prefermentn.

Brit.

/prᵻˈfəːm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/priˈfərm(ə)nt/,

/prəˈfərm(ə)nt/

Forms: late Middle English prefferment, late Middle English–1600s preferrement, late Middle English– preferment, 1500s prefermente, 1500s prefermentt, 1600s praeferment, 1600s praeferment, 1600s preferrment, 1800s prefarment (nonstandard); Scottish pre-1700 praeferrement, pre-1700 prefermente, pre-1700 1700s– preferment.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: prefer v., -ment suffix.

Etymology: < prefer v. + -ment suffix. Compare post-classical Latin preferramentum , preferrementum privilege, prerogative (1413, 1459, 1478 in British sources). Compare preference n.

I. Senses relating to preference or advantage.

1. Prior right or claim, esp. to receive payment, or to purchase or make an offer for a thing on sale. Now archaic or historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun] > priority of claim

preferment1443

priority1766

1443 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 265 (MED) He hath good & sufficeant assignement, etc., to make unto him paiement with preferrement.

1451 Rolls of Parl. V. 214/1 That the Acte..be vaillable and stond in strengh and force after the fourme and effect therof, notwithstondyng eny preferment, provision, acte, ordenaunce, in any wyse made..in this present Parlement.

1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 33 §3 Persones which nowe have to ferme any of the seid Lordshippes..shall have preferrement in the takyng of the same..befor any other.

1587 Sir C. Wray in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 365 The said Fellowes..shall alwaie haue the vse and preferment of two of the midle chambers.

1702 Conveyancer's Assistant & Director 340 A Mortgage of one Piece of land to make assurance of another Piece of Land by a day and a Covenant that if the Land mortgaged be redeemed, and after sold, the Mortgagee shall have the preferment to buy another.

1791 E. Wood Compl. Body Conveyancing II. 331 It is covenanted, granted and agreed, between the parties, that if the lessee sells or aliens the term, that the lessor shall have the preferment.

1886 H. Hall Society in Elizabethan Age 93 He sent..to crave preferment of purchase if the place must be sold.

1986 E. G. Holland Coniston Copper (BNC) 17 She was also to have the preferment in buying all ‘precious stones or pearl’ to be found in the working of these mines.

2. The action or fact of preferring, choosing, or favouring, as more desirable; the giving of preference; preference, advantage. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [noun] > choosing as more desirable

preferment1526

pre-election1589

protimesisa1638

preference1673

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. iii. 1 What preferment [1557 Geneva] then hath the Jewe?

a1618 W. Raleigh Maxims of State in Remains (1661) 55 To give an equality, or sometimes a preferment to the Common People.

a1754 E. Erskine in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1874) IV. Ps. lxxxix. 16 The ground of the believer's preferment and exaltation.

1872 D. R. Locke Struggles of Petroleum 704 I stumbled into a convocation of reformers... Here, I thought, there can be neither envy, malice, ambition, or self-seeking, for these labor for humanity; each will insist not upon his own good, but the preferment of others.

2000 Washington Times (Nexis) 18 Jan. a12 It is difficult to perceive how limiting marriage to persons of the opposite sex constitutes special class or other preferment. That relationship is available to everyone in the community. It is no more preferment than legalizing monogamous but not bigamous or polygamous marriages.

II. Senses relating to promotion or advancement.

†3. The action of putting or bringing forward; the furtherance or encouragement of an action or undertaking. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > [noun]

furtheringc1000

advancementc1325

nourishingc1325

speedingc1400

promotion1425

vauncingc1426

furtherancec1440

expedition1445

preferment1454

further1526

profection1533

towardliness1553

maturation1584

comforting1605

forwarding1635

advance1642

promotement1661

forwardness1741

fosterage1816

1454 Rolls of Parl. V. 254/2 To..the good spede and preferrement of the said Rescows.

1463–4 Rolls of Parl. V. 501/1 For the remotion of such ydelnes and the preferment of Labour and Occupacion, such as hath been used by the makyng of the seid Cloth, it may please unto youre noble grace..to ordeyn and stablyssh certeyn Statutes.

