premunitionn.

Brit.

/ˌpriːmjᵿˈnɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌprimjuˈnɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌprimjəˈnɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English premunicion (in a late copy), late Middle English– premunition, 1600s praemunition; Scottish pre-1700 premunicion, pre-1700 premunicione, pre-1700 premunicioun, pre-1700 premunitione, pre-1700 premunitioun, pre-1700 premunitioune, pre-1700 premvnitioun, pre-1700 1800s– premunition.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French premunition; Latin praemūnītiōn-, praemūnītiō.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman premunition (in law) prior notification, forewarning (1389 or earlier) and Middle French premunition, French prémunition preparation, provision (1542), precautionary action (1576), state of relative immunity to severe or symptomatic infection by a pathogen resulting from the continued presence of small numbers of the same pathogen in the body (E. Sergent et al. 1924, in Bull. de la Soc. de Pathol. Exotique 17 38) and its etymon classical Latin praemūnītiōn-, praemūnītiō strengthening of a case in advance to forestall objections, in post-classical Latin also advance fortification (Vetus Latina), forewarning, advance notice (frequently from early 13th cent. in British sources) < praemūnīt- , past participial stem of praemūnīre to fortify (see premunite v.), in post-classical Latin also (by confusion with praemonēre : see praemunire n.) to forewarn + -iō -ion suffix¹.

1. Prior notification, forewarning; a presentiment or foreboding; = premonition n. Now rare.In quot. 1875, clause of premunition is equivalent to praemunientes clause at praemunientes n.: see also premunitory adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > warning of imminent danger or evil > [noun]

warningOE

warnishinga1400

monition?a1475

premonition1533

animadvertencec1550

preadmonition1652

animadvertisement1655

forewarning1659

premunition1693

warna1851

warnishment1894

1472–3 Rolls of Parl. VI. 49/1 It may pleas your Highnes..to..ordeyne..that euery persone or persones..by resonable premunition to them..make as ofte as it shal be nede..sufficient pavement before all their Burgagiez, Meses, and Tenementes..at their owne costes and charges.

a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 296 That all the churche-wardens..be redy to accompt ȝerely aftur premunicion made vnto theym.

1546 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 62 Upoun the premunitioun of xx^tj dayis to compeir befoir thaim.

1629 H. Lynde Via Tuta 49 Letters of aduertisement or premunition were written..and were sent by the Orthodox Bishops and Pastors to other parts and sound Members of the Catholique Church.

1693 R. Fleming Disc. Earthquakes 103 An experimental Knowledge of the Truth of Divine Premunitions, when it's too late..will be very sad.

1860 T. Carlyle Crit. & Misc. Ess. I. App. 452 The following long title of a little German Book I may quote by way of premunition.

1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xv. 195 The whole body of beneficed clergy..was organised by Edward I as a portion of his parliament, by the clause of premunition inserted in the writ of summons addressed to the bishops.

2004 Re: Infant Seizures in misc.kids.health (Usenet newsgroup) 19 June I refuse to give the MMR vaccine as I have a gut feeling about it (premunition of it).

†2. Preventive action, esp. against attack or danger; a precautionary measure. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [noun] > precaution

provention1548

premunitiona1592

wariment1596

precaution1599

prevention1600

guard1609

a1592 R. Greene Selimus (1638) i. But then beware least Baiazets affection Change into hatred by such premunition.

1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. iv. 177 We premise these two prouisoes and premunitions for our selues.

1622 S. Ward Life of Faith in Death 49 Let mee tell thee præuision is the best preuention, and præmonition the best præmunition.

1707 Glossographia Anglicana Nova Premunition..a Fortifying or Fencing beforehand.

1874 H. N. Hudson Stud. Wordsworth (1884) i. 7 That issue was to be forestalled by timely premunition.

3. Medicine and Veterinary Medicine. A state of relative immunity to severe or symptomatic infection by a pathogen (esp. a protozoan parasite) resulting from the continued presence of small numbers of the same pathogen in the body.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > resistance to disease > immunity

immunitya1650

unsusceptibility1805

premunition1925

premunity1928

immunocompetence1966

1924 Trop. Dis. Bull. 21 492 For absolute immunity the distinguishing term proposed [sc. by E. Sergent et al.] is ‘immunity’..and for relative immunity, ‘premunition’ brought about by a process of ‘premunition’, with corresponding verb. (Unfortunately English words corresponding with ‘premunition’ and ‘premunir’ do not at present exist.)]

1925 E. Sergent et al. in Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 18 384 We ask our British colleagues to be kind enough to consider whether it is possible to give currency to the verb ‘to premunize’ and to Anglicize the word ‘premunition’ with the meanings explained above.

1951 G. Lapage Parasitic Animals vii. 205 Some experts believe that the greater resistance of the negro race to human malarial parasites..is really premunition.

1971 P. C. C. Garnham Progress in Parasitol. vi. 101 Host and parasite eventually settle down together in the state of premunition.

