) the outer skin of a potato, potato peel (in early use also as the type of something worthless); (b) (in plural) any of various dishes consisting of pieces of cooked potato skin with most of the flesh removed, esp. when deep-fried and filled or served with dips. ΚΠ 1799 D. Tracy Let. to Mr. Denis Feagan 7 Never considering or caring to the value of a potatoe skin how it might touch the like of us. 1817 M. Edgeworth Ormond in Harrington & Ormond II. xii. 251 I should not like it—not that I mind what people say a potato skin. 1894 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ Real Charlotte III. xxxiv. 1 The sweeping of out-lying potato-skins and cinders into a chasm beneath the..hearth. 1968 Daily Times-News (Burlington, N. Carolina) 5 Jan. 10/3 The menus include..broiled lobster tail and crisp potato skins. 1992 P. McCabe Butcher Boy (1993) 125 Every day I'd collect my brock cart..and off I'd go round the houses and hotels gathering scraps of potato skins and rotten food. 2003 Metro 14 Oct. (London ed.) 22/2 Food: Mini-burgers, potato skins, fish and chips and dim sum. potato spirit n. alcohol distilled from fermented potatoes; also called potato brandy or potato whisky. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > other distilled liquor > [noun] > others koumiss1598 nugs of balm1609 rakia1613 pariah-arrack1671 stalagma1684 fenouillette1706 aguardiente1752 fennel water1757 rakia1778 mahua1810 mahua-arrack1813 kirschwasser1819 mescal1826 still-spirit1832 mobbie1833 zibib1836 potato spirit1839 mowra1846 tequila1849 Jersey lightning1852 petit baume1858 kirsch1869 mastic1876 Hoochinoo1877 mastic brandy1883 mastika1889 hooch1897 ouzo1897 milk-whisky1906 mahua spirit1920 shochu1938 mirabelle1940 tsipouro1947 mahua liquor1961 Mao-tai1962 changaa1975 reposado1982 1839 Times 28 June 7/6 I have to express my regret that you should have thought it necessary to detract from the high estimation of the ‘Veritable Cognac’, by asserting that it is mixed with corn and potato spirit. 1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 12/2 Potato-spirit is made chiefly in Germany. 1943 Econ. Jrnl. 53 377 As a result of the higher price of potatoes, all potato spirits are increased by 30%. 1993 Afr. Stud. Rev. 36 32 Schnaps, in the context of German Kamerun, referred typically to East Elben potato spirits which were more or less purified raw spirits that were mixed with water and the cheapest possible additives. potato-spraying n. the spraying of potato plants with pesticide, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of specific crops > [noun] > vegetables or pot-herbs > sprouting of potatoes > potato-spraying potato-spraying1896 1896 Times 10 Feb. 11/2 The Royal Dublin Society offer a prize of £25 for the best hand potato spraying machine. 1902 Daily Chron. 15 Apr. 8/4 The experiments in potato-spraying were continued..with satisfactory results. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 413/1 In 1894..the awards were for..oil engines, potato-spraying and tree-spraying machines [etc.]. 1966 Jrnl. Appl. Ecol. 3 10 For potato spraying, copper sprays will probably be replaced to a large extent by dithiocarbamates of zinc and manganese. 2001 Toronto Star (Nexis) 6 Sept. a7 (heading) Study links contamination to potato spraying. potato stalk borer n. the American weevil Trichobaris trinotata, the larvae of which bore within the stalks of potato plants, causing wilting. ΚΠ 1895 J. B. Smith Cut-worms New Jersey Agric. Coll. Exper. Station Bull. No. 109 1 The potato stalk-borer is probably widely distributed, but has not been generally noticed. 1928 C. L. Metcalf et al. Destructive & Useful Insects xvi. 480 Potato stalk borer... Trichobaris trinotata. 1986 Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. 