potholen.

Brit.

/ˈpɒthəʊl/, U.S.

/ˈpɑtˌ(h)oʊl/

Forms: 1800s potch hole, 1800s– pothole.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pot n.², hole n., pot n.¹

Etymology: In sense 1 probably < pot n.² + hole n. In sense 2 and probably also in sense 1b < pot n.¹ + hole n. In sense 3 perhaps developed from one of the other senses, or perhaps formed independently.

a. A hole formed by the wearing away of rock by the rotation of stones in running water or by glacial erosion; (more generally) any cylindrical or deep bowl-shaped hole of natural origin. Also: an underground system of shafts, chambers, and passages formed by water erosion. Cf. pot n.² 2, 3.In Caving often used spec. of a vertical or nearly vertical shaft or chimney which is open to the surface.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hole or pit > [noun] > pot-hole or swallow-hole

water sink1553

swallow1610

swallow-hole1660

estuary1665

swallet1668

cockpit1683

sinkhole1772

sink1791

pot1797

water-swallow1811

shake-hole1823

pothole1826

fleet-hole1839

spout hole1849

katavothron1869

ponor1890

sump1951

1826 T. L. McKenney Sketches Tour to Lakes (1827) 54 The waters were once, in many places, some fifty feet above their present level; for their action upon the rocks is plainly seen in the pot holes, as the excavations are called, which are made by the action of pebbles upon the rocks.

1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 373/1 8 feet of the workable stone may be considered free from ‘allum’ or ‘pot holes’ containing calcareous spar, to which this stone is subject.

1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. 641 The ‘Basin’ in the Franconia Notch (White Mountains) is a pot-hole in granite, fifteen feet deep and twenty and twenty five feet in its two diameters.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) ix. 134 The grinding action of pebbles, when set in motion by water, is strikingly shown in the formation of potholes.

1902 S. E. White Blazed Trail ii. 6 The pines stood on a country rolling with hills, deep with potholes.

1968 S. Hill Gentleman & Ladies i. 15 ‘There's a man here’, Ma said with an air of wonder, ‘been down a pothole for one hundred and thirteen days. Now why would anybody want to do a thing like that?’

2000 Leyland's Austral. Winter 49/2 Swirling around on the river bed, with the action of the water to keep them on the move, they ground potholes into the sandstone.

b. Chiefly North American. A pond formed by the collection of water in a natural hollow in the ground. Also: = pothole lake n. at Compounds. Cf. slew n.¹ 1, slough n.¹ 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > small body or puddle > [noun]

plashlOE

pulkc1300

pludc1325

puddlec1390

sumpa1450

flush1487

dub?a1513

plashet1575

pool1596

slab1610

pudge1671

flodge1696

pant1807

pothole1867

push1886

splashet1896

1867 J. T. Thompson Rambles with Philosopher 35 Its blind swamps—its intersecting boggy creeks, and its interspersed potch holes.

1900 Amer. Naturalist 34 379 Numerous sharp, post-glacial ravines, whose puny streams take their origin among the pools, marshes, and ‘potholes’ of the crest of the moraine.

1902 Sask. Hist. (1956) IX. 31 In natural depressions of the soil..water had gathered and formed so-called ‘pot-holes’—circular basins of a swampy nature, generally rather shallow. The ‘potholes’ usually have a heavy growth of wild hay.

1977 Audubon Mar. 25/1 These Minnedosa potholes seem hard-bottomed enough, lacking the soft flocculent muck that is known by such sobriquets as ‘loon puke’ and other vivid terms.

1992 C. McCarthy All Pretty Horses (1993) i. 37 Upstream were potholes from the recent rains where a pair of herons stood footed to their long shadows.

2. In various technical uses.

a. Coal Mining. A hole in the roof of a coal seam, esp. one left by the fall of a potstone (potstone n. 2). Now rare.

ΚΠ

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 193 Pot holes.

1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 594/2 Pot-hole, in mining: the hole left by the fall of the conical mass of stone forming the bottom of a fossil tree-stem.

1935 Times 8 Oct. 5/1 A miner..was killed while working on the coal face at Tilmanstone Colliery, near Dover, early yesterday, when a hidden slip, or pot-hole in the roof of the pit, broke away and fell on him.

b. Chiefly Australian. A shallow hole dug in the ground while prospecting, esp. for opal dirt (cf. opal dirt n. at opal n. and adj. Compounds 3). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > hole dug in prospecting for opal

pothole1890

1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right 55 All the gold in the locality appeared to have been shovelled by malignant gnomes into one crevice, in the familiar phrase of the miners, ‘a pot hole’.