1996 Independent on Sunday 1 Sept. (Review Suppl.) 4/4 Because of near-eradication, millions of people now lacked all immunity to malaria—premunition, a form of partial immunity, develops after repeated infections.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	premunition
释义	premunitionn. Brit. /ˌpriːmjᵿˈnɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌprimjuˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌprimjəˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English premunicion (in a late copy), late Middle English– premunition, 1600s praemunition; Scottish pre-1700 premunicion, pre-1700 premunicione, pre-1700 premunicioun, pre-1700 premunitione, pre-1700 premunitioun, pre-1700 premunitioune, pre-1700 premvnitioun, pre-1700 1800s– premunition. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French premunition; Latin praemūnītiōn-, praemūnītiō. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman premunition (in law) prior notification, forewarning (1389 or earlier) and Middle French premunition, French prémunition preparation, provision (1542), precautionary action (1576), state of relative immunity to severe or symptomatic infection by a pathogen resulting from the continued presence of small numbers of the same pathogen in the body (E. Sergent et al. 1924, in Bull. de la Soc. de Pathol. Exotique 17 38) and its etymon classical Latin praemūnītiōn-, praemūnītiō strengthening of a case in advance to forestall objections, in post-classical Latin also advance fortification (Vetus Latina), forewarning, advance notice (frequently from early 13th cent. in British sources) < praemūnīt- , past participial stem of praemūnīre to fortify (see premunite v.), in post-classical Latin also (by confusion with praemonēre : see praemunire n.) to forewarn + -iō -ion suffix¹. 1. Prior notification, forewarning; a presentiment or foreboding; = premonition n. Now rare.In quot. 1875, clause of premunition is equivalent to praemunientes clause at praemunientes n.: see also premunitory adj. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > warning of imminent danger or evil > [noun] warningOE warnishinga1400 monition?a1475 premonition1533 animadvertencec1550 preadmonition1652 animadvertisement1655 forewarning1659 premunition1693 warna1851 warnishment1894 1472–3 Rolls of Parl. VI. 49/1 It may pleas your Highnes..to..ordeyne..that euery persone or persones..by resonable premunition to them..make as ofte as it shal be nede..sufficient pavement before all their Burgagiez, Meses, and Tenementes..at their owne costes and charges. a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 296 That all the churche-wardens..be redy to accompt ȝerely aftur premunicion made vnto theym. 1546 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 62 Upoun the premunitioun of xx^tj dayis to compeir befoir thaim. 1629 H. Lynde Via Tuta 49 Letters of aduertisement or premunition were written..and were sent by the Orthodox Bishops and Pastors to other parts and sound Members of the Catholique Church. 1693 R. Fleming Disc. Earthquakes 103 An experimental Knowledge of the Truth of Divine Premunitions, when it's too late..will be very sad. 1860 T. Carlyle Crit. & Misc. Ess. I. App. 452 The following long title of a little German Book I may quote by way of premunition. 1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xv. 195 The whole body of beneficed clergy..was organised by Edward I as a portion of his parliament, by the clause of premunition inserted in the writ of summons addressed to the bishops. 2004 Re: Infant Seizures in misc.kids.health (Usenet newsgroup) 19 June I refuse to give the MMR vaccine as I have a gut feeling about it (premunition of it). †2. Preventive action, esp. against attack or danger; a precautionary measure. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > vigilance > [noun] > precaution provention1548 premunitiona1592 wariment1596 precaution1599 prevention1600 guard1609 a1592 R. Greene Selimus (1638) i. But then beware least Baiazets affection Change into hatred by such premunition. 1607 R. Parker Scholasticall Disc. against Antichrist i. iv. 177 We premise these two prouisoes and premunitions for our selues. 1622 S. Ward Life of Faith in Death 49 Let mee tell thee præuision is the best preuention, and præmonition the best præmunition. 1707 Glossographia Anglicana Nova Premunition..a Fortifying or Fencing beforehand. 1874 H. N. Hudson Stud. Wordsworth (1884) i. 7 That issue was to be forestalled by timely premunition. 3. Medicine and Veterinary Medicine. A state of relative immunity to severe or symptomatic infection by a pathogen (esp. a protozoan parasite) resulting from the continued presence of small numbers of the same pathogen in the body. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > resistance to disease > immunity immunitya1650 unsusceptibility1805 premunition1925 premunity1928 immunocompetence1966 1924 Trop. Dis. Bull. 21 492 For absolute immunity the distinguishing term proposed [sc. by E. Sergent et al.] is ‘immunity’..and for relative immunity, ‘premunition’ brought about by a process of ‘premunition’, with corresponding verb. (Unfortunately English words corresponding with ‘premunition’ and ‘premunir’ do not at present exist.)] 1925 E. Sergent et al. in Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 18 384 We ask our British colleagues to be kind enough to consider whether it is possible to give currency to the verb ‘to premunize’ and to Anglicize the word ‘premunition’ with the meanings explained above. 1951 G. Lapage Parasitic Animals vii. 205 Some experts believe that the greater resistance of the negro race to human malarial parasites..is really premunition. 1971 P. C. C. Garnham Progress in Parasitol. vi. 101 Host and parasite eventually settle down together in the state of premunition. 1996 Independent on Sunday 1 Sept. (Review Suppl.) 4/4 Because of near-eradication, millions of people now lacked all immunity to malaria—premunition, a form of partial immunity, develops after repeated infections. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1472
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