79 1548 Biological studies of the potato stalk borer (PSB), Trichobaris trinotata (Say), were conducted in central Texas. potato stalk weevil n. U.S. (now rare) = potato stalk borer n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Curculionidae or genus Curculio > baridius trinotatus (potato-stalk weevil) potato stalk weevil1868 1852 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. (ed. 2) 71 Among the many insects that have been charged with being the cause of the wide-spread pestilence [in Pennsylvania], commonly called potato-rot, there is a kind of weevil that lives in the stalk of the potato.] 1868 Amer. Entomologist Oct. 22/2 The Potato-Stalk Weevil (Baridius trinotatus, Say)... This insect is more peculiarly a southern species. 1887 Nicholson's Dict. Gard. III. 209/1 Still another American beetle that injures Potato crops is the Potato-stalk Weevil (Baridius trinotatus). 1902 F. H. Chittenden Some Insects Injurious to Veg. Crops U.S. Dept. Agric. Div. Entomol. Bull. No. 33 11 The potato stalk weevil is also known as the potato stalk borer. 1923 F. H. Chittenden & W. A. Orton Increasing Potato Crop by Spraying (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. 1349) 1 Some of those [insects] which feed in the stalks and tubers, viz, the potato stalk-weevil, the common stalk-borer, [etc.], also are very injurious in certain areas. 1949 Proc. Pennsylvania Acad. Sci. 23 121 It has been shown that about 33% of the ground cherry plants are infested with the potato stalk weevil. 1962 R. Wyniger Pests in Warm Climates §689. 362 (caption) Potato stalk weevil. potato stick n. a thin stick of potato fried until crisp; a small crisp potato chip. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps Saratoga chips1869 chip1871 potato chip1893 potato straw1895 potato crisp1921 crisp1929 twiglet1932 potato stick1937 nacho1948 potato puff1972 kettle chips1980 1937 N.Y. Herald Tribune 20 May 22/6 Potato sticks—French fried potatoes, shoestring style, are on the market in cans, crisp and golden. 1986 Jrnl. (Fairfax County, Va.) 23 May a6 Wednesday—Hamburger on roll, potato sticks, pineapple, milk. 2001 N.Y. Mag. 20 Aug. 71/1 The new line of Terra Frites..is a crunchy cross between French fries and those Durkee's potato-sticks-in-a-can. potato stone n. Geology (now rare) = geode n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > concretionary or nodular > geode geode1623 geodite1802 potato stone1824 thunder egg1951 1824 W. Buckland & W. D. Conybeare in Trans. Geol. Soc. 1 292 These geodes are called..Potatoe stones. 1895 J. W. Anderson Prospector's Handbk. (ed. 6) 97 Heliotrope.., firestone and quartz cat's eye, potato-stone, &c. 1984 Observer 4 Mar. (Mag.) 70/1 A potato stone, so called because it looks like a potato, split in half to display its amethyst interior. potato straw n. a very thin stick of potato fried until crisp; usually in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > fried potatoes > crisps Saratoga chips1869 chip1871 potato chip1893 potato straw1895 potato crisp1921 crisp1929 twiglet1932 potato stick1937 nacho1948 potato puff1972 kettle chips1980 1895 ‘M. Ronald’ Cent. Cook Bk. i. facing p. 82 (caption) Fluted knife for cutting potato straws. 1906 Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) xxx. 861 Potato Straws... Slice the potatoes thinly, cut them into strips about 1½ inches long... Fry the straws..until crisp. 1998 P. Chapman 1999 Good Curry Guide 110 [Indian] regional main-course dishes, such as Parsee Jardaloo Sali Boti, lamb cooked with apricot, and garnished with potato straws. potato top n. that part of a potato plant which grows above the ground; chiefly in plural. ΚΠ 1754 J. Lodge Peerage of Ireland II. 251 The Besieged for a long Time fed upon Horses, Dogs, Cats, Bean-leaves, Potato-tops and Cow-hides. 1852 E. F. Ellet Pioneer Women of West 369 Her family had lived on potato tops..till something better could be raised. 1943 Sci. Monthly Sept. 236/2 Silage is..made from potato-tops, sugar-beet-tops and grasses from lawns. 1999 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 12 June 24 While it [sc. blight] sometimes finishes off the potato tops earlier than I like, tubers are rarely affected. potato-trap n. slang (now rare) the mouth. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [noun] moutheOE billa1000 munc1400 mussa1529 mouc1540 gan1567 gob1568 bouche1582 oven1593 taster1596 Pipe Office1609 neba1616 gab1681 gam1724 mouthpiece1738 potato-trap1785 potato-jaw1791 fly-trapc1795 trap1796 mouthie1801 mug1820 gin-trap1824 rattletrap1824 box1830 mouf1836 bread trap1838 puss1844 tater-trap1846 gash1852 kissing trap1854 shop1855 north and south1858 mooey1859 kisser1860 gingerbread-trap1864 bazoo1877 bake1893 tattie-trap1894 yap1900 smush1930 gate1937 cakehole1943 motormouth1976 pie hole1983 geggie1985 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (at cited word) Shut your potatoe trap. 1822 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 18/2 Clap a stopper on that vile potato-trap o' yours. 1860 W. M. Thackeray in Cornhill Mag. June 755 And now Tom..delivered a rattling clinker upon the Benicia Boy's potato-trap. 1953 J. M. Brewer Word on Brazos 33 He jes keep his potato trap shet an' don' say a mumblin' word when Sistuh Carrie talk to 'im 'bout chu'ch. 2003 Irish News (Nexis) 23 June 8 You must be all behind like a cow's tail.., so I'll shut my potato trap (mouth) and go for some gillaroo. potato tree n. an ornamental climbing shrub, Solanum crispum (family Solanaceae), which has blue flowers and is native to Chile. ΚΠ 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 111/2 Potato-tree, Solanum crispum. 1900 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden (ed. 8) 818/1 The Potato tree (S. crispum), a native of Chili, is the only ornamental Solanum hardy enough for the open air. 1993 Guardian 19 May 19/2 I can watch..a blackbird busy building [a nest] between the Potato Tree..now in full bloom & a corner of the bungalow. potato tuber moth n. a small grey-brown moth, Phthorimaea operculella (family Gelechiidae), native to tropical America but now a cosmopolitan pest, whose larvae attack potato tubers and other crop plants of the family Solanaceae. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types > gnorimoschema operculella (potato tuber moth) potato moth1854 potato tuber moth1892 1892 Insect Life 4 239 (heading) The Potato-Tuber Moth. 1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Sept. 221/3 The district is not suited to the growing of late potatoes because from January onward the potato tuber moth is very active. 1991 Amer. Horticulturist Sept. 24/1 The ‘hairy potato’..is resistant to all major potato pests including the potato tuber moth, the Colorado potato beetle, [etc.]. potato tuberworm n. U.S. the larva of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types > gnorimoschema operculella (potato tuber moth) > larva of or potato tuberworm potato worm1842 potato tuberworm1894 1894 Amer. Naturalist 28 87 Dr. C. V. Riley's report..discusses the importation of two dangerous insects—the potato tuber worm (Lita solanella Boisd.) and the Olive Pollinia. 1939 C. L. Metcalf & W. P. Flint Destructive & Useful Insects (ed. 2) xvi. 516 Potato tuberworm..is very destructive to potatoes in warm dry regions. 1994 Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. 87 923 In tomato fields adjacent to potato fields, extensive damage is caused by the potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella. potato vine n. (a) a potato plant, Solanum tuberosum; (b) any of several South or Central American climbing plants of the genus Solanum, esp. S. jasminoides and S. wendlandii, bearing blue or white flowers; (c) any of various South or Central American climbing plants of the genus Ipomoea, esp. (more fully sweet potato vine) that of the sweet potato, I. batatas. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > climbing or creeping plants > non-British climbing or creeping plants > [noun] > American or West Indian water withy1559 West Indian China-root1577 savannah flower1696 water withe1696 Spanish woodbine1731 potato vine1750 Indian grass1753 seven-year vine1756 tropaeolum1759 woodbine1760 water vine1774 canariensis1835 Philodendron1840 Monstera1858 twig-climber1900 money bush1924 potato creeper1925 sweetheart plant1963 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > potato > potato plant potato1597 skirret of Peru1597 Irish potato1664 white potato1723 Virginian potato1731 potato plant1744 potato vine1750 lady's finger1827 peach-blow1861 Chilean potato1870 1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados iii. 85 The Potato-Vines, upon whose Roots the poor People chiefly subsist. 