1940 I. L. Idriess Lightning Ridge 90 For a time I sank pot-holes alone then went mates with little Archie Campbell.

1967 I. L. Idriess Opals & Sapphires 112 Keep the find quiet until you have sunk more potholes to prove that it is worth while pegging out.

c. Chiefly Archaeology. A hole in the ground from which potter's clay has been taken.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > [noun] > clay

loam-pit990

clay-pitc1440

tile-pit1656

pothole1898

1898 Archaeol. Jrnl. 2nd Ser. 5 294 That the manufacture of pottery was carried on in Hayling in former times is shown by the existence of ‘pot-holes’, i.e. holes from which clay has been taken.

1971 P. C. D. Brears Eng. Country Pottery vi. 84 Having obtained a site, the potter then proceeded to dig his clay, the depth and size of his ‘pot-hole’ or ‘potter's pit’ being determined by the situation of the clay and the amounts that he required.

2001 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 7 July 15 A rare pit boundary made up of a series of carefully dug potholes from 800BC was discovered nearby two years ago.

3. A depression or hollow forming a defect in the surface of a road, track, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > pothole

pitch-hole1857

pothole1889

1889 B. Harte Waif of Plains in Daily Inter Ocean (Chicago) 3 Nov. 20/5 The surface of the bottom land that they were crossing was here and there broken up by fissures and ‘potholes’, and some circumspection in their progress became necessary.

1908 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 12 Feb. The material which is being employed in filling some of the larger ruts and potholes here and there.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 30 Aug. 1/3 All road engineers are agreed that the uneven surfaces and pot-holes..are practically confined to the districts where the water-cart reigns supreme.

1920 Motor Cycle 30 Sept. 384/2 On the outward journey the pot-holes between Edinburgh and Stirling seemed appalling.

1955 Times 5 July 5/7 The springing makes rather heavy going of potholes like those caused by recessed manhole covers.

1972 ‘J. Bonett’ & ‘E. Bonett’ No Time to Kill v. 52 The grey car turned onto a dirt road, slowed to a crawl as it met the potholes.

2003 Chicago Tribune 11 Jan. i. 10/3 Heather Johnstone's Suburban allows her to confidently navigate potholes in Chicago without wrecking her car's underbelly.

Compounds

pothole lake n. North American a small shallow depression containing a (sometimes only seasonal) pond, small lake, or marsh; spec. one created by the gouging effects of a moving glacier, usually in a recessional moraine or outwash plain; cf. kettle hole n. at kettle n. Compounds 2 (in quot. 1928, the name of a small lake of glacial origin in the state of Washington).

ΚΠ

1928 Geogr. Rev. 18 463 Pothole Lake at right, Battleship Rock in middle left of the view.]

1938 S. C. Ells Northland Trails 85 It is a land of..mysterious pot-hole lakes and ponds with neither inlets or outlets.

1946 Sun (Baltimore) 5 July 11/3 Experimental planting of fish with airplanes gives promise for the ‘back in there’ pothole lakes and spring holes.

1954 Amer. Midland Naturalist 52 403 (title) Notes on waterfowl of certain pothole lakes of eastern Washington.

1992 Up Here (Yellowknife, N.W. Territories) Oct. 48/3 In 1958, I flew with Jim in his fully loaded Cessna 180 to a highway construction camp on a drought-shrunken pothole lake southwest of Fort Rae.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

potholev.

Brit.

/ˈpɒthəʊl/, U.S.

/ˈpɑtˌ(h)oʊl/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pothole n.

Etymology: < pothole n. Compare slightly earlier potholing n.

†1. transitive. To search (an area) for minerals by digging potholes (cf. pothole n. 2b). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > prospect (region) > types of prospecting for gold, opal, etc.

pothole1887

speck1903

snipe1909

1887 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 25 Apr. 4/3 The camp..moved across the line into Oregon, to commence pot-holing the points at the base of the Siskiyou mountain.

2. transitive. To produce potholes in (ground, a roadway, etc.). Chiefly in passive.

ΚΠ

1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Pot-hole, to produce in (a solid rock mass) a hole by the action of stones and silt whirled around in an eddy of water.

1975 Nature 20 Mar. 189/2 It was channelled and potholed by running water.

1997 S. Byrne Tony Harrison Introd. 17 The Sarajevans' ‘flirtatious ploys’ take place in unlit streets potholed by mortar shells.

3. intransitive. To engage in potholing (see potholing n. 2); to cave. Also transitive: to explore (a pothole, cave, or the like).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > potholing and caving > [verb (intransitive)]

pothole1953

spelunk1965

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > potholing and caving > [verb (transitive)]

pothole1953

1953 Times 4 Sept. 6/6 John Hobson..who has been potholing for only a few months.

1970 Observer 25 Jan. (Colour Suppl.) 30/4 Its underworld labyrinth of elves and trolls consists of tunnels he potholed as a boy.

