| 释义 |
pottagen. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French potage. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French potage, Middle French potaige (French potage ) food cooked in a pot (1240), vegetables or pulses (mid 13th cent.), vegetable soup (1426 or earlier) < pot pot n.1 +-age -age suffix. Compare post-classical Latin potagium broth or porridge (frequently from 13th cent. in British and continental sources).The stress apparently varied between the first and second syllables in Middle English. For later reborrowing of the French word see potage n. and discussion at that entry. Compare also poddish n., porridge n. I. A soup, stew, or porridge. 1. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] α. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 301 Hwase is ouerfeble. Potage eoteð bliðeliche. c1300 St. Wulstan (Laud) 22 in C. Horstmann (1887) 71 (MED) Wel luytel he eat al-so bote it were a luyte potage. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 8339 (MED) Wo þat miȝte weodes abbe & þe roten gnawe Oþer seþe & Make potage was þer of wel vawe. a1390 G. Chaucer 3623 Whanne wol the gayler bryngen oure potage? c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. 41 (MED) Þei ete mete of more coste, mortrewes and potages. a1450 in T. Austin (1888) 15 A potage on fysshday.—Take an Make a styf Poshote of Milke an Ale; þan take..whyte Swete Wyne..& put Sugre..þer-to, or hony;..kepe it a[s] whyte as yt may be, & þan serue f[orth]. a1500 (a1425) (1953) 277 (MED) Hys potage was of cale and leke, Off other herbes þat he gartt seke, Sothen wyth saltte and serued tytte. 1531 T. Elyot i. xiii. sig. Fvi A gentil man, er he take a cooke..wyll..examine hym, howe many sortes of meates, potages, and sauces, he can perfectly make. 1542 A. Borde xii. sig. G.iv Potage is not so moch vsed in all crystendom as it is vsed in Englande. Potage is made of the lyquor in the which flesshe is soden in, with puttyng to chopped herbes, and otemel and salt. 1567 in G. Chalmers (1818) I. 178 Bakyne meit to my Ladie,..with potages, after thair discretioun... Ane kyde, with potagis refarrit to the maister houshald. 1582 R. Madox Diary 20 July in E. S. Donno (1976) 153 They set one the potage pot with ryce every meale. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta iv. xxi. 270 They..roast it, and make many sorts of potages. 1682 G. Wheler i. 43 Christmas pies, Plum-potage, Cake and Puddings. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in i. f. cccxxix v O where haste thou be so longe commensal, that hast so mykel eeten of the potages of foryetfulnesse? 1834 A. E. Bray II. x. 214 Captain Butler..came up to the elbow of the temperate divine, and bidding him, very unceremoniously, ‘leave off his pottage’, shoved him aside, and stepped into his place. 1868 H. Law 228 You are self-slain when you prefer the pottage to Christ. 1983 (Nexis) 8 Jan. i. 23 I had frittered away life's luck for this small sum, about the size of Esau's pottage. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > porridges > [noun] a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 244 (MED) A man Sholde ette mettis of colde and moisti complexcion..as..Potage of oot-mell. 1675 W. Dugdale I. 789 To provide them ten large Fishes, called Stock-fish, and one Bushel of oat-meal for Pottage. 1683 T. Tryon 30 Gruels and Pottage made of Oatmeal, being made thin, and quick boyled, are of an excellent Nature. 1724 in (1733) I. 89 There will be lang-kail and pottage And bannocks of barley-meal. 1794 Donaldson 24 The food of the reapers..for supper, pottage of oat-meal, salt and water, with the allowance of milk made to the ploughman. 1797 3 203 Oatmeal is..not unfrequently used in making pottage, among the lower classes [in the West Riding]. 1800 W. Wordsworth Michael in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge II. 204 Each with a mess of pottage and skimm'd milk. 1880 W. Robbie vi Noo, laddie..rin awa' t' yer pottage. 1953 27 Oct. Fin the pottitch wis made an' meest she wid fess ben mine on a fancy widden tray. 2015 D. Kynoch in 86 19 His bowel o pottitch steed Far it haed been sin brakfast, nivver aeten. II. In medicinal use. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 42 Leie þerto a potage [L. pultes]..maad of eerbis & swynes greece & water & wheete flour. Phrasesthe mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > be niggardly or mean [verb (intransitive)] the world > action or operation > difficulty > present difficulties [verb (intransitive)] > have difficulty > do something with great difficulty c1576 T. Whythorne (1961) 90 Tush masterz quoþ I, keep yowr breaþz to kooll yowr pottaȝ withall. 1650 H. More Observ. in (1656) 78 Keep your breath to your self to cool your pottage. 1655 T. Fuller iii. 85 For their fare, it was course in the quality, and yet slender in the quantity thereof. Insomuch, that they would, in a manner, make pottage of a flint. 1703 8 Is not this (as we say) as plain as Pottage , as clear as Crystal, to speak in your Dialect? 1875 W. B. Scott l.12 But now the game seems boy's play: keep your breath To cool your pottage, wise old proverbs say. Compounds1519 Exp. Dinners in (1867–8) 13 40 Pottage flesche viijd. 1526 W. Bonde i. sig. Eiiii Remembryng..the potage pot with flesshe, the onyons & garlyke that they were wont to eate in Egipt. 1608 R. Armin sig. D2 If ye meete him in your pottage-dish, yet know him. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia in (1878) III. To Rdr. 132 You may guess Such Pottage-Eating stomackes. 1674 No. 863/4 Stoin... Ten Pottage Plates, Three Cup Plates, Two Sawcers. 1787 F. Grose Kale-pot, pottage-pot. 1818 17 June 4/4 Household furniture, and numerous effects, of Mr. William Harvey, coppersmith; the stock consists of tea-kettles, boilers, pottage pots, [etc.]. 1897 18 413 Look you, no pottage-eating artisan from foreign parts made them. 1973 C. A. Wilson vi. 206 The lowlanders grew a few pottage vegetables in their kailyards. 2001 (Nexis) 1 Nov. 46 The coarse [burghal] is used in pottage dishes. C2. the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > food plant or vegetable > [noun] > pot-herb(s) the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 225v Among potage where þat groweþ in coddes, beenes [are] y-cleped þe beste. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) vii. 57 (MED) Potage ware [L. lenticulam collectam] in askes mynge, and kepe In oil barelles or salt tubbis done. Derivatives the world > matter > constitution of matter > semi-fluidity > [adjective] the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [adjective] > soup 1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 76 in tr. Lanfranc Substances like a whyte potagie confection (called Puls). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.?c1225 |