1774 P. V. Fithian Jrnl. 19 Sept. in Jrnl. & Lett. (1900) 257 I took a Walk thro' the Pumpkin & Potatoe Vines. 1870 Amer. Naturalist 3 92 The early frosts..nearly killed the potato vines. c1923 J. J. Taubenhaus Culture & Dis. Sweet Potato ix. 155 When an infected sweet potato vine is split lengthwise, the inside too will be brown to dark. 1971 B. Clark in E. L. Wardman Bermuda Jubilee Garden i. 6 There is a very wide selection to be made from..potato-vines (Solanum seaforthianum and S. wendlandii), and chalice-vines. 1977 P. Moyes To kill Coconut xv. 207 Henry was eating breakfast under an arbour of potato-vines and goat's foot. 1997 Jrnl. Japanese Stud. 23 118 He wanders through the jungle for several days and is on the verge of collapse when he is saved by the chance discovery of an abandoned plantation and its potato vines. potato wart n. (also potato wart disease) a soil-borne disease of potatoes caused by the fungus Synchytrium endobioticum, resulting in wrinkled, darkening warts on stolons, tubers, and the underground part of the stem; = wart disease n. at wart n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1910 Science 6 May 699 The American Phytopathological Society views with alarm the recent introduction into America of two dangerous European plant diseases: the potato wart, caused by Chrysophlyotis endobiotica Schilb., and the blister rust of white pine. 1950 L. E. Hawker Physiol. Fungi vii. 214 Certain spores will remain dormant in the soil for very long periods, e.g. resting spores of Synchytrium endobioticum (potato wart disease) and Plasmodiophora brassicae (club root). 2001 National Post (Canada) 22 May a6/6 Washington closed the border last October over fears of the highly contagious potato wart. potato weevil n. U.S. rare = potato stalk borer n. ΚΠ 1862 C. L. Flint Harris's Treat. Insects (ed. 3) (heading) 81 The potato-weevil. 1934 Science 23 Feb. 181/2 Projects under the [U.S.] Department of Agriculture which must be stopped include cattle tick eradication..[and] potato weevil eradication. potato whisky n. alcohol distilled from potatoes; potato spirit. ΚΠ 1817 Yankee Traveller ix. 75 Wrangle..drove a lucrative trade in the sale of potatoe whisky, and adulterated New-England rum. 1906 W. Churchill Coniston vii. 77 Jonah sold good rum, but now you can't get nothin' in Coniston but hard cider and potato whiskey. 2001 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 2 Sept. a3 The pioneering team of British surveyors..were too stewed in potato whisky to see straight. potato-woman n. a woman employed in gathering potatoes in the field, or in selling potatoes. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > sellers of other specific things soaper?c1225 oilman1275 smear-monger1297 upholder1333 basket-seller?1518 broom-seller?1518 upholster1554 rod-woman1602 starchwoman1604 pin manc1680 colour seller1685 potato-woman1697 printseller1700 rag-seller1700 Greenwich barber1785 sandboy1821 iceman1834 umbrella man1851 fly-boy1861 snuff-boxera1871 pedlar1872 snake-boy1873 bric-a-brac man1876 tinwoman1884 resurrectionist1888 butch1891 paanwallah1955 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > picker or gatherer gathererc1384 picker1611 puller1653 potato-woman1697 food-gatherer1865 ingatherer1878 1697 T. D'Urfey Intrigues at Versailles iv. i 41 Gadzooks I like her better than my former Punck the Potato-woman, a thousand times. 1770 in B. Franklin Life (1874) 56 We hear that the lady chamberlain of the household went to market this morning,..and had no dispute with the potato woman. 1844 F. O. Ward in Hood's Mag. Oct. 402 When she had disappeared in the crowd I inquired her history of an old potato-woman. 