1987 Guardian (Nexis) 15 Aug. [He] went missing eight days ago while potholing in the Shepherd's Chasm.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pothole
释义	potholen. Brit. /ˈpɒthəʊl/, U.S. /ˈpɑtˌ(h)oʊl/ Forms: 1800s potch hole, 1800s– pothole. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pot n.², hole n., pot n.¹ Etymology: In sense 1 probably < pot n.² + hole n. In sense 2 and probably also in sense 1b < pot n.¹ + hole n. In sense 3 perhaps developed from one of the other senses, or perhaps formed independently. 1. a. A hole formed by the wearing away of rock by the rotation of stones in running water or by glacial erosion; (more generally) any cylindrical or deep bowl-shaped hole of natural origin. Also: an underground system of shafts, chambers, and passages formed by water erosion. Cf. pot n.² 2, 3.In Caving often used spec. of a vertical or nearly vertical shaft or chimney which is open to the surface. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hole or pit > [noun] > pot-hole or swallow-hole water sink1553 swallow1610 swallow-hole1660 estuary1665 swallet1668 cockpit1683 sinkhole1772 sink1791 pot1797 water-swallow1811 shake-hole1823 pothole1826 fleet-hole1839 spout hole1849 katavothron1869 ponor1890 sump1951 1826 T. L. McKenney Sketches Tour to Lakes (1827) 54 The waters were once, in many places, some fifty feet above their present level; for their action upon the rocks is plainly seen in the pot holes, as the excavations are called, which are made by the action of pebbles upon the rocks. 1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 373/1 8 feet of the workable stone may be considered free from ‘allum’ or ‘pot holes’ containing calcareous spar, to which this stone is subject. 1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. 641 The ‘Basin’ in the Franconia Notch (White Mountains) is a pot-hole in granite, fifteen feet deep and twenty and twenty five feet in its two diameters. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) ix. 134 The grinding action of pebbles, when set in motion by water, is strikingly shown in the formation of potholes. 1902 S. E. White Blazed Trail ii. 6 The pines stood on a country rolling with hills, deep with potholes. 1968 S. Hill Gentleman & Ladies i. 15 ‘There's a man here’, Ma said with an air of wonder, ‘been down a pothole for one hundred and thirteen days. Now why would anybody want to do a thing like that?’ 2000 Leyland's Austral. Winter 49/2 Swirling around on the river bed, with the action of the water to keep them on the move, they ground potholes into the sandstone. b. Chiefly North American. A pond formed by the collection of water in a natural hollow in the ground. Also: = pothole lake n. at Compounds. Cf. slew n.¹ 1, slough n.¹ 4. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > small body or puddle > [noun] plashlOE pulkc1300 pludc1325 puddlec1390 sumpa1450 flush1487 dub?a1513 plashet1575 pool1596 slab1610 pudge1671 flodge1696 pant1807 pothole1867 push1886 splashet1896 1867 J. T. Thompson Rambles with Philosopher 35 Its blind swamps—its intersecting boggy creeks, and its interspersed potch holes. 1900 Amer. Naturalist 34 379 Numerous sharp, post-glacial ravines, whose puny streams take their origin among the pools, marshes, and ‘potholes’ of the crest of the moraine. 1902 Sask. Hist. (1956) IX. 31 In natural depressions of the soil..water had gathered and formed so-called ‘pot-holes’—circular basins of a swampy nature, generally rather shallow. The ‘potholes’ usually have a heavy growth of wild hay. 1977 Audubon Mar. 25/1 These Minnedosa potholes seem hard-bottomed enough, lacking the soft flocculent muck that is known by such sobriquets as ‘loon puke’ and other vivid terms. 1992 C. McCarthy All Pretty Horses (1993) i. 37 Upstream were potholes from the recent rains where a pair of herons stood footed to their long shadows. 2. In various technical uses. a. Coal Mining. A hole in the roof of a coal seam, esp. one left by the fall of a potstone (potstone n. 2). Now rare. ΚΠ 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 193 Pot holes. 1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 594/2 Pot-hole, in mining: the hole left by the fall of the conical mass of stone forming the bottom of a fossil tree-stem. 1935 Times 8 Oct. 5/1 A miner..was killed while working on the coal face at Tilmanstone Colliery, near Dover, early yesterday, when a hidden slip, or pot-hole in the roof of the pit, broke away and fell on him. b. Chiefly Australian. A shallow hole dug in the ground while prospecting, esp. for opal dirt (cf. opal dirt n. at opal n. and adj. Compounds 3). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > hole dug in prospecting for opal pothole1890 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right 55 All the gold in the locality appeared to have been shovelled by malignant gnomes into one crevice, in the familiar phrase of the miners, ‘a pot hole’. 1940 I. L. Idriess Lightning Ridge 90 For a time I sank pot-holes alone then went mates with little Archie Campbell. 