1536 Act 28 Hen. VIII c. 7 §3 For the settyng forthe or preferrement of the deuorce or dissolucion therof.

1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. ii. 107 P. Sabinus and Julius Priscus were constituted captaines of the Garde; Priscus by Valens preferment [L. Priscus Valentis gratia] and Sabinus by Caecinaes.

4. Advancement to an office or position; promotion. Formerly also: †the advancement of a son or daughter by marriage or a financial settlement (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > [noun]

ordainmenta1325

instituingc1380

establishingc1400

assignment1447

prefermentc1465

appointing1520

anointment1561

ordination1650

appointment1658

constitution1665

makinga1715

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > rise in prosperity, power, or rank > advancement or promotion of a person

furtheringc1000

vancement1303

advancementc1325

promotion?a1425

vauncingc1426

advance1440

furtherancec1440

preference1456

prefermentc1465

forwardness1591

preferency1602

motion1641

promoval1653

c1465 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 71 (MED) My moder, my wyf, and all my douchters, your pore kynnyswymmen, tenderly recommaundyn þem to yow, of whos preferment I pray yow to haf rememberaunce, þyf eny fortune may grow in eny plase.

1478 Will of Ralph Verney in J. Bruce Verney Papers (1853) 26 For asmoch as my doughters..haue had their preferrement at their mariages of their porcions to theme belongyng of my goodes, and my sonnes..have not hadde their suche preferrement.

1522 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 237 Towarde the preferment and maryage of the sayd Anne.

1553 in tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obediencia: Oration Transl. to Rdr. sig. A.vii Upon hope of preferment to the diuinitie Lecture in Oxeforde.

1558 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 77 Should either dye before she come to the preferment of mariage.

c1600 W. Fowler tr. N. Machiavelli Prince in Wks. (1936) II. 161 Sa many things dois occurr this day altogether for the comoditie and preferment of a new prence.

1662 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 465 There is no preferment to be had without money.

1694 Ld. Delamere Wks. 12 Ignorant Ambitious Clergy, who in hopes of preferment have turned Bawds to Arbitrary Power.

1707 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts (ed. 4) ii. x. 600 For the obtaining or procuring such Ecclesiastical Preferment.

1767 A. Smith Let. 13 Sept. in Corr. (1977) cix. 131 The Bishop is a brute and a beast and unmerited preferment has rendered him, it seems, still more so.

1788 F. Burney Lett. 29 Jan. I actually asked for this dab of preferment.

1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. xii. 175 By industry and care, you might thus come to some prefarment.

1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxii. 385 With their idle luxury, their hunger for lands and office and preferment.

1902 G. Brenan House of Percy II. ii. 83 Scant preferment and scurvy friendship..the Earl received.

1926 Amer. Mercury July 293/2 Their strongest candidates for public preferment are those who..are the most adept in slinging bunk.

1992 Times 27 June 17/1 He was told by the governors that..he could expect no further preferment.

5. An appointment, esp. to a position in the Church of England, which brings social or financial advancement.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > position or job > [noun] > giving opportunity for advancement

preferment1536

society > faith > worship > sacrament > order > induction > [noun] > instance of

ordinancea1387

point?c1430

preferment1536

1536 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 42 §1 Benefices and other preferrementes.

1597 J. Howson Serm. Paules Crosse 34 To buy them a Benefice, or preferment as we call it.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 84 When more are bred Schollers, then Preferments can take off.

1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 182 Great Dignities and Preferments, which she chaffered for the maintaining..her own interest.

1707 Duke of Marlborough Let. 27 June in H. L. Snyder Marlborough–Godolphin Corr. (1975) II. 824 Thay will be disposing of the preferments now vacant.

1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote II. v. xii. 51 The thoughts of resigning my little preferment, and embarking in the wide world with so young a consort.

1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. xii. 149 I should not think it unreasonable for him to expect some more immediate pecuniary advantage, in lieu of the preferment .