1899 W. C. Morrow Bohemian Paris 30 The fruit- and potato-women came after, and then the chair-menders. 1961 V. W. Von Hagen Incas 75 The potato woman gave the buyer two small potatoes in addition. This was the yapa; after a trade or sale, the seller gave something extra. 2010 Y. S. Lee Body at Tower 188 Cheapest of all were the street vendors, like Mary's potato woman, with her tumbledown stall and hoarse cry of ‘'Ot-pitaaaaaaytoes, nice 'n' 'ot!’ potato worm n. U.S. a hornworm (hawkmoth) that feeds on potato plants; esp. the tomato hornworm, Manduca quinquemaculata; the large green larva of these moths. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types > gnorimoschema operculella (potato tuber moth) > larva of or potato tuberworm potato worm1842 potato tuberworm1894 1842 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. 226 Every farmer's boy knows the potato-worm. 1922 Manitoba Free Press 21 Jan. ii. 2 ‘You know what the potato worm looks like, don't you?’ asked their uncle—‘Sure,’ said Donnie, ‘It's green with white stripes and it's just 'normous’. 2005 Star Gaz. (Elmira, N.Y.) (Nexis) 21 June d1 I still remember finding my first potato worm. Derivatives poˈtatoey adj. of the nature of, reminiscent of, or resembling a potato or potatoes; containing or tasting of potatoes. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [adjective] > potato potatoey1850 1850 F. M. Berry in J. S. Hart Female Prose Writers Amer. (1866) 506 If it [sc. a potato pudding] don't bake quite enough, it's sure to taste potatoey—and that spiles it, you know. 1865 Reader 29 July 119/2 As potatoey as the peach over the way. 1917 W. Owen Let. 22 Aug. (1967) 487 Quite potatoey after the meaty Morals. 1994 Observer Rev. 9 Jan. 15/4 The ash favours the Yorkshire dales, sheltering the black potatoey fungus Daldrinia concentrica known as ‘cramp balls’. poˈtatoless adj. without potatoes. ΚΠ 1807 ‘P. Plymley’ Three More Lett. on Catholics iv. 30 Do you think that satisfaction and disaffection do not travel down from Lord Fingal to the most potatoeless Catholic in Ireland? 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xvii. 397 Eating our potato-less breakfast. 1931 Amer. Hist Rev. 36 548 The manifold social and economic ailments occasioned by a potatoless Ireland. 1976 Times 10 Mar. (Channel Island Suppl.) 111/1 April could be a potato-less month for Jersey. 2004 Times (Nexis) 17 Aug. 12 I can't see too many of us living a potatoless existence for too long. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). potatov. Brit. /pəˈteɪtəʊ/, U.S. /pəˈteɪdoʊ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: potato n. Etymology: < potato n. rare. transitive. To provide with potatoes; spec. to plant (land) with potatoes; to accompany (a dish) with potatoes; to pelt with potatoes. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of specific crops > [verb (transitive)] > crop with potatoes potato1805 1805 Communications to Board of Agric. IV. cv. 183 That part of the field which had been potatoed, carried the best crop. 1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 66 The land is potatoed the following year. 1862 Harper's Mag Apr. 630/1 The bread is buttered, coffee creamed, and meat potatoed with jokes and laughter. 1883 Hertfordsh. Mercury 21 July 4/2 The plan of perpetually potatoing the land. 1967 Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune 29 Oct. 14/5 He mourned that ‘police are tomatoed, potatoed and spat upon during riots’. Derivatives poˈtatoing n. ΚΠ 1984 in C. Kightly Country Voices i. 39 Then it was potatoing time. Arter that, you come round to winter agin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1565v.1805
随便看	bibliographies bibliographize bibliography biblioklept bibliokleptomaniac bibliolater bibliolaters bibliolatries bibliolatrist bibliolatrous bibliolatry bibliological bibliologies bibliologist bibliologists bibliology bibliomancies bibliomancy bibliomane bibliomanes bibliomania bibliomaniac bibliomaniacal bibliomaniacs bibliomanian

potaton.

Compounds

Derivatives

potatov.

Derivatives