1967 I. L. Idriess Opals & Sapphires 112 Keep the find quiet until you have sunk more potholes to prove that it is worth while pegging out. c. Chiefly Archaeology. A hole in the ground from which potter's clay has been taken. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > [noun] > clay loam-pit990 clay-pitc1440 tile-pit1656 pothole1898 1898 Archaeol. Jrnl. 2nd Ser. 5 294 That the manufacture of pottery was carried on in Hayling in former times is shown by the existence of ‘pot-holes’, i.e. holes from which clay has been taken. 1971 P. C. D. Brears Eng. Country Pottery vi. 84 Having obtained a site, the potter then proceeded to dig his clay, the depth and size of his ‘pot-hole’ or ‘potter's pit’ being determined by the situation of the clay and the amounts that he required. 2001 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 7 July 15 A rare pit boundary made up of a series of carefully dug potholes from 800BC was discovered nearby two years ago. 3. A depression or hollow forming a defect in the surface of a road, track, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > pothole pitch-hole1857 pothole1889 1889 B. Harte Waif of Plains in Daily Inter Ocean (Chicago) 3 Nov. 20/5 The surface of the bottom land that they were crossing was here and there broken up by fissures and ‘potholes’, and some circumspection in their progress became necessary. 1908 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 12 Feb. The material which is being employed in filling some of the larger ruts and potholes here and there. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 30 Aug. 1/3 All road engineers are agreed that the uneven surfaces and pot-holes..are practically confined to the districts where the water-cart reigns supreme. 1920 Motor Cycle 30 Sept. 384/2 On the outward journey the pot-holes between Edinburgh and Stirling seemed appalling. 1955 Times 5 July 5/7 The springing makes rather heavy going of potholes like those caused by recessed manhole covers. 1972 ‘J. Bonett’ & ‘E. Bonett’ No Time to Kill v. 52 The grey car turned onto a dirt road, slowed to a crawl as it met the potholes. 2003 Chicago Tribune 11 Jan. i. 10/3 Heather Johnstone's Suburban allows her to confidently navigate potholes in Chicago without wrecking her car's underbelly. Compounds pothole lake n. North American a small shallow depression containing a (sometimes only seasonal) pond, small lake, or marsh; spec. one created by the gouging effects of a moving glacier, usually in a recessional moraine or outwash plain; cf. kettle hole n. at kettle n. Compounds 2 (in quot. 1928, the name of a small lake of glacial origin in the state of Washington). ΚΠ 1928 Geogr. Rev. 18 463 Pothole Lake at right, Battleship Rock in middle left of the view.] 1938 S. C. Ells Northland Trails 85 It is a land of..mysterious pot-hole lakes and ponds with neither inlets or outlets. 1946 Sun (Baltimore) 5 July 11/3 Experimental planting of fish with airplanes gives promise for the ‘back in there’ pothole lakes and spring holes. 1954 Amer. Midland Naturalist 52 403 (title) Notes on waterfowl of certain pothole lakes of eastern Washington. 1992 Up Here (Yellowknife, N.W. Territories) Oct. 48/3 In 1958, I flew with Jim in his fully loaded Cessna 180 to a highway construction camp on a drought-shrunken pothole lake southwest of Fort Rae. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). potholev. Brit. /ˈpɒthəʊl/, U.S. /ˈpɑtˌ(h)oʊl/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pothole n. Etymology: < pothole n. Compare slightly earlier potholing n. †1. transitive. To search (an area) for minerals by digging potholes (cf. pothole n. 2b). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > prospect (region) > types of prospecting for gold, opal, etc. pothole1887 speck1903 snipe1909 1887 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 25 Apr. 4/3 The camp..moved across the line into Oregon, to commence pot-holing the points at the base of the Siskiyou mountain. 2. transitive. To produce potholes in (ground, a roadway, etc.). Chiefly in passive. ΚΠ 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Pot-hole, to produce in (a solid rock mass) a hole by the action of stones and silt whirled around in an eddy of water. 1975 Nature 20 Mar. 189/2 It was channelled and potholed by running water. 1997 S. Byrne Tony Harrison Introd. 17 The Sarajevans' ‘flirtatious ploys’ take place in unlit streets potholed by mortar shells. 3. intransitive. To engage in potholing (see potholing n. 2); to cave. Also transitive: to explore (a pothole, cave, or the like). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > potholing and caving > [verb (intransitive)] pothole1953 spelunk1965 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > potholing and caving > [verb (transitive)] pothole1953 1953 Times 4 Sept. 6/6 John Hobson..who has been potholing for only a few months. 1970 Observer 25 Jan. (Colour Suppl.) 30/4 Its underworld labyrinth of elves and trolls consists of tunnels he potholed as a boy. 1987 Guardian (Nexis) 15 Aug. [He] went missing eight days ago while potholing in the Shepherd's Chasm. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1826v.1887
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