1883 Law Rep.: Probate Div. 8 197 That the defendant held no preferment within the jurisdiction.

1943 G. Greene Ministry of Fear i. iii. 43 If he killed his wife he'd lose his preferment.

1985 M. W. Bonanno Dwellers in Crucible viii. 181 He had passed up endless preferments, a command of his own, to remain with her.

Compounds

Objective.

preferment-hunter n.

ΚΠ

1724 B. Mandeville Modest Def. Publick Stews Pref. sig. A 8 Own, Preferment-Hunter! when sailing on with the Tide avails nothing, does not tacking about steer you sometimes into that snug Harbour, an Employment?

a1834 S. T. Coleridge Marginalia (1980) I. 51 The vile Lies of a Preferment-hunter's Flattery.

1845 Ld. Campbell Lives Chancellors III. xcvi. 467 Parasites and preferment-hunters crowded the levee.

2005 History Jan. 32 The presence of ‘great men’ at court gave preferment-hunters and lobbyists a strong motive for showing their faces.

preferment-hunting adj. and n.

ΚΠ

1742 ‘Fantosme’ Mem. Nobility Thule I. 13 No wonder that a Place so advantageous was sought after by our Preferment-hunting Flamens.

1759 A. Lodovico Satires iii. 60 Had I gone to Rome, it may be said, There to preferment-hunting turn'd my head Ere this in all appearance I had got Abbies or pensions, prelacies—what not?

1818 J. Bentham Church-of-Englandism 440 Hope of translation, and thence the pursuit called preferment-hunting, scarcely even in Scotland can have been altogether without example.

1964 Eng. Stud. 45 70 The preferment-hunting of the tutors was notorious.

1990 J. E. Crimmins Secular Utilitarianism vi. 184 Nonresidence, sinecurism, plural benefices, preferment hunting, ‘pastoral rapacity’, the sale of pews, compulsory rates and tithes, the neglect of duties.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	preferment
释义	prefermentn. Brit. /prᵻˈfəːm(ə)nt/, U.S. /priˈfərm(ə)nt/, /prəˈfərm(ə)nt/ Forms: late Middle English prefferment, late Middle English–1600s preferrement, late Middle English– preferment, 1500s prefermente, 1500s prefermentt, 1600s praeferment, 1600s praeferment, 1600s preferrment, 1800s prefarment (nonstandard); Scottish pre-1700 praeferrement, pre-1700 prefermente, pre-1700 1700s– preferment. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: prefer v., -ment suffix. Etymology: < prefer v. + -ment suffix. Compare post-classical Latin preferramentum , preferrementum privilege, prerogative (1413, 1459, 1478 in British sources). Compare preference n. I. Senses relating to preference or advantage. 1. Prior right or claim, esp. to receive payment, or to purchase or make an offer for a thing on sale. Now archaic or historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun] > priority of claim preferment1443 priority1766 1443 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 265 (MED) He hath good & sufficeant assignement, etc., to make unto him paiement with preferrement. 1451 Rolls of Parl. V. 214/1 That the Acte..be vaillable and stond in strengh and force after the fourme and effect therof, notwithstondyng eny preferment, provision, acte, ordenaunce, in any wyse made..in this present Parlement. 1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 33 §3 Persones which nowe have to ferme any of the seid Lordshippes..shall have preferrement in the takyng of the same..befor any other. 1587 Sir C. Wray in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 365 The said Fellowes..shall alwaie haue the vse and preferment of two of the midle chambers. 1702 Conveyancer's Assistant & Director 340 A Mortgage of one Piece of land to make assurance of another Piece of Land by a day and a Covenant that if the Land mortgaged be redeemed, and after sold, the Mortgagee shall have the preferment to buy another. 1791 E. Wood Compl. Body Conveyancing II. 331 It is covenanted, granted and agreed, between the parties, that if the lessee sells or aliens the term, that the lessor shall have the preferment. 1886 H. Hall Society in Elizabethan Age 93 He sent..to crave preferment of purchase if the place must be sold. 1986 E. G. Holland Coniston Copper (BNC) 17 She was also to have the preferment in buying all ‘precious stones or pearl’ to be found in the working of these mines. 2. The action or fact of preferring, choosing, or favouring, as more desirable; the giving of preference; preference, advantage. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > choice or choosing > types of choice > [noun] > choosing as more desirable preferment1526 pre-election1589 protimesisa1638 preference1673 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. iii. 1 What preferment [1557 Geneva] then hath the Jewe? a1618 W. Raleigh Maxims of State in Remains (1661) 55 To give an equality, or sometimes a preferment to the Common People. a1754 E. Erskine in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1874) IV. Ps. lxxxix. 16 The ground of the believer's preferment and exaltation. 1872 D. R. Locke Struggles of Petroleum 704 I stumbled into a convocation of reformers... Here, I thought, there can be neither envy, malice, ambition, or self-seeking, for these labor for humanity; each will insist not upon his own good, but the preferment of others. 2000 Washington Times (Nexis) 18 Jan. a12 It is difficult to perceive how limiting marriage to persons of the opposite sex constitutes special class or other preferment. That relationship is available to everyone in the community. It is no more preferment than legalizing monogamous but not bigamous or polygamous marriages. II. Senses relating to promotion or advancement. †3. The action of putting or bringing forward; the furtherance or encouragement of an action or undertaking. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > [noun] furtheringc1000 advancementc1325 nourishingc1325 speedingc1400 promotion1425 vauncingc1426 furtherancec1440 expedition1445 preferment1454 further1526 profection1533 towardliness1553 maturation1584 comforting1605 forwarding1635 advance1642 promotement1661 forwardness1741 fosterage1816 1454 Rolls of Parl. V. 254/2 To..the good spede and preferrement of the said Rescows. 1463–4 Rolls of Parl. V. 501/1 For the remotion of such ydelnes and the preferment of Labour and Occupacion, such as hath been used by the makyng of the seid Cloth, it may please unto youre noble grace..to ordeyn and stablyssh certeyn Statutes. 1536 Act 28 Hen. VIII c. 7 §3 For the settyng forthe or preferrement of the deuorce or dissolucion therof. 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. ii. 107 P. Sabinus and Julius Priscus were constituted captaines of the Garde; Priscus by Valens preferment [L. Priscus Valentis gratia] and Sabinus by Caecinaes. 4. Advancement to an office or position; promotion. Formerly also: †the advancement of a son or daughter by marriage or a financial settlement (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > [noun] ordainmenta1325 instituingc1380 establishingc1400 assignment1447 prefermentc1465 appointing1520 anointment1561 ordination1650 appointment1658 constitution1665 makinga1715 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > rise in prosperity, power, or rank > advancement or promotion of a person furtheringc1000 vancement1303 advancementc1325 promotion?a1425 vauncingc1426 advance1440 furtherancec1440 preference1456 prefermentc1465 forwardness1591 preferency1602 motion1641 promoval1653 c1465 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 71 (MED) My moder, my wyf, and all my douchters, your pore kynnyswymmen, tenderly recommaundyn þem to yow, of whos preferment I pray yow to haf rememberaunce, þyf eny fortune may grow in eny plase. 1478 Will of Ralph Verney in J. Bruce Verney Papers (1853) 26 For asmoch as my doughters..haue had their preferrement at their mariages of their porcions to theme belongyng of my goodes, and my sonnes..have not hadde their suche preferrement. 1522 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 237 Towarde the preferment and maryage of the sayd Anne. 1553 in tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obediencia: Oration Transl. to Rdr. sig. A.vii Upon hope of preferment to the diuinitie Lecture in Oxeforde. 1558 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 77 Should either dye before she come to the preferment of mariage. c1600 W. Fowler tr. N. Machiavelli Prince in Wks. (1936) II. 161 Sa many things dois occurr this day altogether for the comoditie and preferment of a new prence. 1662 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 465 There is no preferment to be had without money. 1694 Ld. Delamere Wks. 12 Ignorant Ambitious Clergy, who in hopes of preferment have turned Bawds to Arbitrary Power. 1707 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts (ed. 4) ii. x. 600 For the obtaining or procuring such Ecclesiastical Preferment. 1767 A. Smith Let. 13 Sept. in Corr. (1977) cix. 131 The Bishop is a brute and a beast and unmerited preferment has rendered him, it seems, still more so. 1788 F. Burney Lett. 29 Jan. I actually asked for this dab of preferment. 1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. xii. 175 By industry and care, you might thus come to some prefarment. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxii. 385 With their idle luxury, their hunger for lands and office and preferment. 1902 G. Brenan House of Percy II. ii. 83 Scant preferment and scurvy friendship..the Earl received. 1926 Amer. Mercury July 293/2 Their strongest candidates for public preferment are those who..are the most adept in slinging bunk. 1992 Times 27 June 17/1 He was told by the governors that..he could expect no further preferment. 5. An appointment, esp. to a position in the Church of England, which brings social or financial advancement. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > position or job > [noun] > giving opportunity for advancement preferment1536 society > faith > worship > sacrament > order > induction > [noun] > instance of ordinancea1387 point?c1430 preferment1536 1536 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 42 §1 Benefices and other preferrementes. 1597 J. Howson Serm. Paules Crosse 34 To buy them a Benefice, or preferment as we call it. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 84 When more are bred Schollers, then Preferments can take off. 1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 182 Great Dignities and Preferments, which she chaffered for the maintaining..her own interest. 1707 Duke of Marlborough Let. 27 June in H. L. Snyder Marlborough–Godolphin Corr. (1975) II. 824 Thay will be disposing of the preferments now vacant. 1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote II. v. xii. 51 The thoughts of resigning my little preferment, and embarking in the wide world with so young a consort. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. xii. 149 I should not think it unreasonable for him to expect some more immediate pecuniary advantage, in lieu of the preferment . View more context for this quotation 1883 Law Rep.: Probate Div. 8 197 That the defendant held no preferment within the jurisdiction. 1943 G. Greene Ministry of Fear i. iii. 43 If he killed his wife he'd lose his preferment. 1985 M. W. Bonanno Dwellers in Crucible viii. 181 He had passed up endless preferments, a command of his own, to remain with her. Compounds Objective. preferment-hunter n. ΚΠ 1724 B. Mandeville Modest Def. Publick Stews Pref. sig. A 8 Own, Preferment-Hunter! when sailing on with the Tide avails nothing, does not tacking about steer you sometimes into that snug Harbour, an Employment? a1834 S. T. Coleridge Marginalia (1980) I. 51 The vile Lies of a Preferment-hunter's Flattery. 1845 Ld. Campbell Lives Chancellors III. xcvi. 467 Parasites and preferment-hunters crowded the levee. 2005 History Jan. 32 The presence of ‘great men’ at court gave preferment-hunters and lobbyists a strong motive for showing their faces. preferment-hunting adj. and n. ΚΠ 1742 ‘Fantosme’ Mem. Nobility Thule I. 13 No wonder that a Place so advantageous was sought after by our Preferment-hunting Flamens. 1759 A. Lodovico Satires iii. 60 Had I gone to Rome, it may be said, There to preferment-hunting turn'd my head Ere this in all appearance I had got Abbies or pensions, prelacies—what not? 1818 J. Bentham Church-of-Englandism 440 Hope of translation, and thence the pursuit called preferment-hunting, scarcely even in Scotland can have been altogether without example. 1964 Eng. Stud. 45 70 The preferment-hunting of the tutors was notorious. 1990 J. E. Crimmins Secular Utilitarianism vi. 184 Nonresidence, sinecurism, plural benefices, preferment hunting, ‘pastoral rapacity’, the sale of pews, compulsory rates and tithes, the neglect of duties. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1443
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